CN114295860A - Wind flow field inversion method under complex terrain - Google Patents

Wind flow field inversion method under complex terrain Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114295860A
CN114295860A CN202210028550.9A CN202210028550A CN114295860A CN 114295860 A CN114295860 A CN 114295860A CN 202210028550 A CN202210028550 A CN 202210028550A CN 114295860 A CN114295860 A CN 114295860A
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impeller
wind speed
wind
laser radar
fan
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王威
陈长红
朱少红
魏晨曦
晏锡忠
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Fujian Guodian Wind Power Generation Co ltd
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Fujian Guodian Wind Power Generation Co ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind flow field inversion method under a complex terrain, which specifically comprises the following steps: s1Specifically, the wind speed of a certain determined position on the upstream of a fan impeller is obtained by installing a laser radar at the position on the upstream of the fan impeller; s2Obtaining the wind speed at the impeller through flow field inversion; s3The wind speed at the impeller is applied to a fan feed-forward control module. The invention also includes the computer storage medium comprising a microprocessor and a memory, said memory storing program code instructions for executing the method steps when the program code is executed by a computer embedded in the microprocessor. According to the method, the wind flow information at the impeller is obtained through flow field inversion according to the wind field data of the upstream of the impeller obtained through laser radar measurement and is used as an input signal of a feedforward controller. The wind speed at the impeller is obtained and is applied to a feedforward control module, so that the rotating speed fluctuation and the unit load are reduced, and the generating capacity of the fan is effectively improved.

Description

Wind flow field inversion method under complex terrain
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation equipment, in particular to a wind flow field inversion method under a complex terrain.
Background
In a wind power plant with complex terrain, the wind condition is greatly influenced by micro-terrain and surface vegetation, and the wind speed is characterized by randomness, mutation and the like. The wind measuring instrument of the current fan is mainly an anemometer and a wind vane which are arranged on the top of a cabin, when the fan normally operates, the wind speed measured by the wind measuring instrument is not the wind speed reaching the impeller, the real-time performance is not realized, and the measured wind speed is inconsistent with the wind speed at the impeller due to the fact that wind current is disturbed by the blades and the cabin. Therefore, the wind speed cannot be applied to a control system of the fan.
The traditional control technique for wind generators is feedback control, including a torque controller at rated rotational speed and a pitch angle controller for above rated wind speed. Under the condition of the rated wind speed, the torque signal input to the fan is used for ensuring the maximum energy coefficient tracking so as to enable the fan to obtain the maximum energy from the wind field. Above the rated wind speed, the pitch angle signal is used to ensure that the power of the wind turbine does not exceed the rated value. A conventional feedback control is shown in fig. 1.
Because the measurement result of the cabin anemometer cannot be applied to a control system, and the impeller has large rotational inertia, the process from the moment that gusts wind reach the impeller to the moment that the rotating speed rises is delayed greatly, and the rotating speed rises and is fed back to the controller to be output, so that the torque or the pitch is controlled, and the overspeed shutdown is easily caused. Particularly in a wind field with complex terrain, the wind speed turbulence is large, the wind direction changes rapidly, the fan frequently generates overspeed and vibration faults, the load of the unit is increased, and the wind energy capture efficiency is reduced. In recent years, the phenomenon of low wind field operation efficiency caused by overspeed of a fan is increasingly prominent.
If the wind speed at the impeller of the fan can be obtained in advance, the wind speed can be applied to a control system of the fan, higher wind energy capturing efficiency can be obtained, the control strategy is feedforward control, and as shown in fig. 2, the feedforward control is beneficial to reducing the fluctuation of the rotating speed, reducing the load of a unit and improving the generating capacity. Therefore, a wind flow field inversion method under complex terrain is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wind flow field inversion method under a complex terrain,
the invention is realized by the following steps:
a wind flow field inversion method under a complex terrain specifically comprises the following steps:
S1specifically, an ET2000 type laser radar is adopted, the laser radar is arranged at the upstream position of a fan impeller, and the wind speed of a certain position at the upstream of the fan impeller is obtained;
S2obtaining the wind speed at the impeller through flow field inversion;
S2.1under the condition of perfect wind and 0 shear, the dynamic non-uniform wind flow model is shown as the following formula (1) and formula (2):
ui＝v0(tR,i) Formula (1)
Figure BDA0003465487240000021
Wherein u isi: time tiThe wind speed in the horizontal direction at the point i is m/s; v. of0(tR,i): the equivalent wind speed of the impeller is m/s; t is tR,i: the time, s, of the wind flow at the impeller; x is the number ofi: the horizontal position is the horizontal distance m from the measuring point i to the impeller;
Figure BDA0003465487240000022
average wind speed, m/s;
S2.2the equivalent wind speed of the fan impeller is calculated according to the sight line wind speed measured by the laser radar, and is specifically as the following formula (3):
Figure BDA0003465487240000031
wherein v is0L(ti): according to the equivalent wind speed of the impeller converted by the laser radar, m/s; v. oflos,i: the sight line wind speed, m/s, is measured by a laser radar at a measuring point i; x is the number ofn,i: x-direction cell coordinate values.
S3The wind speed at the impeller is applied to a fan feed-forward control module.
Further, for a group having nDA measured distance sum npPulsed lidar system with individual measuring points, signal v at each position j0L,jBy summarizing all n of the last full scanpPoint generation, specifically as shown in formula (4):
Figure BDA0003465487240000032
v0L,j(ti): according to the position j converted by the laser radar, the equivalent wind speed of the impeller is m/s; n isP: the number of measuring points at position j; v. oflos,ij: the sight line wind speed, m/s, is measured by a laser radar at a point i at a position j; x is the number ofn,i: the coordinate value of the x-direction unit at the measuring point i;
then according to Taylor freezing turbulence hypothesis, for the obtained time series v0L,jTime shifting is carried out to obtain wind flow information at the impeller as an input signal of a feedforward controller, and the average wind speed of a turbulent wind field is assumed to be
Figure BDA0003465487240000033
The time to first focus is assumed to be
Figure BDA0003465487240000034
Effective wind speed v of the impeller0LThe estimated lidar value of (1) is calculated by equation (5):
Figure BDA0003465487240000035
wherein: v. of0L(ti)：nDA measured distance sum npThe equivalent wind speed of an impeller of a pulse laser radar system at each measuring point is m/s; n isD: measuring the distance quantity; v. of0L,j: according to laser radarThe equivalent wind speed of the impeller at the position j is changed to m/s; x is the number ofj: the horizontal position is the horizontal distance m from the measuring point i to the impeller; x is the number of1The horizontal distance at the first measured distance;
Figure BDA0003465487240000036
average wind speed, m/s.
Further, a computer storage medium comprising a microprocessor and a memory, said memory storing program code instructions for executing the above-mentioned method steps when the program code is executed by a computer embedded by the microprocessor. The micro-control processor is also respectively connected with an input unit, an output unit, a peripheral interface and an I/O expansion interface, and the memory comprises an EPROM module and an RAM module. The input unit is used for connecting user input equipment, and the output unit is used for connecting user output equipment. The peripheral interface is used for being connected with a programmer, a cassette tape unit, a printer, an EPROM writer, a graphic monitoring system, a PLC or a host computer respectively, and the I/O expansion interface is used for being connected with the functional module interface.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the wind field data of the upstream of the impeller obtained by laser radar measurement, wind flow information at the impeller is obtained through flow field inversion and is used as an input signal of a feedforward controller.
2. The wind speed at the impeller is obtained and applied to a feedforward control module, so that the rotation speed fluctuation and the unit load are reduced, and the generated energy of the fan is effectively improved
3. The starting performance of the fan can be improved, the energy loss caused by difficult starting at low wind speed is reduced, and meanwhile, the energy consumption for starting the fan can be reduced;
4. the operation curve of the fan is optimized, so that the wind energy utilization coefficient of the fan at low wind speed is effectively improved, namely the generated energy at a low wind speed section is improved;
5. the wind energy utilization efficiency of the fan is improved, and the load of the fan is reduced. The laser radar of the engine room enables the fan to be converted into a control mode combining feedforward control and feedback control from the current passive feedback control (the tracking of the fan on wind energy lags behind the change process of wind speed), and the conversion of the control mode can improve the wind energy utilization efficiency of the fan at a low wind speed section and reduce the load of the fan at a high wind speed section;
6. the shutdown of the fan caused by wind speed change (gust) during the operation of the transition section is reduced, so that the generated energy is improved, and the service life of an electrical system, particularly a grid-connected switch of key parts, is prolonged;
7. and yaw wind alignment is corrected, yaw errors are reduced, and the generated energy is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a conventional control of a wind flow field inversion method under a complex terrain according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the feed forward control of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a Taylor freezing turbulence schematic of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a computer storage medium structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a plot of different variables over time for a 13m/s gust of wind according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a graph of the variation of different variables over time for the continuous operating conditions of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-6, a wind flow field inversion method under a complex terrain specifically includes the following steps:
S1specifically, an ET2000 type laser radar is adopted, the laser radar is arranged at the upstream position of a fan impeller, and the wind speed of a certain position at the upstream of the fan impeller is obtained;
S2obtaining the wind speed at the impeller through flow field inversion;
S2.1under the condition of perfect wind and 0 shear, the dynamic non-uniform wind flow model is shown as the following formula (1) and formula (2):
ui＝v0(tR,i) Formula (1)
Figure BDA0003465487240000061
Wherein u isi: time tiThe wind speed in the horizontal direction at the point i is m/s; v. of0(tR,i): the equivalent wind speed of the impeller is m/s; t is tR,i: the time, s, of the wind flow at the impeller; x is the number ofi: the horizontal position is the horizontal distance m from the measuring point i to the impeller;
Figure BDA0003465487240000062
average wind speed, m/s;
S2.2the equivalent wind speed of the fan impeller is calculated according to the sight line wind speed measured by the laser radar, and is specifically as the following formula (3):
Figure BDA0003465487240000063
wherein v is0L(ti): according to the equivalent wind speed of the impeller converted by the laser radar, m/s; v. oflos,i: the sight line wind speed, m/s, is measured by a laser radar at a measuring point i; x is the number ofn,i: x-direction cell coordinate values.
S3The wind speed at the impeller is applied to a fan feed-forward control module.
In this embodiment, for nDA measured distance sum npPulsed lidar system with individual measuring points, signal v at each position j0L,jBy summarizing all n of the last full scanpPoint generation, specifically as shown in formula (4):
Figure BDA0003465487240000071
v0L,j(ti): according to the position j converted by the laser radar, the equivalent wind speed of the impeller is m/s; n isP: the number of measuring points at position j; v. oflos,ij: the sight line wind speed, m/s, is measured by a laser radar at a point i at a position j; x is the number ofn,i: the coordinate value of the x-direction unit at the measuring point i;
then according to Taylor freezing turbulence hypothesis, for the obtained time series v0L,jTime shifting is carried out to obtain wind flow information at the impeller as an input signal of a feedforward controller, and the average wind speed of a turbulent wind field is assumed to be
Figure BDA0003465487240000072
The time to first focus is assumed to be
Figure BDA0003465487240000073
Effective wind speed v of the impeller0LThe estimated lidar value of (1) is calculated by equation (5):
Figure BDA0003465487240000074
wherein: v. of0L(ti)：nDA measured distance sum npThe equivalent wind speed of an impeller of a pulse laser radar system at each measuring point is m/s; n isD: measuring the distance quantity; v. of0L,j: according to the position j converted by the laser radar, the equivalent wind speed of the impeller is m/s; x is the number ofj: the horizontal position is the horizontal distance m from the measuring point i to the impeller; x is the number of1The horizontal distance at the first measured distance;
Figure BDA0003465487240000075
average wind speed, m/s.
In this embodiment, taking a single-machine 5MW fan as an example, for a gust with an average wind speed of 13m/s, the time-dependent changes of the wind speed, the blade angle, the generator torque, the impeller rotation speed, the amplitude, the tower bending moment and other variables are as shown in fig. 5:
in fig. 5, the black curve is a conventional feedback control system, and the light curve is a laser radar feedforward control system.
Wherein v is0: wind speed, θ: oar angle, MG: generator, Ω: impeller speed, xT: amplitude, MyT: tower frame bending moment
As seen in FIG. 5, the rotational speed ripple is reduced by 97%, and the maximum tower bottom front-to-back bending moment MyT is reduced by 47.1%.
For the case of continuous operation, the curves of the above variables over time are as shown in fig. 6: as seen in FIG. 6, the rotational speed ripple is reduced by 67.3%, and the maximum tower bottom front to back bending moment MyT is reduced by 31.6%.
In this embodiment, a computer storage medium includes a microprocessor and a memory, where the memory stores program code instructions, and the program code is used for executing the above-mentioned method steps when the program code is executed by a computer embedded in the microprocessor. The micro-control processor is also respectively connected with an input unit, an output unit, a peripheral interface and an I/O expansion interface, and the memory comprises an EPROM module and an RAM module. The input unit is used for connecting user input equipment, and the output unit is used for connecting user output equipment. The peripheral interface is used for being connected with a programmer, a cassette tape unit, a printer, an EPROM writer, a graphic monitoring system, a PLC or a host computer respectively, and the I/O expansion interface is used for being connected with the functional module interface.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A wind flow field inversion method under complex terrain is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
S1specifically, the wind speed of a certain determined position on the upstream of a fan impeller is obtained by installing a laser radar at the position on the upstream of the fan impeller;
S2obtaining the wind speed at the impeller through flow field inversion;
S3the wind speed at the impeller is applied to a fan feed-forward control module.
2. The method for inverting the wind flow field under the complex terrain according to claim 1,
S2.1under the condition of perfect wind and 0 shear, the dynamic non-uniform wind flow model is shown as the following formula (1) and formula (2):
ui＝v0(tR,i) Formula (1)
Figure FDA0003465487230000011
Wherein u isi: time tiThe wind speed in the horizontal direction at the point i is m/s; v. of0(tR,i): the equivalent wind speed of the impeller is m/s; t is tR,i: the time, s, of the wind flow at the impeller; x is the number ofi: the horizontal position is the horizontal distance m from the measuring point i to the impeller;
Figure FDA0003465487230000012
average wind speed, m/s;
S2.2the equivalent wind speed of the fan impeller is calculated according to the sight line wind speed measured by the laser radar, and is specifically as the following formula (3):
Figure FDA0003465487230000013
wherein v is0L(ti): according to the equivalent wind speed of the impeller converted by the laser radar, m/s; v. oflos,i: the sight line wind speed, m/s, is measured by a laser radar at a measuring point i; x is the number ofn,i: x-direction cell coordinate values.
3. The complex terrain downwind flow field inversion method as set forth in claim 1, wherein n is defined for the complex terrain downwind flow field inversion methodDA measured distance sum npPulsed lidar system with individual measuring points, signal v at each position j0L,jBy summarizing all n of the last full scanpPoint generation, specifically as shown in formula (4):
Figure FDA0003465487230000021
v0L,j(ti): according to the position j converted by the laser radar, the equivalent wind speed of the impeller is m/s; n isP: the number of measuring points at position j; v. oflos,ij: the sight line wind speed, m/s, is measured by a laser radar at a point i at a position j; x is the number ofn,i: the coordinate value of the x-direction unit at the measuring point i;
then according to Taylor freezing turbulence hypothesis, for the obtained time series v0L,jTime shifting is carried out to obtain wind flow information at the impeller as an input signal of a feedforward controller, and the average wind speed of a turbulent wind field is assumed to be
Figure FDA0003465487230000022
The time to first focus is assumed to be
Figure FDA0003465487230000023
Effective wind speed v of the impeller0LThe estimated lidar value of (1) is calculated by equation (5):
Figure FDA0003465487230000024
wherein: v. of0L(ti)：nDA measured distance sum npThe equivalent wind speed of an impeller of a pulse laser radar system at each measuring point is m/s; n isD: measuring the distance quantity; v. of0L,j: according to the position j converted by the laser radar, the equivalent wind speed of the impeller is m/s; x is the number ofj: the horizontal position is the horizontal distance m from the measuring point i to the impeller; x is the number of1The horizontal distance at the first measured distance;
Figure FDA0003465487230000025
average wind speed, m/s.
4. A computer storage medium, characterized in that: the computer storage medium comprising a microprocessor and a memory, said memory storing program code instructions for executing the method steps of claims 1-3 when the program code is executed by a computer embedded in the microprocessor.
5. The computer storage medium of claim 4, wherein the micro control processor is further connected with an input unit, an output unit, a peripheral interface and an I/O expansion interface, and the memory comprises an EPROM module and a RAM module.
6. The computer storage medium of claim 5, wherein the input unit is configured to interface with a user input device, and the output unit is configured to interface with a user output device.
7. The computer storage medium of claim 5, wherein the peripheral interface is configured to interface with a programmer, a tape cartridge, a printer, an EPROM writer, a graphics monitoring system, a PLC, or a host computer, respectively, and the I/O expansion interface is configured to interface with a function module.
8. The complex terrain downwind flow field inversion method as defined in claim 1, wherein the lidar is an ET2000 type lidar.
CN202210028550.9A 2022-01-11 2022-01-11 Wind flow field inversion method under complex terrain Pending CN114295860A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120179376A1 (en) * 2011-01-11 2012-07-12 Ophir Corporation Methods And Apparatus For Monitoring Complex Flow Fields For Wind Turbine Applications
CN103061980A (en) * 2012-12-28 2013-04-24 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 Feed-forward control system and feed-forward control method for wind generating set based on laser wind finding radar
CN111396246A (en) * 2019-11-27 2020-07-10 浙江运达风电股份有限公司 Laser radar auxiliary control method based on impeller equivalent wind speed correction
CN111637010A (en) * 2020-06-10 2020-09-08 国电联合动力技术有限公司 Feedforward control method and device for wind turbine generator, wind turbine generator and system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120179376A1 (en) * 2011-01-11 2012-07-12 Ophir Corporation Methods And Apparatus For Monitoring Complex Flow Fields For Wind Turbine Applications
CN103061980A (en) * 2012-12-28 2013-04-24 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 Feed-forward control system and feed-forward control method for wind generating set based on laser wind finding radar
CN111396246A (en) * 2019-11-27 2020-07-10 浙江运达风电股份有限公司 Laser radar auxiliary control method based on impeller equivalent wind speed correction
CN111637010A (en) * 2020-06-10 2020-09-08 国电联合动力技术有限公司 Feedforward control method and device for wind turbine generator, wind turbine generator and system

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