CN114295658A - Detection method of solid electrolyte lithium lanthanum zirconium oxygen LLZO material - Google Patents

Detection method of solid electrolyte lithium lanthanum zirconium oxygen LLZO material Download PDF

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CN114295658A
CN114295658A CN202111508587.3A CN202111508587A CN114295658A CN 114295658 A CN114295658 A CN 114295658A CN 202111508587 A CN202111508587 A CN 202111508587A CN 114295658 A CN114295658 A CN 114295658A
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李立飞
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Jiangsu Langu New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to a detection method of a solid electrolyte lithium lanthanum zirconium oxygen LLZO material. The detection method comprises the following steps: grinding the LLZO powder material to be detected, and sieving the powder material with a 200-400-mesh sieve; soaking the LLZO powder after sieving according to a preset first mass into deionized water of a second mass; soaking for 24-48 hr, filtering out powder with filter paper, collecting filtrate, and testing Li in the filtrate with inductively coupled plasma ICP emission spectrometer+Content, measuring content m 1; taking the sieved LLZO powder according to the first mass, putting the LLZO powder into a mixed acid solution with a second mass, digesting the LLZO powder by using microwaves, and testing Li in the digested solution by using an ICP emission spectrometer+Content, measuring content m 2; and determining whether the tetragonal phase exists in the LLZO powder material to be detected or not according to the ratio of m1 to m 2.

Description

Detection method of solid electrolyte lithium lanthanum zirconium oxygen LLZO material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material detection, in particular to a detection method of a solid electrolyte lithium lanthanum zirconium oxygen LLZO material.
Background
The solid electrolyte materials that are currently mainstream can be classified into three major categories, oxide, sulfide, and polymer. Among them, oxides are widely noticed because they are stable to air and have high ionic conductivity.
The garnet-type oxide solid electrolyte material Lithium Lanthanum Zirconium Oxygen (LLZO) is considered to be one of the most desirable solid electrolyte materials for solid batteries because of its excellent ionic conductivity and readily available raw materials. Since the garnet-type LLZO is divided into two phase structures of cubic phase and tetragonal phase, the ionic conductivity of the cubic phase can reach 0.1 to 1ms/m, but the LLZO ionic conductivity of the tetragonal phase is extremely low. Therefore, in practical research applications and production processes, the cubic phase of LLZO is mainly used.
In the LLZO sintering process, the phase forming condition is harsh because the material composition is complex. In the actual sintering process, tetragonal mixed phases also appear, and the influence on the material performance is large. Thus, phase detection of LLZO becomes necessary.
The detection method commonly adopted for the phase detection of LLZO at present is an X-ray diffraction (XRD) method, and the phase of LLZO is tested by X-ray diffraction to analyze the composition of the heterogeneous phase in the LLZO.
However, using XRD as a method for detecting the composition of LLZO phase has the following two disadvantages:
1. the sensitivity of phase detection by XRD is 1%, and when the content of the impure phase is lower than 1%, the existence of the impure phase cannot be detected by XRD;
2. when the phase analysis is performed by XRD, only the impurity phase can be qualitatively analyzed, and the specific composition of the cubic phase and the tetragonal phase in LLZO cannot be quantitatively analyzed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a detection method of a solid electrolyte lithium lanthanum zirconium oxygen LLZO material, which can accurately measure the proportion of a neutral phase to a tetragonal phase in LLZO powder.
To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting a solid electrolyte lithium lanthanum zirconium oxygen LLZO material, including:
the detection method comprises the following steps:
grinding the LLZO powder material to be detected, and sieving the powder material with a 200-400-mesh sieve;
soaking the LLZO powder after sieving according to a preset first mass into deionized water of a second mass;
soaking for 24-48 hr, filtering out powder with filter paper, collecting filtrate, and testing Li in the filtrate with inductively coupled plasma ICP emission spectrometer+Content, measured to containAmount m 1;
taking the sieved LLZO powder according to the first mass, putting the LLZO powder into a mixed acid solution with a second mass, digesting the LLZO powder by using microwaves, and testing Li in the digested solution by using an ICP emission spectrometer+Content, measuring content m 2;
and determining whether the tetragonal phase exists in the LLZO powder material to be detected or not according to the ratio of m1 to m 2.
Preferably, the first mass is in the range of 0.1g to 10 g; the second mass is in the range of 100-500 g.
Preferably, the ratio of the first mass to the second mass is 1: 20.
preferably, the mixed acid solution is specifically: concentrating the nitric acid HNO according to the volume ratio3Concentrated hydrochloric acid HCl: mixed acid solution prepared with HF 4:12: 1.
Preferably, the determining whether the tetragonal phase impurity phase exists in the LLZO powder material to be detected according to the ratio of m1 to m2 specifically comprises:
when the ratio of m1 to m2 is equal to Li in cubic phase LLZO of first mass+/H+Exchanged Li+When the quantity is in the ratio of m2, determining that the LLZO in the LLZO powder material to be detected is cubic phase and no tetragonal phase impurity phase exists;
when the ratio of m1 to m2 is less than Li in the first mass of cubic phase LLZO+/H+Exchanged Li+And when the quantity is in the ratio of m2, determining that the LLZO in the LLZO powder material to be detected has a tetragonal phase.
Preferably, the determining whether the tetragonal phase impurity phase exists in the LLZO powder material to be detected according to the ratio of m1 to m2 specifically comprises:
if m1/m2 is 64%, determining that the LLZO in the LLZO powder material to be detected is cubic phase and no tetragonal phase impurity phase exists;
and if m1/m2 is less than 64%, determining that the LLZO in the LLZO powder material to be detected has a tetragonal phase.
Preferably, after the determining whether the tetragonal phase impurity phase exists in the LLZO powder material to be tested, the method further comprises the following steps:
when determining that the tetragonal phase hetero-phase exists in the LLZO powder material to be detected, calculating the proportion of the tetragonal phase of the LLZO powder material to be detected according to [ (0.64m2-m1)/(0.64m2) ] multiplied by 100%.
The detection method of the solid electrolyte lithium lanthanum zirconium oxygen LLZO material provided by the embodiment of the invention can accurately measure the proportion of the tetragonal phase impurity phase in the cubic phase LLZO powder. The method example utilizes Li in cubic phase LLZO and tetragonal phase LLZO+/H+The ion exchange degree of (2) is different, not only the tetragonal phase proportion with the content of the heterogeneous phase lower than 1% can be detected, but also the tetragonal phase heterogeneous phase content in the cubic phase of ppm level can be quantified. The method has high detection precision and can be used for quantification, and a scheme with high precision, simplicity and convenience is provided for detecting the LLZO phase composition.
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Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for detecting a Lithium Lanthanum Zirconium Oxide (LLZO) material as a solid electrolyte according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The embodiment of the invention provides a detection method of a solid electrolyte Lithium Lanthanum Zirconium Oxide (LLZO) material, which mainly comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1:
step 110, grinding the LLZO powder material to be detected, and sieving the powder material with a 200-400-mesh sieve;
step 120, soaking the sieved LLZO powder in deionized water with a second mass according to a preset first mass;
preferably, the first mass is in the range of 0.1g to 10 g; the second mass is in the range of 100-500 g.
More preferably, the first mass and the second mass are in the above range in a ratio of 1: 20.
Step 130, after soaking for 24-48 hours, filtering out the powder by using filter paper, taking filtrate, and testing Li in the filtrate by using an Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) emission spectrometer+Content, measuring content m 1;
step 140, get according to the first qualityPutting the sieved LLZO powder into a mixed acid solution with a second mass, digesting the LLZO powder by using microwaves, and testing Li in the digested solution by using an ICP emission spectrometer+Content, measuring content m 2;
preferably, the mixed acid solution is specifically: concentrating the nitric acid HNO according to the volume ratio3Concentrated hydrochloric acid HCl: mixed acid solution prepared with HF 4:12: 1.
And 150, determining whether the four-square-phase impurity phase exists in the LLZO powder material to be detected or not according to the ratio of m1 to m 2.
Wherein when the ratio of m1 to m2 is equal to Li in the first mass of cubic phase LLZO+/H+Exchanged Li+When the quantity is in the ratio of m2, determining that the LLZO in the LLZO powder material to be detected is cubic phase and no tetragonal phase impurity phase exists; when the ratio of m1 to m2 is less than Li in the first mass of cubic phase LLZO+/H+Exchanged Li+And when the quantity is in the ratio of m2, determining that the LLZO in the LLZO powder material to be detected has a tetragonal phase.
The method utilizes Li in cubic phase LLZO and tetragonal phase LLZO+/H+The ion exchange degree of (a) is different, so as to realize the detection.
Specifically, the garnet-type solid electrolyte material LLZO has two phase structures — a cubic phase and a tetragonal phase. The space group of the tetragonal phase is No.142I41/acd, and the unit cell parameter is
Figure BDA0003404364570000041
Figure BDA0003404364570000042
The space group of the cubic phase is No.230Ia3d, and the unit cell parameter is
Figure BDA0003404364570000043
The frameworks of these two crystal structures are identical, 8-coordinated [ LaO8]Hexahedron and 6-coordinated [ ZrO6]Octahedral form of the frame. The difference between the two is that the Li + occupies a different space in the crystal structure.
In the structure of the tetragonal phase, lithium ions are distributed at three positions, namely tetrahedral voids 8a (Li1), regular octahedral voids 16f (Li2) and octahedral voids 32g (Li3), and the occupancy is 1. In the cubic phase structure, lithium ions are distributed at two locations, tetrahedral voids (24d) and eccentric octahedral voids (96h), respectively. Wherein the Li1 occupancy rate of 24d in the [ LiO4] tetrahedral position is 0.94, and the Li2 occupancy rate of 96h in the [ LiO6] octahedral position is 0.349.
Cubic phase LLZO is essentially a lithium ion disordered metastable phase, while tetragonal phase LLZO is stable. Due to Li in cubic phase LLZO+And H+There is a strong ion exchange reaction, and at room temperature, Li occurs between cubic phase LLZO and water in air+And H+The exchange of (2). Due to the tetragonal phase of LLZO, Li+All occupy 1, so Li+/H+Is 0. This difference occurs mainly due to the fact that the crystal structure of the cubic phase differs from that of the tetragonal phase, resulting in a different degree of ion exchange reaction of Li +/H +.
In cubic phase LLZO, the Li1 sites account for the total Li+36% of the number, the Li2 site accounting for the total Li+25% of the number, the Li3 site accounting for the total Li+39% of the number. According to Li1, Li2, Li3 different sites Li+The extent of exchange of/H + is different in the occurrence of Li+/H+At the exchange, Li2 site and Li3 site+Will be completely replaced by H +, i.e. there will be 64% Li in cubic phase LLZO+Is replaced by H+. While tetragonal phase LLZO is structurally stable, Li+/H+Is 0.
Therefore, in the above step, the measured content m1 corresponds to Li2 sites and Li3 sites of the cubic phase LLZO existing in the first mass of the LLZO powder material to be measured+The amount of (c). I.e. Li in the first mass of cubic phase LLZO+/H+Exchanged Li+Amount of the compound (A).
And in the process of digesting in the mixed acid solution, all Li in the LLZO powder material to be measured with the first mass is converted into Li+I.e. the measured content m2, corresponds to the Li of all the LLZO in the first LLZO powder material to be measured+The amount of (c).
If only cubic phase LLZO exists in the LLZO powder material to be measured, the content m1 corresponds to 64% of Li+The content m2 is 100% of Li+
If the LLZO powder material to be measured has not only cubic phase LLZO but also tetragonal phase LLZO, the content m1 is less than 64% Li+The content m2 is still 100% Li+
Therefore, in the judgment of the step 150, it can be considered that if m1/m2 is 64%, it is determined that all the LLZO in the LLZO powder material to be measured is cubic, and no tetragonal phase impurity phase exists; and if m1/m2 is less than 64%, determining that the LLZO in the LLZO powder material to be detected has a tetragonal phase.
Further, after determining whether the tetragonal phase impurity phase exists in the LLZO powder material to be detected, the detection method of the invention also comprises the following steps of quantifying the tetragonal phase impurity phase:
when the existence of the tetragonal phase hetero phase in the LLZO powder material to be detected is determined, calculating the occupation ratio of the tetragonal phase of the LLZO powder material to be detected according to [ (0.64 x m2-m1)/(0.64 x m2) ] 100%. The allowable error fluctuation range is 64% + -0.5%.
This is because 64%. times.m 2 is Li in the cubic phase LLZO+/H+Exchanged Li+Amount, but because of the presence of tetragonal phase LLZO, Li is actually exchanged+The amount of Li in the part is small (0.64 Xm 2-m1)+The amount is in tetragonal phase LLZO.
Therefore, the proportion of tetragonal phase LLZO is [ (0.64 xm 2-m1)/(0.64 xm 2) ] 100%, and the remainder is the proportion of cubic phase LLZO.
In order to better understand the technical scheme of the invention, the following specific examples are illustrated.
Example 1
The LLZO powder A to be tested was ground and sieved through a 200 mesh screen.
0.2g of the sieved LLZO powder was soaked in 150g of deionized water. After soaking for 24 hours, the powder was filtered out using filter paper, the filtrate was taken and tested for Li in the filtrate using ICP+M1, m1 is 49 mg/L.
0.2g of the sieved LLZO powder is put into a container filled with concentrated nitric acid (HNO)3Concentrated hydrochloric acid HCl: and (3) digesting the LLZO powder by microwaves in a mixed acid solution prepared by the ratio of HF to 12: 1. Testing Li in digestion solution using ICP+M2, and m2 is 77 mg/L.
Comparing the Li + content of m1 with m2, m1/m2 ≈ 64%, the tested LLZO materials are considered cubic phase LLZO without tetragonal phase LLZO impurity phase.
Example 2
The LLZO powder B to be tested was ground and sieved through a 200 mesh screen.
0.2g of the sieved LLZO powder was soaked in 150g of deionized water. After soaking for 24 hours, the powder was filtered out using filter paper, the filtrate was taken and tested for Li in the filtrate using ICP+Content m1, found m1 ═ 30 mg/L.
0.2g of the sieved LLZO powder is put into a container filled with concentrated nitric acid (HNO)3Concentrated hydrochloric acid HCl: and (3) digesting the LLZO powder by microwaves in a mixed acid solution prepared by the ratio of HF to 12: 1. Testing Li in digestion solution using ICP+M2, and m2 is 77 mg/L.
Comparing the Li + content of m1 with m2, with m1/m2 being 38.96% < 64%, it is assumed that a portion of the tetragonal phase LLZO impurity phase is present in the tested LLZO material, and the amount of tetragonal phase impurities is 39.1234%%, by calculation.
Example 3
The LLZO powder to be tested was ground and sieved through a 200 mesh screen.
0.1g of the sieved LLZO powder was soaked in 100g of deionized water. After 28 hours of soaking, the powder was filtered off using a filter paper, and the filtrate was taken, and the Li + content m1 in the filtrate was measured using ICP, and m1 was found to be 22 mg/L.
0.1g of the sieved LLZO powder is put into a container filled with concentrated nitric acid (HNO)3Concentrated hydrochloric acid HCl: and (3) digesting the LLZO powder by microwaves in a mixed acid solution prepared by the ratio of HF to 12: 1. Testing Li in digestion solution using ICP+M2, and m2 is 39 mg/L.
Comparing the Li + content of m1 with that of m2, m1/m2 ≈ 56.41% < 64%, considering that part of the tetragonal phase LLZO impurity phase exists in the tested LLZO material, according to calculation, the content of tetragonal phase impurities is 11.8590%
The detection method of the solid electrolyte lithium lanthanum zirconium oxygen LLZO material provided by the embodiment of the invention can accurately measure the proportion of the tetragonal phase impurity phase in the cubic phase LLZO powder. The method example utilizes Li in cubic phase LLZO and tetragonal phase LLZO+/H+The ion exchange degree of (2) is different, not only the tetragonal phase proportion with the content of the heterogeneous phase lower than 1% can be detected, but also the tetragonal phase heterogeneous phase content in the cubic phase of ppm level can be quantified. The method has high detection precision and can be used for quantification, and a scheme with high precision, simplicity and convenience is provided for detecting the LLZO phase composition.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative components and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A detection method of a solid electrolyte lithium lanthanum zirconium oxygen LLZO material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
grinding the LLZO powder material to be detected, and sieving the powder material with a 200-400-mesh sieve;
soaking the LLZO powder after sieving according to a preset first mass into deionized water of a second mass;
soaking for 24-48 hr, filtering out powder with filter paper, collecting filtrate, and testing Li in the filtrate with inductively coupled plasma ICP emission spectrometer+Content, measuring content m 1;
taking the sieved LLZO powder according to the first mass, putting the LLZO powder into a mixed acid solution with a second mass, digesting the LLZO powder by using microwaves, and testing Li in the digested solution by using an ICP emission spectrometer+Content, measuring content m 2;
and determining whether the tetragonal phase exists in the LLZO powder material to be detected or not according to the ratio of m1 to m 2.
2. The detection method according to claim 1, wherein the first mass is in the range of 0.1g to 10 g; the second mass is in the range of 100-500 g.
3. The detection method according to claim 2, wherein the ratio of the first mass to the second mass is 1: 20.
4. the detection method according to claim 1, wherein the mixed acid solution is specifically: concentrating the nitric acid HNO according to the volume ratio3Concentrated hydrochloric acid HCl: mixed acid solution prepared with HF 4:12: 1.
5. The detection method according to claim 1, wherein the determining whether the tetragonal phase impurity phase exists in the LLZO powder material to be detected according to the ratio of m1 to m2 specifically comprises:
when the ratio of m1 to m2 is equal to Li in cubic phase LLZO of first mass+/H+Exchanged Li+When the quantity is in the ratio of m2, determining that the LLZO in the LLZO powder material to be detected is cubic phase and no tetragonal phase impurity phase exists;
when the ratio of m1 to m2 is less than Li in the first mass of cubic phase LLZO+/H+Exchanged Li+And when the quantity is in the ratio of m2, determining that the LLZO in the LLZO powder material to be detected has a tetragonal phase.
6. The detection method according to claim 1, wherein the determining whether the tetragonal phase impurity phase exists in the LLZO powder material to be detected according to the ratio of m1 to m2 specifically comprises:
if m1/m2 is 64%, determining that the LLZO in the LLZO powder material to be detected is cubic phase and no tetragonal phase impurity phase exists;
and if m1/m2 is less than 64%, determining that the LLZO in the LLZO powder material to be detected has a tetragonal phase.
7. The detection method according to claim 1, 5 or 6, wherein after the determining whether the tetragonal phase is present in the LLZO powder material to be detected, the method further comprises:
when determining that the tetragonal phase hetero-phase exists in the LLZO powder material to be detected, calculating the proportion of the tetragonal phase of the LLZO powder material to be detected according to [ (0.64m2-m1)/(0.64m2) ] multiplied by 100%.
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