CN114304699A - Method for extracting green and yellow ratio of primary flue-cured tobacco leaves - Google Patents
Method for extracting green and yellow ratio of primary flue-cured tobacco leaves Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting the proportion of green and yellow of tobacco leaf primary baking, which comprises the steps of collecting an image of fresh tobacco leaf in a baking room, reading the image, converting the image data into RGB color space, and obtaining the RGB channel pixel value of the image; setting a threshold value based on the difference value of the pixel values of the two channels R, G to set the background part except the tobacco leaves in the image to be white, obtaining an image which only represents the tobacco leaves by taking the white as the background, further converting the image into HSV color space numerical values to represent, obtaining the pixel point number of the yellow part of the tobacco leaves by setting the threshold value on the pixel value of the H channel, and finally dividing the pixel point number of the yellow part of the tobacco leaves by the pixel point number representing the whole tobacco leaves, wherein the obtained percentage is the yellow proportion of the tobacco leaves. The method for extracting the green-yellow ratio of the primary flue-cured tobacco can improve the regulation efficiency for realizing the machine vision digital curing of the tobacco when applied to the primary flue-cured tobacco.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of computer machine vision, and particularly relates to a method for extracting the green-yellow ratio of primary flue-cured tobacco leaves.
Background
The primary process of tobacco primary curing is to change planted tobacco into cigarette raw materials, and is a process that farmers place fresh tobacco harvested from the field into a curing barn to cure and modulate the fresh tobacco to become cigarette raw materials. Different baking temperatures are respectively set in the fresh tobacco leaf yellowing stage, the color fixing stage and the stem drying stage, so that the fresh tobacco leaves are sequentially baked to reach the tobacco leaf states of yellowing area, soft collapse and main vein softening in a certain proportion, and the yellow leaf yellow stem tip-hooked and curled tobacco leaf form is formed, and further the final main vein baked raw tobacco is obtained. The whole process not only needs to observe the change state of the tobacco leaves in real time to control the temperature and humidity of the curing barn through a flexible handle, but also needs to adjust the environment of the curing barn according to the change of the environment or the climate temperature and humidity. In the prior art, the tobacco leaf is primarily baked by adopting a manual judgment mode, time and labor are consumed, and the speed can be increased and the labor consumption can be reduced by applying a machine vision method.
In the traditional method, an expert judges the tobacco state through human eye recognition to serve as a judgment basis for adjusting the temperature and the humidity of a curing barn, and the method is dependent on manpower and consumes time. In the prior art, an intelligent controller is adopted to regulate the temperature and the humidity of a curing barn, however, the most critical factor of tobacco curing is the actual change state of fresh tobacco leaves, so that the yellowing proportion characteristic changed along with the tobacco curing process is not effectively extracted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is carried out to solve the problems and aims to provide a method for extracting the green-yellow ratio of flue-cured tobacco leaves based on computer machine vision judgment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for extracting the proportion of green and yellow of flue-cured tobacco leaves, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step one, acquiring an image of a primary flue-cured raw tobacco sample to be detected; reading an image, converting the image into an RGB color space, and acquiring an RGB channel pixel value of the image; setting a threshold value based on the difference value of the pixel values of the two channels RG to set the background part except the tobacco leaves in the image to be white, and obtaining an image which only represents the tobacco leaves by taking the white as the background; converting the image into an HSV color space numerical value to express, and setting a threshold value for the pixel value of the H channel to obtain the number of pixels of the yellow part of the tobacco leaf; and step five, dividing the number of yellow pixel points by the number of pixel points representing the whole tobacco leaves, wherein the obtained percentage is the yellow proportion of the tobacco leaves.
Further, in the method for extracting the proportion of green and yellow of the flue-cured tobacco leaves provided by the invention, the method can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the image acquisition in the first step is specifically as follows: and aligning the camera lens to the primary grill in the primary curing barn to form a bundle of vertically hung tobacco leaves, flattening each tobacco leaf to be vertical, and further obtaining a complete primary cured tobacco leaf image.
Further, in the method for extracting the proportion of green and yellow of the flue-cured tobacco leaves provided by the invention, the method can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the step two of obtaining the pixel values of the image RGB channels comprises the following steps: step 2-1, reading in an image and acquiring a BGR value of the image; and 2-2, converting the BGR value of the image into an RGB color space to obtain pixel values of three channels of the RGB image.
Further, in the method for extracting the proportion of green and yellow of the flue-cured tobacco leaves provided by the invention, the method can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the step three, obtaining the number of the pixel points representing the tobacco leaves on the image comprises: step 3-1, calculating R, G the difference of the pixel values of the two channels; and 3-2, setting a threshold value for the difference value, assigning the RGB channels of the pixel point positions in the threshold value range to be 255, replacing the background part of the non-tobacco leaves in the image with pure white, and obtaining the image which only represents the tobacco leaves by taking the white as the background.
Further, in the method for extracting the proportion of green and yellow of the flue-cured tobacco leaves provided by the invention, the method can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the step four, acquiring the number of the pixel points representing the whole tobacco leaves and the yellow part on the image comprises: step 4-1, converting the BGR channel pixel value of the image into an HSV color space value to represent; 4-2, setting a threshold range for the pixel value of the H channel, and respectively defining a yellowing part and a cyan part except the yellow part of the tobacco leaf; and 4-3, respectively counting the pixel point quantity of the yellow part of the tobacco leaves and the pixel point quantity of the whole tobacco leaves.
Further, in the method for extracting the proportion of green and yellow of the flue-cured tobacco leaves provided by the invention, the method can also have the following characteristics: and the fifth step further comprises displaying the yellow proportion of the tobacco leaves on the image of the flue-cured tobacco leaves.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the method for extracting the green-yellow ratio of the primary flue-cured tobacco leaves, the images of the fresh tobacco leaves in a curing barn are collected, the images are read in, the image data are converted into RGB color space, and the RGB channel pixel values of the images are obtained; setting a threshold value based on the difference value of the pixel values of the two channels R, G to set the background part except the tobacco leaves in the image to be white, obtaining an image which only represents the tobacco leaves by taking the white as the background, further converting the image into HSV color space numerical values to represent, obtaining the pixel point number of the yellow part of the tobacco leaves by setting the threshold value on the pixel value of the H channel, and finally dividing the pixel point number of the yellow part of the tobacco leaves by the pixel point number representing the whole tobacco leaves, wherein the obtained percentage is the yellow proportion of the tobacco leaves. The method can obtain the primary tobacco curing yellowing state without depending on the manual monitoring of experts by setting corresponding threshold values according to requirements and obtaining the primary tobacco curing yellowing state through the computer program of the method, thereby accelerating the industrial process speed and further realizing the industrial automation. The method has high robustness and no damage, and can be used for intelligent regulation of machine vision tobacco primary baking. In addition, the method for extracting the green-yellow ratio of the primary flue-cured tobacco leaves is applied to digital curing, and the incorporation of the green-yellow ratio characteristics of the primary flue-cured tobacco leaves further improves the efficiency of the digital curing of the tobacco leaves.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for extracting the green-yellow ratio of flue-cured tobacco leaves in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a fresh tobacco leaf collection image in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an image of fresh tobacco leaves after background removal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the extraction of a yellowing partial image of fresh tobacco leaves according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an image of cyan portion of fresh tobacco leaf extracted according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a yellowing ratio of tobacco leaves on an original image according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the following embodiments are specifically described in the technical scheme of the invention with reference to the attached drawings.
< example >
In the embodiment, fresh tobacco leaves in the baking process are used as test objects, and the evaluation of the yellowing degree of an expert in the baking process of a sample is shown in the right column, and is shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 samples of freshly roasted tobacco leaves and expert evaluation
| Image name | Degree of yellowing |
| 08272227 | 3 yellowing or less |
| 08280905 | 3 yellowing or less |
| 08281151 | 3 yellowing or less |
| 08281208 | 3 yellowing or less |
| 08281515 | 3 yellowing or less |
| 08281258 | 3 yellowing or less |
| 08300319 | 4-5 yellowing |
| 08300542 | 5-6 to yellow |
| 08300611 | 5-6 to yellow |
| 08300915 | 6-7 yellowing |
| 08310319 | 7-8 to yellow |
| 08310600 | 8-9 yellowing |
In this embodiment, 2021 year-old fresh flue-cured tobacco leaves in yunnan chuxiong producing area are selected as samples, and referring to fig. 1, the following tobacco leaf texture included angle extraction method is adopted to extract the green-yellow ratio characteristics of the tobacco leaves from the samples:
step one, carrying out image acquisition on a primary flue-cured raw tobacco sample to be detected:
the camera lens is aligned to the primary grill in the primary curing barn to form a bundle of vertically hung tobacco leaves, each tobacco leaf is flattened as much as possible and is vertical, and then a complete primary cured tobacco leaf image (fresh tobacco leaf image) is obtained, as shown in fig. 2.
Reading in an image, converting the image into an RGB color space, and acquiring an image RGB channel pixel value:
step 2-1, reading in an image and acquiring a BGR value of the image;
and 2-2, converting the BGR value of the image into an RGB color space to obtain pixel values of three channels of the RGB image.
Setting a threshold value based on the difference value of the pixel values of the two channels RG to set the background part except the tobacco leaves in the image to be white, and obtaining an image which only represents the tobacco leaves by taking the white as the background:
step 3-1, calculating R, G the difference of the pixel values of the two channels;
and 3-2, assigning the RGB channels of the pixel point positions with the difference values smaller than 30 and larger than 237 to be 255, replacing the background part of the non-tobacco leaves in the image with pure white, and obtaining the image which only represents the tobacco leaves by taking white as the background, as shown in fig. 3.
Step four, converting the image into an HSV color space numerical value to express, and setting a threshold value for the pixel value of the H channel to obtain the pixel number of the yellow part of the tobacco leaf:
step 4-1, converting the BGR value of the image into an HSV color space value to represent;
step 4-2, regarding pixel points with H-channel pixel values larger than 0 and smaller than 32 as yellow parts of the tobacco leaves (as shown in FIG. 4), and defining pixel points with H-channel pixel values between 32 and 58 as cyan parts of the tobacco leaves (as shown in FIG. 5) except yellow;
and 4-3, respectively counting the pixel point quantity of the yellow part of the tobacco leaves and the pixel point quantity of the whole tobacco leaves.
Step five, calculating to obtain the percentage of yellow ratio of the tobacco leaves:
the yellow pixel number is divided by the pixel number representing the whole tobacco leaf, the obtained percentage is the extracted tobacco leaf yellow proportion, and the proportion is displayed on the original fresh tobacco leaf collection image, as shown in fig. 6, which illustrates that the tobacco leaf yellow proportion is 57.75%.
< verification of extraction result of tobacco leaf yellowing ratio >
Table 1 above shows the samples of freshly cured tobacco leaves and expert evaluations, and the following table shows the results of the extraction of the yellowing scale characteristics of the collected images of these samples of freshly cured tobacco leaves in this example:
TABLE 2 the extracted yellowing ratio of this example
The verification method comprises the following steps:
the yellowing ratio extracted by the method is compared with the evaluation of the cured tobacco by experts.
And (4) verification result:
the yellowing ratio extracted by the method is compared with the evaluation of the cured tobacco by experts, and the comparison result is shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 comparison of yellowing ratios
| Image sequence number | Image name | Yellowing ratio | Degree of yellowing | Comparison results |
| 1 | 08272227 | 0.87％ | 3 yellowing or less | Uniformity |
| 2 | 08280905 | 2.10％ | 3 yellowing or less | Uniformity |
| 3 | 08281151 | 2.50％ | 3 yellowing or less | Uniformity |
| 4 | 08281208 | 2.63％ | 3 yellowing or less | Uniformity |
| 5 | 08281515 | 3.76％ | 3 yellowing or less | Uniformity |
| 6 | 08281258 | 26.98％ | 3 yellowing or less | Uniformity |
| 7 | 08300319 | 46.80％ | 4-5 yellowing | Uniformity |
| 8 | 08300542 | 51.22％ | 5-6 to yellow | Uniformity |
| 9 | 08300611 | 51.63％ | 5-6 to yellow | Uniformity |
| 10 | 08300915 | 57.75％ | 6-7 yellowing | Whether or not |
| 11 | 08310319 | 81.14％ | 7-8 to yellow | Whether or not |
| 12 | 08310600 | 82.71％ | 8-9 yellowing | Uniformity |
As can be seen from Table 3, the evaluation of the yellowing degree of the tobacco leaves by experts in the curing process and the comparison of the yellowing degree by applying the method of the invention show that the ratio of the evaluation results of the two is 83.33 percent, and the accuracy is higher; and the results of the image serial numbers 10 and 11 with errors are relatively close to the evaluation of experts, and the error range is small, so that the method for extracting the green-yellow ratio of the primarily baked tobacco leaves provides a research basis for the improvement of the efficiency of digitally baking the tobacco leaves by incorporating the green-yellow ratio characteristics of the primarily baked tobacco leaves when being applied to digital baking in the future.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method for extracting the green-yellow ratio of the primary flue-cured tobacco leaves is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, acquiring an image of a primary flue-cured raw tobacco sample to be detected;
reading an image, converting the image into an RGB color space, and acquiring an RGB channel pixel value of the image;
setting a threshold value based on the R, G two-channel pixel value difference value to set the background part except the tobacco leaves in the image to be white, and obtaining an image which only represents the tobacco leaves by taking the white as the background;
converting the image into an HSV color space numerical value to express, and setting a threshold value for the pixel value of the H channel to obtain the number of pixels of the yellow part of the tobacco leaf;
and step five, dividing the number of yellow pixel points by the number of pixel points representing the whole tobacco leaves, wherein the obtained percentage is the yellow proportion of the tobacco leaves.
2. The method for extracting the green-yellow ratio of the flue-cured tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
wherein, the image acquisition in the first step is specifically as follows: and aligning the camera lens to the primary grill in the primary curing barn to form a bundle of vertically hung tobacco leaves, flattening each tobacco leaf to be vertical, and further obtaining a complete primary cured tobacco leaf image.
3. The method for extracting the green-yellow ratio of the flue-cured tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
wherein, the step two of obtaining the pixel values of the image RGB channels comprises the following steps:
step 2-1, reading in an image, and acquiring pixel values of three channels of BGR of the image;
and 2-2, converting the BGR value of the image into an RGB color space to obtain pixel values of three channels of the RGB image.
4. The method for extracting the green-yellow ratio of the flue-cured tobacco leaves according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:
wherein, the step three, acquiring the image which only represents the tobacco leaves with white as the background comprises:
step 3-1, calculating R, G the difference of the pixel values of the two channels;
and 3-2, setting a threshold value for the difference value, assigning the RGB channels of the pixel point positions in the threshold value range to be 255, replacing the background part of the non-tobacco leaves in the image with pure white, and obtaining the image which only represents the tobacco leaves by taking the white as the background.
5. The method for extracting the green-yellow ratio of the flue-cured tobacco leaves according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:
wherein, the step four, the step of obtaining the quantity of yellow pixel points on the image for representing the tobacco leaves comprises the following steps:
step 4-1, converting the BGR channel pixel value of the image into an HSV color space value to represent;
4-2, setting a threshold range for the pixel value of the H channel, and respectively defining a yellowing part and a cyan part except the yellow part of the tobacco leaf;
and 4-3, respectively counting the pixel point quantity of the yellow part of the tobacco leaves and the pixel point quantity of the whole tobacco leaves.
6. The method for extracting the green-yellow ratio of the flue-cured tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and the fifth step further comprises displaying the yellow proportion of the tobacco leaves on the image of the flue-cured tobacco leaves.
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| CN117876380A (en) * | 2024-03-13 | 2024-04-12 | 昆明昊拜农业科技有限公司 | Tobacco leaf environment temperature and humidity and microlayer difference prediction method and system |
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