CN114305636A - Patella fracture nail cable locking device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a patella fracture nail cable locking device, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments. The patella fracture nail cable locking device comprises a hollow screw and a traction cable; the tail end of the hollow screw is provided with a screw cap, and the screw cap is provided with a locking hole; one end of the traction cable is arranged at the tail end of the hollow screw or on the screw cap. According to the patella fracture nail cable locking device, through the combined design structure of the hollow screw and the traction cable, the screw does not need to be placed in a secondary mode after one-time installation, bone loss is avoided, guiding and positioning of the guide pin can be achieved through the hollow screw, incision resetting and re-finding of a nail placing tunnel are not needed, and the postoperative rehabilitation effect is greatly improved.

Description

Patella fracture nail cable locking device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a patella fracture nail cable locking device.

Background

The patella is an indispensable part of the knee extension function of the knee joint, and carries a load about 5 times the weight of the human body during knee extension. The patella can effectively prevent the lateral displacement of the knee joint in the squatting process of the human body and resist the forward sliding of the femoral condyle. According to statistics, the incidence rate of patellar fracture is about 1.05%.

The treatment of patellar fracture aims at recovering the anatomical reduction of the patellar fracture, reducing the defect caused by the patellar fracture, repairing the smoothness of the patellar surface, facilitating the functional training of early knee joints and reducing the occurrence of complications.

At present, the fixing method of the patella fracture is various, wherein a Cable-pin system is a mature and effective treatment scheme. The two ends of the system respectively adopt a half-thread cancellous bone pressurizing screw and a bone tunnel guide pin, the pressurizing screw is driven into the bone to have a pressurizing effect, and the pressurizing screw is bound and fixed by utilizing a flexible steel cable which is easy to tighten, so that the condition that the pressurizing screw retreats from the appearance can be effectively prevented.

However, the Cable-pin system needs a hollow drill for reaming and pulling out the guide pin during the postoperative reduction process, and the reduction, fracture and displacement and the failure to find the screw placing tunnel can occur during the secondary screw placing process, which results in limited bone loss and fixation failure. In addition, because the hollow guide pin can not be used for guiding, the simple patella fracture needs to be cut open for restoration, which is not beneficial to early rehabilitation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a patella fracture nail cable locking device which is helpful for solving the technical problems.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

a patella fracture nail cable locking device comprises a hollow screw and a traction cable; the tail end of the hollow screw is provided with a screw cap, and the screw cap is provided with a locking hole; one end of the traction cable is arranged at the tail end of the hollow screw or on the screw cap.

Above-mentioned patella fracture nail cable locking device in use owing to adopted the project organization of hollow screw and traction cable rope, need not the secondary after the disposable installation and puts into the screw, can not lead to the sclerotin to utilize the guide pin's guiding orientation can be realized to hollow screw, needn't cut open to reset and look for again and put the nail tunnel, improved the recovered effect of postoperative by a wide margin.

Further, the pull cable is disposed on the nut, the pull cable being disposed opposite the locking aperture. The technical effects are as follows: because the traction cable rope sets up with the locking hole relatively, when adopting two hollow screws to fix, two locking holes pass through locking screw fixed, and two traction cable ropes are eight characters cross side fixed, utilize low incisura design to avoid bringing the interference to the soft tissue, the locking hole of traction cable rope offside can be fixed firmly to smashing the fracture, avoids the soft tissue that the cerclage arouses to irritate, and is less to the soft tissue stimulation, has avoided the possibility of complication such as infection, skin nonunion.

Further, the pull cable is integrally formed with the nut. The technical effects are as follows: the integrated into one piece design can make the integrated device form that the nail cable is integrative, and then makes hollow screw more firm, prevents the further slip of haulage hawser, and nail, cable interact, and stability improves greatly.

Furthermore, the hollow screw is provided with a ring groove at a position close to the screw cap, the ring groove extends along the circumferential direction of the hollow screw, and the traction cable is wound in the ring groove. The technical effects are as follows: realize the swing joint between cannulated screw and the traction cable through the annular groove for the traction cable can be before drawing fixed with the best angular position realization fixed to the binding of patella, and can prevent the excessive winding of traction cable at the in-process of putting into the cannulated screw.

Further, the lateral wall of the nail cap is provided with a ring groove, the ring groove is followed the circumference of cannulated screw extends, the traction cable is around establishing in the ring groove. The technical effects are as follows: likewise, the circumferential groove provides freedom of movement of the pulling cable prior to attachment. And the annular groove is arranged on the screw cap, so that the mechanical strength of the hollow screw can be prevented from being reduced.

Further, the nail cap is bowl-shaped, and the small-caliber end of the nail cap is connected with the tail end of the hollow screw; the nail cap is provided with two cutting planes, and the two cutting planes are oppositely arranged and are parallel to the axis of the hollow screw. The technical effects are as follows: on one hand, the two cutting planes form parallel operating planes, which is beneficial to realizing the screwing-in of the hollow screw by using a tool; on the other hand, the hollow screw can be effectively subjected to weight reduction design, and the cutting plane can resist rotation to prevent the hollow screw from loosening and withdrawing.

Further, the locking hole is a universal hole. The technical effects are as follows: the universal hole provides a larger operable angle for the insertion of the locking screw, further ensuring that the two traction cables are fixed at a specific traction angle. Particularly, for the comminuted patella fracture, the universal locking hole is more beneficial for the early knee joint function exercise of the patient. The operation is simple and convenient in the operation, after the percutaneous broken end is reset, the hollow nail guide needle is placed percutaneously, the hollow screw is directly placed after the position is satisfied, the binding device can lock after tightening the traction cable or press after placing the locking screw in advance, and different choices are provided according to the fracture type. Preferably, the guide angle range of the universal hole is about 30 degrees.

Further, the device also comprises a locking screw; the locking screw penetrates through the locking hole. The technical effects are as follows: the locking screw is matched with the universal locking hole and is placed into the patella at an optimal screwing angle, and the pulling force of the traction cable is dispersed to the patella.

Further, the number of the hollow screws is even; the free end of one of said tractive lines being interconnected with the free end of the other of said tractive lines. The technical effects are as follows: the even number of hollow screws can be mutually pulled pairwise through the pulling cables to complete pressurization and fixation of the patella. Wherein, the traction cable utilizes the binder to realize tightening up and fixing.

Further, the front end of the hollow screw is sharp. The technical effects are as follows: the sharp front end enables each hollow screw to form a self-tapping screw, reduces the operation of surgical instruments and greatly improves the surgical efficiency.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the patella fracture nail cable locking device, through the combined design structure of the hollow screw and the traction cable, the screw does not need to be placed in a secondary mode after one-time installation, bone loss is avoided, guiding and positioning of the guide pin can be achieved through the hollow screw, incision resetting and re-finding of a nail placing tunnel are not needed, and the postoperative rehabilitation effect is greatly improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural outline view of a first view angle of a patella fracture nail cable locking device provided by the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating the appearance of a first patella fracture nail cable locking device from a second perspective according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a first side view (without the pull cable) of a first patella fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an axial cross-sectional view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a second side view of a first patella fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a side view of a second patella fracture pin cable locking device provided in accordance with the present invention (without a pull cable);

FIG. 7 is a side view of a second patella fracture nail cable locking device provided in accordance with the present invention (with a pull cable);

FIG. 8 is an isometric view of a third patella fracture nail cable locking device provided in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a top view of FIG. 8;

fig. 10 is an isometric view of a fourth patella fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention.

Icon: 100-cannulated screws; 110-ring groove; 200-nail cap; 210-a locking hole; 300-pulling the cable; 400-locking screw.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention that are generally described and illustrated in the figures can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Some embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural outline view of a first view angle of a patella fracture nail cable locking device provided by the invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating the appearance of a first patella fracture nail cable locking device from a second perspective according to the present invention; fig. 3 is a first side view (without the pull cable 300) of a first patella fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention; FIG. 4 is an axial cross-sectional view of FIG. 3; fig. 5 is a second side view of the first patella fracture nail cable locking device provided by the invention. Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment provides a patella fracture nail cable locking device, including a cannulated screw 100 and a traction cable 300; the tail end of the hollow screw 100 is provided with a screw cap 200, and the screw cap 200 is provided with a locking hole 210; one end of the pull cable 300 is disposed at the tail end of the cannulated screw 100 or the nut 200.

In the above structure, the cannulated screw 100 not only plays a role of fixing the driven bone, but also plays a role of guiding and guiding due to the provision of the cannulated structure. The pulling cable 300 is connected with the pulling cable 300 of another hollow screw 100, so that the possibility of breakage and looseness during rehabilitation exercise is further avoided. In addition, the locking hole 210 provides an installation space for the locking screw 400, further enhancing the anti-rotation and compression effects of the cannulated screw 100.

Wherein, cannulated screw 100 may be threaded only at the leading section, and the tail of cannulated screw 100 may be internal rectangular or hexagonal in shape.

The pulling rope 300 may be a metal wire rope or a composite rope.

The locking hole 210 may be provided with an internal thread, or may be only a light hole. Preferably, the present embodiment designs an internal thread in the locking hole 210.

The working principle and the operation method of the patella fracture nail cable locking device of the embodiment are as follows:

above-mentioned patella fracture nail cable locking device in use owing to adopted cannulated screw 100 and pull hawser 300's project organization, need not the secondary after the disposable installation and puts into the screw, can not lead to the sclerotin to utilize cannulated screw 100 to realize the guide pin's guide positioning, needn't cut open to reset and look for again and put the nail tunnel, improved the recovered effect of postoperative by a wide margin.

In at least one preferred embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the pull cable 300 is disposed on the nut 200, and the pull cable 300 is disposed opposite the locking hole 210. In this structural design, because traction cable 300 sets up with locking hole 210 relatively, when adopting two cannulated screws 100 to fix, two locking holes 210 are fixed through locking screw 400, and two traction cable 300 are eight characters cross side and fix, utilize low notch design to avoid bringing the interference to the soft tissue, traction cable 300 offside locking hole 210, can be fixed firmly to smashing the fracture, the soft tissue of avoiding cerclage to arouse stimulates, it is less to soft tissue stimulation, the possibility of complication such as infection, skin nonunion has been avoided. In addition, the pull cable 300 may be fixed to the side of the nut 200 or may be disposed on the side of the nut 200 away from the cannulated screw 100, depending on the requirements of the actual application of the procedure.

In at least one preferred embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the pull cable 300 is integrally formed with the nut 200. At this moment, the integrated into one piece design can make the integrated device form that the nail cable is integrative, and then makes cannulated screw 100 more firm, prevents the further slip of haulage hawser 300, and nail, cable interact, and stability improves greatly.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a second patella fracture pin cable locking device provided in accordance with the present invention (without a pull cable 300); FIG. 7 is a side view of a second patella fracture nail cable locking device provided in accordance with the present invention (with a pull cable 300); in at least one preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, a ring groove 110 is disposed on the cannulated screw 100 near the nut 200, the ring groove 110 extends along the circumference of the cannulated screw 100, and the pulling cable 300 is wound in the ring groove 110. In the structure design, the movable connection between the hollow screw 100 and the traction cable 300 is realized through the annular groove 110, so that the traction cable 300 can realize the binding fixation of the patella at the optimal angle position before the traction fixation, and the traction cable 300 can be prevented from being excessively wound in the process of placing the hollow screw 100.

In at least one preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the sidewall of the nut 200 is provided with a ring groove 110, the ring groove 110 extends along the circumference of the cannulated screw 100, and the pulling cable 300 is wound in the ring groove 110. Likewise, the groove 110 provides freedom of movement of the pull cable 300 prior to securement. Moreover, the annular groove 110 provided in the nut 200 can prevent the reduction of the mechanical strength of the cannulated screw 100.

In at least one preferred embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the nut 200 is bowl-shaped, and the small-caliber end of the nut 200 is connected to the tail end of the hollow screw 100; two cutting planes are arranged on the screw cap 200, and the two cutting planes are oppositely arranged and are parallel to the axis of the hollow screw 100. In this design, the two cutting planes form parallel operating planes on the one hand, which facilitates the screwing-in of cannulated screw 100 with a tool; on the other hand, the hollow screw 100 can be effectively subjected to weight reduction design, and the cutting plane can also resist rotation to prevent the hollow screw 100 from loosening and withdrawing.

In at least one preferred embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 1-7, the locking hole 210 is a gimbaled hole. The gimbaled hole provides a large operable angle for insertion of the locking screw 400, further ensuring that the two pull cables 300 are secured at a particular pull angle. In particular, for comminuted patellar fractures, the universal locking hole 210 may be more conducive to early knee function exercises by the patient. The operation is simple and convenient in the operation, after the percutaneous broken end is reset, the hollow nail guide needle is placed percutaneously, the hollow screw 100 is directly placed after the position is satisfied, the binding device tightens the traction cable 300 and then locks or is placed into the locking screw 400 in advance and then pressurizes, and different choices are provided according to the fracture type. Preferably, the guide angle range of the universal hole is about 30 degrees.

FIG. 8 is an isometric view of a third patella fracture nail cable locking device provided in accordance with the present invention; FIG. 9 is a top view of FIG. 8; fig. 10 is an isometric view of a fourth patella fracture nail cable locking device provided by the present invention. In at least one preferred embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 8, 9, 10, a locking screw 400 is further included; the locking screw 400 penetrates the locking hole 210. The locking screw 400 cooperates with the gimbaled locking hole 210 to be placed into the patella at an optimal screw angle to distribute the tension of the pull cable 300 to the patella.

In at least one preferred embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 8-10, the number of cannulated screws 100 is an even number; the free end of one of said tractive lines 300 is interconnected with the free end of the other of said tractive lines 300. At this time, the even number of cannulated screws 100 can be pulled by the pulling cable 300 to each other, thereby completing the pressurization fixation of the patella. Wherein the pull cable 300 is tightened and secured using a binder. Preferably, two cannulated screws 100 are used.

In at least one preferred embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 1-10, the leading end of cannulated screw 100 is pointed. In this design, the pointed tip enables each cannulated screw 100 to form a self-tapping screw, reducing the number of surgical instruments and greatly increasing surgical efficiency.

In conclusion, the patella fracture nail cable locking device can be applied to not only the patella, but also fracture operations such as olecranon, tuberosity tip, medial and lateral malleolus and the like.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A patellar fracture nail cable locking device is characterized by comprising a hollow screw (100) and a traction cable (300); a screw cap (200) is arranged at the tail end of the hollow screw (100), and a locking hole (210) is formed in the screw cap (200); one end of the traction cable (300) is arranged at the tail end of the hollow screw (100) or on the screw cap (200).

2. The patella fracture nail cable locking device according to claim 1, wherein the pull cable (300) is disposed on the nail cap (200), the pull cable (300) being disposed opposite the locking hole (210).

3. The patellar fracture nail cable locking device according to claim 2, wherein the pull cable (300) is integrally formed with the nail cap (200).

4. The patellar fracture nail cable locking device according to claim 1, wherein a ring groove (110) is formed on the hollow screw (100) near the nail cap (200), the ring groove (110) extends along the circumferential direction of the hollow screw (100), and the traction cable (300) is wound in the ring groove (110).

5. The patellar fracture nail cable locking device according to claim 1, wherein the side wall of the nail cap (200) is provided with a ring groove (110), the ring groove (110) extends along the circumference of the cannulated screw (100), and the traction cable (300) is wound in the ring groove (110).

6. The patellar fracture nail cable locking device according to claim 5, wherein the nail cap (200) is bowl-shaped, and the small-caliber end of the nail cap (200) is connected with the tail end of the hollow screw (100); two cutting planes are arranged on the screw cap (200), and the two cutting planes are oppositely arranged and are parallel to the axis of the hollow screw (100).

7. The patellar fracture nail cable locking device according to claim 1, wherein the locking hole (210) is a gimbaled hole.

8. The patellar fracture nail cable locking device according to claim 1, further comprising a locking screw (400); the locking screw (400) penetrates through the locking hole (210).

9. The patellar fracture nail cable locking device according to any of claims 1-8, wherein the number of the cannulated screws (100) is an even number; the free end of one of said tractive lines (300) is interconnected with the free end of the other of said tractive lines (300).

10. The patellar fracture nail cable locking device according to claim 1, wherein the leading end of the cannulated screw (100) is pointed.

Images