CN114305069A - Cooking utensil and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Cooking utensil and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114305069A CN114305069A CN202011074141.XA CN202011074141A CN114305069A CN 114305069 A CN114305069 A CN 114305069A CN 202011074141 A CN202011074141 A CN 202011074141A CN 114305069 A CN114305069 A CN 114305069A
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- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular fluorine Chemical compound C.FF QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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Abstract
The application provides a cooking utensil and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: printing a preset pattern on the surface of a base material by using ink to form a grain pattern on the surface of the base material; etching the surface of the substrate with the grain pattern by adopting a pre-prepared etching solution to form raised grains; stretching and forming the base material to form a pot body with a cooking cavity, wherein the raised grains are positioned on the inner surface of the pot body; and forming a non-stick layer on the inner surface of the pot body, and removing the non-stick layer on the surface of the raised grains to obtain the cooking utensil. The application provides a cooking utensil can have good non-adhesion and corrosion resistance, and resistant ladle collides with, improves the life of cooking utensil.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of cookers, in particular to a cooking appliance and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The existing non-stick pan has a good non-stick effect when being used, the non-stick coating on the surface of the existing non-stick pan generally has a fluorine coating or a ceramic coating, but the non-stick coating with the thickness of more than ten microns on the surface of the pan is easily worn, scratched and polluted in the using process, so that the non-stick property is reduced until the non-stick property is lost, the service life is short, an iron shovel cannot be used, and the use experience is very poor. On the other hand, in the existing non-stick pan with the aluminum base material, after the coating is damaged, the base material is corroded, the precipitation of the aluminum element is ingested by human bodies, the health of the human bodies is influenced, some products carry out hard oxygen treatment on the aluminum base material, a layer of compact protective film is formed on the surface, however, a large amount of acid and alkali wastes are generated in the hard oxygen process, the ecological environment safety is seriously influenced, and therefore the non-stick pan is required to be capable of improving the non-stick property and the corrosion resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a cooking utensil and a manufacturing method thereof, which can have good non-adhesiveness and corrosion resistance, resist the collision of a scoop, and prolong the service life of the cooking utensil.
The embodiment of the application provides a manufacturing method of a cooking appliance, which comprises the following steps: printing a preset pattern on the surface of a base material by using ink to form a grain pattern on the surface of the base material;
etching the surface of the substrate with the grain pattern by adopting a pre-prepared etching solution to form raised grains;
stretching and forming the base material to form a pot body with a cooking cavity, wherein the raised grains are positioned on the inner surface of the pot body;
and forming a non-stick layer on the inner surface of the pot body, and removing the non-stick layer on the surface of the raised grains to obtain the cooking utensil.
In the scheme, raised grains are formed on the surface of the base material by etching, then the base material is stretched and molded, a non-stick layer is formed on the inner surface of the pot body, and the non-stick layer on the surface of the raised grains is removed to obtain a finished pot; because the substrate surface is equipped with protruding line, protruding line can protect the non-stick layer, can improve wear resistance, reduces the wearing and tearing volume or the fish tail probability of use non-stick layer, improves the life of pan.
In a possible embodiment, the raised height of the raised texture is 50um to 150um, and the width of the raised texture is 0.2mm to 0.8 mm.
In the above scheme, the coating of the recess the inside can be effectually protected to suitable protruding height and width, but also can avoid protruding line to the at utmost to the minus influence of non-adhesiveness.
In a possible embodiment, the ratio of the area of the raised grains to the area of the substrate provided with the raised grains is 5% to 15%.
In the above scheme, the coating of the recess the inside can be effectually protected to the area proportion of the protruding line that suits, but also can avoid protruding line to the negative effect of non-adhesiveness to the at utmost.
In one possible embodiment, the substrate has a thickness of 1.5mm to 5 mm; and/or the material of the base material comprises one or more of titanium, copper and low-carbon steel.
In the scheme, the base material can improve the use stability of the cooking utensil.
In a possible embodiment, the step of etching the surface of the substrate provided with the grain pattern by using a pre-prepared etching solution to form the raised grains includes:
when the base material with the grain pattern is titanium, etching the surface of the base material by using a pre-prepared first etching solution to form convex grains, wherein the first etching solution comprises hydrobromic acid with the volume ratio of 15-30%, formic acid with the volume ratio of 1-3%, acetic acid with the volume ratio of 1-3%, sodium fluoride with the volume ratio of 4-10%, hydrogen peroxide with the volume ratio of 3-8% and the balance of water; or
When the base material provided with the grain pattern is copper, etching the surface of the base material by using a pre-prepared second etching solution to form a convex grain, wherein the second etching solution comprises copper chloride with the volume ratio of 10% -20%, ammonia water with the volume ratio of 10% -20% and the balance of water; or
When the base material with the grain patterns is made of low-carbon steel, etching the surface of the base material by using a pre-prepared third etching solution to form the convex grains, wherein the third etching solution comprises 45-65% of ferric chloride by volume, 10-20% of ammonia water by volume and the balance of water.
In the scheme, different pre-prepared etching solutions are adopted for different base materials, so that the preparation efficiency of the raised grains is improved, and the production cost can be reduced by adopting a chemical etching mode.
In a possible embodiment, after printing the predetermined pattern on the surface of the substrate with the ink, the method further comprises:
and drying the ink on the surface of the base material at the drying temperature of 6-200 ℃ for 1-8 min.
In the scheme, the printing ink is dried and can be sufficiently dried, so that the binding force between the grain pattern and the substrate is stronger, the grain pattern is not easy to fall off, and the etching precision is improved.
In a possible embodiment, after the printing the predetermined pattern on the surface of the substrate with the ink and before the etching the surface of the substrate provided with the grain pattern with the pre-prepared etching solution, the method further includes:
and forming a protective coating on the surface of the base material without the grain pattern, wherein the protective coating is made of modified ceramic paint.
In the scheme, before etching, the protective coating is formed on the surface of the substrate without the grain pattern, so that etching liquid is prevented from etching the substrate during etching treatment, and the etching accuracy can be improved.
In a possible embodiment, after the etching the surface of the substrate provided with the grain pattern by using the pre-prepared etching solution to form the raised grains, the method further includes:
cleaning a substrate with raised grains for 45-90 seconds by using a pre-prepared cleaning solution, and removing ink and residual etching solution on the surface of the substrate, wherein the cleaning solution comprises 3-15% by volume of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide and the balance of water;
and cleaning the substrate with the raised grains by pure water for 45-90 s, and controlling the cleaning temperature to be 35-90 ℃.
In the scheme, through cleaning treatment, the printing ink and the residual etching solution on the surface of the substrate can be effectively cleaned, so that the surface of the substrate is clean, and the non-stick layer can be conveniently formed by subsequent spraying.
In one possible embodiment, the thickness of the non-stick layer is 10um to 50 um.
In the scheme, the thickness of the non-stick layer is too thin, the non-stick layer is easy to wear until the base material breaks the non-stick property, and when the thickness of the non-stick layer is too thick, the cost is increased, and the non-stick service life is not obviously prolonged.
In a possible embodiment, the material of the non-stick layer is selected from a non-stick coating and/or a modified non-stick coating, wherein the non-stick coating comprises at least one of a fluororesin coating and a ceramic coating; the modified non-stick coating is prepared by adding an inorganic porous material and/or an inorganic self-lubricating material into the non-stick coating.
In the scheme, the non-stick coating can ensure the non-stick performance of the non-stick layer and prolong the service life of the non-stick layer.
In one possible embodiment, the inorganic porous material comprises at least one of diatomaceous earth, bentonite, zeolite; the inorganic self-lubricating material comprises at least one of graphite, graphite fluoride and molybdenum disulfide.
In the scheme, the non-stick service life of the non-stick layer can be prolonged, and the non-stick performance is guaranteed.
In a possible embodiment, when the material of the base material is low carbon steel, before the non-stick layer is formed on the inner surface of the pot body, the method further comprises:
and carrying out oxidation or nitridation treatment on the base material to form the antirust layer.
In the scheme, the antirust layer is formed, so that the base material is effectively prevented from rusting in the using process, the service life of the cooking appliance is prolonged, and the use experience of the cooking appliance is improved.
The embodiment of the application also provides a cooking appliance which is manufactured according to the manufacturing method of the cooking appliance, the cooking appliance comprises a base material and a non-stick layer, and at least part of the inner surface of the base material is provided with raised grains; the raised grains are enclosed to form a plurality of grooves, the non-stick layer is formed on the surface of the base material in the grooves, and the surface of the raised grains is not provided with the non-stick layer.
In the above scheme, because the substrate surface is equipped with protruding line, protruding line can protect the non-stick layer, can improve wear resistance, reduces the wearing and tearing volume or the fish tail probability of use non-stick layer, improves the life of pan.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a partial sectional view of a cooking appliance provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is another partial sectional view of a cooking appliance provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3a is a schematic diagram of a raised grain pattern of a cooking appliance according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3b is a schematic diagram of a raised grain pattern of a cooking appliance according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-sticking layer of a cooking appliance provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
11-a substrate;
12-a non-stick layer; 121-a bottom layer; 122-middle layer; 123-surface layer;
111-raised lines;
112-a groove;
13-antirust coating.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In the description of the present specification, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more unless specified or indicated otherwise; the terms "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected or detachably connected, or integrally connected or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate.
The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper" and "lower" used in the description of the embodiments of the present application are used in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. In addition, in this context, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on "or" under "the other element or be indirectly on" or "under" the other element via an intermediate element.
In one embodiment, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a manufacturing method of a cooking appliance provided in an embodiment of the present application, including the following steps:
printing a preset pattern on the surface of a base material by using ink to form a grain pattern on the surface of the base material;
etching the surface of the substrate with the grain pattern by adopting a pre-prepared etching solution to form raised grains;
stretching and forming the base material to form a pot body with a cooking cavity, wherein the raised grains are positioned on the inner surface of the pot body;
and forming a non-stick layer on the inner surface of the pot body, and removing the non-stick layer on the surface of the raised grains to obtain the cooking utensil.
In this embodiment, the prepared cooking utensil includes a substrate 11 and a non-stick layer 12, wherein at least a part of the inner surface of the substrate 11 is provided with raised grains 111; the raised lines 111 enclose to form a plurality of grooves, the non-stick layer 12 is formed on the surface of the substrate 11 in the grooves, and the surface of the raised lines is not provided with the non-stick layer 12.
In this scheme, because the substrate surface is equipped with protruding line, protruding line can protect the non-stick layer, can improve wear resistance, reduces the wearing and tearing volume or the fish tail probability of use non-stick layer, improves the life of pan.
In the embodiment of the present application, the inner surface of the base material 11 of the cooking appliance refers to a surface closer to the food material to be cooked out of two surfaces of the base material 11 when cooking. The inner surfaces in the other layers have similar meanings.
The claimed manufacturing method is explained in detail below with reference to the drawings:
step S10, printing a preset pattern on the surface of the base material by using ink, so that the surface of the base material forms a grain pattern.
Specifically, the substrate 11 may be a single-layer substrate or a composite substrate, and the material of the substrate 11 includes one or more of titanium, copper, and low-carbon steel. That is, the single-layer base material may be any one of titanium, copper, and low-carbon steel; the material of the composite base material can be the composition of a plurality of titanium, copper and low-carbon steel, for example, the composite base material comprises a titanium surface layer and a copper bottom layer; or the composite base material comprises a low-carbon steel bottom layer and a titanium surface layer; or the composite base material comprises a low-carbon steel bottom layer, a copper middle layer and a titanium surface layer.
Further, the thickness of the substrate 11 may be 1.5mm to 5 mm. With substrate thickness control in this within range for whole cooking utensil can not be too heavy, and can guarantee overall structure intensity, improve life, thickness undersize influences cooking utensil's structural strength, and thickness is too big, and raw materials consumes greatly, and is with high costs.
Alternatively, the thickness of the substrate 11 may be, for example, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm or 5mm, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited within the range of values are equally applicable. Preferably, the thickness of the base material 11 may be 1.5mm to 4mm, thereby facilitating reduction of the overall weight of the cooking appliance, ensuring the overall structural stability of the cooking appliance, and improving durability. Preferably, the thickness of the base material 11 is 2.5mm, so that the whole cooking utensil has better structural strength and lighter weight. Of course, the thickness of the substrate 11 may have other values, and the specific value thereof may be selected or set according to actual requirements.
After step S10, the method further includes:
and drying the ink on the surface of the base material at the drying temperature of 6-200 ℃ for 1-8 min.
In a specific embodiment, the drying temperature may be, for example, 6 ℃, 30 ℃, 50 ℃, 80 ℃, 100 ℃, 120 ℃, 150 ℃, 180 ℃, 200 ℃ or the like, and the drying time may be, for example, 1min, 2min, 3min, 4min, 5min, 6min, 7min or 8min or the like, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the numerical range are also applicable. Preferably, the drying temperature is 60-120 ℃, and the drying time is 5-20 min.
Understandably, through drying treatment, the printing ink can be fully dried, so that the binding force between the grain pattern and the base material is stronger, and the grain pattern is not easy to fall off. After the ink is fully dried, a protective film is formed on the surface of the base material, etching liquid can not react with the ink in the subsequent etching treatment process, the base material covered by the ink can not be chemically etched under the protection of the ink, and areas which are not coated by the ink can be chemically etched.
Further, after step S10, the method further includes:
and forming a protective coating on the surface of the base material without the grain pattern, wherein the protective coating is made of modified ceramic paint.
Specifically, the protective coating can be formed by spraying and sintering, and it is understood that the substrate covered by the protective coating does not chemically react with the etching solution, and the non-etching area of the substrate is prevented from being damaged by the etching solution. Illustratively, the inner surface of the pot bottom of the pot is an etched area, and the inner surface of the pot body is a non-etched area.
And step S20, etching the surface of the substrate provided with the grain pattern by adopting pre-prepared etching liquid to form the raised grains.
As shown in fig. 3a to 3b, the pattern shape of the raised grain 111 may be, for example, a regular geometric pattern of lines and dots, so that it can have industrial aesthetic sense and can realize non-stick property.
As shown in fig. 1, the protrusion height h of the protrusion 111 is 50um to 150um, such as 50um, 60um, 70um, 80um, 100um, 120um or 150um, but not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the range of the values are also applicable. Preferably, the protrusion height h of the protrusion line 111 is 50um to 80 um.
The width w of the raised ridges 111 is 0.2mm to 0.8mm, and may be, for example, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, or 0.8mm, but is not limited to the values listed above, and other values not listed above within the range of values are also applicable. Preferably, the width w of the raised grain 111 is 0.3mm to 0.5 mm.
The ratio of the area of the raised lines 111 to the area of the substrate provided with the raised lines is 5% to 15%, for example, 5%, 8%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, or 15%, etc., but not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in this range are also applicable. Preferably, the area ratio is 8% to 12%.
It can be understood that within the range of the height, the width and the area ratio of the protrusions, the non-stick layer inside the groove can be effectively protected, and the negative influence of the protrusion lines on the non-stick property can be avoided to the greatest extent.
In other embodiments, the raised texture 111 may also be formed by a mechanical stamping or laser engraving process.
In the embodiment, the raised patterns 111 are formed by a chemical etching process, so as to reduce the production cost and improve the production efficiency. Of course, the substrate 11 may be cleaned and dried before the raised pattern 111 is formed.
Specifically, when the base material provided with the grain pattern is titanium, the surface of the base material is etched by using a pre-prepared first etching solution to form the raised grain, wherein the first etching solution comprises hydrobromic acid with a volume ratio of 15% -30%, formic acid with a volume ratio of 1% -3%, acetic acid with a volume ratio of 1% -3%, sodium fluoride with a volume ratio of 4% -10%, hydrogen peroxide with a volume ratio of 3% -8% and the balance of water.
The first etching solution is used for etching the base material made of the titanium material, has strong titanium etching capacity, has small influence on the environment, is low in cost, and can effectively improve the etching efficiency.
When the base material with the grain pattern is made of copper, etching the surface of the base material by using a pre-prepared second etching solution to form the convex grain, wherein the second etching solution comprises copper chloride with the volume ratio of 10% -20%, ammonia water with the volume ratio of 10% -20% and the balance of water.
The second etching solution is used for etching the base material made of the copper material, has strong copper etching capacity, has small influence on the environment, is low in cost, and can effectively improve the etching efficiency.
When the base material with the grain patterns is made of low-carbon steel, etching the surface of the base material by using a pre-prepared third etching solution to form the convex grains, wherein the third etching solution comprises 45-65% of ferric chloride by volume, 10-20% of ammonia water by volume and the balance of water.
The third etching solution is used for etching the base material made of the low-carbon steel material, has strong etching capacity, has small influence on the environment, is low in cost, and can effectively improve the etching efficiency.
It should be noted that the substrate covered by the ink forms the raised pattern 111 to form a predetermined pattern shape, and the etched portion of the substrate forms the grooves. When the substrate is a composite substrate, the surface with the grain pattern is made of titanium, the first etching solution is adopted, and when the surface with the grain pattern is made of copper, the second etching solution is adopted, namely the material of the surface to be etched is taken as the standard.
Understandably, different pre-prepared etching solutions are adopted for different base materials, so that the preparation efficiency of the raised grains is improved, and the production cost can be reduced by adopting a chemical etching mode.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, when the base material with the grain pattern is made of low-carbon steel, in order to avoid rusting of the low-carbon steel, before the non-stick layer is formed on the inner surface of the pot body, the low-carbon steel needs to be subjected to rust prevention treatment, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the substrate is subjected to oxidation or nitridation treatment to form the rust preventive layer 13.
Specifically, the material of the rust-proof layer is iron nitride, and the thickness of the rust-proof layer is 5 to 30um, for example, 5um, 8um, 10um, 13um, 15um, 18um, 20um, 23um, 25um, 28um or 30um, but not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the range of the values are also applicable. Preferably, the thickness of the anti-rust layer is 12-20 um.
Understandably, after the antirust layer is arranged, the base material can be prevented from rusting, and the service life and the use experience of the cooking appliance are influenced.
After step S20, the method further includes:
cleaning a substrate with raised grains for 45-90 seconds by using a pre-prepared cleaning solution, and removing ink and residual etching solution on the surface of the substrate, wherein the cleaning solution comprises 3-15% by volume of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide and the balance of water;
and cleaning the substrate with the raised grains by pure water for 45-90 s, and controlling the cleaning temperature to be 35-90 ℃.
In a specific embodiment, the washing time may be, for example, 45s, 55s, 60s, 75s, 80s, 85s, or 90s, and the washing temperature is 35 ℃, 40 ℃, 45 ℃, 50 ℃, 55 ℃, 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, or 90 ℃, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of values are also applicable. Preferably, the cleaning temperature is 50 to 70 ℃, so as to accelerate the cleaning efficiency and remove the ink on the surface of the raised texture 111 of the substrate and the residual etching solution in the groove.
It can be understood that through the cleaning treatment, the ink and the residual etching solution on the surface of the substrate can be effectively cleaned, so that the surface of the substrate is clean, and the non-stick layer 12 can be conveniently formed by subsequent spraying.
Step S30, stretch-forming the substrate into a pan body having a cooking cavity, the raised texture 111 being located on an inner surface of the pan body.
Specifically, after stretch forming, the inner surface of the pot body needs to be roughened, so that the roughness Ra of the inner surface of the pot body reaches 3um to 8um, for example, 3um, 4um, 5um, 6um, 7um or 8 um. And cleaning and drying after roughening treatment. It is understood that the roughening treatment can improve the bonding force of the non-stick layer 12, and the non-stick layer 12 is not easy to crack and fall off during the use process. The roughening treatment may be, for example, a sand blasting process.
And step S40, forming a non-stick layer on the inner surface of the pot body, and removing the non-stick layer on the surface of the raised grains to obtain the cooking utensil.
Specifically, the non-stick layer 12 may be formed by an air spraying or electrostatic spraying process, and then sintered, so that the non-stick layer 12 and the substrate 11 have a stronger bonding force and a more stable overall structure.
The thickness of the non-stick layer 12 is 10um to 50 um. It should be noted that, the thickness of the non-stick layer 12 is less than 10um, the coating is too thin and is easy to wear to the substrate to destroy the non-stick property, and when the thickness of the non-stick layer 12 is more than 50um, the non-stick layer 12 is too thick, the cost is increased and the non-stick life is not obviously improved.
Alternatively, the non-stick layer 12 may have a thickness of 25um, 30um, 35um, 40um, 45um, or 50 um. Preferably, the non-stick layer 12 has a thickness of 30um to 40um, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in this range are equally applicable. Understandably, the proper thickness is beneficial to reducing the cost, is not easy to fall off and has more stable non-stick performance.
The non-stick layer 12 is made of non-stick paint and/or modified non-stick paint, wherein the non-stick paint comprises at least one of fluororesin paint and ceramic paint; the modified non-stick coating is prepared by adding an inorganic porous material and/or an inorganic self-lubricating material into the non-stick coating.
In particular embodiments, the inorganic porous material comprises at least one of diatomaceous earth, bentonite, zeolite; the inorganic self-lubricating material comprises at least one of graphite, graphite fluoride and molybdenum disulfide.
As shown in fig. 4, in order to improve the bonding force between the non-stick layer and the substrate and avoid the non-stick layer from falling off, the non-stick layer 12 may include a bottom layer 121, a middle layer 122 and/or a top layer 123, and in one embodiment, a predetermined proportion of an inorganic porous material or an inorganic self-lubricating material may be added to the bottom non-stick coating and the middle non-stick coating to form a modified non-stick coating, so as to improve the bonding force of the coating.
When the non-stick coating is a fluororesin coating, 1-15% by mass of an inorganic porous material and/or an inorganic self-lubricating material can be added into the primer fluororesin coating and the middle fluororesin coating. It is understood that when the mass ratio is more than 15%, the film forming property of the non-stick coating is significantly affected, and when the mass ratio is less than 1%, the effect of extending the durable non-stick life is not obtained. Preferably, the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material and/or the inorganic self-lubricating material in the bottom layer fluororesin coating is 5-15%, and the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material and/or the inorganic self-lubricating material in the middle layer fluororesin coating is 5-10%, so as to obtain the modified fluororesin coating.
When the non-stick coating is a ceramic coating, 1-10% by mass of an inorganic porous material and/or an inorganic self-lubricating material can be added into the bottom layer ceramic coating and the middle layer ceramic coating. It is understood that when the mass ratio is more than 10%, the film forming property of the non-stick coating is significantly affected, and when the mass ratio is less than 1%, the effect of extending the durable non-stick life is not obtained. Preferably, the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material and/or the inorganic self-lubricating material in the bottom ceramic coating is 2% -5%, and the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material and/or the inorganic self-lubricating material in the middle non-stick coating is 3% -8%, so as to obtain the modified ceramic coating.
After forming non-stick layer 12, carry out sand light processing to non-stick layer 12, get rid of non-stick layer 12 and the regional protective coating of non-etching on the 111 surfaces of protruding line, then polish, make the pan surface smooth glossy, reduce the resistance of scoop when using, the reinforcing is used and is experienced. At this moment, protruding line 111 encloses the substrate 11 surface that closes in the recess that forms and is equipped with non-stick layer 12, and protruding line 111 can protect non-stick layer 12 in the recess 112, can not destroy non-stick layer 12 in the recess 112 during the sand light, and protruding line 111 can also avoid the slice to destroy non-stick layer 12 in long-term use, improves the life of pan.
Understandably, the raised grains have higher hardness and corrosion resistance, and under the protection of the raised grains 111, the slice is not easy to directly contact the non-stick layer 12 in the groove 112, so that the service life of the pan body can be prolonged.
In order to better embody this application cooking utensil's wearability, now do the wear test to cooking utensil in this application.
Preparing materials:
provide be equipped with on-stick layer and no protruding line's cooking utensil, the cooking utensil of this application. Labeled S1 and S2, respectively.
And (3) testing:
under the same environment, the dish is simulated to be fried for 10min by the same shovel and is repeated for 10 times.
The above experiment was repeated 3 times and the number of scratches per cooking utensil was recorded for each time, and the data is as follows:
as table goes up, cooking utensil in this application because the substrate surface is equipped with protruding line, protruding line 111 can protect the not adhesive layer in the recess, can improve wear resistance, reduces use wearing and tearing volume or fish tail probability, improves the life of pan.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A method of making a cooking appliance, the method comprising:
printing a preset pattern on the surface of a base material by using ink to form a grain pattern on the surface of the base material;
etching the surface of the substrate with the grain pattern by adopting a pre-prepared etching solution to form raised grains;
stretching and forming the base material to form a pot body with a cooking cavity, wherein the raised grains are positioned on the inner surface of the pot body;
and forming a non-stick layer on the inner surface of the pot body, and removing the non-stick layer on the surface of the raised grains to obtain the cooking utensil.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the raised ridges (111) have a raised height of 50um to 150um and a width of 0.2mm to 0.8 mm.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the raised grain (111) has an area that accounts for 5-15% of the area of the substrate on which the raised grain is provided.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the substrate (11) is between 1.5mm and 5 mm; and/or the material of the base material (11) comprises one or more of titanium, copper and low-carbon steel.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of etching the surface of the substrate provided with the grain pattern by using the pre-prepared etching solution to form the raised grain comprises the following specific steps:
when the base material with the grain pattern is titanium, etching the surface of the base material by using a pre-prepared first etching solution to form convex grains, wherein the first etching solution comprises hydrobromic acid with the volume ratio of 15-30%, formic acid with the volume ratio of 1-3%, acetic acid with the volume ratio of 1-3%, sodium fluoride with the volume ratio of 4-10%, hydrogen peroxide with the volume ratio of 3-8% and the balance of water; or
When the base material provided with the grain pattern is copper, etching the surface of the base material by using a pre-prepared second etching solution to form a convex grain, wherein the second etching solution comprises copper chloride with the volume ratio of 10% -20%, ammonia water with the volume ratio of 10% -20% and the balance of water; or
When the base material with the grain patterns is made of low-carbon steel, etching the surface of the base material by using a pre-prepared third etching solution to form the convex grains, wherein the third etching solution comprises 45-65% of ferric chloride by volume, 10-20% of ammonia water by volume and the balance of water.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein after printing the predetermined pattern on the surface of the substrate with the ink, the method further comprises:
and drying the ink on the surface of the base material at the drying temperature of 6-200 ℃ for 1-8 min.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein after printing the predetermined pattern on the surface of the substrate with the ink and before etching the textured surface of the substrate with the pre-formulated etching solution, the method further comprises:
and forming a protective coating on the surface of the base material without the grain pattern, wherein the protective coating is made of modified ceramic paint.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein after etching the textured surface of the substrate with the pre-formulated etching solution to form the raised texture, the method further comprises:
cleaning a substrate with raised grains for 45-90 seconds by using a pre-prepared cleaning solution, and removing ink and residual etching solution on the surface of the substrate, wherein the cleaning solution comprises 3-15% by volume of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide and the balance of water;
and cleaning the substrate with the raised grains by pure water for 45-90 s, and controlling the cleaning temperature to be 35-90 ℃.
9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the non-stick layer (12) is 10-50 um.
10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-stick layer (12) is made of a material selected from a non-stick coating and/or a modified non-stick coating, wherein the non-stick coating comprises at least one of a fluororesin coating and a ceramic coating; the modified non-stick coating is prepared by adding an inorganic porous material and/or an inorganic self-lubricating material into the non-stick coating.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the inorganic porous material comprises at least one of diatomaceous earth, bentonite, zeolite; the inorganic self-lubricating material comprises at least one of graphite, graphite fluoride and molybdenum disulfide.
12. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the base material is low carbon steel, the method further comprises, before forming the non-stick layer on the inner surface of the pot body:
and carrying out oxidation or nitridation treatment on the base material to form the antirust layer.
13. A cooking utensil, characterized in that, the cooking utensil is made by the method of any one of claims 1 to 12, the cooking utensil comprises a base material (11) and a non-stick layer (12), at least part of the inner surface of the base material (11) is provided with raised lines (111); protruding line (111) enclose and close and form a plurality of recesses, non-stick layer (13) are formed in the surface of substrate (11) in the recess, the surface of protruding line is not equipped with non-stick layer (13).
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