CN114293677A

CN114293677A - Assembled building external wall insulation device

Info

Publication number: CN114293677A
Application number: CN202111481485.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴磊; 陶宝华; 朱赋; 薛竣
Original assignee: Nantong Keda Building Materials Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Nantong Keda Building Materials Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-07
Filing date: 2021-12-07
Publication date: 2022-04-08
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-07
Also published as: CN114293677B

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembly type building outer wall heat preservation device, which relates to the technical field of building outer wall heat preservation and comprises a plurality of heat preservation assemblies, fixing assemblies, ventilating assemblies, inner heat preservation plates, outer protection plates and outer frame plates. The heat insulation component can collect the temperature difference energy of the inner layer and the outer layer of the building in the daytime and convert the temperature difference energy into heat at night, plays a role in heat insulation of the outer wall of the building, and greatly improves the overall environmental protection performance of the device.

Description

Assembled building external wall insulation device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building external wall heat insulation, in particular to an assembly type building external wall heat insulation device.

Background

With the continuous promotion of western construction, the construction sites in the western region are more and more. And for the convenience of work, construction workers usually build temporary dwellings beside construction sites through fabricated buildings, and because the temperature difference between day and night in western regions is very large, the heat insulation performance of the fabricated buildings is poor, the temperature in the buildings can be rapidly reduced at night, and the normal rest of the workers is influenced. Aiming at the problem, the heat preservation device is generally installed on the outer wall of a building to solve the problem, but the traditional outer wall heat preservation device can only block heat transfer, the heat preservation effect is not good aiming at the extremely low night temperature in western regions, the installation of a heat supply system is not practical in the environment of a construction site, the temperature is completely adjusted through an indoor air conditioner, a large amount of electric energy is consumed, and a device capable of effectively keeping the temperature of the wall body is urgently needed at present. On the other hand, the outer wall heat preservation device is installed on the building outer wall with a block plate structure, because machining error, there can be certain difference in weight and the structure of every heat preservation device, and building site can arouse the comparatively frequent vibrations in ground when the construction, this kind of vibrations transmit the heat preservation device of installation on the building outer wall on, the difference of weight and structure can lead to different heat preservation device to produce different vibration frequency and vibration amplitude, this can lead to producing relative oppression between the heat preservation device of difference, thereby influence heat preservation device's installation intensity and structural stability. The traditional building outer wall heat preservation device lacks necessary ventilation system, and moisture accumulates in the heat preservation device easily, has influenced heat preservation device's life.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an assembly type building outer wall heat preservation device to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an assembly type building external wall heat preservation device comprises a plurality of heat preservation assemblies, a fixing assembly, a ventilation assembly, an inner heat preservation plate, an outer protection plate and an outer frame plate, wherein the heat preservation assemblies are uniformly distributed in the inner heat preservation plate, one side of the inner heat preservation plate is attached to the outer wall surface, the other side of the inner heat preservation plate is fixedly connected with the outer protection plate, the outer frame plate is sleeved on the cutting surfaces of the four sides of the inner heat preservation plate and the outer protection plate, the fixing assembly is arranged on the outer frame plate, the ventilation assembly is provided with a plurality of ventilation assemblies, the ventilation assemblies are uniformly distributed in the outer protection plate, interior heated board divide into the three-layer, and interior heated board includes outer splint, interior splint, filling layer, and outer splint one side and outer protection plate fastening connection, outer splint opposite side and filling layer fastening connection, one side and the interior splint fastening connection of outer splint are kept away from to the filling layer, and one side and the outer wall face that the filling layer was kept away from to the interior splint are laminated mutually. The heat insulation component can collect the temperature difference energy of the inner layer and the outer layer of the building in the daytime and convert the temperature difference energy into heat at night, plays a role in heat insulation of the outer wall of the building, and greatly improves the overall environmental protection performance of the device. The self-adjusting part self-adaptively adjusts the distance of the push plate according to the external temperature difference, ensures that the compression degree of the heat insulation filler in the heat preservation device on two sides can always be kept at a stable level, and provides guarantee for the structural strength of the heat preservation device. The fixed component can separate each heat preservation device by oneself when daytime is under construction, can avoid vibrations to the influence of wall structure on the one hand, on the other hand, also can cushion the thermal energy of wall body and filling layer, reduces the wall body internal stress. The first ventilation part and the second ventilation part selectively introduce the dry gas with proper temperature into the filling layer, so that the moisture in the filling layer is removed, and the service life of the heat preservation device is prolonged. The fire prevention part turns into the displacement with the difference in temperature, controls the mixture of solution, and then can in time produce the foam when the external fire source appears and keep apart.

Furthermore, the heat preservation component comprises a first copper sheet, a second copper sheet, an N-type semiconductor effect bar, a P-type semiconductor effect bar, an energy storage battery, a first contact plate, a second contact plate and a mounting sleeve, a plurality of slots are arranged on the filling layer, a plurality of heat preservation components are respectively arranged in each slot, one ends of the N-type semiconductor effect bar and the P-type semiconductor effect bar are respectively fastened and connected with the first copper sheet near the two sides, one side of the first copper sheet far away from the N-type semiconductor effect bar and the P-type semiconductor effect bar is fastened and connected with the first contact plate, the number of the second copper sheets is two, one ends of the N-type semiconductor effect bar and the P-type semiconductor effect bar far away from the first copper sheets are respectively fastened and connected with different second copper sheets, one side of the second copper sheet far away from the N-type semiconductor effect bar and the P-type semiconductor effect bar is fastened and connected with the second contact plate, the second copper sheets are communicated with the energy storage battery through different wires, energy storage battery and installation sleeve inside wall fastening connection, installation sleeve with N type semiconductor effect stick, P type semiconductor effect stick cover inside, installation sleeve one end and first contact plate fastening connection, the installation sleeve other end and second contact plate fastening connection, the one side of outer guard plate is kept away from at outer splint to first contact plate laminating, the one side that the filling layer is close to splint including the laminating of second contact plate. The temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the building is large in the western region due to large day and night temperature difference, the first contact plate receives heat transmitted from the inside of the building, the second contact plate receives external heat, temperature difference can be generated on the first copper sheet and the second copper sheet, so that seebeck potential difference can be generated on the N-type semiconductor effect bar and the P-type semiconductor effect bar due to the temperature difference between the two ends, the current carriers can directionally move under the influence of potential difference, and finally directional current can be generated in a loop formed by the N-type semiconductor effect bar, the P-type semiconductor effect bar, the first copper sheet, the second copper sheet and the energy storage battery, the directional current can charge the energy storage battery, the control unit is arranged in the energy storage battery, the control unit can control the energy storage battery to discharge outwards at night, and the current carriers directionally move under the action of an external electric field, the first copper sheet gives off heat outwards, and the second copper sheet absorbs heat inwards, so that energy collected in the day can be converted into heat energy at night, and the heat preservation effect is achieved on the outer wall of the building.

Furthermore, the heat preservation component also comprises a self-adjusting component, the self-adjusting component comprises a spiral wire pipe, a magnetic strip, a first piston plate, a first piston cylinder, a second piston plate, a second piston cylinder, an adjusting rod, a push plate and a folding sleeve, the spiral wire pipe is fixedly connected with a second contact plate, the first piston cylinder is fixedly connected with the first contact plate, one end of the magnetic strip extends into the spiral wire pipe, the other end of the magnetic strip extends into the first piston cylinder, one end of the magnetic strip extending into the first piston cylinder is fixedly connected with the first piston plate, the first piston plate is slidably connected with the first piston cylinder, the second piston cylinder is fixedly connected with the outer wall surface of the mounting sleeve, the second piston plate is slidably connected with the second piston cylinder, the first piston cylinder is mutually communicated with the second piston cylinder through a pipeline, one end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected with the second piston plate, the other end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected with the push plate, the outer edge of the push plate is fixedly connected with one end of the folding sleeve, one end of the folding sleeve far away from the push plate is fixedly connected with the outer wall surface of the mounting sleeve. According to the invention, the change-over switch is connected in series on the connecting line of the second copper sheet and the energy storage battery, two ends of the spiral pipe are connected with the change-over switch, the change-over switch determines the working state of the energy storage battery through the inductor, when the external temperature is high in the daytime, the energy storage battery is in a continuous charging state, at the moment, the change-over switch inputs current from one side of the spiral pipe close to the second contact plate and outputs the current from one side of the spiral pipe far away from the second contact plate, when the external temperature is reduced at night, the energy storage battery outputs electric energy to preserve heat inside the house, and at the moment, the change-over switch inputs current from one side of the spiral pipe far away from the second contact plate and outputs the current from one side close to the second contact plate. The switch for controlling the conducting direction of the circuit is a conventional technical means in the field, and the specific structure is not described. Thermal-insulated filler has been filled up in the filling layer, and certain inflation and shrink can appear along with ambient temperature change to thermal-insulated filler, and this can change the structural stability of wall body with the deformation process, and then influences the intensity in house. According to the invention, the current input direction is switched when the temperature of the spiral pipe changes day and night, when the external temperature is higher, the magnetic force generated by the spiral pipe and the magnetic strip attract each other, the magnetic strip moves towards the inside of the spiral pipe, the gas in the second piston cylinder is pumped into the first piston cylinder, the push plate contracts towards the inner side to compensate the expansion space for the heat insulation filler, when the external temperature is reduced, the magnetic force generated by the spiral pipe and the magnetic strip repel each other, the magnetic strip moves towards one side far away from the spiral pipe, the gas in the second piston cylinder is conveyed into the first piston cylinder, and the push plate moves towards the outer side to compensate the contraction space for the heat insulation filler.

Further, the fixing component comprises a fixing plate, a control spring, a piston plate, an air storage cavity, a hinge rod, an attaching plate and a corrugated pipe, two groups of fixing components are arranged between the two outer frame plates, the two groups of fixing components are respectively and tightly connected with the opposite surfaces of the two outer frame plates, the fixing plate and the outer frame plates are far away from the inner heat insulation plate, one surfaces of the outer protection plates are tightly connected, a plurality of air storage cavities are arranged inside the fixing plate, the control spring and the piston plate are arranged in the air storage cavities, one end of the control spring is tightly connected with the inner side wall of the air storage cavity, the other end of the control spring is tightly connected with the piston plate, the piston plate is in sliding connection with the air storage cavities, an air hole is arranged at one end, close to the end connected with the control spring, of the air storage cavities is communicated with the outer parts of the fixing plate, a connecting piece is arranged on the piston plate, a movable groove is arranged on the side wall of the air storage cavity, and extends out of the fixing plate through the movable groove, be provided with sealed measure in the activity groove, the one end that the fixed plate was stretched out to the connection piece is articulated with the hinge bar, and the one end that the connection piece was kept away from to the hinge bar is articulated with the attaching plate, and bellows cover is between fixed plate and attaching plate, and one side fastening connection of outer frame plate is kept away from to bellows one end and fixed plate, and the bellows other end and attaching plate fastening connection. In order to avoid the influence of vibration frequency on the overall structure of the heat preservation device caused by different heat preservation devices, the fixing assembly is arranged, construction of a building site is mainly carried out in the daytime, the external environment temperature is higher at the moment, gas in the gas storage cavity can expand, the control spring is compressed, the hinge rod is driven by the piston plate to deflect angularly, the telescopic column is arranged between the attaching plate and the fixing plate, the attaching plate can drive the corrugated pipe to contract when the hinge rod deflects, the attaching plates can be separated from each other, different fixing assemblies can be attached again at night, and a complete isolating layer is provided for the outer wall of a building. The separation of each heat preservation device can avoid vibrations to the influence of wall structure on the one hand when being under construction daytime, and on the other hand also can cushion the thermal expansion of wall body and filling layer, reduces the wall body internal stress.

Further, the ventilation assembly comprises a first ventilation part, a second ventilation part and a fireproof part, wherein the first ventilation part is installed on the fixing assembly, the second ventilation part is installed in the outer protection plate, and the fireproof part is installed in the second ventilation part. When daytime temperature is higher, first ventilation part provides the side direction ventilation for the filling layer is inside, and the second ventilation part provides forward ventilation for the filling layer, and the fire prevention part protects for heat preservation device when externally catching fire.

Further, first ventilation part includes the air current pipe, the air current hole, the jam piece, the air current hole is located the fixed plate, air current hole one end extends to outer deckle board department, the air current hole other end extends to in the bellows, outer deckle board and fixed plate laminating department are provided with a plurality of air guide hole, air current pipe one end and air current hole extend to the one end fastening connection in the bellows, the air current pipe other end and laminating board UNICOM mutually, laminating board and air current pipe UNICOM mutually position are provided with the blow vent, the fixed jam piece that is provided with on the laminating board, it is corresponding to be located jam piece position and blow vent position on the laminating board of relative setting. When ambient temperature is higher, attaching plate alternate segregation, air vent on the attaching plate can let in the air to the packing layer inside, this moment because outside temperature is higher, the air is dry relatively, take a breath with the packing layer inside and can avoid the inside moisture of packing layer to pile up, prolong heat preservation device's life, when ambient temperature reduces night, attaching plate laminates each other, the blow vent can be filled in to the jam piece, each heat preservation device links integratively, can avoid external humid air to get into heat preservation device can, the inside temperature of wall body is lived in the reservation that also can be fine.

Furthermore, the second ventilation component comprises a first cavity, a second cavity, a movable spring, a movable block, a gas guide column, a blocking column, a first gas flow channel, a second gas flow channel and a connecting strip, wherein the movable spring and the movable block are arranged in the first cavity, one end of the movable spring is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the first cavity, the other end of the movable spring is fixedly connected with the movable block, the movable block is slidably connected with the first cavity, the gas guide column is positioned in the second cavity, the two sides of the second cavity are respectively provided with the first gas flow channel and the second gas flow channel, the first gas flow channel is communicated with the outside, the second gas flow channel is communicated with an outer clamping plate, the outer clamping plate is provided with a vent hole, the number of the blocking columns is two, the two blocking columns are respectively slidably connected with the first gas flow channel and the second gas flow channel, the outer side of the first gas flow channel is provided with a first fan-shaped circulation cavity, the outer side of the second gas flow channel is provided with a second fan-shaped circulation cavity, connecting strip one end and movable block fastening connection, the connecting strip other end and air guide post fastening connection are provided with the movable groove between first cavity and the second cavity, and the connecting strip passes from the movable groove, is provided with flexible folded plate between movable groove and first cavity, the second cavity, and the connecting strip passes from flexible folded plate, sealing connection between flexible folded plate and the connecting strip, and air guide post, jam post central point put still to be provided with the air current and to egress, are provided with one-way air outlet valve in the air current egress. Under the normal condition, first fan-shaped circulation chamber is stopped up by the terminal surface of air guide post, the second ventilation part is sealed this moment, the filling layer is unable to ventilate in the forward direction, when daytime ambient temperature rises, the inside temperature of first cavity can rise, the movable block can compress the activity spring, the connecting strip can drive the air guide post and remove, ambient gas can enter into the inside of second cavity from first fan-shaped circulation chamber, carry the filling layer from second fan-shaped circulation chamber again, gas in the filling layer can be discharged from the air outflow hole, when ambient temperature is too high, second fan-shaped circulation chamber can be stopped up by the air guide post, the invention lets in the filling layer inside with the dry gas that the temperature is suitable selectively through this mode, cooperate first ventilation part to get rid of the moisture in the filling layer jointly, extension heat preservation device's life.

Further, the fire prevention part includes first annular liquid distribution chamber, second annular liquid distribution chamber, the hybrid control board, the spring coil, first annular cover, second annular cover, first annular liquid distribution chamber, second annular liquid distribution chamber sets up inside the air guide post, first annular liquid distribution chamber, second annular liquid distribution chamber and the coaxial setting of air outflow hole, first annular liquid distribution chamber is located second annular liquid distribution chamber outside, the inside one end that is close to second air current passageway of air guide post is provided with the annular chamber, the spring coil, the hybrid control board sets up inside the annular chamber, spring coil one end and annular chamber internal face fastening connection, the spring coil other end and hybrid control board fastening connection, hybrid control board and annular liquid distribution chamber, hybrid control board and annular air current passageway's one end are connected to the annular chamber internal face fastening, the spring coil other end and hybrid control board fastening connectionChamber sliding connection, the hybrid control board passes through connection piece and connecting strip fastening connection, first annular cover, the one side fastening connection of spring coil is kept away from to second annular cover and hybrid control board, first annular cover is located first annular and joins in marriage between liquid chamber and the second annular liquid chamber of joining in marriage, second annular cover is located the second annular and joins in marriage between liquid chamber and the gas outflow hole, first annular cover, first annular is joined in marriage liquid chamber, be provided with the through-hole of dislocation between the liquid chamber is joined in marriage to the second annular, the second annular cover, the liquid chamber is joined in marriage to the second annular, be provided with the through-hole of dislocation between the air outflow hole. When the fan-shaped circulation chamber of air guide post with the second blocks up, the air guide post no longer removes, if external temperature continues to increase then the connecting strip can drive hybrid control board and promote the spring coil this moment, spring coil stiffness coefficient is great, normal temperature rise is less to its moving range influence, when the external conflagration that appears, unusual temperature rise just can make hybrid control board displacement by a relatively large margin appear, hybrid control board drives first annular cover this moment, the removal of second annular cover, the through-hole of originally misplacing switches on. The invention is characterized in that aluminum sulfate solution is filled in a first annular liquid preparation cavity, sodium bicarbonate solution is filled in a second annular liquid preparation cavity, foaming agents are filled in through holes on a first annular cover and a second annular cover, and when the first annular cover and the second annular cover are communicated, the foaming agents are generated by reactionCarbon dioxideOn one hand, the foam liquid is sprayed out by causing pressure, and on the other hand, the carbon dioxide is formed as a core and coated outside under the action of a foaming agentAluminum hydroxideThe foam of (1). The foam is sprayed out and can be left along the outer surface of the heat preservation device, and the effect of isolating the fire source is achieved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the heat insulation component can collect the temperature difference energy of the inner layer and the outer layer of the building in the daytime and convert the temperature difference energy into heat at night, plays a role in heat insulation of the outer wall of the building, and greatly improves the overall environmental protection performance of the device. The self-adjusting part self-adaptively adjusts the distance of the push plate according to the external temperature difference, ensures that the compression degree of the heat insulation filler in the heat preservation device on two sides can always be kept at a stable level, and provides guarantee for the structural strength of the heat preservation device. The fixed component can separate each heat preservation device by oneself when daytime is under construction, can avoid vibrations to the influence of wall structure on the one hand, on the other hand, also can cushion the thermal energy of wall body and filling layer, reduces the wall body internal stress. The first ventilation part and the second ventilation part selectively introduce the dry gas with proper temperature into the filling layer, so that the moisture in the filling layer is removed, and the service life of the heat preservation device is prolonged. The fire prevention part turns into the displacement with the difference in temperature, controls the mixture of solution, and then can in time produce the foam when the external fire source appears and keep apart.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the overall construction of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the internal structure of the heat-insulating unit of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the fixing assembly in the night state of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 4 at B;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the stationary assembly of the present invention during the daytime condition;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 6 at C;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the airway post of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 8 at D;

in the figure: 1-thermal insulation component, 11-first copper sheet, 12-second copper sheet, 13-N type semiconductor effect rod, 14-P type semiconductor effect rod, 15-energy storage battery, 16-self-adjusting component, 161-solenoid, 162-magnetic strip, 163-first piston plate, 164-first piston cylinder, 165-second piston plate, 166-second piston cylinder, 167-adjusting rod, 168-push plate, 169-folding sleeve, 2-fixing component, 21-fixing plate, 22-control spring, 23-piston plate, 24-air storage cavity, 25-hinge rod, 26-abutting plate, 27-corrugated pipe, 3-ventilation component, 31-first ventilation component, 311-air flow pipe, 312-air flow hole, 313-blocking block, 32-second ventilation component, 321-first cavity, 322-second cavity, 323-movable spring, 324-movable block, 325-air guide column, 3251-air flow outlet, 326-blocking column, 327-first air flow channel, 3271-first fan-shaped circulation cavity, 328-second air flow channel, 3281-second fan-shaped circulation cavity, 329-connecting strip, 33-fireproof component, 331-first annular liquid distribution cavity, 332-second annular liquid distribution cavity, 333-mixed control plate, 334-spring ring, 335-first annular cover, 336-second annular cover, 4-inner heat-insulation plate, 41-outer clamping plate, 42-inner clamping plate, 43-filling layer, 5-outer protection plate and 6-outer frame plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-9, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

as shown in figures 1, 2 and 4, the assembled building outer wall heat preservation device comprises a heat preservation component 1, a fixing component 2, an air vent component 3, an inner heat preservation board 4, an outer protection board 5 and an outer frame board 6, wherein the heat preservation component 1 is provided with a plurality of heat preservation components 1 which are uniformly distributed inside the inner heat preservation board 4, one side of the inner heat preservation board 4 is attached to the outer wall surface, the other side of the inner heat preservation board 4 is fixedly connected with the outer protection board 5, the outer frame board 6 is sleeved on the cut surfaces of the four sides of the inner heat preservation board 4 and the outer protection board 5, the fixing component 2 is installed on the outer frame board 6, the air vent components 3 are provided with a plurality of air vent components 3 which are uniformly distributed in the outer protection board 5, the inner heat preservation board 4 is divided into three layers, the inner heat preservation board 4 comprises an outer clamping plate 41, an inner clamping plate 42 and a filling layer 43, one side of the outer clamping plate 41 is fixedly connected with the outer protection board 5, the other side of the outer clamping plate 41 is fixedly connected with the filling layer 43, the side of the filling layer 43 away from the outer clamping plate 41 is tightly connected with the inner clamping plate 42, and the side of the inner clamping plate 42 away from the filling layer 43 is attached to the outer wall surface. The heat insulation component can collect the temperature difference energy of the inner layer and the outer layer of the building in the daytime and convert the temperature difference energy into heat at night, plays a role in heat insulation of the outer wall of the building, and greatly improves the overall environmental protection performance of the device. The self-adjusting part self-adaptively adjusts the distance between the push plates 168 according to the external temperature difference, ensures that the compression degree of the heat insulation filler in the heat preservation device on two sides can always be kept at a stable level, and provides guarantee for the structural strength of the heat preservation device. The fixed component can separate each heat preservation device by oneself when daytime is under construction, can avoid vibrations to the influence of wall structure on the one hand, on the other hand, also can cushion the thermal energy of wall body and filling layer, reduces the wall body internal stress. The first ventilation part and the second ventilation part selectively introduce the dry gas with proper temperature into the filling layer, so that the moisture in the filling layer is removed, and the service life of the heat preservation device is prolonged. The fire prevention part turns into the displacement with the difference in temperature, controls the mixture of solution, and then can in time produce the foam when the external fire source appears and keep apart.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the heat preservation assembly 1 includes a first copper sheet 11, a second copper sheet 12, an N-type semiconductor effect bar 13, a P-type semiconductor effect bar 14, an energy storage battery 15, a first contact plate, a second contact plate, and a mounting sleeve, a plurality of slots are disposed on a filling layer 43, a plurality of heat preservation assemblies are disposed in the slots respectively, one end of the N-type semiconductor effect bar 13 and one end of the P-type semiconductor effect bar 14 are fastened and connected with the first copper sheet 11 near both sides respectively, one side of the first copper sheet far from the N-type semiconductor effect bar 13 and the P-type semiconductor effect bar 14 is fastened and connected with the first contact plate, two ends of the N-type semiconductor effect bar 13 and the P-type semiconductor effect bar 14 far from the first copper sheet 11 are fastened and connected with different second copper sheets 12 respectively, one side of the second copper sheet far from the N-type semiconductor effect bar 13 and the P-type semiconductor effect bar 14 is fastened and connected with the second contact plate, two second copper sheets 12 are communicated with energy storage battery 15 through different wires, energy storage battery 15 and installation sleeve inside wall fastening connection, the installation sleeve is with N type semiconductor effect stick 13, P type semiconductor effect stick 14 cover inside, installation sleeve one end and first contact plate fastening connection, the installation sleeve other end and second contact plate fastening connection, one side of outer guard plate 5 is kept away from to first contact plate laminating in outer splint 41, one side that interior splint 42 is close to filling layer 43 is laminated to the second contact plate. Because the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the building is large in the western region, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the building is large in the daytime, the first contact plate receives heat transmitted from the inside of the building, the second contact plate receives external heat, temperature difference values are generated on the first copper sheet 11 and the second copper sheet 12, so that seebeck potential difference occurs on the N-type semiconductor effect rod 13 and the P-type semiconductor effect rod 14 due to the temperature difference values at the two ends, carriers move directionally under the influence of the potential difference, and finally directional current is generated in a loop formed by the N-type semiconductor effect rod 13, the P-type semiconductor effect rod 14, the first copper sheet 11, the second copper sheet 12 and the energy storage battery 15, the directional current is charged into the energy storage battery, a control unit is arranged in the energy storage battery, the control unit controls the energy storage battery 15 to discharge outwards at night, and under the action of an external electric field, the current carrier moves directionally, the first copper sheet 11 emits heat outwards, and the second copper sheet 12 absorbs heat inwards, so that the energy collected in the day can be converted into heat energy at night, and the heat insulation effect on the outer wall of a building is achieved.

As shown in fig. 3, the assembly 1 further includes a self-adjusting unit 16, the self-adjusting unit 16 includes a solenoid 161, a magnetic strip 162, a first piston plate 163, a first piston cylinder 164, a second piston plate 165, a second piston cylinder 166, an adjusting rod 167, a pushing plate 168, and a folding sleeve 169, the solenoid 161 is fastened to the second contact plate, the first piston cylinder 164 is fastened to the first contact plate, one end of the magnetic strip 162 extends into the solenoid 161, the other end of the magnetic strip 162 extends into the first piston cylinder 164, one end of the magnetic strip 162 extending into the first piston cylinder 164 is fastened to the first piston plate 163, the first piston plate 163 is slidably connected to the first piston cylinder 166, the second piston cylinder 166 is fastened to the outer wall surface of the mounting sleeve, the second piston plate 162 is slidably connected to the second piston cylinder 166, the first piston cylinder 164 and the second piston cylinder 166 are communicated with each other through a pipe, one end of the adjusting rod 167 is fastened to the second piston plate 162, the other end of the adjusting rod 167 is tightly connected with the push plate 168, the outer edge of the push plate 168 is tightly connected with one end of the folding sleeve 169, and one end of the folding sleeve 169 far away from the push plate 168 is tightly connected with the outer wall surface of the mounting sleeve. According to the invention, a change-over switch is connected in series on a connecting line between the second copper sheet 12 and the energy storage battery 15, two ends of the spiral pipe 161 are connected with the change-over switch, the change-over switch determines the working state of the energy storage battery 15 through an inductor, when the external temperature is high in the daytime, the energy storage battery 15 is in a continuous charging state, at the moment, the change-over switch inputs current from one side of the spiral pipe 161 close to the second contact plate and outputs the current from one side of the spiral pipe 161 far away from the second contact plate, when the external temperature is reduced at night, the energy storage battery 15 outputs electric energy to keep the temperature of the interior of a house, at the moment, the change-over switch inputs current from one side of the spiral pipe 161 far away from the second contact plate and outputs the current from one side close to the second contact plate. The switch for controlling the conducting direction of the circuit is a conventional technical means in the field, and the specific structure is not described. The filling layer 43 is filled with heat insulation filler, and the heat insulation filler can expand and contract along with the change of the external temperature, so that the structural stability of the wall body can be changed in the deformation process, and the strength of the house is further influenced. The present invention switches the current input direction through the solenoid 161 at the time of day and night temperature change, and when the outside temperature is high, the magnetic force generated by the solenoid 161 is attracted to the magnetic strip, the magnetic strip moves toward the inside of the solenoid 161, the gas in the second piston cylinder 166 is pumped into the first piston cylinder 164, the push plate 168 contracts inward to compensate the expansion space for the heat insulating filler, when the external temperature is reduced, the magnetic force generated by the solenoid 161 and the magnetic strip 162 repel each other, the magnetic strip 162 moves to the side far away from the solenoid 161, the gas in the second piston cylinder 166 is conveyed into the first piston cylinder 164, and the push plate 168 moves outwards to provide a compensation contraction space for the heat insulation filler.

As shown in fig. 4-7, the fixing assembly 2 includes a fixing plate 21, a control spring 22, a piston plate 23, an air storage cavity 24, a hinge rod 25, an attachment plate 26, and a bellows 27, two sets of fixing assemblies 2 are disposed between two outer frame plates 6, the two sets of fixing assemblies 2 are respectively fastened to opposite surfaces of the two outer frame plates 6, the fixing plate 21 and one surface of the outer frame plate 6 away from the inner heat insulation plate 4 and the outer protection plate 5 are fastened, a plurality of air storage cavities 24 are disposed inside the fixing plate 21, the control spring 22 and the piston plate 23 are mounted in the air storage cavities 24, one end of the control spring 22 is fastened to an inner side wall of the air storage cavity 24, the other end of the control spring 22 is fastened to the piston plate 23, the piston plate 23 is slidably connected to the air storage cavity 24, an air hole is disposed at an end of the air storage cavity 24 near to the connection with the control spring 22, the air hole is communicated with an outside of the fixing plate 21, a connecting piece is disposed on the piston plate 23, be provided with the movable groove on the air storage chamber 24 lateral wall, the connection piece stretches out outside fixed plate 21 through the movable groove, be provided with sealing measure in the movable groove, the one end that the connection piece stretches out fixed plate 21 is articulated with articulated rod 25, the one end that articulated rod 25 kept away from the connection piece is articulated with attaching plate 26, bellows 27 cover is between fixed plate 21 and attaching plate 26, bellows 27 one end and fixed plate 21 keep away from one side fastening connection of outer frame plate 6, the bellows 27 other end and attaching plate 26 fastening connection. In order to avoid the influence of vibration frequency of different heat preservation devices on the overall structure of the heat preservation device, the fixing assembly 2 is arranged, construction of a building site is mainly carried out in the daytime, the external environment temperature is higher at the moment, gas in the gas storage cavity 24 can expand, the control spring 22 is compressed, the hinge rod 25 is driven by the piston plate 23 to deflect angularly, the telescopic column is arranged between the attaching plate 26 and the fixing plate 21, the attaching plate 26 can drive the corrugated pipe 27 to contract when the hinge rod 25 deflects, the attaching plates 26 can be separated from each other, different fixing assemblies 2 can be attached again at night, and a complete isolating layer is provided for the building outer wall. The separation of each heat preservation device can avoid vibrations to the influence of wall structure on the one hand when being under construction daytime, and on the other hand also can cushion the thermal expansion of wall body and filling layer, reduces the wall body internal stress.

As shown in fig. 2, 4-7, the ventilation assembly 3 includes a first ventilation part 31, a second ventilation part 32, and a fire prevention part 33, the first ventilation part 31 being installed on the fixing assembly 2, the second ventilation part 32 being installed in the outer shield 5, and the fire prevention part 33 being installed in the second ventilation part 32. During daytime, the first ventilation component 31 provides lateral ventilation for the inside of the filling layer 43, the second ventilation component 32 provides positive ventilation for the filling layer 43, and the fireproof component 33 protects the heat preservation device when the outside catches fire.

As shown in fig. 5 and 7, the first ventilation component 31 includes an airflow pipe 311, an airflow hole 312, and a blocking block 313, the airflow hole 312 is located in the fixing plate 21, one end of the airflow hole 312 extends to the outer frame plate 6, the other end of the airflow hole 312 extends to the corrugated pipe 27, a plurality of air guide holes are provided at the joint of the outer frame plate 6 and the fixing plate 21, one end of the airflow pipe 311 and one end of the airflow hole extending to the corrugated pipe 27 are fastened, the other end of the airflow pipe 311 is communicated with the attachment plate 26, an air vent is provided at the joint of the attachment plate 26 and the airflow pipe 311, the blocking block 313 is fixedly provided on the attachment plate 26, and the blocking block 313 on the attachment plate 26 that is oppositely provided corresponds to the air vent. When ambient temperature is higher, attaching plate 26 alternate segregation, air vent on attaching plate 26 can be to the inside air that lets in of filling layer 43, this moment because outside temperature is higher, the air is dry relatively, take a breath with filling layer 43 inside and can avoid the inside moisture of filling layer 43 to pile up, the life of extension heat preservation device, when ambient temperature reduces night, attaching plate laminates each other, in the blow vent can be filled in to jam piece 313, each heat preservation device links integratively, can avoid external humid air to get into heat preservation device can, the inside temperature of wall body is lived in the reservation that also can be fine.

As shown in fig. 2, the second ventilation member 32 includes a first cavity 321, a second cavity 322, a movable spring 323, a movable block 324, an air guide pillar 325, a blocking pillar 326, a first air flow channel 327, a second air flow channel 328, and a connecting bar 329, wherein the movable spring 323 and the movable block 324 are installed inside the first cavity 321, one end of the movable spring 323 is fixedly connected with an inner side wall of the first cavity 321, the other end of the movable spring 323 is fixedly connected with the movable block 324, the movable block 324 is slidably connected with the first cavity 321, the air guide pillar 325 is located inside the second cavity 322, two sides of the second cavity 322 are respectively provided with a first air flow channel 328 and a second air flow channel 328, the first air flow channel 327 is communicated with the outside, the second air flow channel 328 is communicated with the outer clamping plate 41, the outer clamping plate 41 is provided with an air vent, the blocking pillar 326 has two blocking pillars 326, the two blocking pillars 326 are respectively slidably connected with the first air flow channel 327 and the second air flow channel 328, a first fan-shaped flow cavity 3271 is arranged on the outer side of the first air flow channel 327, a second fan-shaped flow cavity 3281 is arranged on the outer side of the second air flow channel 328, one end of a connecting strip 329 is fixedly connected with a movable block 324, the other end of the connecting strip 329 is fixedly connected with an air guide column 325, a movable groove is arranged between the first cavity 321 and the second cavity 322, the connecting strip 329 penetrates through the movable groove, a telescopic folded plate is arranged between the movable groove and the first cavity 321 as well as between the movable groove and the second cavity 322, the connecting strip 329 penetrates through the telescopic folded plate, the telescopic folded plate is hermetically connected with the connecting strip 329, an air outlet hole 3251 is further formed in the center position of the air guide column 325 and the blocking column 326, and a one-way air outlet valve is arranged in the air outlet hole 3251. In a normal state, the first fan-shaped circulation cavity 3271 is blocked by the end face of the air guide column 325, at this time, the second ventilation component 32 is sealed, the filling layer 43 cannot ventilate in the forward direction, when the outside temperature rises in the daytime, the temperature inside the first cavity 321 rises, the movable block 324 compresses the movable spring 323, the connecting strip 329 drives the air guide column 325 to move, outside air can enter the second cavity 322 from the first fan-shaped circulation cavity 3271 and then is conveyed into the filling layer 43 from the second fan-shaped circulation cavity 3281, the air in the filling layer 43 can be discharged from the air outlet holes 3251, when the outside temperature is too high, the second fan-shaped circulation cavity 3281 is blocked by the air guide column 325, in the invention, dry air with proper temperature is selectively introduced into the filling layer through the mode, moisture in the filling layer is removed together by matching with the first ventilation component 31, and the service life of the heat preservation device is prolonged.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the fireproof component 33 includes a first annular liquid distribution chamber 331, a second annular liquid distribution chamber 332, a mixed control plate 333, a spring ring 334, a first annular cover 335, and a second annular cover 336, wherein the first annular liquid distribution chamber 331 and the second annular liquid distribution chamber 332 are disposed inside the gas guide column 325, the first annular liquid distribution chamber 331, the second annular liquid distribution chamber 332, and the gas outflow hole 3251 are coaxially disposed, the first annular liquid distribution chamber 331 is disposed outside the second annular liquid distribution chamber 332, an annular chamber is disposed inside the gas guide column 325 near the second gas flow passage 328, the spring ring 334, the mixed control plate 333 are disposed inside the annular chamber, one end of the spring ring 334 is tightly connected with the inner wall surface of the annular chamber, the other end of the spring ring 334 is tightly connected with the mixed control plate 333, the mixed control plate 333 is slidably connected with the annular chamber, the mixed control plate 333 is tightly connected with the annular chamber 329 by a connecting sheet and a connecting sheet 329, the first annular cover 335 is tightly connected with a connecting sheet 329, The second annular cover 336 and the side of the mixing control plate 333 far away from the spring ring 334 are tightly connected, the first annular cover 335 is positioned between the first annular liquid distribution chamber 331 and the second annular liquid distribution chamber 332, the second annular cover 336 is positioned between the second annular liquid distribution chamber 332 and the air outflow hole 3251, staggered through holes are arranged among the first annular cover 335, the first annular liquid distribution chamber 331 and the second annular liquid distribution chamber 332, and staggered through holes are arranged among the second annular cover 336, the second annular liquid distribution chamber 332 and the air outflow hole 3251. When air guide post 325 blocks up second fan-shaped circulation chamber 3281, air guide post 325 no longer removes, at this moment if external temperature continues to increase then the connecting strip can drive hybrid control board 333 and promote spring coil 334, spring coil 334 stiffness coefficient is great, normal temperature rise is less to its moving range influence, when the external conflagration that appears, unusual temperature rise just can make hybrid control board 333 the displacement of great amplitude appear, hybrid control board 333 drives first annular cover 335 this moment, second annular cover 336 removes, the through-hole that originally misplaces switches on. According to the invention, an aluminum sulfate solution is filled in a first annular liquid distribution cavity 331, a sodium bicarbonate solution is filled in a second annular liquid distribution cavity 332, foaming agents are filled in through holes on a first annular cover 335 and a second annular cover 336, and carbon dioxide generated by reaction is generated when the three are conducted, so that pressure is generated to spray out a foam liquid, and foam which takes carbon dioxide as a core and is externally coated with aluminum hydroxide is formed under the action of the foaming agents. The foam is sprayed out and can be left along the outer surface of the heat preservation device, and the effect of isolating the fire source is achieved.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the first contact plate receives heat transmitted from the interior of a building, the second contact plate receives external heat, a temperature difference value is generated on the first copper sheet 11 and the second copper sheet 12, finally, directional current is generated in a loop formed by the N-type semiconductor effect rod 13, the P-type semiconductor effect rod 14, the first copper sheet 11, the second copper sheet 12 and the energy storage battery 15, the directional current can be charged into the energy storage battery, a control unit is arranged in the energy storage battery, the control unit can control the energy storage battery 15 to discharge outwards at night, and under the action of an external electric field, the current carriers move directionally, the first copper sheet 11 emits heat outwards, and the second copper sheet 12 absorbs heat inwards. In daytime, when the outside temperature is high, and the energy storage battery 15 is in a continuous charging state, at this time, the current is input from the side of the solenoid 161 close to the second contact plate and output from the side of the solenoid 161 far away from the second contact plate, the magnetic force generated by the solenoid 161 is attracted with the magnetic strip, the magnetic strip moves towards the inside of the solenoid 161, the gas in the second piston cylinder 166 is pumped into the first piston cylinder 164, and the push plate 168 contracts towards the inner side to compensate the expansion space for the heat insulation filler. At night, the outside temperature is low, the magnetic force generated by the solenoid 161 and the magnetic strip 162 repel each other, the magnetic strip 162 moves towards one side away from the solenoid 161, the gas in the second piston cylinder 166 is conveyed into the first piston cylinder 164, and the push plate 168 moves towards the outside to form a compensation contraction space for the heat insulation filler. The first venting member 31 provides lateral venting to the interior of the infill 43 and the second venting member 32 provides positive venting to the infill 43. When a fire source appears outside, the interior of the fireproof component reacts to generate foam to isolate the fire source.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an assembly type structure outer wall heat preservation device which characterized in that: the heat preservation device comprises a heat preservation assembly (1), a fixing assembly (2), an air ventilation assembly (3), an inner heat preservation plate (4), an outer protection plate (5) and an outer frame plate (6), wherein the heat preservation assembly (1) is provided with a plurality of heat preservation assemblies (1) which are uniformly distributed inside the inner heat preservation plate (4), one side of the inner heat preservation plate (4) is attached to the wall surface of the outer wall, the other side of the inner heat preservation plate (4) is tightly connected with the outer protection plate (5), the outer frame plate (6) is sleeved on the cut surfaces of the four sides of the inner heat preservation plate (4) and the outer protection plate (5), the fixing assembly (2) is installed on the outer frame plate (6), the air ventilation assembly (3) is provided with a plurality of air ventilation assemblies (3) which are uniformly distributed in the outer protection plate (5), the inner heat preservation plate (4) is divided into three layers, and the inner heat preservation plate (4) comprises an outer clamping plate (41), Interior splint (42), filling layer (43), outer splint (41) one side and outer guard plate (5) fastening connection, outer splint (41) opposite side and filling layer (43) fastening connection, one side and interior splint (42) fastening connection of outer splint (41) are kept away from to filling layer (43), one side and the outer wall face of filling layer (43) are kept away from to interior splint (42) are laminated mutually.

2. The assembly type building external wall insulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat preservation assembly (1) comprises a first copper sheet (11), a second copper sheet (12), an N-type semiconductor effect rod (13), a P-type semiconductor effect rod (14), an energy storage battery (15), a first contact plate, a second contact plate and a mounting sleeve, wherein a plurality of groove holes are formed in a filling layer (43), a plurality of heat preservation assemblies are respectively arranged in each groove hole, one ends of the N-type semiconductor effect rod (13) and the P-type semiconductor effect rod (14) are respectively and fixedly connected with the first copper sheet (11) by two side positions, one sides of the first copper sheet far away from the N-type semiconductor effect rod (13) and the P-type semiconductor effect rod (14) are fixedly connected with the first contact plate, the number of the second copper sheet (12) is two, and one ends of the N-type semiconductor effect rod (13) and the P-type semiconductor effect rod (14) far away from the first copper sheet (11) are respectively and fixedly connected with different second copper sheets (12), one side and the second contact plate fastening connection of N type semiconductor effect stick (13), P type semiconductor effect stick (14) are kept away from to the second copper sheet, two second copper sheet (12) are through different wire and energy storage battery (15) looks UNICOM, energy storage battery (15) and installation sleeve inside wall fastening connection, the installation sleeve overlaps N type semiconductor effect stick (13), P type semiconductor effect stick (14) inside, and installation sleeve one end and first contact plate fastening connection, the installation sleeve other end and second contact plate fastening connection, the one side of outer guard plate (5) is kept away from at outer splint (41) to the laminating of first contact plate, splint (42) are close to one side of filling layer (43) including the laminating of second contact plate.

3. The assembly type building external wall insulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the heat preservation assembly (1) further comprises a self-adjusting component (16), the self-adjusting component (16) comprises a solenoid (161), a magnetic strip (162), a first piston plate (163), a first piston cylinder (164), a second piston plate (165), a second piston cylinder (166), an adjusting rod (167), a push plate (168) and a folding sleeve (169), the solenoid (161) is connected with a second contact plate in a fastening manner, the first piston cylinder (164) is connected with the first contact plate in a fastening manner, one end of the magnetic strip (162) extends into the solenoid (161), the other end of the magnetic strip (162) extends into the first piston cylinder (164), one end of the magnetic strip (162) extending into the first piston cylinder (164) is connected with the first piston plate (163) in a fastening manner, the first piston plate (163) is connected with the first piston cylinder (166) in a sliding manner, and the second piston cylinder (166) is connected with the outer wall surface of the installation sleeve in a fastening manner, the second piston plate (162) is connected with the second piston cylinder (166) in a sliding mode, the first piston cylinder (164) and the second piston cylinder (166) are communicated with each other through a pipeline, one end of the adjusting rod (167) is connected with the second piston plate (162) in a fastening mode, the other end of the adjusting rod (167) is connected with the push plate (168) in a fastening mode, the outer edge of the push plate (168) is connected with one end of the folding sleeve (169) in a fastening mode, and one end, far away from the push plate (168), of the folding sleeve (169) is connected with the outer wall face of the mounting sleeve in a fastening mode.

4. The assembly type building external wall insulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixing component (2) comprises a fixing plate (21), a control spring (22), a piston plate (23), an air storage cavity (24), a hinge rod (25), an attaching plate (26) and a corrugated pipe (27), two groups of fixing components (2) are arranged between two outer frame plates (6), the two groups of fixing components (2) are respectively fastened and connected with the opposite surfaces of the two outer frame plates (6), one surfaces of the fixing plate (21) and the outer frame plates (6), which are far away from the inner heat insulation plate (4) and the outer protection plate (5), are fastened and connected, a plurality of air storage cavities (24) are arranged inside the fixing plate (21), the control spring (22) and the piston plate (23) are installed inside the air storage cavities (24), one end of the control spring (22) is fastened and connected with the inner side wall of the air storage cavity (24), the other end of the control spring (22) is fastened and connected with the piston plate (23), and the piston plate (23) is connected with the air storage cavities (24) in a sliding manner, the one end department that air storage chamber (24) is close to and control spring (22) is connected is provided with the gas pocket, gas pocket and fixed plate (21) outside UNICOM, be provided with the connection piece on piston plate (23), be provided with the movable groove on air storage chamber (24) lateral wall, the connection piece stretches out outside fixed plate (21) through the movable groove, be provided with sealing measure in the movable groove, the one end and articulated rod (25) that the fixed plate (21) was stretched out to the connection piece are articulated, the one end and laminating board (26) of keeping away from the connection piece of articulated rod (25) are articulated, bellows (27) cover is between fixed plate (21) and laminating board (26), one side fastening connection of outer frame board (6) is kept away from to bellows (27) one end and fixed plate (21), bellows (27) other end and laminating board (26) fastening connection.

5. The assembly type building external wall insulation device according to claim 4, wherein: the ventilation assembly (3) comprises a first ventilation part (31), a second ventilation part (32) and a fireproof part (33), wherein the first ventilation part (31) is installed on the fixing assembly (2), the second ventilation part (32) is installed in the outer protection plate (5), and the fireproof part (33) is installed in the second ventilation part (32).

6. The assembly type building external wall insulation device according to claim 5, wherein: first ventilation part (31) include airflow pipe (311), airflow hole (312), block up piece (313), airflow hole (312) are arranged in fixed plate (21), and airflow hole (312) one end extends to exterior panel (6) department, and the airflow hole (312) other end extends to in bellows (27), exterior panel (6) and fixed plate (21) laminating department are provided with a plurality of air guide hole, the one end fastening connection in airflow pipe (311) one end and airflow hole extend to bellows (27), and airflow pipe (311) other end and laminating board (26) UNICOM mutually, laminating board (26) and airflow pipe (311) UNICOM position are provided with the vent, laminating board (26) are gone up the fixed jam piece (313) that is provided with, and the jam piece (313) position and the vent position that are located on the laminating board (26) of relative setting are corresponding.

7. The assembly type building external wall insulation device according to claim 5, wherein: the second ventilation component (32) comprises a first cavity (321), a second cavity (322), a movable spring (323), a movable block (324), an air guide column (325), a blocking column (326), a first air flow channel (327), a second air flow channel (328) and a connecting strip (329), wherein the movable spring (323) and the movable block (324) are installed inside the first cavity (321), one end of the movable spring (323) is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the first cavity (321), the other end of the movable spring (323) is fixedly connected with the movable block (324), the movable block (324) is slidably connected with the first cavity (321), the air guide column (325) is located inside the second cavity (322), a first air flow channel (327) and a second air flow channel (328) are respectively arranged on two sides of the second cavity (322), the first air flow channel (327) is communicated with the outside, and the second air flow channel (328) is communicated with an outer clamping plate (41), the outer clamping plate (41) is provided with vent holes, the number of the blocking columns (326) is two, the two blocking columns (326) are respectively connected with a first air flow channel (327) and a second air flow channel (328) in a sliding mode, a first fan-shaped circulating cavity (3271) is arranged on the outer side of the first air flow channel (327), a second fan-shaped circulating cavity (3281) is arranged on the outer side of the second air flow channel (328), one end of a connecting strip (329) is fixedly connected with a movable block (324), the other end of the connecting strip (329) is fixedly connected with an air guide column (325), a movable groove is arranged between the first cavity (321) and the second cavity (322), the connecting strip (329) penetrates through the movable groove, a telescopic folded plate is arranged between the movable groove and the first cavity (321) and the second cavity (322), the connecting strip (329) penetrates through the telescopic folded plate, and the telescopic folded plate is connected with the connecting strip (329) in a sealing mode, the center positions of the air guide column (325) and the blocking column (326) are also provided with an air outlet hole (3251), and a one-way air outlet valve is arranged in the air outlet hole (3251).

8. The assembly type building external wall insulation device according to claim 7, wherein: the fireproof component (33) comprises a first annular liquid distribution cavity (331), a second annular liquid distribution cavity (332), a mixed control plate (333), a spring ring (334), a first annular cover (335) and a second annular cover (336), the first annular liquid distribution cavity (331) and the second annular liquid distribution cavity (332) are arranged inside the gas guide column (325), the first annular liquid distribution cavity (331), the second annular liquid distribution cavity (332) and the gas outflow hole (3251) are coaxially arranged, the first annular liquid distribution cavity (331) is positioned outside the second annular liquid distribution cavity (332), one end, close to the second gas flow channel (328), inside the gas guide column (325) is provided with an annular cavity, the spring ring (334) and the mixed control plate (333) are arranged inside the annular cavity, one end of the spring ring (334) is fixedly connected with the inner wall surface of the annular cavity, and the other end of the spring ring (334) is fixedly connected with the mixed control plate (333), the mixing control plate (333) is in sliding connection with the annular cavity, the mixing control plate (333) is in fastening connection (329) through a connecting piece and a connecting strip (329), one side of a spring ring (334) is kept away from by a first annular cover (335), a second annular cover (336) and the mixing control plate (333) is in fastening connection, the first annular cover (335) is located between a first annular liquid distribution cavity (331) and a second annular liquid distribution cavity (332), the second annular cover (336) is located between a second annular liquid distribution cavity (332) and an air outflow hole (3251), staggered through holes are formed among the first annular cover (335), the first annular liquid distribution cavity (331) and the second annular liquid distribution cavity (332), and staggered through holes are formed among the second annular cover (336), the second annular liquid distribution cavity (332) and the air outflow hole (3251).