CN114300736A - Process method for reducing safety failure temperature of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Process method for reducing safety failure temperature of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN114300736A CN114300736A CN202111482787.6A CN202111482787A CN114300736A CN 114300736 A CN114300736 A CN 114300736A CN 202111482787 A CN202111482787 A CN 202111482787A CN 114300736 A CN114300736 A CN 114300736A
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- ion battery
- lithium ion
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- HFCVPDYCRZVZDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [Li+].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O HFCVPDYCRZVZDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000572 Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese Oxide (NCM) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010024769 Local reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010053615 Thermal burn Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001467 acupuncture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process method for reducing the safety failure temperature of a lithium ion battery, which is characterized in that the thickness of a current collector in a positive pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 10-16 um, the thickness of a current collector in a negative pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 10-16 um, the width of a positive pole lug in the positive pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 1-3 mm, the thickness of a positive pole lug in the positive pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 50-150 um, the width of a negative pole lug in the negative pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 1-3 mm, and the thickness of a negative pole lug in the negative pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 50-150 um. The short circuit failure temperature of the lithium ion battery prepared by the process method is controlled within 100 ℃, and the needling failure temperature is controlled within 50 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a process method for reducing the safety failure temperature of a lithium ion battery.
Background
At present, various intelligent wearable devices in the market are full of precious and little. According to the development trend of the intelligent wearable device market, various micro lithium ion batteries with corresponding requirements also need stronger technical support.
Intelligent wearable devices, such as bluetooth headsets, hearing aids, and related implantable medical health devices, have more stringent safety requirements for lithium ion batteries due to the special use environment. The safety failure temperature of the conventional formula is generally about 120 ℃, the needle punching failure temperature is about 90 ℃, and the use has more limitations. Therefore, conventional lithium ion batteries are commonly used in portable electronic devices, mobile phones, earphones, watches, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art.
Therefore, the invention provides a process method for reducing the safety failure temperature of a lithium ion battery, which has the advantage of reducing the safety failure temperature of the lithium ion battery, wherein the external short circuit temperature is reduced by 20 ℃, and the failure temperature is controlled within 100 ℃; the needle puncture failure temperature is reduced by 50 ℃, and the failure temperature is controlled within 50 ℃.
According to the process method for reducing the safety failure temperature of the lithium ion battery, the thickness of a current collector in a positive pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 10-16 um, the thickness of a current collector in a negative pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 10-16 um, the width of a positive pole lug in the positive pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 1-3 mm, the thickness of a positive pole lug in the positive pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 50-150 um, the width of a negative pole lug in the negative pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 1-3 mm, and the thickness of the negative pole lug in the negative pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 50-150 um.
The invention has the advantages that the short circuit failure temperature of the lithium ion battery is lower, the temperature can be controlled within 100 ℃, and the using environment is wider and safer; the lithium ion battery has the advantages that the needling failure temperature is lower, the temperature can be controlled within 50 ℃, the using environment is wider and safer, the lithium ion battery can be used for parts (close to the skin, in the ear and the like) which are more fit with the human body, such as in-ear equipment, intelligent glasses and the like, and the secondary scald injury can be avoided when the battery is damaged suddenly and destructively.
Further specifically, in the above technical solution, the formula that the cross-sectional area of the tab is favorable for the heat dissipation mechanism is as follows:
Q＝I2*R*t，
then
Wherein Q represents the heat generated by the polar ear during time t; i represents the current passing through; r represents tab resistance; t represents time; ρ represents the resistivity of the tab; l represents the tab length; s represents the cross-sectional area of the tab; when the lithium ion battery is in short circuit, sudden large current passes through, and the accumulated heat is relatively less under the condition that the cross section area of the lug is larger; in the case of heat determination, the larger the tab cross-sectional area is, the faster the heat dissipation is.
Further specifically, in the above technical solution, the positive electrode material that forms the positive electrode plate of the lithium ion battery includes a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, a binder, and an auxiliary additive; the conductive agent is one of carbon black, carbon nano-tubes and graphene; the binder is one of vinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, homopolymer of vinylidene fluoride, copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride and copolymer of hexafluoropropylene and vinylidene fluoride; the auxiliary additive is PVP auxiliary cosolvent.
Further specifically, in the above technical solution, the positive electrode active material is mainly lithium cobaltate and is doped with one of lithium iron phosphate, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, or lithium titanate.
Further specifically, in the above technical scheme, when the positive electrode active material is mainly lithium cobaltate and is doped with lithium iron phosphate, the doping ratio of the lithium iron phosphate is 3% to 10%; when the positive active material is mainly lithium cobaltate and is doped with nickel cobalt lithium manganate, the doping proportion of the nickel cobalt lithium manganate is 3-10%; when the positive active material is mainly lithium cobaltate and doped with lithium titanate, the doping proportion of the lithium titanate is 3-10%.
Further specifically, in the above technical solution, the negative electrode material that constitutes the negative electrode sheet of the lithium ion battery includes a negative electrode active material, a conductive agent, a binder, and an auxiliary additive; the negative active material is a graphite negative material; the conductive agent is one of water-soluble carbon black, carbon nano-tubes and graphene; the binder is one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and styrene butadiene rubber latex; the auxiliary additive is an auxiliary cosolvent of distilled water; the negative electrode active material, the conductive agent and the binder are dissolved in distilled water to form negative electrode slurry.
Further specifically, in the above technical solution, the positive electrode tab is a positive electrode aluminum tab.
Further specifically, in the above technical solution, the positive electrode aluminum tab is made of pure aluminum, or the positive electrode aluminum tab is made of aluminum alloy.
Further specifically, in the above technical solution, the negative electrode tab is a negative electrode copper tab.
Further specifically, in the above technical solution, the negative electrode copper tab is made of pure copper, or the negative electrode copper tab is made of copper alloy.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a positive plate, a negative plate and a separator wound into a roll core;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly process of the entire lithium ion battery.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the process method for reducing the safety failure temperature of the lithium ion battery is a microminiature needle type lithium ion battery assembled by a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece, a diaphragm and electrolyte. Under the highly fixed condition of specific size lithium ion battery, set up the mass flow body thickness in the positive pole piece that constitutes lithium ion battery into 10 ~ 16um, mass flow body thickness increases, and radiating rate when inefficacy is faster. Therefore, the current collector thickness in the positive pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 10-16 um, because when the current collector thickness is smaller than 10um, the effect on heat dissipation is not obvious, otherwise, the larger the current collector thickness is, the better the heat dissipation effect is, but the smaller the energy density of the whole lithium ion battery is, the overall performance of the lithium ion battery is comprehensively considered, and the current collector thickness is not suggested to be set to be larger than 16 um.
Under the highly fixed condition of specific size lithium ion battery, the mass flow body thickness that will constitute in lithium ion battery's the negative pole piece sets up to 10 ~ 16um, the mass flow body thickness increases, the radiating rate when inefficacy is faster, so set up the mass flow body thickness that constitutes in lithium ion battery's the negative pole piece to 10 ~ 16um, because, when the mass flow body thickness is less than 10um, it is not obvious to radiating effect, otherwise the mass flow body thickness is bigger the radiating effect is better, but whole lithium ion battery's energy density is smaller, the overall performance of lithium ion battery is considered comprehensively, it sets up the mass flow body thickness to be greater than 16um not to suggest.
The width of a positive pole lug in a positive pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 1-3 mm, the thickness of the positive pole lug in the positive pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 50-150 um, the cross-sectional area of the positive pole lug is increased, and the heat dissipation speed is higher when the positive pole lug fails. The reason why the width of the positive pole tab in the positive pole piece forming the lithium ion battery is set to be 1-3 mm is that when the width of the positive pole tab is too small, the actual difficulty of production is increased, and the small cross section area is not beneficial to heat dissipation; in addition, the diameter of the battery cell product is limited, and the battery cell product is not suitable for a positive electrode lug with the width of more than 3 mm. The thickness of the positive pole lug in the positive pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 50-150 um, because when the thickness of the positive pole lug is less than 50um, the material is too soft, the production welding difficulty is high, the sectional area of the positive pole lug is small, and the heat dissipation is not facilitated; when the thickness of the positive pole lug is larger than 150um, the hardness is too high, the bending and welding difficulty is high, and the space is not saved.
The width of a negative electrode tab in a negative electrode plate of the lithium ion battery is set to be 1-3 mm, and the thickness of the negative electrode tab in the negative electrode plate of the lithium ion battery is set to be 50-150 um. The cross-sectional area of the negative electrode tab is increased, and the heat dissipation speed is higher when the negative electrode tab fails. The reason why the width of the negative pole tab in the negative pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 1-3 mm is that when the width of the negative pole tab is too small, the actual difficulty of production is increased, and the small cross-sectional area is not beneficial to heat dissipation; in addition, the diameter of the battery cell product is limited, and the battery cell is not suitable for a negative pole tab with the width larger than 3 mm. The thickness of the negative pole tab in the negative pole piece of the lithium ion battery is set to be 50-150 um, because the material is too soft when the thickness of the negative pole tab is less than 50um, the production welding difficulty is large, the cross section area of the negative pole tab is small, and the heat dissipation is not facilitated; when the cathode tab is larger than 150um, the hardness is too high, the bending and welding difficulty is high, and the space is not saved.
The formula that the cross-sectional area of the tab is favorable for a heat dissipation mechanism is as follows:
Q＝I2*R*t，
then
Wherein Q represents the heat generated by the polar ear during time t; i represents the current passing through; r represents tab resistance; t represents time; ρ represents the resistivity of the tab; l represents the tab length; s represents the cross-sectional area of the tab; when the lithium ion battery is short-circuited under the conditions of external puncture and the like, sudden large current passes through, and the accumulated heat is relatively less under the condition that the cross section area of the lug is larger; in the case of heat determination, the larger the tab cross-sectional area is, the faster the heat dissipation is.
The positive electrode lug is made of pure aluminum or aluminum alloy. The negative electrode tab is made of pure copper, or made of copper alloy, such as copper-nickel alloy.
The inside temperature gradient of utmost point ear heat dissipation can effectual reduction lithium ion battery, when lithium ion battery received outside puncture (acupuncture inefficacy) or short circuit, the proruption short circuit electric current can cause local reaction heat to pile up, continuously piles up and can take place out of control, and the temperature rises rapidly or even explodes on fire. At the moment, if the heat dissipation of the whole lithium ion battery is rapid and timely, the continuous accumulation of reaction heat can be fully balanced, and the range of the whole failure temperature can be effectively controlled.
The positive electrode material for forming the positive electrode plate of the lithium ion battery comprises a positive active substance, a conductive agent, a binder and an auxiliary additive; the conductive agent is one of carbon black, carbon nano-tubes and graphene; the binder is one of vinylidene fluoride (VF2), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), homopolymer of vinylidene fluoride and copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride, Hexafluoropropylene (HFP) and copolymer of vinylidene fluoride; the auxiliary additive is PVP auxiliary cosolvent. The positive active material is mainly lithium cobaltate doped with lithium iron phosphate or lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide or lithium titanate. When the positive active material is mainly lithium cobaltate and is doped with lithium iron phosphate, the doping proportion of the lithium iron phosphate is 3-10 percent; when the positive active material is mainly lithium cobaltate and is doped with nickel cobalt lithium manganate, the doping proportion of the nickel cobalt lithium manganate is 3-10%; when the positive active material is mainly lithium cobaltate and doped with lithium titanate, the doping proportion of the lithium titanate is 3-10%. The doped positive active material has a more stable structure, is not easy to accelerate oxygen release and aggravate temperature failure at high temperature, and balances the safety performance on the premise of balancing the performance and the energy density of the lithium ion battery.
The negative electrode material for forming the negative electrode plate of the lithium ion battery comprises a negative electrode active substance, a conductive agent, a binder and an auxiliary additive; the negative active material is a graphite negative material; the conductive agent is one of water-soluble carbon black, carbon nano-tubes and graphene; the binder is one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) and Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) latex; the auxiliary additive is distilled water; the negative electrode active material, the conductive agent, and the binder are mixed in distilled water to form a negative electrode slurry.
The safety failure temperature of the lithium ion battery is controlled by all the measures, the short circuit failure temperature is controlled within 100 ℃, and the needling failure temperature is controlled within 50 ℃.
Example 1: lithium cobaltate is doped with 3% -10% of one of lithium iron phosphate, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide and lithium titanate as a positive electrode active substance, a conductive agent, a binder and an auxiliary additive are added and mixed in an NMP solvent to form positive electrode slurry, wherein the NMP solvent plays a role of a solvent and is convenient for dissolving and dispersing other main materials to form the slurry. The method comprises the steps of coating positive electrode slurry on an aluminum foil current collector with the thickness within a range of 10um, wherein the coating thickness of the positive electrode slurry is 50-80 um (the coating thickness of the positive electrode slurry within the range has almost no influence on the failure temperature of a lithium ion battery), forming a positive electrode piece through baking and rolling (a conventional sectional negative pressure oven is adopted by baking equipment, the baking time is 12-20 hours, the baking temperature is 75-99 ℃, conventional pair-roller equipment is adopted by rolling equipment, the rolling pressure is 100-200T, the rolling speed is less than 30m/min), cutting, and ultrasonically welding a positive electrode lug to form the prepared standby positive electrode piece, wherein the width of the positive electrode aluminium lug is 1mm, and the thickness of the positive electrode aluminium lug is 50 um. The negative electrode active material, the conductive agent and the binder are mixed in an aqueous solvent (such as distilled water) to form negative electrode slurry, wherein the distilled water plays a role of the solvent and is convenient for dissolving and dispersing other main materials to form the slurry. The method comprises the steps of coating a copper foil current collector with the thickness of 10um, wherein the coating thickness of the negative electrode slurry is 60-90 um (the coating thickness of the negative electrode slurry in the range has almost no influence on the failure temperature of the lithium ion battery), forming a negative electrode plate by baking and rolling (a conventional vacuum oven is adopted by baking equipment, the baking time is 12-20 hours, the baking temperature is 75-99 ℃), a conventional pair roller equipment is adopted by rolling equipment, the rolling pressure is 100-200T, the rolling speed is less than 30m/min), cutting, and ultrasonically welding a negative electrode copper lug to form the prepared standby negative electrode plate, wherein the width of the negative electrode copper lug is 1mm, and the thickness of the negative electrode copper lug is 50 um. A proper diaphragm is arranged between the prepared positive plate and the prepared negative plate at intervals, the diaphragm is a PP and PE composite three-base film, or the PP and PE composite three-base film is coated with 1-2 um nano-scale aluminum oxide on one side or two sides; the thickness of the diaphragm is 5-15 um; the diaphragm has the functions of isolating the short circuit of the anode and cathode materials, not blocking ion transmission and completing charge and discharge. Wound into a core in an array as shown in figure 1. After the roll core is placed into the shell, the positive pole tab is welded to the positive pole cover plate through laser, the negative pole tab is welded to the negative pole bottom cover through resistance welding, electrolyte is injected after the negative pole bottom cover is welded in a circular seam mode, the whole lithium ion battery is manufactured after the last positive pole circular seam welding is completed, and the assembling process is shown in fig. 2.
Example 2: the difference between example 2 and example 1 is that: the mass flow body thickness in the positive pole piece is 12um, and the mass flow body thickness in the negative pole piece is 12um, and the positive pole utmost point ear width in the positive pole piece is 1.5mm, and the positive pole utmost point ear thickness in the positive pole piece is 70um, and the negative pole utmost point ear width in the negative pole piece is 1.5mm, and the negative pole utmost point ear thickness in the negative pole piece is 70 um.
Example 3: example 3 differs from example 1 in that: the mass flow body thickness in the positive pole piece is 14um, and the mass flow body thickness in the negative pole piece is 14um, and the positive pole utmost point ear width in the positive pole piece is 2mm, and the positive pole utmost point ear thickness in the positive pole piece is 100um, and the negative pole utmost point ear width in the negative pole piece is 2mm, and the negative pole utmost point ear thickness in the negative pole piece is 100 um.
Example 4: example 4 differs from example 1 in that: the mass flow body thickness in the positive pole piece is 16um, and the mass flow body thickness in the negative pole piece is 16um, and the positive pole utmost point ear width in the positive pole piece is 3mm, and the positive pole utmost point ear thickness in the positive pole piece is 150um, and the negative pole utmost point ear width in the negative pole piece is 3mm, and the negative pole utmost point ear thickness in the negative pole piece is 150 um.
The specific test results for each example are shown in the following table:
the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equally replaced or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A process method for reducing the safety failure temperature of a lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps: the mass flow body thickness that will constitute in lithium ion battery's the positive pole piece sets up to 10 ~ 16um, the mass flow body thickness that will constitute in lithium ion battery's the negative pole piece sets up to 10 ~ 16um, the positive pole utmost point ear width that will constitute in lithium ion battery's the positive pole piece sets up to 1 ~ 3mm, the positive pole utmost point ear thickness that will constitute in lithium ion battery's the positive pole piece sets up to 50 ~ 150um, the negative pole utmost point ear width that will constitute in lithium ion battery's the negative pole piece sets up to 1 ~ 3mm, the negative pole utmost point ear thickness that will constitute in lithium ion battery's the negative pole piece sets up to 50 ~ 150 um.
2. The process method for reducing the safety failure temperature of the lithium ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the formula that the cross-sectional area of the tab is favorable for a heat dissipation mechanism is as follows:
Q＝I2*R*t，
then
Wherein Q represents the heat generated by the polar ear during time t; i represents the current passing through; r represents tab resistance; t represents time; ρ represents the resistivity of the tab; l represents the tab length; s represents the cross-sectional area of the tab; when the lithium ion battery is in short circuit, sudden large current passes through, and the accumulated heat is relatively less under the condition that the cross section area of the lug is larger; in the case of heat determination, the larger the tab cross-sectional area is, the faster the heat dissipation is.
3. The process method for reducing the safety failure temperature of the lithium ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the positive electrode material for forming the positive electrode plate of the lithium ion battery comprises a positive active substance, a conductive agent, a binder and an auxiliary additive; the conductive agent is one of carbon black, carbon nano-tubes and graphene; the binder is one of vinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, homopolymer of vinylidene fluoride, copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride and copolymer of hexafluoropropylene and vinylidene fluoride; the auxiliary additive is PVP auxiliary cosolvent.
4. The process method for reducing the safety failure temperature of the lithium ion battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: the positive active material is mainly lithium cobaltate doped with lithium iron phosphate or lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide or lithium titanate.
5. The process method for reducing the safety failure temperature of the lithium ion battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: when the positive active material is mainly lithium cobaltate and is doped with lithium iron phosphate, the doping proportion of the lithium iron phosphate is 3-10 percent; when the positive active material is mainly lithium cobaltate and is doped with nickel cobalt lithium manganate, the doping proportion of the nickel cobalt lithium manganate is 3-10%; when the positive active material is mainly lithium cobaltate and doped with lithium titanate, the doping proportion of the lithium titanate is 3-10%.
6. The process method for reducing the safety failure temperature of the lithium ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the negative electrode material for forming the negative electrode plate of the lithium ion battery comprises a negative electrode active substance, a conductive agent, a binder and an auxiliary additive; the negative active material is a graphite negative material; the conductive agent is one of water-soluble carbon black, carbon nano-tubes and graphene; the binder is one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and styrene butadiene rubber latex; the auxiliary additive is an auxiliary cosolvent of distilled water; the negative electrode active material, the conductive agent and the binder are dissolved in distilled water to form negative electrode slurry.
7. The process method for reducing the safety failure temperature of the lithium ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the positive electrode lug adopts a positive electrode aluminum lug.
8. The process method for reducing the safety failure temperature of the lithium ion battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: the positive electrode aluminum tab is made of pure aluminum, or the positive electrode aluminum tab is made of aluminum alloy.
9. The process method for reducing the safety failure temperature of the lithium ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the negative electrode lug adopts a negative electrode copper lug.
10. The process method for reducing the safety failure temperature of the lithium ion battery according to claim 9, characterized in that: the negative electrode copper tab is made of pure copper, or the negative electrode copper tab is made of copper alloy.
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