CN114298939A - Aperture synthesis-based lamination intensity coherent imaging method and device - Google Patents
Aperture synthesis-based lamination intensity coherent imaging method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A laminated intensity coherent imaging method and device based on aperture synthesis, the method includes obtaining speckle pattern formed after a coherent light source shaped by a probe traverses and irradiates a target object; integrating speckle patterns to obtain an autocorrelation function corresponding to each coherent light source illumination area; and substituting the autocorrelation function into a lamination algorithm to recover the target image. The invention also discloses a laminated intensity coherent imaging system based on aperture synthesis and a computer readable storage medium. The invention is based on the system architecture of the laminated intensity coherent imaging, performs target imaging by receiving the echo speckle after the action of the light source and the target object, and has strong anti-noise capability. Meanwhile, the optical fiber is not obviously influenced by defects such as atmospheric turbulence disturbance, optical system phase difference and the like, and has the characteristic of turbulence disturbance resistance. The invention utilizes the speckle pattern formed after the coherent light source traverses and irradiates the target object to carry out the lamination intensity coherent imaging, can break through the aperture limitation of a single aperture imaging system, and realizes the high-resolution imaging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of imaging, and particularly relates to a laminated intensity coherent imaging method and equipment based on aperture synthesis.
Background
The technology of the stack intensity coherent imaging is different from the traditional technology of imaging by using an area array detector, the technology utilizes the second-order correlation characteristic and the correlation algorithm to realize the imaging of a target object, and has potential imaging advantages and huge application value. Meanwhile, the lamination intensity coherent imaging technology is used for detecting the total energy of reflected or transmitted light of an object, so that the lamination intensity coherent imaging technology has a huge application prospect in the field of weak light.
Because the lamination strength coherent imaging technology belongs to the field of space optical imaging systems, is limited by the angular resolution of the system, the caliber of the imaging system needs to be increased to improve the imaging quality, and is limited by the processing technology, and the caliber increase cost of the space optical imaging system is high. At present, various methods for optimizing imaging quality are provided based on the lamination intensity coherent imaging technology, but the modeling capability of the target with complex scene, various forms and low visibility is limited, so that the obtained image has low quality and long time consumption, and the practical process and the application scene of the lamination intensity coherent imaging technology are restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve the above problems in the prior art, and provides a method and an apparatus for stacked intensity coherent imaging based on aperture synthesis, which break through the limitations of the conventional spatial optical imaging system, enhance the light collection force, and increase the resolution by using the aperture synthesis technology and the stacked intensity coherent imaging mechanism, thereby achieving high-quality imaging.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention has the following technical scheme:
a laminated intensity coherent imaging method based on aperture synthesis comprises the following steps:
acquiring a speckle pattern formed after a coherent light source shaped by a probe traverses and irradiates a target object;
integrating speckle patterns to obtain an autocorrelation function corresponding to each coherent light source illumination area;
and substituting the autocorrelation function into a lamination algorithm to recover the target image.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, in the step of obtaining the speckle pattern formed after the coherent light source shaped by the probe traverses and irradiates the target object, and in the irradiation process, each probe scans and records the speckle pattern after the action of the beam shaped by the probe and the target by using a single aperture imaging system within a preset aperture.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step of integrating the speckle patterns, the speckle patterns obtained by a single aperture imaging system at different positions of the object are integrated.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, in the step of integrating the speckle patterns, the speckle patterns obtained by a single aperture imaging system at different positions of the target object are integrated according to a pupil function; for an aperture array formed by a combination of N identical sub-apertures, the pupil function is expressed as:
in the formula, psub(x-xn,y-yn) As a function of the pupil of the sub-aperture, (x)n,yn) Is the center coordinate of the nth sub-aperture,
is the phase function of the nth sub-aperture.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step of integrating the speckle pattern, the illumination of the target object by the emission beam of the coherent light source after being shaped by the probe is represented by a function O (x, y), and the emergent light field of the sample is represented by: u (x, y) ═ p (x, y) × O (x, y).
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light intensity distribution scanned and acquired by the single aperture imaging system is represented as:
as a preferred scheme of the present invention, the speckle pattern is a light intensity distribution collected by a single aperture imaging system scanning a target object, and a power spectrum of the speckle intensity distribution is obtained by performing fourier transform on the speckle pattern, so as to obtain an autocorrelation function corresponding to each coherent light source illumination area.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a laminated intensity coherent imaging system based on aperture synthesis, which comprises:
the speckle pattern acquisition module is used for acquiring a speckle pattern formed after the coherent light source shaped by the probe traverses and irradiates a target object;
the autocorrelation function solving module is used for integrating the speckle patterns to obtain the autocorrelation function corresponding to each coherent light source illumination area;
and the target image recovery module is used for substituting the autocorrelation function into the stacking algorithm to recover the target image.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the aperture synthesis-based stack intensity coherent imaging method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the method is based on a system framework of the laminated intensity coherent imaging, the target imaging is carried out by receiving the echo speckle after the action of the light source and the target object, the noise immunity is strong, the method is not obviously affected by the defects of atmospheric turbulence disturbance, optical system phase difference and the like, and the method has the characteristic of turbulence disturbance resistance.
(2) The method has high imaging resolution, and the method performs the laminated intensity coherent imaging by using the speckle pattern formed after the coherent light source traverses and irradiates the target object, so that the aperture limit of a single aperture imaging system can be broken through, and the high-resolution imaging is realized.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the method of the present invention for aperture synthesis based stack intensity coherent imaging;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a stacked intensity coherent imaging method based on aperture synthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph of experimental results for an embodiment of the invention:
(a)2048 pixels; (b)1024 pixels; (c)512 pixels; (d)256 pixels.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.
Furthermore, in the description of the present application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for distinguishing between descriptions and not necessarily for describing or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1, according to the stacked intensity coherent imaging method based on aperture synthesis provided by the present invention, a coherent light source shaped by a probe is used to perform traversal irradiation on a target object. In the irradiation process, each probe is in a preset caliber, and a single small-caliber imaging system, namely a CCD is utilized to scan and record a speckle pattern formed by the action of the light beam shaped by the probe and a target. Then speckle patterns obtained by the aperture synthetic imaging system at different positions are integrated, and the autocorrelation function corresponding to each probe illumination area is obtained. And finally substituting the autocorrelation function into a stacking algorithm to recover the target image.
Because the resolution of the stack intensity coherent imaging is in inverse proportion to the aperture of the baseline of the detector, namely, the larger the aperture of the baseline of the detector is, the smaller the minimum resolution can be achieved. Therefore, the invention provides a laminated intensity coherent imaging method based on aperture synthesis, and the method mainly aims to effectively improve the resolution of a system. The aperture synthetic imaging technology is a breakthrough achievement obtained in the process of exploring a design scheme of a novel high-resolution imaging telescope, and the synthetic aperture formed by a multipath separating sub-aperture array replaces a traditional single-aperture main mirror, so that the high-resolution imaging performance of a large-aperture imaging system is equivalently achieved.
Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
step 1, acquiring a speckle pattern formed after a coherent light source shaped by a probe traverses and irradiates a target object;
step 2, integrating speckle patterns to obtain an autocorrelation function corresponding to each coherent light source illumination area;
and 3, substituting the autocorrelation function into a lamination algorithm to recover the target image.
In an optional implementation manner, in the step 1, the coherent light source shaped by the probe is used for performing traversal irradiation on the target object, and in the irradiation process, each probe scans and records the speckle pattern after the light beam shaped by the probe and the target act by using a single aperture imaging system within a preset aperture.
The aperture synthesis imaging technology can not only obtain the resolution equivalent to that of the traditional large-aperture camera, but also further promote the spanning development of the aperture of the optical system, has wider application prospect, can certainly become one of the main development directions of future high-resolution imaging, and brings more breakthrough development for the fields of astronomical observation, military reconnaissance and the like.
The invention discloses a laminated strength coherent imaging method based on aperture synthesis, which adopts aperture synthesis technology and mainly aims to adopt an array scanning mode, stay a period of time at each scanning point position to sample a target, meet the requirement of equivalent aperture by increasing a base line, integrate all information obtained by scanning and sampling, and restore the target by image restoration processing.
In the step of integrating the speckle patterns in step 2, the speckle patterns obtained by a single aperture imaging system at different positions of the target object are integrated. Furthermore, speckle patterns obtained by a single aperture imaging system at different positions of a target object are integrated according to a pupil function; for an aperture array formed by a combination of N identical sub-apertures, the pupil function is expressed as:
in the formula, psub(x-xn,y-yn) As a function of the pupil of the sub-aperture, (x)n,yn) Is the center coordinate of the nth sub-aperture,
is the phase function of the nth sub-aperture.
In the step of integrating the speckle pattern, the illumination of the target object by the emission beam of the coherent light source after being shaped by the probe is represented by a function O (x, y), and the emergent light field of the sample is represented as: u (x, y) ═ p (x, y) × O (x, y).
At the detection end, the light intensity distribution scanned and acquired by the single aperture imaging system is represented as:
the method is based on a laminated intensity coherent imaging system framework, the intensity distribution of a target object, namely a speckle pattern, is obtained through collected aperture synthetic data, after a power spectrum of the speckle intensity distribution is obtained through Fourier transform of the speckle pattern, the autocorrelation function of the speckle pattern is further obtained, and the autocorrelation function is substituted into a laminated algorithm to carry out image restoration of the object.
The method for the aperture synthesis-based stacked intensity coherent imaging of the present invention is verified by practical cases.
The experimental conditions are as follows: the four letters "LSNZ" are scanned in the horizontal direction by the beam shaped by the probe. The probe is moved 25 times relative to the object. And at each probe position, scanning and collecting 5 × 5 apertures in the probe region along the S-shaped trend by using a sub-aperture system, namely a 32 × 32-pixel CCD, wherein 100 speckles are collected when the CCD moves for 14 micrometers each time. The autocorrelation function of each probe irradiation area is obtained through the process, and then the image is restored by using the method provided by the invention. The imaging result after increasing the aperture of the system by the method provided by the invention is shown in (a) to (d) of fig. 3, and the sizes of the apertures are 2048, 1024, 512 and 256 pixels from left to right.
The aperture synthesis technology in the method provided by the invention utilizes a plurality of small aperture systems to be arranged according to a certain coherence degree and a certain structural sequence to form a multi-aperture synthesis system, so that the width of a main peak of a diffraction spot of a single aperture is modulated to be narrowed, and the system reaches the coherence degree and the resolution of a large aperture system, thereby recovering a high-resolution image.
Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a stacked intensity coherent imaging system based on aperture synthesis, including:
the speckle pattern acquisition module is used for acquiring a speckle pattern formed after the coherent light source shaped by the probe traverses and irradiates a target object;
the autocorrelation function solving module is used for integrating the speckle patterns to obtain the autocorrelation function corresponding to each coherent light source illumination area;
and the target image recovery module is used for substituting the autocorrelation function into the stacking algorithm to recover the target image.
Another embodiment of the present invention further proposes a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the aperture synthesis based stacked intensity coherent imaging method.
Illustratively, the computer program may be divided into one or more modules/units, which are stored in a computer readable storage medium and executed by the processor to perform the steps of the aperture synthesis based stacked intensity coherent imaging method of the present invention. The one or more modules/units may be a series of computer-readable instruction segments capable of performing certain functions, which are used to describe the execution of the computer program in the server.
The server can be a computing device such as a smart phone, a notebook, a palm computer and a cloud server. The server may include, but is not limited to, a processor, a memory. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the server may also include more or fewer components, or some components in combination, or different components, e.g., the server may also include input output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.
The Processor may be a CentraL Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a DigitaL SignaL Processor (DSP), an AppLication Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf ProgrammabLe Gate Array (FPGA) or other ProgrammabLe logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, etc. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
The storage may be an internal storage unit of the server, such as a hard disk or a memory of the server. The memory may also be an external storage device of the server, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure DigitaL (SD) Card, a FLash memory Card (FLash Card), or the like provided on the server. Further, the memory may also include both an internal storage unit of the server and an external storage device. The memory is used to store the computer readable instructions and other programs and data needed by the server. The memory may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.
It should be noted that, for the information interaction, execution process, and other contents between the above-mentioned devices/units, the specific functions and technical effects thereof are based on the same concept as those of the method embodiment, and specific reference may be made to the part of the method embodiment, which is not described herein again.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-mentioned division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical applications, the above-mentioned function distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-mentioned functions. Each functional unit and module in the embodiments may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated in one unit, and the integrated unit may be implemented in a form of hardware, or in a form of software functional unit. In addition, specific names of the functional units and modules are only for convenience of distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present application. The specific working processes of the units and modules in the system may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium and can implement the steps of the embodiments of the methods described above when the computer program is executed by a processor. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer readable medium may include at least: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code to a photographing apparatus/terminal apparatus, a recording medium, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunications signal, and a software distribution medium. Such as a usb-disk, a removable hard disk, a magnetic or optical disk, etc.
In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and reference may be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments for parts that are not described or illustrated in a certain embodiment.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A laminated intensity coherent imaging method based on aperture synthesis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a speckle pattern formed after a coherent light source shaped by a probe traverses and irradiates a target object;
integrating speckle patterns to obtain an autocorrelation function corresponding to each coherent light source illumination area;
and substituting the autocorrelation function into a lamination algorithm to recover the target image.
2. The aperture synthesis-based stacked intensity coherent imaging method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of obtaining the speckle pattern formed by traversing and irradiating the target object with the coherent light source shaped by the probe, the target object is traversed and irradiated with the coherent light source shaped by the probe, and during the irradiation, each probe scans and records the speckle pattern formed by the action of the beam shaped by the probe and the target within a preset aperture by using a single aperture imaging system.
3. The aperture-synthesis-based stacked intensity coherent imaging method of claim 2, wherein in the step of integrating the speckle patterns, the speckle patterns obtained by a single aperture imaging system at different positions of the target object are integrated.
4. The aperture synthesis-based stacked intensity coherent imaging method according to claim 3, wherein in the step of integrating the speckle patterns, the speckle patterns obtained by a single aperture imaging system at different positions of the target object are integrated according to a pupil function; for an aperture array formed by a combination of N identical sub-apertures, the pupil function is expressed as:
in the formula, psub(x-xn，y-yn) As a function of the pupil of the sub-aperture, (x)n，yn) Is the center coordinate of the nth sub-aperture,
is the phase function of the nth sub-aperture.
5. The aperture synthesis-based stacked intensity coherent imaging method of claim 4, wherein in the step of integrating the speckle pattern, the emitted light beam of the coherent light source after being shaped by the probe is illuminated on the target object and represented by a function O (x, y), and the emergent light field of the sample is represented by: u (x, y) ═ p (x, y) × O (x, y).
6. The aperture synthesis-based stacked intensity coherent imaging method according to claim 5, wherein the light intensity distribution scanned and collected by the single aperture imaging system is represented as:
7. the aperture synthesis-based stacked intensity coherent imaging method according to claim 6, wherein the speckle pattern is a light intensity distribution collected by a single aperture imaging system scanning a target object, a power spectrum of the speckle intensity distribution is obtained by performing fourier transform on the speckle pattern, and then an autocorrelation function corresponding to an illumination area of each coherent light source is obtained.
8. An aperture synthesis based stacked intensity coherent imaging system, comprising:
the speckle pattern acquisition module is used for acquiring a speckle pattern formed after the coherent light source shaped by the probe traverses and irradiates a target object;
the autocorrelation function solving module is used for integrating the speckle patterns to obtain the autocorrelation function corresponding to each coherent light source illumination area;
and the target image recovery module is used for substituting the autocorrelation function into the stacking algorithm to recover the target image.
9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: the computer program when being executed by a processor realizes the steps of the aperture synthesis based stacked intensity coherent imaging method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| US20110134434A1 (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2011-06-09 | Chung Shan Institute Of Science And Technology, Armaments Bureau, M.N.D | Method and system for positioning by using optical speckle |
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