CN114294028A - Tunnel arch removal and replacement auxiliary trolley and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Tunnel arch removal and replacement auxiliary trolley and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114294028A CN114294028A CN202111375904.9A CN202111375904A CN114294028A CN 114294028 A CN114294028 A CN 114294028A CN 202111375904 A CN202111375904 A CN 202111375904A CN 114294028 A CN114294028 A CN 114294028A
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses an auxiliary trolley for tunnel arch removal and replacement and a construction method thereof. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the movable type arch changing trolley is flexible in movement and capable of providing temporary support, and the size of a temporary support steel arch can be changed and adjusted within a certain circumferential range to adapt to the change of the tunnel diameter. In addition, the distance between the two temporary retaining arches can be adjusted back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel so as to adapt to the change of the distance between the primary support steel arches of the tunnel. By means of the movable arch-changing trolley, the safe and quick replacement of the steel arch centering of the primary support deformation intrusion limit local part (vault and side wall) of the tunnel can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an arch replacing auxiliary trolley, in particular to a tunnel arch disassembling and replacing auxiliary trolley and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction.
Background
In the construction of mountain tunnel engineering, adverse geological sections are often encountered, joint cracks develop, the rock quality is softer, the self-stability capability is poor, and problems of vault subsidence, primary support cracking and limit invasion and the like can occur. Particularly, in the construction of an expansive rock section, the surrounding rock can expand and soften in different degrees when meeting water, the deformation is further increased, even if high-strength support and large reserved deformation are adopted, the primary support intrusion limit can also occur, in addition, because the tunnel buried depth is large, the ground stress level borne by the surrounding rock is high, and the surrounding rock deforms greatly along with the release of the ground stress in the tunnel excavation process, so that the primary support steel arch frame bears large stress, and the problems that the primary support deformation is too large, the intrusion limit is excessive or the support capacity is insufficient are easy to occur. In the field construction process, the problem of limit invasion of primary support occurs for many times, particularly in the core construction section passing through the fault fracture zone, the surrounding rock deformation is larger, the primary support deformation is more serious, partial or all supporting capability is lost, and the primary support steel arch centering with serious deformation needs to be scientifically and reasonably disassembled and replaced, so that the tunnel construction quality and safety are ensured.
The problem that needs to pay special attention to is to crossing broken area extrusion nature weak surrounding rock tunnel just prop up and invade limit and need change when encircleing, because relatively poor surrounding rock condition and construction environment, the risk factor that the arch changing process faces is more complicated and changeable, and the construction risk is high, the degree of difficulty, big, inefficiency, and constructor and machines and tools equipment's safety can receive great threat.
The existing technology for removing and replacing the arch aiming at the primary support deformation limit invasion of mountain tunnel excavation mainly adopts the steps of carrying out back pressure backfill in the arch replacing range, or adopting a simple rack to create an arch replacing operation platform and then carrying out arch replacing operation. In addition, the temporary support adopted in the prior art is generally not reusable, a steel arch frame used for the temporary support needs to be customized according to the field situation, the convenience is poor, and field workers face a great risk when the temporary support is applied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an auxiliary trolley for tunnel arch removal and replacement and a construction method thereof.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme: an arch-replacing auxiliary trolley for tunnel dismantling comprises
A temporary arch protector which is arranged outside the door-shaped frame of the auxiliary trolley and is designed in a double-arch frame and sectional mode;
the working platform is used for providing a working space for workers, is positioned in the middle of the temporary protective arches on the two sides, and is fixed on the steel frame of the auxiliary trolley through welding;
and the horizontal sliding rails are used for driving the temporary retaining arches to move back and forth along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel along the field, are arranged on two sides of the steel frame of the auxiliary trolley and are positioned below the door-shaped frame provided with the temporary retaining arches.
As a still further scheme of the invention: in the embodiment of the invention, one end of each temporary arch protector of the adjacent sections is designed as a groove, the other end of each temporary arch protector is designed as a protrusion, and the grooves and the protrusions are connected through fixing bolts after being embedded.
As a still further scheme of the invention: in the embodiment of the invention, a hydraulic jack A is arranged between the temporary arch protection 1 and the portal frame of the auxiliary trolley, the bottom end of the hydraulic jack A is rigidly connected to the portal frame through a bolt, and the movable top end of the hydraulic jack A is hinged with a fixed pedestal arranged below the hinged part of the temporary arch protection through a bolt.
As a still further scheme of the invention: in the embodiment of the invention, a certain number of rubber tires with certain size are arranged at the front, the rear and the middle parts of the steel frame of the auxiliary trolley, and two rubber tires at each position are distributed and arranged at two sides of the steel frame.
As a still further scheme of the invention: in the embodiment of the invention, one side of the installation position of the rubber tire is provided with the hydraulic support leg, when the arch changing trolley needs to move, the hydraulic support leg is controlled to retract and retract, and when the trolley moves to the operation position.
As a still further scheme of the invention: in the embodiment of the invention, the operation platform is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer.
As a still further scheme of the invention: a hydraulic jack B is connected between the door-shaped frame of the auxiliary trolley and a steel frame of the auxiliary trolley, which is positioned on the door-shaped frame.
An auxiliary trolley for tunnel arch removal and replacement is provided, and the construction method comprises the following steps
(1) Preparation before construction
Firstly, laying settlement observation points. And (3) encrypting and monitoring measurement points at the arch change section, determining the distance between each monitoring point according to the actual situation on site, enhancing the observation frequency by a measurer, feeding data back to a field technician in time, and ensuring that the deformation of the surrounding rock is within a safe allowable range to allow the entry construction of the arch change trolley.
Secondly, the movable arch changing trolley is comprehensively checked, and all functions of the trolley are ensured to be normal. The size of the steel arch frame of the temporary arch protection on the arch replacing trolley is adjusted to ensure that the trolley can smoothly enter a field without touching the contour surface of the tunnel.
And thirdly, the ground in the arch changing range is cleaned and checked, so that the trolley can enter the field safely, and sufficient support is provided for the arch changing trolley.
(2) Temporary support provided by arch changing trolley
After settlement observation meets requirements, the movable arch replacing trolley runs to the position below the position needing arch replacement, the distance between two temporary arch protectors is adjusted, the distance needs to ensure enough construction space and good supporting effect, and 1-2 arch frame distances can be selected. By controlling the extension of the hydraulic jack A, the protective arch is expanded along the annular direction and supported on two sides of the steel arch frame needing arch changing, and temporary support is provided for surrounding rocks of the arch changing operation section. After the temporary support is completed, high-frequency settlement monitoring needs to be carried out on the settlement observation point, and the support effect of the temporary support can meet the safety construction requirement.
(3) Reinforcing surrounding rock in arch changing range
After the arch changing trolley provides temporary support, in order to enhance the strength and stability of the surrounding rock, the surrounding rock in a certain range of the arch changing position needs to be reinforced, and an anchor rod can be arranged for grouting reinforcement. Under the temporary arch protection provided by the arch changing trolley, constructors punch anchor rods on an operation platform of the arch changing trolley and carry out grouting reinforcement construction operation.
For the parts with serious deformation of the primary support steel arch, two groups of foot-locking anchor rods are arranged at proper positions above the deformation position and in proper positions in the front and at the back of the deformation section, the foot-locking anchor rods are arranged at each side, seamless steel pipes are selected as the foot-locking anchor rods, the arranging angle is controlled to be 30-45 degrees, the arranging depth is controlled to be more than 95% of the total length of the anchor rods, hot-rolled ribbed U-shaped ribs are used for welding, the welding quality with the foot-locking anchor rods and the inner arc of the steel arch is ensured during welding, and the common stress is ensured.
(4) Deformed primary support steel arch frame dismantling method
And for the arch part to be changed, chiseling the concrete on the inner arc surface of the steel arch and the periphery of the steel arch, and chiseling the part protruding out of the contour line to ensure the initial clearance. The electric pick is manually used for processing, and in order to ensure that the steel arch frame is not damaged by large external force, a cannon hammer is forbidden to be used for processing.
When the arch is partially disassembled, the principle of sequentially disassembling the arch from top to bottom is followed. The steel bow member cutting position will use the total powerstation to put the point in advance to use red to spray paint and mark at the cutting point position, site constructor utilizes the plasma cutting machine to cut, will guarantee steel bow member incision parallel and level as far as possible during the cutting, the interface is straight and complete when being convenient for change the arch. After the total station is used for placing points, numbering each steel arch, acquiring the specific arch changing size of each arch changing steel arch by field management personnel according to the measurement result, and accurately processing and numbering by a steel structure processing center according to the numbering size so as to be convenient for transportation to the field and construction.
(5) Installing new primary support steel arch frame
When a new primary steel arch is installed on site, the webs on the two sides of the steel arch are welded by thick steel plates, and the inner arc of the steel arch is welded by the thick steel plates. The welding seam is full during welding, and the problems of welding missing, welding incompact and the like are avoided.
And after the arch of the steel arch is changed, the steel bar mesh and the connecting steel bars are welded again to ensure the lap joint length and the welding quality, and concrete is sprayed again, wherein the inner arc protective layer of the steel arch is 2cm of concrete. Before spraying concrete, checking whether the size is correct again to ensure that secondary undermining is not caused. When a new primary support steel arch is installed on site, settlement and convergence observation are carried out on the primary support steel arch on site, once the primary support is found to be large in deformation, construction is stopped immediately, and personnel are withdrawn.
(6) Temporary support for withdrawing of arch changing trolley
After arch changing is completed, all constructors leave the site, the retraction of a hydraulic jack A2 is controlled, so that the size of a temporary arch protection on the arch changing trolley is reduced along the annular direction to realize arch protection retraction, then high-frequency settlement observation is carried out on the primary support, and after the deformation of the primary support meets the construction safety requirement, the arch changing trolley is driven away to the next position needing arch changing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the movable arch-changing trolley is provided with a reasonable walking and supporting device, can freely move in a tunnel and adjust the walking direction within a certain range, and is supported to bear the self-stabilizing supporting capacity meeting the construction requirement;
2. the movable arch-changing trolley can provide temporary arch protection, can support the temporary arch protection at reasonable positions on two sides of a steel arch frame needing to be changed in the arch-changing construction process, inhibits surrounding rocks from continuously deforming, provides a safe operation space for constructors, and ensures the safety of arch-changing operators. After arch replacement is completed, the temporary arch protection can be removed integrally, so that the temporary arch protection can be reused;
3. the temporary arch protection device can adapt to the change of the tunnel diameter, and the circumferential size of the temporary arch protection of the movable arch changing trolley can be adjusted within a certain range; in addition, the position of the temporary arch protection of the movable arch-changing trolley on the trolley can be moved in a certain range, and the temporary arch protection can be supported at reasonable positions on two sides of the steel arch frame needing to be changed, so that the change of the longitudinal arrangement distance of the primary support steel arch frame in the tunnel is adapted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a movable arch-changing trolley according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the temporary retaining arch joint structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a temporary arch support joint structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a temporary retaining arch of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the construction process of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of the steel arch of the present invention in an arch-changing position;
fig. 7 is an elevation view of structural steel arch change of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the temporary arch protection system comprises a temporary arch protection device, 2 hydraulic jacks A and 3, rubber tires, 4 hydraulic support legs, 5 an operation platform, 6 hydraulic jacks B and 7, horizontal sliding rails, 8 fixing bolts, 9 fixing pedestals.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, an auxiliary trolley for tunnel arch removal and replacement comprises
A temporary arch protector 1 which is arranged outside the door-shaped frame of the auxiliary trolley and is designed in a double-arch frame and sectional mode;
the working platform 5 is used for providing a working space for workers, is positioned in the middle of the temporary protective arches 1 on the two sides, and is fixed on a steel frame of the auxiliary trolley through welding;
and the horizontal sliding rails 7 are used for driving the temporary retaining arches 1 to move back and forth along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel along the field, are arranged on two sides of the steel frame of the auxiliary trolley and are positioned below the door-shaped frame provided with the temporary retaining arches 1.
In the embodiment of the invention, one end of each temporary arch protector 1 of the adjacent segments is designed as a groove, the other end is designed as a protrusion, the grooves and the protrusions are connected through the fixing bolts 8 after being embedded, the temporary arch protectors 1 of the adjacent segments are hinged, the temporary arch protector steel arch frame can rotate for a certain angle along the annular direction, and the size of the arch protector can be adjusted within a certain range, so that the equivalent radius of the temporary arch protector 1 can be changed within a certain range, and the segmented arch protector can better fit with the tunnel excavation profile.
In the embodiment of the invention, a hydraulic jack A2 is arranged between the temporary arch protection 1 and the portal frame of the auxiliary trolley, the bottom end of the hydraulic jack A2 is rigidly connected to the portal frame through a bolt, the movable top end of the hydraulic jack A2 is hinged to a fixed pedestal 9 arranged below the hinged part of the temporary arch protection 1 through a bolt, the equivalent dimension of the temporary arch protection 1 is changed within a certain range through jacking and retracting of the hydraulic jack A2, the hydraulic jack A2 can be ensured to have sufficient stability, the load applied to the temporary arch protection 1 and surrounding rocks can be better supported, and the safety of arch change operation is guaranteed.
In the embodiment of the invention, a certain number of rubber tires 3 with certain size are arranged at the front, the back and the middle parts of the steel frame of the auxiliary trolley, and two rubber tires 3 at each part are distributed and arranged at two sides of the steel frame, so that the mobility of the trolley is realized, and the trolley can walk more stably.
In the embodiment of the invention, one side of the installation position of the rubber tire 3 is provided with the hydraulic support leg 4, when the arch changing trolley needs to move, the hydraulic support leg 4 is controlled to retract and retract, when the trolley moves to the operation position, the hydraulic support leg 4 is controlled to push and extend, so that part or all of the load borne by the rubber tire 3 is transferred to the hydraulic support leg 4, the integral bearing capacity and stability of the trolley can be improved, and the construction operation safety is ensured.
In the embodiment of the invention, the operation platform 5 is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, so that a spacious platform can be provided for construction operators, and the requirements of operations such as dismantling and installing a primary support arch frame, drilling and anchoring, grouting and the like can be met.
In the embodiment of the invention, a hydraulic jack B6 is connected between the door-shaped frame of the auxiliary trolley and the steel frame of the auxiliary trolley positioned on the door-shaped frame, and the temporary arch support 1 can move back and forth within a certain range by pushing and contracting the hydraulic jack B6 so as to adapt to the change of the distance between the primary support steel arches.
Example two
Referring to fig. 5 to 7, a tunnel arch removal and replacement auxiliary trolley, the construction method thereof includes the following steps
(1) Preparation before construction
Firstly, laying settlement observation points. And (3) encrypting and monitoring measurement points at the arch change section, determining the distance between each monitoring point according to the actual situation on site, enhancing the observation frequency by a measurer, feeding data back to a field technician in time, and ensuring that the deformation of the surrounding rock is within a safe allowable range to allow the entry construction of the arch change trolley.
Secondly, the movable arch changing trolley is comprehensively checked, and all functions of the trolley are ensured to be normal. The size of the steel arch frame of the temporary arch protection on the arch replacing trolley is adjusted to ensure that the trolley can smoothly enter a field without touching the contour surface of the tunnel.
And thirdly, the ground in the arch changing range is cleaned and checked, so that the trolley can enter the field safely, and sufficient support is provided for the arch changing trolley.
(2) Temporary support provided by arch changing trolley
After settlement observation meets requirements, the movable arch replacing trolley runs to the position below the position needing arch replacement, the distance between the two temporary arch protectors 1 is adjusted, the distance needs to ensure enough construction space and good supporting effect, and 1-2 arch frame distances can be selected. By controlling the extension of the hydraulic jack A2, the protective arch is expanded along the annular direction and supported on two sides of the steel arch frame needing arch changing, and temporary support is provided for surrounding rocks of the arch changing operation section. After the temporary support is completed, high-frequency settlement monitoring needs to be carried out on the settlement observation point, and the support effect of the temporary support can meet the safety construction requirement.
(3) Reinforcing surrounding rock in arch changing range
After the arch changing trolley provides temporary support, in order to enhance the strength and stability of the surrounding rock, the surrounding rock in a certain range of the arch changing position needs to be reinforced, and an anchor rod can be arranged for grouting reinforcement. Under the temporary arch protection provided by the arch changing trolley, constructors punch anchor rods on an operation platform of the arch changing trolley and carry out grouting reinforcement construction operation.
For the parts with serious deformation of the primary support steel arch, two groups of foot-locking anchor rods are arranged at proper positions above the deformation position and in proper positions in the front and at the back of the deformation section, the foot-locking anchor rods are arranged at each side, seamless steel pipes are selected as the foot-locking anchor rods, the arranging angle is controlled to be 30-45 degrees, the arranging depth is controlled to be more than 95% of the total length of the anchor rods, hot-rolled ribbed U-shaped ribs are used for welding, the welding quality with the foot-locking anchor rods and the inner arc of the steel arch is ensured during welding, and the common stress is ensured.
(4) Deformed primary support steel arch frame dismantling method
And for the arch part to be changed, chiseling the concrete on the inner arc surface of the steel arch and the periphery of the steel arch, and chiseling the part protruding out of the contour line to ensure the initial clearance. The electric pick is manually used for processing, and in order to ensure that the steel arch frame is not damaged by large external force, a cannon hammer is forbidden to be used for processing.
When the arch is partially disassembled, the principle of sequentially disassembling the arch from top to bottom is followed. The steel bow member cutting position will use the total powerstation to put the point in advance to use red to spray paint and mark at the cutting point position, site constructor utilizes the plasma cutting machine to cut, will guarantee steel bow member incision parallel and level as far as possible during the cutting, the interface is straight and complete when being convenient for change the arch. After the total station is used for placing points, numbering each steel arch, acquiring the specific arch changing size of each arch changing steel arch by field management personnel according to the measurement result, and accurately processing and numbering by a steel structure processing center according to the numbering size so as to be convenient for transportation to the field and construction.
(5) Installing new primary support steel arch frame
When a new primary steel arch is installed on site, the webs on the two sides of the steel arch are welded by thick steel plates, and the inner arc of the steel arch is welded by the thick steel plates. The welding seam is full during welding, and the problems of welding missing, welding incompact and the like are avoided.
And after the arch of the steel arch is changed, the steel bar mesh and the connecting steel bars are welded again to ensure the lap joint length and the welding quality, and concrete is sprayed again, wherein the inner arc protective layer of the steel arch is 2cm of concrete. Before spraying concrete, checking whether the size is correct again to ensure that secondary undermining is not caused. When a new primary support steel arch is installed on site, settlement and convergence observation are carried out on the primary support steel arch on site, once the primary support is found to be large in deformation, construction is stopped immediately, and personnel are withdrawn.
(6) Temporary support for withdrawing of arch changing trolley
After arch changing is completed, all constructors leave the site, the retraction of a hydraulic jack A2 is controlled, so that the size of a temporary arch protection on the arch changing trolley is reduced along the annular direction to realize arch protection retraction, then high-frequency settlement observation is carried out on the primary support, and after the deformation of the primary support meets the construction safety requirement, the arch changing trolley is driven away to the next position needing arch changing.
The working principle is as follows: realize freely removing in the tunnel through rubber tyre 3 to support through hydraulic leg 4 makes the platform truck bear the bearing of satisfying the construction requirement from steady ability, can protect the arch temporarily and support in the steel bow member both sides reasonable position department that need trade the arch in the arch changing work progress, restrain the country rock and last the deformation, provide a safe operating space for the constructor, guarantee to trade the safety of encircleing operating personnel. After arch replacement is completed, the temporary arch protection can be removed integrally, so that the temporary arch protection can be reused; the annular size of the temporary arch protection of the movable arch changing trolley can be adjusted within a certain range; in addition, the position of the temporary arch protection of the movable arch-changing trolley on the trolley can be moved in a certain range, and the temporary arch protection can be supported at reasonable positions on two sides of the steel arch frame needing to be changed, so that the change of the longitudinal arrangement distance of the primary support steel arch frame in the tunnel is adapted.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a tunnel is torn open and is traded a supplementary platform truck which characterized in that: comprises that
A temporary protective arch (1) which is arranged outside the door-shaped frame of the auxiliary trolley and is designed in a double-arch frame and a sectional mode;
the working platform (5) is used for providing a working space for workers, is positioned in the middle of the temporary protective arches (1) on the two sides, and is fixed on a steel frame of the auxiliary trolley through welding;
and the horizontal sliding rails (7) are used for driving the temporary retaining arches (1) to move back and forth along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel along the site, are arranged on two sides of the steel frame of the auxiliary trolley and are positioned below the door-shaped frame provided with the temporary retaining arches (1).
2. A tunnel arch-changing auxiliary trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of each temporary protection arch (1) of the adjacent sections is designed as a groove, the other end of each temporary protection arch is designed as a protrusion, and the grooves and the protrusions are connected through fixing bolts (8) after being embedded.
3. A tunnel arch-changing auxiliary trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: be provided with hydraulic jack A (2) between the door type frame of interim fender arch (1) and this auxiliary trolley, the bottom of hydraulic jack A (2) is passed through on the bolt rigid connection door type frame, the activity top of hydraulic jack A (2) and the fixed pedestal (9) that articulated department below setting of interim fender arch (1) are articulated continuous through the bolt.
4. A tunnel arch-changing auxiliary trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: rubber tires (3) are arranged at the front and rear parts and the middle part of a steel frame of the auxiliary trolley, and two rubber tires (3) at each part are distributed and arranged at two sides of the steel frame.
5. The tunnel arch removal and exchange auxiliary trolley as claimed in claim 4, wherein: and one side of the mounting position of the rubber tire (3) is provided with a hydraulic support leg (4).
6. A tunnel arch-changing auxiliary trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: the operation platform (5) is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer.
7. A tunnel arch-changing auxiliary trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: a hydraulic jack B (6) is connected between the door-shaped frame of the auxiliary trolley and a steel frame of the auxiliary trolley positioned on the door-shaped frame.
8. A construction method of the tunnel arch removal and replacement auxiliary trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: the construction method comprises the following steps
(1) Preparation before construction
Firstly, laying settlement observation points, encrypting monitoring quantity measuring points at an arch change section, determining the distance between each monitoring point according to the actual situation of the site, enhancing the observation frequency by a measurer, feeding data back to a field technician in time, and ensuring that the deformation of surrounding rocks is within a safe allowable range so as to allow the entry construction of an arch change trolley;
comprehensively checking the movable arch-changing trolley to ensure that all functions of the trolley are normal, adjusting the size of a steel arch frame of a temporary arch protection on the arch-changing trolley, and ensuring that the trolley can smoothly enter a field without touching a tunnel contour surface;
thirdly, cleaning and checking the ground in the arch changing range to ensure that the trolley can safely enter the field and provide enough support for the arch changing trolley;
(2) temporary support provided by arch changing trolley
After settlement observation meets requirements, the movable arch-changing trolley runs to the position below an arch-changing position, the distance between two temporary arch guards (1) is adjusted, the distance needs to ensure enough construction space and good supporting effect, 1-2 arch brace intervals can be selected, the arch guards are expanded along the annular direction by controlling the extension of a hydraulic jack A (2) and are supported on two sides of the steel arch brace needing arch changing, temporary support is provided for surrounding rocks of an arch-changing operation section, after the temporary support is finished, high-frequency settlement monitoring needs to be carried out on a settlement observation point, and the supporting effect of the temporary support can meet the safe construction requirements;
(3) reinforcing surrounding rock in arch changing range
After the arch changing trolley provides temporary support, in order to enhance the strength and stability of surrounding rocks, the reinforcing treatment needs to be carried out on the surrounding rocks within a certain range of an arch changing part, an anchor rod can be arranged for grouting reinforcement, and under the protection of temporary arch protection provided by the arch changing trolley, constructors arrange the anchor rod on an operation platform of the arch changing trolley and carry out grouting reinforcement construction operation;
for the parts with serious deformation of the primary support steel arch, two groups of foot-locking anchor rods are arranged at proper positions above the deformation position and in proper positions in front of and behind the deformation section, the foot-locking anchor rods are arranged at each side, seamless steel pipes are selected as the foot-locking anchor rods, the arranging angle is controlled to be 30-45 degrees, the arranging depth is controlled to be more than 95% of the total length of the anchor rods, hot-rolled ribbed U-shaped ribs are used for welding, the welding quality with the foot-locking anchor rods and the inner arc of the steel arch is ensured during welding, and the common stress is ensured;
(4) deformed primary support steel arch frame dismantling method
Chiseling the concrete on the inner arc surface of the steel arch and the periphery of the steel arch at the position where the arch is to be changed, chiseling the part protruding out of the contour line to ensure the clearance of primary support, manually using an electric pick to process, and forbidding to use a hammer to process in order to ensure that the steel arch is not damaged by large external force;
when locally removing and replacing arches, the principle of sequentially removing arches in sections from top to bottom is followed, the cutting position of the steel arch frame is placed by using a total station in advance, red spray paint is used for marking the position of the cutting point, a site constructor uses a plasma cutting machine for cutting, the cut of the steel arch frame is guaranteed to be level as much as possible during cutting, an interface is convenient to straighten and complete when the arches are replaced, each steel arch frame is numbered after the point is placed by using the total station, a site manager obtains the specific arch replacing size of each arch frame according to the measuring result, a steel structure machining center carries out accurate machining according to the number size, the numbering is carried out, and the construction is convenient when the steel arch frame is transported to the site;
(5) installing new primary support steel arch frame
When a new primary steel arch is installed on site, the webs on the two sides of the steel arch are welded by using thick steel plates, and the inner arc of the steel arch is welded by using the thick steel plates;
after the steel arch frame is changed, welding the reinforcing mesh and the connecting reinforcing steel bars again to ensure the lap joint length and the welding quality, and spraying concrete again, wherein the inner arc protective layer of the steel arch frame is 2cm of concrete; whether the dimension is correct or not is checked again before concrete is sprayed, secondary undermining is guaranteed not to be caused, when a new primary support steel arch is installed on site, settlement and convergence observation are carried out on the primary support steel arch on site, once the primary support is found to be large in deformation, construction is stopped immediately, and personnel are withdrawn;
(6) temporary support for withdrawing of arch changing trolley
After arch changing is completed, all constructors leave the site, the retraction of the hydraulic jack A (2) is controlled, so that the size of a temporary arch protection on the arch changing trolley is reduced along the annular direction to realize arch protection retraction, then high-frequency settlement observation is carried out on the primary support, and after the deformation of the primary support meets the construction safety requirement, the arch changing trolley is driven away to the next position needing arch changing.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116927831A (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-10-24 | 湖南省通盛工程有限公司 | Tunnel arch protection integral dismounting equipment and construction method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116927831A (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-10-24 | 湖南省通盛工程有限公司 | Tunnel arch protection integral dismounting equipment and construction method |
| CN116927831B (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-12-19 | 湖南省通盛工程有限公司 | Tunnel arch protection integral dismounting equipment and construction method |
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