CN114295400A - Hob tool apron reliability test bench and test method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a test bed and a test method for testing the reliability of a hob cutter holder, and solves the problem that no special device for testing the hob cutter holder exists in the prior art. The hob cutter holder reliability test bench comprises a base body, wherein a thrust source mechanism, a sliding thrust frame and a cutter holder assembly are sequentially arranged on the base body, a rotary simulation mechanism is arranged on the sliding thrust frame, the thrust source mechanism is detachably connected with the sliding thrust frame, and a pressure detection device is arranged between the thrust source mechanism and the sliding thrust frame; the rotary simulation mechanism is provided with a rotary detection device and corresponds to the hob of the tool apron assembly. The test bench can simulate the acting force of a palm on the hob and a hob seat, and can adjust the thrust and the rotating speed of the hob; then, by using the reliability testing method of the hob base, different working conditions of the hob can be simulated, and further, the damage condition of the hob base under different working conditions can be obtained.

Description

A kind of hob cutter seat reliability test test bench and test method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of hob cutter seat testing, in particular to a hob cutter seat reliability test test bench and a testing method.

Background technique

In recent years, the application of shield tunnel construction has become more and more extensive, such as subway tunnels, highway tunnels, high-speed railway tunnels, etc. Shield machine is a large-scale equipment used for tunnel excavation, and its performance directly affects the efficiency and safety of construction. The shield cutter head is one of the key components of the shield machine, which undertakes the functions of excavation, stabilizing the face and mixing the muck. When excavating hard rock formations, a hob with rock-breaking capability needs to be installed on the shield cutter head, and the hob is installed on the cutter head through the cutter seat. There are various types of hob holders, the common ones are single wedge type center hob holder, double wedge type hob holder, tension type single edge hob holder and tool holder for atmospheric cutter head. Due to the complex geological conditions and the changing structure of the shield cutter head, there are higher requirements for the structural strength and reliability of the hob cutter seat. Therefore, the hob cutter seat is constantly being improved and innovatively designed. The structural strength and reliability of the newly designed hob seat are uncertain and cannot be directly mounted on the cutter head for use. There is an urgent need for a test bench that can test the reliability of the hob seat.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the background technology, the present invention proposes a reliability test bench and a test method for the hob cutter seat, which solves the problem that the hob cutter seat cannot be tested in the prior art.

The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows: a hob cutter seat reliability test test bench, including a seat body, and the seat body is sequentially provided with a thrust source mechanism, a sliding thrust frame and a tool seat assembly, and a sliding thrust frame There is a rotary simulation mechanism on it, the thrust source mechanism and the sliding thrust frame are detachably connected, and a pressure detection device is arranged between the two; corresponding to the completed hob.

Further, the cutter seat assembly includes a hob cutter seat, the hob cutter seat is fixed on the seat body, the hob is detachably arranged in the hob cutter seat, the cutter shaft of the hob is provided with a distance measuring sensor, and the distance measuring sensor Connect with the backend controller.

Further, the thrust source mechanism includes a thrust cylinder and a support frame, the fixed end of the thrust cylinder is connected to the support frame through a first hinge seat, and the telescopic end of the thrust cylinder is connected to the pressure set on the sliding thrust frame through a second hinge seat. The detection device is connected. Specifically, the pressure detection device includes a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is connected to the background controller.

Wherein, the sliding thrust frame is a C-shaped frame, and the C-shaped frame is slidably matched with the slide rail provided on the seat body. The sliding rails are symmetrically arranged on the seat body, and the thrust source mechanism is connected to the middle of the sliding thrust frame.

Further, the rotary simulation mechanism comprises a rotating shaft rotatably arranged on the sliding thrust frame, the rotating shaft is connected with the motor arranged on the sliding thrust frame, and a disc structure corresponding to the hob is arranged on the rotating shaft; The rotation detection device includes an encoder provided at the output end of the motor.

Preferably, the disk structure includes a first disk block and a second disk block, the first disk block and the second disk block are inserted and matched to form a ring structure, and the ring structure is detachably connected to the sleeve fixed on the rotating shaft .

The sleeve is synchronously connected to the rotating shaft through the key II, the lower part of the sleeve is provided with a flange connection part, and the first disk block and the second disk block are connected with the flange connection part through first screws.

A test method of the described hob cutter seat reliability test bench, the steps are as follows:

S1: Select a disc structure similar to the formation, and install the disc mechanism on the rotary simulation mechanism; the thrust source mechanism pushes the rotary simulation mechanism to the position corresponding to the hob through the sliding thrust frame, so that the hob contact with the disc mechanism;

S2: Test: Set the rotational speed n of the motor in the rotary simulation mechanism and the rated thrust F exerted on the hob by the thrust source mechanism as required to ensure that the disc mechanism and the hob continue to work until the crushing amount X of the tool seat reaches The limit value X _MAX of the crushing amount; and record the test time t;

S3: Use the excavation stroke s of the hob to represent the life of the hob seat, where s=ntπd, d is the diameter of the hob ring;

S4: Judge the reliability of the hob cutter seat in the corresponding construction stratum according to the s value. The larger the s value, the higher the reliability of the hob cutter seat in the corresponding construction stratum.

In step S2, there are two ways of judging that the crushing amount X of the tool holder reaches the limit value X _MAX of the crushing amount, one is manual measurement and the other is intelligent measurement;

When manual measurement is used, after a certain time t of the test, check the crushing deformation of the hob cutter seat, and manually measure the movement of the hob cutter shaft, which is the crushing amount x of the cutter seat. When the crushing amount of the cutter seat is When X reaches the limit value X _MAX of the crushing amount, it means that the tool seat fails and the test is stopped;

When using intelligent measurement: set the distance measuring sensor on the hob shaft to measure the movement of the hob shaft, the movement of the hob shaft is the crushing amount x of the tool seat, when the crushing amount X of the tool seat reaches The limit value X _MAX of the crushing amount indicates that the tool seat fails and the test is stopped.

The test bench of the invention can simulate the force of the hand facing the hob and the hob cutter seat, and can adjust the thrust force and the rotational speed of the hob; The different working conditions of the hob, and then the damage of the hob seat under different working conditions is obtained. The invention uses a simple structure to measure the reliability of the tool holder with high precision, converts the abstract into concrete, provides a reference for whether the newly designed tool holder can be mounted on the cutter head, fills the market vacancy, and has high promotion value.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, which are common in the art. As far as technical personnel are concerned, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the front view of the test stand of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the test stand of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the enlarged view of the rotary simulation mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the axonometric view of the disc mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the exploded view of the disc mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disc when the present invention is tested in the vibration mode.

FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of the data acquisition and control system of the test bench of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, Embodiment 1, a test bench for reliability testing of a hob cutter seat, includes a seat body 1, the seat body 1 is a supporting part of the entire test bench, and a thrust source mechanism 2 is arranged on the seat body 1 in turn. , Sliding thrust frame 9 and tool seat assembly 20, and the thrust source mechanism 2 provides the moving power of the sliding thrust frame on the seat body. The sliding type thrust frame 9 is provided with a rotary simulation mechanism, the sliding type thrust frame 9 provides support for the rotary type simulation mechanism, and the rotary type simulation mechanism is mainly used for simulating the on-site construction stratum and environment. The thrust source mechanism 2 is detachably connected to the sliding thrust frame 9 and a pressure detection device 8 is arranged between the two. The pressure detection device is mainly used to detect the thrust exerted by the thrust source mechanism; the rotary simulation mechanism is provided with a rotation detection device 13 , the rotation detection device 13 is mainly used to detect the rotation speed of the rotary simulation mechanism. The rotary simulation mechanism corresponds to the hob 11 of the tool seat assembly 20; the hob 11 contacts and interacts with the rotary simulation mechanism to simulate the force of the tool seat assembly 20 under real construction, so as to judge the reliability of the tool seat .

Wherein, as shown in FIG. 2 , the cutter base assembly 20 includes a hob cutter base 12 , the hob cutter base 12 is fixed on the base body 1 , the hob 11 is detachably arranged in the hob cutter base 12 , and the hob is connected to the hob cutter base 12 . The assembly relationship of the hob holder is the same as the actual installation relationship. A distance measuring sensor 21 is provided on the cutter shaft 19 of the hob 11, and the distance measuring sensor 21 is connected with the background controller. The distance measuring sensor is used to measure the moving distance of the hob cutter shaft, and the moving distance of the hob cutter shaft is the crushing amount of the hob cutter seat. When the limit value is reached, the background controller controls the rotary simulation mechanism to stop rotating, the test stops, and the closed-loop control is realized.

Embodiment 2, a reliability test bench for a hob cutter seat, on the basis of Embodiment 1, the thrust source mechanism 2 includes a thrust cylinder 201 and a support frame 202, and the fixed end of the thrust cylinder 202 passes through the first hinge seat. 203 is connected to the support frame 202, the first hinge seat 203 is fixed on the self-support frame by fixing screws 6, and the telescopic end of the thrust cylinder 201 is connected to the pressure detection device 8 provided on the sliding thrust frame 9 through the second hinge seat 7. connect. The pressure detection device 8 includes a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is connected with the background controller. Specifically: a pressure sensor 8 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the sliding thrust frame 9, and a hinged support 7 is fixedly installed on the other side of the pressure sensor 8, and the hinged support 7 and the extension rod of the thrust cylinder 2 are connected through a pin 10. Hinged.

Further, the sliding thrust frame 9 is a C-shaped frame, and the open end of the C-shaped frame faces the tool seat assembly, which facilitates the non-dry fit contact between the rotary simulation mechanism and the hob. The C-shaped frame is slidably matched with the slide rail 4 provided on the base body 1 . As a preferred mode, the sliding rails 4 are symmetrically arranged on the base body 1 , and the thrust source mechanism 2 is connected to the middle of the sliding thrust frame 9 to provide the power for the sliding thrust frame 9 to slide stably. During the test, the thrust source mechanism 2 pushes the sliding thrust frame 9 to move along the slide rail 4, which is used to change the position between the rotary simulation mechanism and the hob, and also provides the hob to simulate the extrusion force on the excavation face. .

As shown in FIG. 3, Embodiment 3 is a reliability test bench for a hob cutter seat. The rotary simulation mechanism includes a rotating shaft 3-3 that is rotatably arranged on a sliding thrust frame 9. The upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft are It is rotatably connected to the sliding thrust frame through bearings 3-4, wherein the bearings can be tapered roller bearings. The bearing at the upper part is sealed by the upper end cover 3-6, the bearing at the lower part is sealed by the lower end cover 3-5, the upper end cover 3-6 and the lower end cover 3-5 are connected with the sliding thrust frame 9 through the second screw 3-7. connection, wherein a washer 3-8 is provided between the upper bearing and the disc structure 5 . The rotating shaft 3-3 is connected with the motor 3-1 arranged on the sliding thrust frame 9 through the key I3-2, and the motor is located at the lower part of the sliding thrust frame 9. The rotating shaft 3-3 is provided with a disc structure 5 corresponding to the hob 11; the outer circumference of the disc structure 5 can be provided with grooves, as shown in Figure 6; the disc with "groove" is used for The stratum with uneven face surface is simulated, such as the stratum containing karst caves and fractured zones; the disc without "groove" is used to simulate the homogeneous full-section hard rock stratum, as shown in Figure 4. By replacing different disc structures, the simulation of different excavated rock layers can be realized. The rotation detection device 13 includes an encoder arranged at the output end of the motor 3-1, and the encoder is used to collect the rotational speed of the motor 3-1 in real time.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4 , the disk structure 5 includes a first disk block 5-1 and a second disk block 5-2, and the first disk block 5-1 and the second disk block 5-2 are formed by plugging and matching. Ring structure. In this embodiment, the first disk block 5-1 and the second disk block 5-2 are both arc-shaped plates, the end of the first disk block 5-1 is provided with a tenon block, and the tenon block is connected to the second disk block 5 -The eye sockets at the ends of the 2 are matched to form a complete ring. The ring structure is detachably connected with the sleeve 5-3 fixed on the rotating shaft 3-3. Specifically: the sleeve 5-3 is synchronously connected to the rotating shaft 3-3 through the key II 3-9, the lower part of the sleeve 5-3 is provided with a flange connection part 5-4, the first disc block 5-1 and the Both of the two disc blocks 5-2 are connected to the flange connecting portion 5-4 through the first screw 5-4.

Embodiment 4: As shown in FIG. 7, a test method of the described hob cutter seat reliability test bench, in this embodiment, the background controller includes a computer 15, a data acquisition card 14, a motor drive card 18 and The relief valve controller 16 controls the proportional relief valve 17 provided on the thrust source mechanism 2; the thrust source mechanism 2 adopts a thrust cylinder; the pressure detection device adopts a pressure sensor, and the rotation detection device adopts a motor encoder. The motor encoder 13 is installed on the motor 3-1 and can read the speed of the motor 3-1. The data of the pressure sensor and the motor encoder are transmitted to the computer 15 through the data acquisition card 14; the thrust cylinder passes through the proportional relief valve 17 and the overflow valve. The flow valve controller 16 is connected with the computer 15 ; the motor 3 - 1 and the computer 15 are connected through the motor drive card 18 . The thrust of the thrust cylinder is controlled by the computer 15, and the magnitude of the thrust of the thrust cylinder is collected in real time through the pressure sensor 8 to form a closed-loop control. The rotational speed of the motor 3-1 is controlled by the computer 15, and the rotational speed of the motor 3-1 is collected in real time by the motor encoder 13 to realize closed-loop control.

The specific steps of the test method of the hob cutter seat reliability test test bench are as follows:

S1: Select the disc structure 5 close to the stratum, and install the disc mechanism 5 on the rotary simulation mechanism; the thrust source mechanism 2 pushes the rotary simulation mechanism to the corresponding hob 11 through the sliding thrust frame 9 position so that the hob 11 is in contact with the disc mechanism 5 . Among them, the disk with "groove" is used to simulate the stratum with uneven face, such as the stratum containing karst caves and fractured zones; the disk without "groove" is used to simulate the uniform full-section hard rock stratum; Replace different disc structures to simulate different excavated rock layers.

S2: Test: Set the rotational speed n of the motor in the rotary simulation mechanism and the rated thrust F exerted on the hob 11 by the thrust source mechanism 2 as required, to ensure that the disc mechanism 5 and the hob 11 continue to act until the pressure of the tool seat The collapse amount X reaches the limit value X _MAX of the collapse amount; and record the test time t;

There are two ways to judge that the crushing amount X of the tool seat reaches the limit value X _MAX of the crushing amount, one is manual measurement and the other is intelligent measurement; when manual measurement is used, after a certain time t of the test, check the rolling The crushing deformation of the tool holder and the manual measurement of the movement of the hob shaft is the crushing amount x of the tool holder. When the crushing amount X of the tool holder reaches the limit value X _MAX of the crushing amount, it means that the cutter If the seat fails, stop the test;

When intelligent measurement is adopted: the distance measuring sensor 21 is set on the hob shaft to measure the movement of the hob shaft, and the movement of the hob shaft is the crushing amount x of the tool seat. When the limit value X _MAX of the crushing amount is reached, it means that the tool holder fails and the test is stopped.

S3: The life of the hob seat is represented by the excavation stroke s of the hob (that is, the length of the track rolled by the hob), where s=ntπd, and d is the diameter of the hob ring.

S4: Judge the reliability of the hob cutter seat in the corresponding construction stratum according to the s value. The larger the s value, the higher the reliability of the hob cutter seat in the corresponding construction stratum. Select the disc mechanism with "groove" and without "groove" for testing, which respectively represent the service life of the tool seat in the uneven stratum of the face and the uniform stratum.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (11)

1. A hob cutter seat reliability test bench, characterized in that: it comprises a seat body (1), and the seat body (1) is sequentially provided with a thrust source mechanism (2), a sliding thrust frame (9) and a cutter The seat assembly (20), the sliding type thrust frame (9) is provided with a rotary simulation mechanism, the thrust source mechanism (2) and the sliding type thrust frame (9) are detachably connected and a pressure detection device ( 8); the rotary simulation mechanism is provided with a rotation detection device (13), and the rotary simulation mechanism corresponds to the hob (11) of the tool seat assembly (20). 2. The hob cutter seat reliability test bench according to claim 1, wherein the cutter seat assembly (20) comprises a hob cutter seat (12), and the hob cutter seat (12) is fixed on the seat On the body (1), the hob (11) is detachably arranged in the hob seat (12), and a distance measuring sensor (21) is provided on the cutter shaft (19) of the hob (11), and the distance measuring sensor (21) ) is connected to the backend controller. 3. The hob cutter seat reliability test bench according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thrust source mechanism (2) comprises a thrust oil cylinder (201) and a support frame (202), and the thrust oil cylinder (202) ) is connected to the support frame (202) through the first hinge seat (203), and the telescopic end of the thrust cylinder (201) is connected to the pressure set on the sliding thrust frame (9) through the second hinge seat (7) The detection device (8) is connected. 4 . The reliability test bench for the hob cutter seat according to claim 3 , wherein the pressure detection device ( 8 ) comprises a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is connected to the background controller. 5 . 5. The hob cutter seat reliability test bench according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: the sliding thrust frame (9) is a C-shaped frame, and the C-shaped frame is connected to the base body (1). ) on the slide rail (4) for a sliding fit. 6. The hob cutter seat reliability test bench according to claim 5, wherein the slide rail (4) is symmetrically arranged on the seat body (1), and the thrust source mechanism (2) is connected to the sliding thrust the middle of the frame (9). 7. The hob cutter seat reliability test bench according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 6, wherein the rotary simulation mechanism comprises a rotating shaft (rotationally arranged on the sliding thrust frame (9) 3-3), the rotating shaft (3-3) is connected with the motor (3-1) arranged on the sliding thrust frame (9), and the rotating shaft (3-3) is provided with a hob (11) phase. The corresponding disc structure (5); the rotation detection device (13) comprises an encoder arranged at the output end of the motor (3-1). 8. The hob cutter seat reliability test bench according to claim 7, wherein the disc structure (5) comprises a first disc block (5-1) and a second disc block (5-2) ), the first disk block (5-1) and the second disk block (5-2) are inserted and matched to form a ring structure, and the ring structure and the sleeve (5-3) fixed on the rotating shaft (3-3) Detachable connection. 9 . The reliability test bench for the hob cutter seat according to claim 8 , wherein the sleeve ( 5 - 3 ) is synchronously rotatably connected with the shaft ( 3 - 3 ) through a key II ( 3 - 9 ). , the lower part of the sleeve (5-3) is provided with a flange connection part (5-4), and the first disk block (5-1) and the second disk block (5-2) are both connected by the first screw (5-4) ) is connected to the flange connection part (5-4). 10. A test method for the reliability test bench of the hob cutter seat according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the steps are as follows: S1: Select a disc structure (5) similar to the stratum, and install the disc mechanism (5) on the rotary simulation mechanism; the thrust source mechanism (2) pushes the rotary simulation mechanism through the sliding thrust frame (9). to the position corresponding to the hob (11), so that the hob (11) is in contact with the disc mechanism (5); S2: Test: Set the rotational speed n of the motor in the rotary simulation mechanism and the rated thrust F exerted by the thrust source mechanism (2) on the hob (11) as required, to ensure that the disc mechanism (5) and the hob (11) Continue to act until the crushing amount X of the tool seat reaches the limit value X _MAX of the crushing amount; and record the test time t; S3: Use the excavation stroke s of the hob to represent the life of the hob seat, where s=ntπd, d is the diameter of the hob ring; S4: Judge the reliability of the hob cutter seat in the corresponding construction stratum according to the s value. The larger the s value, the higher the reliability of the hob cutter seat in the corresponding construction stratum. 11. The test method of the hob cutter seat reliability test bench according to claim 10, characterized in that: in step S2, there are two ways of judging that the crush amount X of the cutter seat reaches the limit value X _MAX of the crush amount. There are two kinds, one is manual measurement and the other is intelligent measurement; When manual measurement is used, after a certain time t of the test, check the crushing deformation of the hob cutter seat, and manually measure the movement of the hob cutter shaft, which is the crushing amount x of the cutter seat. When the crushing amount of the cutter seat is When X reaches the limit value X _MAX of the crushing amount, it means that the tool seat fails and the test is stopped; When intelligent measurement is adopted: a distance measuring sensor (21) is installed on the hob shaft to measure the movement of the hob shaft. The movement of the hob shaft is the crushing amount x of the tool seat. When the amount X reaches the limit value X _MAX of the crushing amount, it means that the tool seat fails and the test is stopped.

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