CN114300719B - Hydrogen recovery device and fuel cell system test bench - Google Patents
Hydrogen recovery device and fuel cell system test bench Download PDFInfo
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- CN114300719B CN114300719B CN202111619466.6A CN202111619466A CN114300719B CN 114300719 B CN114300719 B CN 114300719B CN 202111619466 A CN202111619466 A CN 202111619466A CN 114300719 B CN114300719 B CN 114300719B
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 266
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 266
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 235
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 188
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 172
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrogen recovery device and a fuel cell system test bench, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen recovery. The invention relates to a hydrogen recovery device and a fuel cell system test bench, which comprise a hydrogen adsorption assembly, an air inlet regulation assembly, a heating element and a switch regulation assembly, wherein the hydrogen adsorption assembly comprises a plurality of adsorption tubes which are arranged in parallel, and the adsorption tubes are used for adsorbing hydrogen in hydrogen-containing gas introduced into the adsorption tubes; the gas inlet regulating and controlling component is used for conveying the hydrogen-containing gas with the set temperature and the set pressure to the plurality of adsorption pipes; the heating piece is used for heating the plurality of adsorption tubes; the switch regulating and controlling component can selectively connect or disconnect the plurality of adsorption pipes with the gas inlet regulating and controlling component or the exhaust pipeline or the hydrogen exhaust pipeline. The plurality of adsorption pipes can adsorb and recycle hydrogen in the hydrogen-containing gas, and the gas inlet regulating and controlling assembly can regulate the temperature and the pressure of the hydrogen-containing gas, thereby being beneficial to improving the hydrogen adsorption rate; the heating element and the switch regulating and controlling component can be utilized to enable the inside of the adsorption tube to reach desorption conditions for hydrogen desorption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen recovery, in particular to a hydrogen recovery device and a fuel cell system test bench.
Background
The system test of the fuel cell system can assist in quickly knowing the performance of the fuel cell system, and knowing the influence change of the fuel condition of the fuel cell system on the performance of the fuel cell system, helps to study the influence of factors such as fuel flow, humidity, temperature, pressure and the like on the performance of the fuel cell system so as to improve the overall performance and reliability of the fuel cell system.
The hydrogen fuel cell car is one of the most widely applied industries of hydrogen energy, and the existing hydrogen fuel cell system has the advantages of small volume, large capacity, zero emission and no pollution.
During performance testing of hydrogen fuel cell systems using test racks, a large amount of hydrogen is used, some of which is not consumed and eventually is exhausted through the exhaust line. Pure hydrogen does not exist in nature, but in the prior art, the hydrogen mixed in tail gas is usually directly discharged into the atmosphere, so that environmental pollution is easy to cause, hydrogen waste is also caused, and the utilization rate is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrogen recovery device and a fuel cell system test bench, which can adsorb hydrogen in hydrogen-containing gas and desorb the adsorbed hydrogen so as to realize the purpose of recovering hydrogen, improve the utilization rate of hydrogen and reduce waste.
In order to achieve the above object, the following technical scheme is provided:
in one aspect, there is provided a hydrogen recovery apparatus comprising:
the hydrogen adsorption assembly comprises a plurality of adsorption pipes which are arranged in parallel and are used for adsorbing hydrogen in the hydrogen-containing gas introduced into the adsorption pipes;
the gas inlet regulating and controlling assembly is used for conveying the hydrogen-containing gas with the set temperature and the set pressure to the adsorption tubes;
the heating piece is used for heating the adsorption pipes so as to maintain the air temperature in the adsorption pipes at a set temperature II;
and the switch regulating and controlling assembly can selectively connect or disconnect a plurality of adsorption pipes with the gas inlet regulating and controlling assembly, the exhaust pipeline or the hydrogen discharge pipeline.
As an alternative scheme of the hydrogen recovery device, the adsorption tube is made of magnesium hydrogen storage alloy;
preferably, the magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy is Mg 2 Cu、Mg 2 Ca and Mg 1.92 Al 0.08 One of Ni.
As an alternative scheme of the hydrogen recovery device, the gas inlet regulating and controlling assembly comprises a gas inlet pipeline, and the gas inlet pipeline is connected with a plurality of adsorption pipes;
the gas inlet regulating and controlling component further comprises a gas inlet pressure regulating and controlling component which is used for regulating the pressure of the hydrogen-containing gas in the gas inlet pipeline so as to maintain the pressure of the hydrogen-containing gas in the gas inlet pipeline at the set pressure.
As an alternative of the hydrogen recovery device, the air inlet regulating assembly further includes an air inlet temperature regulating assembly, and the air inlet temperature regulating assembly includes:
the inlet air temperature detection piece is used for detecting the temperature of the hydrogen-containing gas in the inlet air pipeline;
the heat exchanger is arranged in the gas inlet pipeline and can selectively heat or cool the hydrogen-containing gas in the gas inlet pipeline according to the detection result of the gas inlet temperature detection piece so as to maintain the temperature of the hydrogen-containing gas in the gas inlet pipeline at the first set temperature.
As an alternative scheme of the hydrogen recovery device, the gas inlet regulating and controlling assembly further comprises a plurality of gas storage pieces, wherein the plurality of gas storage pieces are used for storing the hydrogen-containing gas; the plurality of gas storage pieces can be selectively communicated with or disconnected from the gas inlet pipeline and the tail gas pipeline for discharging the hydrogen-containing gas.
As an alternative of the hydrogen recovery device, the gas inlet pipe is connected with a plurality of the adsorption pipes through a distribution head, and the distribution head comprises:
the distribution main pipe is connected with the gas inlet pipeline at one end;
and one end of each distribution manifold is connected with the other end of the main distribution pipe, and the other ends of the distribution manifolds are connected with the adsorption pipes in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
As an alternative scheme of the hydrogen recovery device, the hydrogen adsorption assembly further comprises an adsorption temperature detection member for detecting the air temperature in the adsorption tube;
preferably, the hydrogen adsorption assembly further comprises a hydrogen concentration detection member for detecting the concentration of hydrogen in the adsorption tube;
preferably, the hydrogen adsorbing assembly further comprises an adsorption pressure detecting member for detecting the gas pressure in the adsorption tube.
As an alternative to the hydrogen recovery device, the adsorption tube extends along a first direction, and the adsorption tube has a linear, spiral, wavy, or zigzag structure in the first direction.
As an alternative scheme of the hydrogen recovery device, the hydrogen recovery device further comprises an inner box, wherein a plurality of adsorption pipes are arranged in the inner box; preferably, the inner box is made of heat insulation materials.
As an alternative scheme of the hydrogen recovery device, the hydrogen recovery device further comprises a hydrogen storage part, wherein a hydrogen discharge three-way valve is arranged on the hydrogen discharge pipeline and is respectively communicated with the exhaust pipeline and the hydrogen storage part;
preferably, the hydrogen discharge pipeline is also provided with a vacuum pump.
In another aspect, there is provided a fuel cell system test bench comprising a hydrogen reclamation apparatus as described in any of the preceding claims.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the hydrogen recovery device and the fuel cell system test bench, the plurality of adsorption pipes can adsorb and recover hydrogen in the hydrogen-containing gas, so that the hydrogen-containing gas can be prevented from being directly discharged into the atmosphere to pollute the environment; the gas inlet regulating and controlling component can regulate the temperature and pressure of the hydrogen-containing gas, thereby meeting the adsorption conditions of the adsorption tube and being beneficial to improving the hydrogen adsorption rate; the heating piece and the switch regulating and controlling component can be utilized to enable the inside of the adsorption tube to reach desorption conditions, so that hydrogen desorption is carried out, the purpose of hydrogen recycling is achieved, the hydrogen utilization rate is improved, and waste is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention showing a plurality of adsorption tubes;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a dispensing head according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the adsorption tube and the heating element in an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
100. a fuel cell system; 101. a tail gas pipeline; 103. a tail gas pressure detecting member;
1. an air inlet regulating and controlling component; 11. a gas storage member; 111. an air supply switch valve; 12. a three-way diverter valve; 13. an air inlet pipeline; 131. an air inlet switch valve; 14. an air compressor; 15. a heat exchanger; 16. an intake air temperature detecting member;
2. a hydrogen adsorption assembly; 21. an adsorption tube; 22. an adsorption temperature detecting member; 23. a hydrogen concentration detecting member; 24. an adsorption pressure detecting member;
3. a heating member;
5. an exhaust line; 51. an exhaust valve;
6. a hydrogen discharge pipeline; 61. a hydrogen discharge valve; 62. a hydrogen discharge three-way valve;
7. a dispensing head; 71. distributing a main pipe; 72. a distribution manifold;
81. an inner box; 82. an outer case;
91. a hydrogen storage member; 92. a vacuum pump;
10. and an exhaust member.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed", "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrally connected; either mechanically or electrically. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
During performance testing of hydrogen fuel cell systems using test racks, a large amount of hydrogen is used, some of which is not consumed and eventually is exhausted through the exhaust line. Pure hydrogen does not exist in nature, but in the prior art, the hydrogen mixed in tail gas is usually directly discharged into the atmosphere, so that environmental pollution is easy to cause, hydrogen waste is also caused, and the utilization rate is low.
In order to solve the above-described problems, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a fuel cell system test bench including a hydrogen recovery device. The hydrogen recovery device is used for recovering hydrogen in hydrogen-containing gas, in this embodiment, the hydrogen-containing gas is gas discharged from the fuel cell system 100, and hydrogen in the gas discharged from the fuel cell system 100 in the testing process is recovered by using the hydrogen recovery device, so that waste can be avoided, the hydrogen utilization rate is improved, and the hydrogen is prevented from directly discharging into the atmosphere to pollute the environment.
The hydrogen recovery device comprises an inlet gas regulating and controlling assembly 1, a hydrogen adsorbing assembly 2, a heating piece 3 and a switch regulating and controlling assembly, wherein the hydrogen adsorbing assembly 2 comprises a plurality of adsorbing pipes 21 which are arranged in parallel, and the adsorbing pipes 21 are used for adsorbing hydrogen in hydrogen-containing gas introduced into the hydrogen adsorbing pipes; the gas inlet regulating and controlling assembly 1 is used for conveying hydrogen-containing gas with set temperature and set pressure to the plurality of adsorption pipes 21; the heating element 3 is used for heating the plurality of adsorption pipes 21 so as to maintain the air temperature in the adsorption pipes 21 at a set temperature II; the switch regulating assembly can selectively connect or disconnect the plurality of adsorption tubes 21 to or from the inlet regulating assembly 1 or the exhaust line 5 or the hydrogen exhaust line 6. The exhaust pipeline 5 is used for exhausting waste gas generated after the adsorption pipe 21 adsorbs hydrogen, the hydrogen exhaust pipeline 6 is used for exhausting hydrogen generated after the adsorption pipe 21 carries out hydrogen desorption, and the two pipelines are used for separating exhaust, so that the purity of the hydrogen is improved.
The plurality of adsorption pipes 21 can adsorb and recycle the hydrogen in the hydrogen-containing gas, so that the hydrogen-containing gas can be prevented from being directly discharged into the atmosphere to pollute the environment; the gas inlet regulating and controlling component 1 can regulate the temperature and the pressure of the hydrogen-containing gas, thereby meeting the adsorption conditions of the materials used by the adsorption tube 21 and being beneficial to improving the hydrogen adsorption rate; the heating element 3 and the switch regulating and controlling component can be utilized to enable the inside of the adsorption tube 21 to reach desorption conditions, so that hydrogen desorption is carried out, the purpose of recycling hydrogen is achieved, the hydrogen utilization rate is improved, and waste is reduced.
Alternatively, the adsorption tube 21 is made of a magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy. The magnesium hydrogen storage alloy has the advantages of high hydrogen storage quantity, rich resources and low cost, is beneficial to reducing the cost and is easy to popularize and apply. Alternatively, the magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy is Mg 2 Cu、Mg 2 Ca and Mg 1.92 Al 0.08 One of Ni can increase the speed of hydrogen absorption and desorption by adding Cu, ca, al and rare earth metals, which is beneficial to improving the working efficiency of hydrogen recovery.
Optionally, the gas inlet regulating assembly 1 includes a plurality of gas storage members 11, and each of the plurality of gas storage members 11 is configured to store a hydrogen-containing gas. The plurality of gas storage members 11 can be selectively connected to or disconnected from the off-gas line 101 for discharging the hydrogen-containing gas to collect and store the hydrogen-containing gas discharged from the off-gas line 101 by using the gas storage members 11. Illustratively, the plurality of gas storage members 11 are connected with the exhaust gas pipeline 101 through a multi-way flow dividing valve, when collecting the hydrogen-containing gas, the multi-way flow dividing valve can select which gas storage member 11 the hydrogen-containing gas specifically enters, and the exhaust gas pipeline 101 is further provided with an exhaust gas pressure detecting member 103, and illustratively, the exhaust gas pressure detecting member 103 is a pressure sensor for detecting the exhaust gas pressure. In this embodiment, the hydrogen recovery device is applied to the fuel cell test bench to process the tail gas generated by the fuel cell system 100, specifically, the outlets of the anode tail line, the safety relief valve, and the like of the fuel cell system 100 are connected to the plurality of gas storage pieces 11 through the tail gas pipeline 101. In order to meet the test requirements, it is necessary to ensure that excessive gas fluctuations do not occur when switching the gas storage 11 so as not to affect the fuel cell system test results. In this embodiment, two gas storage pieces 11 are provided, the tail gas pipeline 101 is connected with the inlet of the three-way diverter valve 12, and the two gas storage pieces 11 are respectively connected with the two outlets of the three-way diverter valve 12. Of course, in other embodiments, one, three or more gas storage members 11 may be provided, and may be specifically selected according to the requirements.
Further, the air inlet regulating assembly 1 further comprises an air inlet pipeline 13, the plurality of air storage pieces 11 can be selectively communicated with or disconnected from one end of the air inlet pipeline 13, and the other end of the air inlet pipeline 13 is connected with the plurality of adsorption pipes 21. Specifically, the plurality of gas storage pieces 11 are respectively connected with the gas inlet pipeline 13 through a plurality of connecting pipelines, each connecting pipeline is provided with a gas supply switch valve 111, and the gas storage pieces 11 can be controlled to be connected with or disconnected from the gas inlet pipeline 13 through the gas supply switch valves 111. The end of the gas inlet pipeline 13 connected with the plurality of adsorption pipes 21 is also provided with a gas inlet switch valve 131, so that the gas inlet pipeline 13 is controlled to be connected with or disconnected from the plurality of adsorption pipes 21 through the gas inlet switch valve 131.
Further, the gas inlet regulating assembly 1 further comprises a gas inlet pressure regulating member for regulating the pressure of the hydrogen-containing gas in the gas inlet pipeline 13 so as to maintain the pressure of the hydrogen-containing gas in the gas inlet pipeline 13 at a set pressure. Illustratively, the air inlet pressure control unit is an air compressor 14, and the air compressor 14 is used to suck out and compress the hydrogen-containing gas in the air storage unit 11 to a set pressure, and then the hydrogen-containing gas is conveyed to the plurality of adsorption tubes 21 through the air inlet pipeline 13. Further, the air inlet regulating assembly 1 further includes an air inlet temperature regulating assembly, the air inlet temperature regulating assembly includes a heat exchanger 15 and an air inlet temperature detecting member 16, the air inlet temperature detecting member 16 is illustratively a temperature sensor, the air inlet temperature detecting member 16 is used for detecting the temperature of the hydrogen-containing gas in the air inlet pipeline 13, the heat exchanger 15 is arranged in the air inlet pipeline 13, and the heat exchanger 15 can selectively heat or cool the hydrogen-containing gas in the air inlet pipeline 13 according to the detection result of the air inlet temperature detecting member 16, so that the temperature of the hydrogen-containing gas in the air inlet pipeline 13 is maintained at the set temperature. Specifically, the air inlet temperature detecting member 16 is located between the air compressor 14 and the heat exchanger 15, and when the air inlet temperature detecting member 16 detects that the temperature of the compressed hydrogen-containing gas is too high, the heat exchanger 15 can be utilized to feed the hydrogen-containing gas into the air inlet pipeline 13Cooling; similarly, when the temperature detecting member 16 detects that the temperature of the compressed hydrogen-containing gas is too low, the heat exchanger 15 may also be used to raise the temperature of the hydrogen-containing gas in the gas inlet pipeline 13, so that the hydrogen-containing gas delivered to the adsorption tube 21 is maintained at the first set temperature, and the adsorption condition of the material used for the adsorption tube 21 is satisfied. The above-mentioned value of the first set pressure and the first set temperature is combined with the material used for the adsorption tube 21, for example, mg 2 The hydrogen adsorption pressure of Cu is 1Mpa, the adsorption temperature is 150 ℃, under the condition, mg 2 The adsorption efficiency of Cu is relatively high. The temperature and pressure of the hydrogen-containing gas entering the adsorption tube 21 can be regulated by the inlet air temperature regulating and controlling component so as to meet the adsorption conditions of the materials used by the adsorption tube 21, thereby being beneficial to improving the adsorption efficiency of the adsorption tube 21 and further improving the hydrogen recovery amount.
Alternatively, the gas inlet pipeline 13 is connected with the gas inlet ends of the plurality of adsorption tubes 21 through a distribution head 7, the distribution head 7 comprises a distribution main pipe 71 and a plurality of distribution manifolds 72, and one end of the distribution main pipe 71 is connected with the gas inlet pipeline 13; one end of each of the plurality of distribution manifolds 72 is connected to the other end of the distribution main pipe 71, and the other ends of the plurality of distribution manifolds 72 are connected to the plurality of adsorption pipes 21 in one-to-one correspondence. Corresponding to the distribution main pipe 71 being a pipe body with one end open and one end closed, one end of each of the distribution manifolds 72 is disposed through the closed end of the pipe body, and is further communicated with the open end of the distribution main pipe 71. The distribution head 7 is adopted to connect the air inlet pipeline 13 and the adsorption pipes 21, so that the butt joint of the adsorption pipes 21 with smaller pipe diameters and the air inlet pipeline 13 with larger pipe diameters is realized, the operation is convenient, and the gas leakage phenomenon can not occur.
Further, the exhaust ends of the adsorption tubes 21 are joined together by the distribution head 7 to form an exhaust port, so as to be conveniently butted with the exhaust pipeline 5 and the hydrogen discharge pipeline 6, and the exhaust pipeline 5 and the hydrogen discharge pipeline 6 are connected with the exhaust port.
Optionally, the hydrogen gas adsorption assembly 2 further includes an adsorption temperature detecting member 22, a hydrogen gas concentration detecting member 23, and an adsorption pressure detecting member 24, and the adsorption temperature detecting member 22 is illustratively a temperature sensor, and the adsorption temperature detecting member 22 is configured to detect the air temperature in the adsorption tube 21; illustratively, the hydrogen concentration detecting member 23 is a hydrogen concentration sensor, and the hydrogen concentration detecting member 23 is configured to detect the hydrogen concentration in the adsorption tube 21; illustratively, the adsorption pressure detecting member 24 is a pressure sensor, and the adsorption pressure detecting member 24 is for detecting the air pressure inside the adsorption tube 21. After the adsorption is completed, when the hydrogen desorption is required, the heating element 3 can be used for heating the adsorption tube 21, the temperature in the adsorption tube 21 is monitored in real time through the adsorption temperature detecting element 22 until the desorption temperature of the material used for the adsorption tube 21 is reached, and meanwhile, the hydrogen concentration in the adsorption tube 21 can be monitored in real time through the hydrogen concentration detecting element 23 to judge whether the hydrogen desorption is completed or not, and for example, when the detected value of the hydrogen concentration detecting element 23 is kept for 30 seconds without change, the hydrogen desorption process is considered to be completed. In addition, the pressure in the adsorption tube 21 can be detected in real time by using the adsorption pressure detecting member 24 to determine whether the desorption condition of the material used for the adsorption tube 21 is reached. By the arrangement, the optimal desorption condition of the material used for the adsorption tube 21 can be simulated, which is beneficial to improving the hydrogen desorption rate.
Optionally, the hydrogen recycling device further comprises a hydrogen storage part 91, the hydrogen discharge pipeline 6 is provided with a hydrogen discharge three-way valve 62, and the hydrogen discharge three-way valve 62 is respectively communicated with the exhaust pipeline 5 and the hydrogen storage part 91. The desorbed hydrogen gas may be stored in the hydrogen storage member 91 for convenient timely collection and storage of the hydrogen gas. Specifically, the hydrogen discharge pipeline 6 and the exhaust pipeline 5 are connected in parallel between the exhaust end of the adsorption pipe 21 and the exhaust member 10, the exhaust pipeline 5 is provided with an exhaust valve 51, the hydrogen discharge pipeline 6 is further provided with a hydrogen discharge valve 61, an inlet of the hydrogen discharge three-way valve 62 is connected with the hydrogen discharge pipeline 6, one of two outlets of the hydrogen discharge three-way valve 62 is connected with the hydrogen storage member 91, the other is connected with the exhaust member 10, and the hydrogen discharge pipeline 6 can be controlled to be selectively communicated with the exhaust member 10 or the hydrogen storage member 91 through the hydrogen discharge three-way valve 62.
The above-mentioned switch control assembly includes an inlet switch valve 131, an exhaust valve 51, and a hydrogen discharge valve 61, and specifically, the inlet switch valve 131 can selectively connect or disconnect the inlet ends of the plurality of adsorption tubes 21 to or from the inlet control assembly 1, the exhaust valve 51 can selectively connect or disconnect the exhaust ends of the plurality of adsorption tubes 21 to or from the exhaust line 5, and the hydrogen discharge valve 61 can selectively connect or disconnect the exhaust ends of the plurality of adsorption tubes 21 to or from the hydrogen discharge line 6.
Optionally, a vacuum pump 92 is further disposed on the hydrogen discharge pipeline 6, and the vacuum pump 92 is located between the hydrogen discharge valve 61 and the hydrogen discharge three-way valve 62. After the adsorption tube 21 adsorbs hydrogen, the vacuum pump 92 can suck out the waste gas generated after adsorption in the adsorption tube 21, and the air pressure in the adsorption tube 21 reaches the desorption pressure of the material used by the adsorption tube 21, which is beneficial to improving the hydrogen desorption rate. The exhaust gas or hydrogen gas generated after the adsorption in the adsorption tube 21 may be sucked out by the vacuum pump 92, and the gas in the adsorption tube 21 may be entirely discharged.
Alternatively, the adsorption tube 21 extends in the first direction, and the adsorption tube 21 has a linear, spiral, wavy, or zigzag structure in the first direction. In order to reduce the space occupied by the plurality of adsorption tubes 21 and to increase the contact area of the inner wall of the adsorption tube 21 with the hydrogen-containing gas, it is preferable that the adsorption tube 21 has a spiral, wavy or zigzag structure in the first direction.
Optionally, the hydrogen recovery device further includes an inner tank 81, and the plurality of adsorption tubes 21 are disposed in the inner tank 81. The plurality of adsorption tubes 21 arranged in parallel are arranged in the inner box 81, so that the plurality of adsorption tubes 21 and the inner box 81 can be fixed to form a whole, and after the hydrogen is adsorbed, the whole is convenient to detach from the hydrogen recovery device and move to other places to be used as a hydrogen source. In the inner case 81, a spacing material is filled between the plurality of adsorption tubes 21 to support and spacing the adsorption tubes 21, thereby preventing the adsorption tubes 21 from moving or deforming. In this embodiment, the pipe diameters of the adsorption pipes 21 may be the same or different, and the same pipe diameter facilitates the connection between pipes; the different pipe diameters can enable the inner box 81 to accommodate more adsorption pipes 21 so as to improve the hydrogen adsorption rate.
Further, the distribution manifold 72 is connected to the corresponding suction pipe 21 through a transfer pipe, so that the assembly and disassembly are facilitated when the above-described whole formed by the plurality of suction pipes 21 and the inner box 81 is replaced. The adapter tube is made of high-density polyethylene or ultra-high-density polyethylene so as to meet the requirement of conveying high-pressure gas.
Alternatively, the inner case 81 is made of a heat insulating material. When the hydrogen desorption is carried out, the adsorption tube 21 needs to be heated, and the inner box 81 made of the heat insulation material can reduce heat loss and energy consumption.
Optionally, the hydrogen recovery device further includes an outer case 82, and the inner case 81 is disposed in the outer case 82. The outer box 82 is made of sectional materials, mainly plays roles of packaging and supporting, and is convenient to maintain.
Optionally, the heating element 3 is an electric heating wire wound around the periphery of each adsorption tube 21, and the tube body of the adsorption tube 21 is fully covered with the electric heating wire, which is favorable for uniformly heating the adsorption tube 21, thereby improving the dehydrogenization rate. The heating element 3 may be a heater provided in the inner case 81, and the air in the inner case 81 may be heated by the heater, and the plurality of adsorption tubes 21 may be heated by the hot air. Of course, the heating element 3 may have other heating structures, so long as the heating element can heat the adsorption tube 21 to maintain the temperature in the adsorption tube 21 at the set temperature, which is not described herein. It should be noted that the second set temperature is selected by combining the material of the adsorption tube 21, such as Mg 2 The hydrogen desorption temperature of Cu is 150 ℃, under the condition, mg 2 The desorption efficiency of Cu is relatively high.
Illustratively, the working principle of the hydrogen recovery device of the present embodiment is:
and (5) sucking and discharging air: taking two gas storage pieces 11 as an example, the two gas storage pieces 11 are respectively denoted as a first gas storage piece and a second gas storage piece. When the gas storage pieces 11 are inflated, the two gas supply switch valves 111 are closed, different gas storage pieces 11 are switched by the three-way diverter valve 12, and excessive gas fluctuation is avoided in the switching process. When the first air storage piece is full, the three-way flow dividing valve 12 controls the switching to only charge the second air storage piece, and at the moment, the inlet corresponding to the first air storage piece is closed. The air supply switch valve 111 corresponding to the first air storage piece is controlled to be opened, and the first air storage piece corresponds to the air release state. At this time, the gas inlet switch valve 131 is controlled to be opened, the gas outlet valve 51 is closed, the hydrogen-containing gas is sucked out through the air compressor 14 and compressed to a set pressure (i.e. the adsorption pressure of the material used for the adsorption tube 21, for example, 1 Mpa), then the temperature of the compressed hydrogen-containing gas in the gas inlet pipeline 13 is controlled to be not higher than a set temperature (i.e. the adsorption temperature of the material used for the adsorption tube 21, for example, 150 ℃) by the gas inlet temperature detecting member 16 and the heat exchanger 15, then the temperature-regulated hydrogen-containing gas enters the adsorption tube 21, and after a certain amount of hydrogen-containing gas is injected into the adsorption tube 21, the gas inlet switch valve 131 is closed, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen-containing gas is adsorbed by the adsorption tube 21.
Hydrogen adsorption: when the hydrogen is adsorbed, the adsorption pressure detecting member 24 is used for checking that the air pressure in the adsorption tube 21 is kept at the set pressure again, the adsorption temperature detecting member 22 and the heating member 3 are used for keeping the air temperature in the adsorption tube 21 at the set temperature, meanwhile, the hydrogen concentration detecting member 23 is used for detecting the hydrogen concentration in the adsorption tube 21 in real time, and then the state is kept for 3min or when the hydrogen concentration detected by the hydrogen concentration detecting member 23 is lower than 5%, the hydrogen adsorption process is considered to be completed.
Exhaust emission: after the hydrogen adsorption process is completed, the heating member 3 is controlled to stop heating. The gas inlet switch valve 131 and the hydrogen discharge valve 61 are controlled to be kept closed, the exhaust valve 51 is opened, and the gas pressure in the adsorption pipe 21 is about 1Mpa, so that the exhaust gas generated after the adsorption in the adsorption pipe 21 can enter the exhaust pipeline 5 through the exhaust valve 51 and finally be discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust member 10. When the adsorption pressure detecting member 24 detects that the air pressure in the adsorption tube 21 is not more than 0.15Mpa, the exhaust gas discharging process is considered to be completed, and then the exhaust valve 51 is controlled to be closed after a delay of 5 minutes.
And (3) hydrogen desorption: when the fluctuation of the signal of the hydrogen concentration sensor is less than 80% in three consecutive hydrogen adsorption processes, or 1000 consecutive hydrogen adsorption processes are completed, the adsorption tube 21 is considered to adsorb hydrogen to reach a saturated state, and then hydrogen desorption is started.
The hydrogen desorption is divided into three steps:
in the first step, the hydrogen discharge valve 61 is controlled to open, the vacuum pump 92 is started to suck out the exhaust gas generated after the adsorption in the adsorption tube 21, and the hydrogen discharge three-way valve 62 is controlled to connect the hydrogen discharge pipeline 6 with the exhaust member 10, so that the exhaust gas is discharged to the atmosphere through the exhaust member 10. When the adsorption pressure detecting member 24 detects that the air pressure in the adsorption tube 21 is not more than 0.15Mpa, the hydrogen discharge valve 61 is controlled to be closed, and both ends of the adsorption tube 21 are closed at this time.
In the second step, the heating member 3 is controlled to be activated to heat the adsorption tube 21 so that the air temperature in the adsorption tube 21 is maintained at a set temperature of two (i.e., the desorption temperature of the material used for the adsorption tube 21, for example, 200 ℃) and this state is maintained for 5 minutes. In this process, the hydrogen concentration sensor detects the hydrogen concentration in the adsorption tube 21 in real time, and when the value measured by the hydrogen concentration sensor is kept for 30 seconds without any change, the hydrogen desorption process is considered to be completed.
In the third step, the hydrogen discharge valve 61 is controlled to be opened, and the hydrogen discharge three-way valve 62 is controlled to connect the hydrogen discharge pipe 6 with the hydrogen storage member 91, so that the desorbed hydrogen gas enters the hydrogen storage member 91 for storage. In this process, the vacuum pump 92 may be controlled to be turned on to suck out all the hydrogen gas in the adsorption tube 21 and send it into the hydrogen storage member 91.
Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principle applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, while the invention has been described in connection with the above embodiments, the invention is not limited to the embodiments, but may be embodied in many other equivalent forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is set forth in the following claims.
Claims (11)
1. A hydrogen reclamation apparatus, characterized by comprising:
the hydrogen gas adsorption assembly (2), the hydrogen gas adsorption assembly (2) comprises a plurality of adsorption pipes (21) which are arranged in parallel, and the adsorption pipes (21) are used for adsorbing the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen-containing gas introduced into the adsorption pipes;
an inlet gas regulating and controlling assembly (1) for conveying the hydrogen-containing gas with a set temperature and a set pressure to a plurality of adsorption tubes (21);
a heating element (3) for heating the plurality of adsorption tubes (21) so as to maintain the air temperature in the adsorption tubes (21) at a set temperature II;
the switch regulating and controlling assembly can selectively enable the adsorption pipes (21) to be communicated with or disconnected from the air inlet regulating and controlling assembly (1), the exhaust pipeline (5) or the hydrogen exhaust pipeline (6), and the heating piece (3) and the switch regulating and controlling assembly can enable the adsorption pipes (21) to reach desorption conditions for hydrogen desorption.
2. The hydrogen reclamation apparatus as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the adsorption tube (21) is made of a magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy;
the magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy is Mg 2 Cu、Mg 2 Ca and Mg 1.92 Al 0.08 One of Ni.
3. The hydrogen reclamation apparatus as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the gas inlet regulating assembly (1) comprises a gas inlet pipe (13), the gas inlet pipe (13) being connected to a plurality of the adsorption tubes (21);
the gas inlet regulating and controlling component (1) further comprises a gas inlet pressure regulating and controlling component which is used for regulating the pressure of the hydrogen-containing gas in the gas inlet pipeline (13) so as to maintain the pressure of the hydrogen-containing gas in the gas inlet pipeline (13) at the set pressure.
4. A hydrogen reclamation apparatus as recited in claim 3, characterized in that the inlet air regulating assembly (1) further comprises an inlet air temperature regulating assembly comprising:
an intake air temperature detecting member (16) for detecting the temperature of the hydrogen-containing gas in the intake pipe (13);
the heat exchanger (15) is arranged in the air inlet pipeline (13), and the heat exchanger (15) can selectively heat or cool the hydrogen-containing gas in the air inlet pipeline (13) according to the detection result of the air inlet temperature detection piece (16) so as to maintain the temperature of the hydrogen-containing gas in the air inlet pipeline (13) at the set temperature I.
5. A hydrogen reclamation apparatus as recited in claim 3, characterized in that the gas inlet regulating assembly (1) further comprises a plurality of gas storage members (11), a plurality of the gas storage members (11) each being for storing the hydrogen-containing gas; the plurality of gas storage pieces (11) can be selectively communicated with or disconnected from the gas inlet pipeline (13) and the tail gas pipeline (101) for discharging the hydrogen-containing gas.
6. A hydrogen reclamation apparatus as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the inlet line (13) is connected to a plurality of the adsorption tubes (21) by means of a distribution head (7), the distribution head (7) comprising:
a distribution main pipe (71), wherein one end of the distribution main pipe (71) is connected with the gas inlet pipeline (13);
and one end of each distribution manifold (72) is connected with the other end of the distribution main pipe (71), and the other ends of the distribution manifolds (72) are connected with the adsorption pipes (21) in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
7. The hydrogen reclamation apparatus as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the hydrogen adsorption assembly (2) further includes an adsorption temperature detecting member (22) for detecting an air temperature in the adsorption tube (21);
the hydrogen adsorption component (2) further comprises a hydrogen concentration detection piece (23) for detecting the concentration of hydrogen in the adsorption tube (21);
the hydrogen adsorption assembly (2) further comprises an adsorption pressure detection member (24) for detecting the air pressure in the adsorption tube (21).
8. The hydrogen reclamation apparatus as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the adsorption tube (21) extends in a first direction, and the adsorption tube (21) has a straight line-shaped, spiral-shaped, wavy line-shaped or zigzag-shaped structure in the first direction.
9. The hydrogen reclamation apparatus as recited in claim 1, further comprising an inner tank (81), a plurality of the adsorption tubes (21) being provided in the inner tank (81);
the inner box (81) is made of heat insulation materials.
10. The hydrogen recovery device according to claim 1, further comprising a hydrogen storage member (91), wherein the hydrogen discharge pipeline (6) is provided with a hydrogen discharge three-way valve (62), and the hydrogen discharge three-way valve (62) is respectively communicated with the exhaust pipeline (5) and the hydrogen storage member (91);
the hydrogen discharge pipeline (6) is also provided with a vacuum pump (92).
11. A fuel cell system test bench comprising a hydrogen recovery apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103752834A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 天津三环乐喜新材料有限公司 | Hydrogen circulating system and hydrogen circulating method |
| CN110550606A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2019-12-10 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | device and method for preparing high-purity hydrogen from hydrogen-containing gas under unsteady state |
| CN110548365A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2019-12-10 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | device and method for preparing high-purity hydrogen from hydrogen-containing gas |
| CN110550605A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2019-12-10 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Device and method for preparing high-purity hydrogen from hydrogen-containing gas |
| CN112403194A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-26 | 武汉格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 | Hydrogen storage type tail gas treatment system of fuel cell hydrogen energy automobile |
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2021
- 2021-12-27 CN CN202111619466.6A patent/CN114300719B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103752834A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 天津三环乐喜新材料有限公司 | Hydrogen circulating system and hydrogen circulating method |
| CN110550606A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2019-12-10 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | device and method for preparing high-purity hydrogen from hydrogen-containing gas under unsteady state |
| CN110548365A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2019-12-10 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | device and method for preparing high-purity hydrogen from hydrogen-containing gas |
| CN110550605A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2019-12-10 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Device and method for preparing high-purity hydrogen from hydrogen-containing gas |
| CN112403194A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-26 | 武汉格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 | Hydrogen storage type tail gas treatment system of fuel cell hydrogen energy automobile |
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