CN114305401B - Three-level characteristic judgment method for displaying fingerprints of various types - Google Patents
Three-level characteristic judgment method for displaying fingerprints of various types Download PDFInfo
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- CN114305401B CN114305401B CN202111554686.5A CN202111554686A CN114305401B CN 114305401 B CN114305401 B CN 114305401B CN 202111554686 A CN202111554686 A CN 202111554686A CN 114305401 B CN114305401 B CN 114305401B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 241001085205 Prenanthella exigua Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000001061 forehead Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
The invention relates to a three-level characteristic judgment method for displaying fingerprints of various types, which comprises the following steps: s1, treating a cellulose membrane to enable the cellulose membrane to be in a semi-moist state; s2, preparing various types of fingerprints, and displaying the fingerprints on the cellulose film; s3, photographing the developed fingerprint to extract a fingerprint image; s4, performing three-level feature judgment on the extracted fingerprint image, and determining the gender of the fingerprint owner. The method has the advantages of low cost, simple operation, environment-friendly and efficient process, rapid appearance of the wet cellulose film, very high accuracy and stability of the obtained three-level features, and capability of accurately judging the sex of a fingerprint owner according to the three-level features such as sweat pore density while obtaining a fingerprint high-resolution image, so that the method has very good practical application value in fingerprint identification and fingerprint authentication.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fingerprint identification, in particular to a three-level characteristic judging method for displaying fingerprints of various types.
Background
The fingerprint has the characteristics of uniqueness, invariable life and trace of touch, so that fingerprint identification becomes one of the most effective technical means of criminal investigation personal identification and identity authentication. The existing fingerprint identification mainly depends on the quantity and quality of secondary features, but fingerprint incomplete, partially blurred or deformed conditions are often encountered in the fingerprint identification process, and at the moment, the primary and secondary features are difficult to accurately and effectively identify individuals, and the feasibility and the reliability of opinion of the fingerprint identification are often enhanced by utilizing the tertiary features.
Currently, most approaches to developing fingerprints focus on improving the visualization of secondary features. Although few imaging analysis technologies based on spectrum, mass spectrum, scanning electrochemical microscope and the like can provide three-level characteristic information of fingerprints, compared with the actual situation of fingerprints of a legacy person, the number, size, shape and other attributes of sweat pores often change, so that the accuracy and stability of the actually obtained three-level characteristics of the fingerprints are low. Some physical methods for revealing fingerprints based on nanomaterials are combined with super-resolution microscopy, and detailed information of three-level features can be seen. Unfortunately, the nanoparticles used in these methods are prone to aggregation, which can disrupt the three-level feature details of the fingerprint, particularly the shape of the ridge edges and the shape, size, and number of sweat pores. In addition, these methods of visualizing fingerprints sometimes require complicated visualization steps or instruments, which are time consuming, laborious and poorly reproducible. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high resolution method for simply, quickly, stably and reliably acquiring three-level features of a fingerprint.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving the drawbacks of the prior art, and is directed to providing a three-level feature judgment method for developing fingerprints of various types, which is used to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
The above technical object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical means.
A three-level characteristic judging method for displaying fingerprints of multiple types comprises the following steps:
s1, treating a cellulose membrane to enable the cellulose membrane to be in a semi-moist state;
s2, preparing various types of fingerprints, and displaying the fingerprints on the cellulose film;
s3, photographing the developed fingerprint to extract a fingerprint image;
s4, performing three-level feature judgment on the extracted fingerprint image, and determining the gender of the fingerprint owner.
In the aspect and any possible implementation manner as described above, there is further provided an implementation manner, where the S1 specifically includes: and placing the cut cellulose membrane in deionized water to be fully soaked into bright white, taking out and sucking redundant water drops by using filter paper, airing for a plurality of seconds, and enabling the cellulose membrane to be in a semi-moist state.
In the aspect and any possible implementation manner as described above, there is further provided an implementation manner, where the S1 specifically includes: soaking the cut cellulose membrane in chitosan solution for 1.0-1.5h, taking out, airing, soaking in blue carbon ink for 8-15min, taking out, airing to a semi-moist state.
In the aspect and any possible implementation manner as described above, there is further provided an implementation manner, wherein the plurality of types of fingerprints include fingerprints of volunteers collected in situ, and the step S2 includes the following steps:
s21, preparing a plurality of types of fingers: after the volunteer cleans the hands, the volunteer wears disposable plastic transparent gloves to sweat for 10-20min to obtain sweat-immersed fingers; after the volunteer cleans the hands, the fingers are lightly touched at the forehead or nose to obtain oily fingers or the volunteer obtains natural fingers in a natural state;
s22, placing the cellulose film in a semi-moist state on a clean electronic scale, uniformly pressing the sweat finger, the oil finger or the natural finger in the S21 on the cellulose film with a force of 200g, and after removing the finger, displaying a fingerprint on the cellulose film.
In aspects and any one of the possible implementations as described above, there is further provided an implementation, the plurality of types of fingerprints including a live collected fingerprint of a volunteer and an offsite legacy fingerprint, the S2 comprising the steps of:
s21, preparing a plurality of types of fingers: after the volunteer cleans the hands, the volunteer wears disposable plastic transparent gloves to sweat for 10-20min to obtain sweat-immersed fingers; after the volunteer cleans the hands, the fingers are lightly touched at the forehead or nose to obtain oily fingers or the volunteer obtains natural fingers in a natural state;
s22, pressing the finger in the step S21 or the residual fingerprint on the non-site on the object surface; and then covering the cellulose film in the semi-moist state in the step S1 on the object surface, so that the cellulose film is fully contacted with the object surface.
In aspects and any one of the possible implementations described above, there is further provided an implementation, the cellulose membrane is a hydrophilic polymeric cellulose membrane material.
Aspects and any of the possible implementations described above, further provide an implementation, the object including, but not limited to, glass, stainless steel, or plastic.
In aspects and any one of the possible implementations described above, there is further provided an implementation in which the chitosan solution is obtained by dissolving 5-10mg of chitosan and 0.1-0.3mL of acetic acid in 10-15mL of deionized water.
In the aspects and any possible implementation manner described above, there is further provided an implementation manner, wherein the carbon blue ink is formed by diluting ink and deionized water in a volume ratio of 1:3.
Aspects and any one of the possible implementations described above, further providing an implementation, the tertiary features including edge shape of the ridge, shape of the detail, width of the ridge, or number of sweat pores; and S4, performing three-level feature judgment on the extracted fingerprint image, and determining the gender of the fingerprint owner, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps of: and carrying out statistical analysis on the sweat pore number in the fingerprint image, and manufacturing a frequency histogram, and judging the gender of the fingerprint owner according to the frequency number corresponding to the sweat pore number in the frequency histogram.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention
The three-level characteristic judgment method for displaying fingerprints of various types provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: s1, treating a cellulose membrane to enable the cellulose membrane to be in a semi-moist state; s2, preparing various types of fingerprints, and displaying the fingerprints on the cellulose film; s3, photographing the developed fingerprint to extract a fingerprint image; s4, performing three-level feature judgment on the extracted fingerprint image, and determining the gender of the fingerprint owner. The method has the advantages of low cost, simple operation, environment-friendly and efficient process, quick appearance of the cellulose film, capability of judging three-level characteristics of fingerprints of volunteers collected on site, capability of collecting residual fingerprints collected off site, capability of judging three-level characteristics, very high accuracy and stability of the obtained three-level characteristics, capability of judging the gender of a fingerprint owner according to three-level characteristics such as sweat pore density while obtaining a high-resolution image of the fingerprints, and very good appearance effect on the residual fingerprints on site, so that the method has very good practical application value in fingerprint identification and fingerprint authentication.
Drawings
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a view showing the effect of the oil latent fingerprints directly stamping in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the effect of a direct-printing natural fingerprint in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view showing the effect of direct stamping sweat fingerprints in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effects of primary, secondary and tertiary features of a direct-printing sweat fingerprint in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6a is a graph showing the effects of primary, secondary and tertiary features of direct stamping of fingerprints in male volunteers according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6b is a graph showing the effects of first, second and third level features of direct stamping of fingerprints by female volunteers in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6c is a three-level characteristic sweat pore count histogram of direct stamping of 36 male and female volunteers in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of transferring oil latent fingerprints from a glass object surface in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a representation of the effect of transferring a natural fingerprint from a glass object surface in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a view showing the effect of transferring latent fingerprints from the glass object surface in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
The fingerprint characteristic information of a person is divided into three levels: the first-level features refer to the flow direction of the ridge and the type of the ridge, and are judged by adopting a singular point alignment method; secondary features include minutiae such as ridge branches, extremities, islands, intersections, etc., tertiary features include microscopic minutiae such as ridge edge shape, minutiae shape, ridge width, sweat pore size and density, etc., in fingerprint authentication, the relevant minutiae in the primary and secondary features of the fingerprint are often missing for various reasons, and therefore it is difficult to determine the gender of the fingerprint owner using conventional authentication methods, while tertiary features require higher resolution images to be observed. In addition, the number of sweat pores in the central nuclear area of the fingerprint is more than that of men, so the fingerprint obtained by the method can obtain a high-resolution fingerprint image under a microscope, and then the sex of a person with the fingerprint left can be judged by utilizing the sweat pore density characteristic information, thereby improving the accuracy of identity recognition.
As shown in fig. 1, the three-level feature judgment method for developing fingerprints of various types comprises the following steps: s1, treating a cellulose membrane to enable the cellulose membrane to be in a semi-moist state; s2, preparing various types of fingerprints, and displaying the fingerprints on the cellulose film; s3, photographing the developed fingerprint to extract a fingerprint image; s4, performing three-level feature judgment on the extracted fingerprint image, and determining the gender of the fingerprint owner.
Further, the method comprises the steps of:
(1) Placing the cut cellulose film in deionized water for several seconds, soaking the cellulose film to be bright white, taking out and sucking redundant water drops by using filter paper, airing for several seconds, and enabling the cellulose film to be in a semi-moist state; the cellulose membrane is a hydrophilic polymer cellulose membrane material, and the hydrophilic membrane comprises, but is not limited to, a nitrocellulose membrane. Specifically, the invention adopts a nitrocellulose membrane (NC membrane for short), which is a material with good appearance performance, after being immersed by water, the light transmittance is changed, and simultaneously, the adsorption capacity of the hydrophilic cellulose membrane in a semi-moist state to hydrophobic substances such as amino acid, protein, glyceride and the like in fingerprint components is enhanced;
(2) Acquisition of multiple types of fingerprints. Sweat latent fingerprint: after the hands are cleaned, the disposable plastic transparent glove is put on for sweat sealing for 10-20min, as shown in figure 4; oil submerged fingerprint: after the hands are cleaned, touching gently at the forehead or nose as shown in fig. 2; natural fingerprint: in a natural state, as shown in fig. 3. And placing the semi-moist cellulose film on a clean electronic scale, and uniformly pressing the sweat finger, the oil finger or the natural finger on the cellulose film with about 200g of force. If the pressing force is less than 100g, the formed lines are thinner, the obtained sweat pores are incomplete, and if the pressing force is more than 300g, the formed lines are thicker, and the sweat pores are extruded and deformed, so that the invention adopts about 200g of force. After removing the finger, the fingerprint clearly appears on the cellulose film; wherein sweat latent fingerprints, oil latent fingerprints and natural latent fingerprints are obtained by directly stamping fingerprints by male volunteers and female volunteers.
(3) Placing the fingerprint sample which is well shown in the step (2) under a lower polished integral microscope, and photographing to extract a fingerprint image;
(4) Collecting 12 male volunteers and 24 female volunteers, repeating the steps (2) - (3), wherein a first sample fingerprint image a and a second sample fingerprint image b are obtained, from which the differences of sweat pore shapes, positional relationships and distribution numbers in certain areas in male and female fingerprints can be intuitively seen. Compared with men and women, sweat pores of women are clearer and more obvious, more evenly distributed and more in quantity. Then counting the sweat pore numbers of the central nuclear area (3.5 mm x 3.5 mm) of all fingerprint samples to obtain a frequency distribution diagram, wherein the sweat pore numbers of females exist in the interval of 0-140, particularly concentrated between 100-140, and the curve is steep as shown in fig. 6 c; the sweat pores of the male are relatively dispersed, and the curve is gentle in the interval of 0-100, so that the corresponding relation between the sweat pores and the frequency is used as a three-level characteristic index, the fingerprint owner is female when the corresponding frequency is high under the same sweat pores, and the fingerprint owner is male when the frequency is low, so that the density of the sweat pores of the female is higher than that of the male.
(5) Preferably, the present invention may also employ deionized water, chitosan solutions and inks to modify the cellulose membrane to enhance the visualization of both live volunteer fingerprints and off-site, legacy fingerprints. Soaking the cut cellulose film in chitosan solution for 0.8-1.5h, setting the time to be 1h in the invention, taking out, airing, soaking in carbon ink for 8-15min, selecting for 10min, taking out, airing to a semi-moist state;
(6) The fingerprints of the volunteers collected on site and the fingerprints left off site can be pressed on the surface of the smooth object lightly;
(7) Flatly covering the cellulose film obtained in the step (5) on the surface of the object carrying the fingerprint, and pressing the cellulose film with force to enable the cellulose film to be fully contacted with the object, so that the fingerprints of volunteers collected on site or the residual fingerprints on site on the surface of the object are transferred to the cellulose film;
(8) And (3) repeating the step (3) to extract fingerprint images from fingerprints on the cellulose film, wherein the cellulose film can better show various types of fingerprints transferred from the object surface, and particularly the fingerprints which are not on site and are difficult to show are left.
(9) And (4) repeating the step, and judging the gender of the fingerprint owner according to the sweat pore number.
When the method deposits the fingerprints of the volunteers collected on site or the fingerprints left on site on the cellulose film, the ridge lines can obstruct the light transmittance of the cellulose film, and all three-level characteristics of the fingerprints are displayed by utilizing the light transmittance difference of two areas (namely the ridge line area and the valley line area), wherein the provided information of the difference of the number of the sweat pores of the fingerprints can be used for judging the gender of the volunteers, so that the cellulose film is modified by ionized water, chitosan solution and ink to better obtain the relevant characteristics of the fingerprints of the volunteers collected on site or the fingerprints left on site, especially the sweat pore density or size in the three-level characteristics, thereby being more beneficial to judging the gender of the fingerprint owners.
Preferably, objects in embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, impermeable materials such as glass, stainless steel, plastic, and the like;
preferably, in step (5) in the embodiment of the present invention, the chitosan solution is obtained by dissolving 5-10mg of chitosan and 0.1-0.3mL of acetic acid in 10-15mL of deionized water;
specifically, the carbon blue ink is prepared by dissolving 5mg of chitosan and 0.2mL of acetic acid in 10mL of deionized water, and the carbon blue ink is prepared by diluting the ink and the deionized water in a volume ratio of 1:3. The cellulose membrane modified by chitosan under the condition can uniformly adsorb diluted ink so as to enhance the appearance effect of the residual fingerprints.
The process according to the invention is illustrated below by means of specific examples
Example 1
Examples are nitrocellulose membrane (NC membrane) with a pore size of 0.22 μm, aqueous solutions and sweat fingerprints.
(1) Placing the cut cellulose film in deionized water for a few seconds, fully soaking the cellulose film to be bright white, taking out the cellulose film, sucking excessive water drops by using filter paper, and airing the cellulose film for 5 seconds to enable the cellulose film to be in a semi-moist state;
(2) Cleaning hands, and taking disposable plastic transparent glove to sweat for 10-20min. Placing the NC film in a semi-moist state on a clean electronic scale, uniformly pressing the finger after sweat sealing on the cellulose film with about 200g of force, removing the finger, and clearly displaying the fingerprint on the cellulose film;
(3) And (3) placing the sample which is well developed in the step (2) under a lower polished integral microscope, and photographing to extract a fingerprint image, as shown in fig. 5.
Example 2
Taking the method of utilizing aqueous solution and cellulose film to show three-level characteristics of fingerprint as an example, respectively showing natural fingerprints of male and female volunteers,
(1) Placing the cut cellulose film in deionized water for a few seconds, fully soaking the cellulose film to be bright white, taking out the cellulose film, sucking excessive water drops by using filter paper, airing the cellulose film for 5 seconds, and enabling the cellulose film to be in a semi-moist state;
(2) Placing the NC film in a semi-moist state on a clean electronic scale, uniformly pressing the fingers on the cellulose film with about 200g of force in a natural state, removing the fingers, and clearly displaying fingerprints on the cellulose film;
(3) Collection of 12 male volunteers and 24 female volunteers step (2) was repeated, respectively, wherein sample images a and b in fig. 6 were obtained, and the sweat pore density differences of all male and female fingerprints were compared by frequency histogram 6 c.
Example 3
Taking as an example the use of a wet cellulose film to develop different types of fingerprints transferred from an impermeable guest-glass surface,
(1) Acquisition of multiple types of fingerprints. Sweat latent fingerprint: cleaning hands, and taking disposable plastic transparent gloves to sweat for 10min; oil submerged fingerprint: the hand is cleaned, and the user touches gently at the forehead or nose; natural fingerprint: the natural state is just needed;
(2) Lightly pressing different types of fingerprints on glass respectively;
(3) Soaking the cut cellulose membrane in chitosan solution for 1h, taking out, airing, soaking in carbon ink for 10min, taking out, airing to a semi-moist state;
(4) Flatly covering the cellulose film obtained in the step (3) on glass loaded with fingerprints, and pressing the cellulose film with force to enable the cellulose film to be fully contacted with the glass;
(5) And (3) placing the fingerprint displayed in the step (4) under a lower polished integral microscope, and photographing to extract a fingerprint image, as shown in fig. 7-9.
While the foregoing description illustrates and describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as limited to other embodiments, and is capable of numerous other combinations, modifications and environments and is capable of changes or modifications within the scope of the claimed invention, either as a result of the foregoing teachings or as a result of knowledge in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A three-level characteristic judging method for displaying fingerprints of various types is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, treating a cellulose membrane to enable the cellulose membrane to be in a semi-moist state; the S1 specifically comprises the following steps: placing the cut cellulose membrane in deionized water to be fully soaked into bright white, taking out and sucking redundant water drops by using filter paper, airing for a plurality of seconds, and enabling the cellulose membrane to be in a semi-moist state;
s2, preparing various types of fingerprints, showing the fingerprints on the cellulose film, wherein the various types of fingerprints comprise fingerprints of volunteers collected on site,
the step S2 comprises the following steps: s21, preparing various types of fingers: after the volunteer cleans the hands, the volunteer wears disposable plastic transparent gloves to sweat for 10-20min to obtain sweat-immersed fingers; after the volunteer cleans the hands, the fingers are lightly touched at the forehead or nose to obtain oily fingers or the volunteer obtains natural fingers in a natural state;
s22, placing the cellulose film in a semi-moist state on a clean electronic scale, uniformly pressing the sweat finger, the oil finger or the natural finger in the S21 on the cellulose film with a force of 200g, and after removing the finger, displaying a fingerprint on the cellulose film;
s3, photographing the developed fingerprint to extract a fingerprint image;
s4, performing three-level feature judgment on the extracted fingerprint image, and determining the gender of the fingerprint owner, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: and carrying out statistical analysis on the sweat pore number in the fingerprint image, and manufacturing a frequency histogram, and judging the gender of the fingerprint owner according to the frequency number corresponding to the sweat pore number in the frequency histogram.
2. The three-level characteristic judgment method for developing fingerprints of a plurality of types according to claim 1, wherein the cellulose film is a hydrophilic polymer cellulose film material.
3. The three-level feature judgment method for developing fingerprints of a plurality of types according to claim 1, wherein the three-level features include edge shapes of ridges, shapes of details, widths of ridges, or numbers of sweat pores.
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