CN114292673A - Blast furnace gas wet pervaporation dechlorination method and dechlorination device - Google Patents
Blast furnace gas wet pervaporation dechlorination method and dechlorination device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wet pervaporation dechlorination method and a dechlorination device for blast furnace gas, which are characterized in that a pulping system, a solution storage system and a spraying system are reasonably arranged, and specific dechlorination steps and parameters are set, so that the overall layout is simple to operate, the dechlorination efficiency is high, the occupied area is small, the operation cost is low, other strong acid gases except hydrogen chloride in the gas can be removed, and the most important guarantee is provided for rear-end desulfurization and pipeline protection. The technical problems that the prior dry dechlorination technology is difficult to treat solid waste, the total wet process waste water amount is large and the like are solved, and the use of subsequent equipment is not influenced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of atmospheric pollution treatment, and particularly relates to a wet-process total evaporation dechlorination method and a dechlorination device for blast furnace gas in the iron-making industry.
Background
The blast furnace chlorine element is mainly from iron-containing raw materials and blast furnace fuel, including coal, coke, lump ore, sinter, additives and the like, and the existence of chlorine can cause corrosion, scaling blockage and environmental impact of a blast furnace system.
Chlorine in the blast furnace mainly enters blast furnace gas in an HCl form, HCl is a strong acid gas, and is used for aggravating corrosion of a pipeline, a corrugated compensator and a blade of a residual pressure turbine power generation device (TRT) along with the reduction of the temperature of the gas, so that the conveying process of the blast furnace gas and the normal operation of the TRT device are influenced, and meanwhile, the HCl can also corrode a chromium oxide protective film under the high-temperature condition, so that the corrosion not only increases the maintenance cost, but also even causes safety accidents such as gas leakage and the like in severe cases.
Blast furnace gas is often used as fuel for hot blast stove and gas boiler, and the sulfur-containing substances in the blast furnace gas generate acid gas SO in the combustion process2Resulting in downstream user SO2Over standard, the national established stricter ultra-low emission standard for gas-fired boiler in iron and steel industry to control SO2The main process of blast furnace gas desulfurization is a catalytic hydrolysis method, HCl increases acid sites on the surface of the catalyst, the hydrolytic activity of the catalyst is reduced, and due to excessive introduction of HCl, pore channels on the surface of the catalyst are blocked, the catalyst reacts with active substances loaded on the catalyst to cause catalyst poisoning, subsequent desulfurization is influenced, and environmental influences are caused. In addition, HCl directly discharged into the atmosphere can cause acid rain, which can be harmful to human health, ecosystems, buildings, and the like.
HCl in the purge gas can generally be removed by wet or dry techniques. The wet method is basically additionally arranged behind TRT/BPRT, and aiming at the characteristic that HCl is very soluble in water, spray water or alkali liquor of a washing tower is arranged to remove HCl, so that the flue gas treatment amount is large, the occupied area is small, but the problems of insufficient chlorine removal, large water consumption, wastewater treatment and the like exist, the temperature of coal gas treated by the wet method can be reduced, the heat energy dissipation is caused, and the energy can not be efficiently utilized; the dry method is to remove HCl through dechlorinating agent adsorption, the operation is simple, the purification effect is good, but the dechlorinating agent is limited by chlorine capacity, the dosage of the dechlorinating agent and the occupied area of equipment are large, the dechlorinating equipment added in a blast furnace at present mainly takes modification, and the area is tense. Meanwhile, the dry method causes large resistance loss and influences subsequent power generation, dust accumulation easily blocks a pore channel, and the solid waste amount is large.
The Chinese patent publication CN111378801A discloses a dry-method pipeline type blast furnace gas dechlorinating device, but the device uses a fan which cannot be directly applied because blast furnace gas is positive pressure at present. The Chinese patent publication CN110484307A also describes another fixed bed blast furnace gas dechlorinating device; chinese utility model patent publication CN211688945U discloses a tower type blast furnace gas acid gas removal device. The Chinese patent publication CN103060015A also discloses a fixed bed blast furnace gas dechlorinating device, but the arrangement is not optimized.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a continuous dechlorination method of blast furnace gas by a pervaporation wet method, which is applicable to the blast furnace gas at present and can remove hydrogen chloride in the gas by a process of spraying a dechlorination solution into a pipeline after gravity dust removal and utilizing high-temperature gas to perform pervaporation.
The method is realized by the following technical scheme:
a blast furnace gas wet pervaporation dechlorination device comprises a pulping system, a solution storage system and a spraying system.
The pulping system comprises a pulping tank body, a pulping tank feeding port, a pulping stirrer, a first liquid level meter, a pulping tank drain outlet and a pulping tank discharge port; pulping tank pan feeding mouth sets up in the top of the pulping tank body or the upper end of lateral part, is provided with in the pulping tank body pulping agitator and level gauge, the pulping agitator is used for stirring the material that enters into the pulping tank body, first level gauge is used for monitoring the liquid level of the internal material of pulping tank, pulping tank drain and pulping tank discharge opening all set up in the bottom of the pulping tank body, the pulping tank drain is used for discharging sediment debris.
The solution storage system comprises a solution storage tank component, a transfer pump and a transfer tank component; the solution storage tank part comprises a solution storage tank body, a second liquid level meter, a first top vent valve, a storage tank feeding hole, a storage tank discharging hole and a storage tank discharging hole; the storage tank feed inlet sets up in the top of the solution storage tank body or the upper end of lateral part, and at least one the storage tank feed inlet pass through the pipeline with slurrying jar discharge opening intercommunication is provided with on the top of the solution storage tank body first top atmospheric valve is provided with at the internal second level gauge that is provided with of solution storage tank, the second level gauge is used for monitoring the liquid level of the internal material of solution storage tank, storage tank drain and storage tank discharge gate all set up in the bottom of the solution storage tank body, the storage tank drain is used for the debris of the discharge solution storage tank body.
The transfer tank part comprises a transfer tank body, a third liquid level meter, a thermometer, a second top emptying valve, a transfer tank feeding hole, a transfer tank discharging hole and a heating part; the unloading tank feed inlet sets up in the top of the unloading tank body or the upper end of lateral part, just the unloading tank feed inlet pass through the pipeline with the storage tank discharge gate intercommunication is provided with on the top of the unloading tank body the second top atmospheric valve is internal to be provided with at the unloading tank the third level gauge, the third level gauge is used for monitoring the liquid level of the internal material of unloading tank, the thermometer sets up in the unloading tank internally for detect the temperature of the internal material of unloading tank, unloading tank drain and unloading tank discharge gate all set up in the bottom of the unloading tank body, unloading tank drain is used for discharging the internal debris of unloading tank, the heater block sets up in the unloading tank for heat the internal material that enters into the unloading tank.
The unloading pump is arranged on a pipeline between the unloading tank feeding hole and the storage tank discharging hole;
the spraying system comprises a spraying pipeline, a spraying pump and a spraying gun, one end of the spraying pipeline is communicated with a discharge port of the transfer tank, the other end of the spraying pipeline is connected with the spraying gun, and two or more than two spraying pumps are arranged on the spraying pipeline.
Preferably, the dechlorination device further comprises a gravity dust collector and a bag-type dust collector, the gravity dust collector is provided with a gravity dust-removing flue gas inlet and a gravity dust-removing outlet, the bag-type dust collector is provided with a bag-type dust-removing flue gas inlet and a bag-type dust-removing outlet, the gravity dust-removing outlet is communicated with the bag-type dust-removing flue gas inlet through a pipeline, and the spray gun is arranged in the pipeline communicated with the gravity dust-removing outlet and the bag-type dust-removing flue gas inlet.
Preferably, two storage tank feed inlets are arranged, and one storage tank feed inlet is communicated with the pulping tank discharge opening through a pipeline.
The rear part of the gravity dust collector is also provided with a cyclone dust collector, alternatively, the gravity dust collection outlet is communicated with an inlet of the cyclone dust collector, and the spray gun is arranged in a pipeline communicated between the dust collection outlet of the cyclone dust collector and the bag dust collection flue gas inlet.
Preferably, the unloading pumps are provided with two or more than two, the third liquid level meter and one of the unloading pumps are in interlocking control, when the liquid level in the tank is lower than the low liquid level line, the unloading pump is automatically started, and when the liquid level in the tank is higher than the high liquid level line, the unloading pump is automatically stopped; the heating part and the thermometer are set to be in interlocking control, the heating part is automatically turned on when the temperature of the thermometer is lower than a set lowest threshold value, and the heating part is turned off when the temperature is higher than a set highest threshold value; the heating component is an electric heating component.
Preferably, the transfer tank feeding port and still be provided with check valve and ball valve on the pipeline between the storage tank discharge gate, the check valve is used for preventing the internal solution of the transfer tank from flowing back to the solution storage tank body, the ball valve is used for setting up the exit of the transfer pump as the cut-off device, makes things convenient for the maintenance of follow-up transfer pump.
Preferably, the spraying system further comprises a rotor flow meter, a check valve and a Y-shaped filter, the rotor flow meter, the check valve and the Y-shaped filter are all arranged on the spraying pipeline, the rotor flow meter is used for measuring the spraying amount of the liquid material, the check valve is a valve used for preventing backflow of the solution caused by overhigh pressure in the spraying pipeline, the Y-shaped filter is used for filtering impurities in the liquid material and preventing a spray gun from being blocked, the lift of the spraying pump is 80-100 meters, and the flow rate of the spraying pump is 0.5-2m3And h, the spraying pump is a variable-frequency spraying pump.
Preferably, the spray gun is a single-fluid atomization spray gun, wherein the liquid atomization particle size is less than or equal to 150 microns, the atomization pressure is 0.6-0.8MPa (the material of a gun rod and a nozzle of the spray gun is 2205 duplex stainless steel, the installation mode is welding), and an insulating layer is arranged outside the spray pipeline.
The blast furnace gas wet-method total-evaporation dechlorination method is operated by adopting the blast furnace gas wet-method total-evaporation dechlorination device and comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a dechlorination solution with the mass percentage concentration of 15-32 wt%, specifically, adding solid sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate into a pulping tank body through a feeding port of the pulping tank, then adding water with the conductivity of less than or equal to 10 mu s/cm and the hardness of less than or equal to 2.5 mu mol/L into the pulping tank body, wherein the adding amount of the water accounts for 68-85 wt% of the whole mass of the dechlorination solution, then starting a pulping stirrer to stir the materials in the pulping tank body, and stopping stirring after the materials are completely dissolved.
(2) And conveying the dechlorination solution in the pulping tank into the solution storage tank body through a pipeline between a storage tank feed inlet and a pulping tank discharge outlet in a natural overflow mode, and/or adding the dechlorination solution with the mass percentage concentration of 15-32 wt% into the solution storage tank body through the storage tank feed inlet.
(3) Opening at least one transfer pump, conveying the liquid material in the solution storage tank (namely, the dechlorination solution entering the solution storage tank) into the transfer tank, simultaneously opening the heating component, wherein the heating temperature is 70-85 ℃, when the liquid level in the transfer tank reaches a set high liquid level line, starting the interlocking between the transfer pump and a third liquid level meter, keeping the liquid level higher than the set low liquid level line and lower than the set high liquid level line, and simultaneously starting the interlocking control of the heating component and the thermometer, so as to maintain the temperature of the liquid material in the transfer tank to be 70-85 ℃.
(4) Starting a spray pump, spraying a liquid material at 70-85 ℃ into a pipeline of a bag-type dust removal flue gas inlet at the front end of a bag-type dust remover through a spray gun, wherein the liquid atomization granularity of the spray gun is less than or equal to 150 mu m, the atomization pressure is 0.6-0.8MPa, and after the liquid material is sprayed into the pipeline of the bag-type dust removal flue gas inlet at the front end of the bag-type dust remover through the spray gun, converting the liquid material into a gas state, and performing full-evaporation dechlorination on the blast furnace gas;
(5) the blast furnace gas is sprayed and then enters a bag-type dust collector for bag-type dust collection, and the content of hydrogen chloride in the blast furnace gas at the bag-type dust collection outlet is less than 10mg/Nm3And the temperature is reduced to less than 5 ℃, so that the dechlorination treatment of the blast furnace gas is realized.
Preferably, when the dechlorination device comprises a gravity dust collector and a bag-type dust collector, before the step (4), the step (3') is carried out to start the gravity dust collector and the bag-type dust collector, and the blast furnace gas is firstly subjected to the first-step dust collection by the gravity dust collector.
Preferably, the water with the conductivity less than or equal to 10 mu s/cm and the hardness less than or equal to 2.5 mu mol/L in the step (1) is desalted water; the unloading pump is a power frequency unloading pump, the lift of the unloading pump is 13-16 m, and the flow rate of the unloading pump is 14-17 m 3/h.
Preferably, the concentration of hydrogen chloride in the initial blast furnace gas entering the inlet of the pipe through which the lance injects the liquid material (i.e. the gravity dust removal outlet) is 50-200mg/Nm3。
The invention has the technical effects that:
the process system of the invention has the advantages of simple overall layout and operation, high dechlorination efficiency, small occupied area and low operating cost by reasonably setting the configuration relationship of each component, and can remove other strong acid gases (except hydrogen chloride) in the coal gas, such as hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen fluoride and the like. The most important guarantee is provided for rear-end desulfurization and pipeline protection.
The process solves the technical problems that the prior dry dechlorination technology is difficult to treat solid waste and the total wet process has large waste water amount by using a sodium carbonate/sodium bicarbonate solution. According to the invention, through reasonably arranging the spray gun, the mode of atomization spraying pervaporation is realized, so that the contact area is increased, the dechlorination efficiency is higher, and the byproduct sodium chloride enters the cloth bag for dust removal and is intercepted. Furthermore, the method adopts a pervaporation mode, so that not only can hydrogen chloride be removed, but also strong acid gases such as hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen cyanide can be removed simultaneously.
The process device has the advantages of reasonable configuration of each component, simple structure and strong adaptability, can treat blast furnace gas with different hydrogen chloride contents under different conditions, and can achieve the target effect only by adjusting the spraying amount according to the hydrogen chloride content. And because the occupied area is small, the operation is simple, and the subsequent equipment use of the blast furnace is not influenced. Because of adopting the pervaporation dechlorination solution, the catalyst realizes protection (no new adverse factor is caused to the subsequent process) for the carbonyl sulfide hydrolysis catalyst of the current mainstream process, and the enrichment of the salt concentration of the rear-end absorption solution is effectively solved in the process of the invention, thereby greatly prolonging the service life of the subsequent desulfurization process equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a wet pervaporation dechlorination device for blast furnace gas according to the invention.
Wherein: 1-pulping system, 2-solution storage tank component, 3-transfer pump, 4-transfer tank component, 5-spray pump, 6-rotor flow meter, 7-spray gun, 8-blast furnace, 9-gravity dust remover and 10-bag dust remover.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings:
example 1
The blast furnace gas wet pervaporation dechlorination device shown in fig. 1 comprises a pulping system 1, a solution storage system and a spraying system.
The pulping system comprises a pulping tank body, a pulping tank feeding port, a pulping stirrer, a first liquid level meter, a pulping tank drain outlet and a pulping tank discharge port; pulping tank pan feeding mouth sets up in the top of the pulping tank body or the upper end of lateral part, is provided with in the pulping tank body pulping agitator and level gauge, the pulping agitator is used for stirring the material that enters into the pulping tank body, first level gauge is used for monitoring the liquid level of the internal material of pulping tank, pulping tank drain and pulping tank discharge opening all set up in the bottom of the pulping tank body, the pulping tank drain is used for discharging sediment debris.
The solution storage system comprises a solution storage tank part 2, a transfer pump 3 and a transfer tank part 4; the solution storage tank part 2 comprises a solution storage tank body, a second liquid level meter, a first top vent valve, a storage tank feeding hole, a storage tank discharging hole and a storage tank discharging hole; the storage tank feed inlet sets up in the top of the solution storage tank body or the upper end of lateral part, and at least one the storage tank feed inlet pass through the pipeline with slurrying jar discharge opening intercommunication is provided with on the top of the solution storage tank body first top atmospheric valve is provided with at the internal second level gauge that is provided with of solution storage tank, the second level gauge is used for monitoring the liquid level of the internal material of solution storage tank, storage tank drain and storage tank discharge gate all set up in the bottom of the solution storage tank body, the storage tank drain is used for the debris of the discharge solution storage tank body.
The transfer tank part 4 comprises a transfer tank body, a third liquid level meter, a thermometer, a second top emptying valve, a transfer tank feeding hole, a transfer tank discharging hole and a heating part; the unloading tank feed inlet sets up in the top of the unloading tank body or the upper end of lateral part, just the unloading tank feed inlet pass through the pipeline with the storage tank discharge gate intercommunication is provided with on the top of the unloading tank body the second top atmospheric valve is internal to be provided with at the unloading tank the third level gauge, the third level gauge is used for monitoring the liquid level of the internal material of unloading tank, the thermometer sets up in the unloading tank internally for detect the temperature of the internal material of unloading tank, unloading tank drain and unloading tank discharge gate all set up in the bottom of the unloading tank body, unloading tank drain is used for discharging the internal debris of unloading tank, the heater block sets up in the unloading tank for heat the internal material that enters into the unloading tank.
The unloading pump 3 is arranged on the pipeline between the unloading tank feeding hole and the storage tank discharging hole.
The spraying system comprises a spraying pipeline, a spraying pump and a spraying gun, one end of the spraying pipeline is communicated with a discharge port of the transfer tank, the other end of the spraying pipeline is connected with the spraying gun, and two or more than two spraying pumps are arranged on the spraying pipeline. The spray gun is a single-fluid atomization spray gun, wherein the liquid atomization granularity is less than or equal to 150 mu m, the atomization pressure is 0.6-0.8MPa, and a heat insulation layer is arranged outside the spray pipeline.
In this embodiment, the spray gun of the dechlorination apparatus is disposed in the pipe between the gravity dust collector and the bag-type dust collector as shown in fig. 1.
The storage tank feed inlet of this embodiment sets up one, with pulping tank discharge opening passes through the pipeline intercommunication to this storage tank feed inlet of this embodiment can also directly add the dechlorination solution of outsourcing simultaneously.
The unloading pump of the embodiment is provided with two unloading pumps, one of the unloading pumps is used for standby, the third liquid level meter and one of the unloading pumps are controlled in an interlocking mode, when the liquid level in the tank is lower than a low liquid level line (for example, 1/10 of the height of the tank body), the unloading pump is automatically started, and when the liquid level in the tank is higher than a high liquid level line (for example, 95% of the height of the tank body), the unloading pump is automatically stopped; the heating part and the thermometer are set to be interlocked and controlled, the heating part is automatically opened when the temperature of the thermometer is lower than a set lowest threshold (for example, 70 ℃), and the heating part is closed when the temperature is higher than a set highest threshold (for example, 85 ℃); the heating means are electrical heating means to maintain the temperature within this temperature range.
This embodiment is in the unloading jar feed inlet with still be provided with check valve and ball valve on the pipeline between the storage tank discharge gate, just as shown in figure 1 spraying system still includes rotameter, check valve and Y type filter, rotameter, check valve and Y type filter all set up in on the spray piping, the lift of spray pump is 80 ~ 100 meters, and the flow is 0.5-2m3And h, the spraying pump is a variable-frequency spraying pump.
Example 2:
(1) the concentration of the hydrogen chloride in the initial blast furnace gas discharged into the bag-type dust removal flue gas inlet is 50-100mg/Nm3The gas temperature is 100 ℃ and 160 ℃, and the dust content is 3-8g/Nm3. Adding solid sodium carbonate into the pulping tank body through a feeding port of the pulping tank, simultaneously adding demineralized water into the pulping tank body, starting a pulping stirrer to stir materials in the pulping tank body until the materials are completely dissolved, stopping stirring, and preparing a sodium carbonate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 15-32 wt%.
(2) And conveying the dechlorination solution in the pulping tank into the solution storage tank body through a pipeline between a storage tank feed inlet and a pulping tank discharge outlet in a natural overflow mode, or adding the dechlorination solution with the mass percentage concentration of 15-32 wt% into the solution storage tank body through the storage tank feed inlet.
(3) Opening a transfer pump, wherein the transfer pump is a power frequency transfer pump, the lift of the transfer pump is 13-16 m, and the flow rate is about 16m3H is used as the reference value. The internal liquid material of solution storage tank is carried to the transfer jar with the transfer pump, opens simultaneously the heater block, and heating temperature is for making the temperature of liquid material be 75 ~ 85 ℃, when the internal liquid level of transfer jar reaches the high liquid level line of settlement, starts the interlocking between transfer pump and third level gauge, keeps the liquid level to be higher than the low liquid level line of settlement and is less than the high liquid level line of settlement, starts the heater block simultaneously with the interlocking control that the thermometer set up, the temperature of maintaining the internal liquid material of transfer jar is 75 ~ 85 ℃.
(4) Starting a spray pump, spraying a liquid material with the temperature of 75-85 ℃ into a pipeline at the front end of a bag-type dust remover through a spray gun, wherein the liquid atomization granularity of the spray gun is less than or equal to 150 mu m, the atomization pressure is 0.6-0.8MPa, after the liquid material is sprayed into the pipeline between a gravity dust removal outlet and a bag-type dust removal flue gas inlet through the spray gun, the liquid material meets high-temperature coal gas after entering the pipeline, the spraying amount is extremely low, so that the liquid is changed into gas (pervaporation) to perform pervaporation dechlorination treatment on blast furnace gas, the contact area of the pervaporation mode and hydrogen chloride is further increased, the mass transfer effect is enhanced, and the high-efficiency desorption of the hydrogen chloride is realized. And simultaneously removing strong acid gases such as hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen fluoride and the like in the coal gas.
(5) The blast furnace gas is sprayed and then enters a bag-type dust collector for bag-type dust collection, and the content of hydrogen chloride in the blast furnace gas at the bag-type dust collection outlet is less than 10mg/Nm3And the temperature is reduced to less than 5 ℃, so that the dechlorination treatment of the blast furnace gas is realized.
Example 3:
(1) the concentration of the hydrogen chloride in the initial blast furnace gas discharged into the bag-type dust removal flue gas inlet is 50-100mg/Nm3The gas temperature is 100 ℃ and 160 ℃, and the dust content is 3-8g/Nm3. Preparing a sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 15-32 wt%, adding solid sodium carbonate into the pulping tank body through a feeding port of the pulping tank, simultaneously adding demineralized water into the pulping tank body, starting a pulping stirrer to stir materials in the pulping tank body until the materials are completely dissolved, and stopping stirring.
(2) And conveying the dechlorination solution in the pulping tank into the solution storage tank body through a pipeline between a storage tank feed inlet and a pulping tank discharge outlet in a natural overflow mode, or adding the dechlorination solution with the mass percentage concentration of 15-32 wt% into the solution storage tank body through the storage tank feed inlet.
(3) Opening a transfer pump, wherein the transfer pump is a power frequency transfer pump, the lift of the transfer pump is 13-16 m, and the flow rate is about 16m3H is used as the reference value. The internal liquid material of solution storage tank is carried to the transfer jar with the transfer pump, opens simultaneously the heater block, and heating temperature is for making the temperature of liquid material be 75 ~ 85 ℃, when the internal liquid level of transfer jar reaches the high liquid level line of settlement, starts the interlocking between transfer pump and third level gauge, keeps the liquid level to be higher than the low liquid level line of settlement and is less than the high liquid level line of settlement, starts the heater block simultaneously with the interlocking control that the thermometer set up, the temperature of maintaining the internal liquid material of transfer jar is 75 ~ 85 ℃.
(4) And starting the gravity dust collector, the cyclone dust collector and the bag-type dust collector, and primarily removing dust from the blast furnace gas through the gravity dust collector and the cyclone dust collector. (in other embodiments, only a gravity dust collector and a bag dust collector are provided there and no cyclone).
(5) Starting a spray pump, spraying a liquid material with the temperature of 75-85 ℃ into a pipeline between an outlet of a cyclone dust collector and a bag-type dust removal flue gas inlet through a spray gun, wherein the liquid atomization granularity of the spray gun is less than or equal to 150 mu m, the atomization pressure is 0.6-0.8MPa, after the liquid material is sprayed into the pipeline between a gravity dust removal outlet and the bag-type dust removal flue gas inlet through the spray gun, the liquid material meets high-temperature coal gas after entering the pipeline, the spraying amount is extremely low, so that the liquid is changed into gas (pervaporation), and the blast furnace gas is subjected to pervaporation dechlorination, the contact area of the pervaporation mode and the hydrogen chloride is further increased, the mass transfer effect is enhanced, and the high-efficiency removal of the hydrogen chloride is realized. And simultaneously removing strong acid gases such as hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen fluoride and the like in the coal gas.
(6) The blast furnace gas is sprayed and then enters a bag-type dust collector for bag-type dust collection, and the content of hydrogen chloride in the blast furnace gas at the bag-type dust collection outlet is less than 10mg/Nm3And the temperature is reduced to less than 5 ℃, so that the dechlorination treatment of the blast furnace gas is realized.
Claims (10)
1. The blast furnace gas wet pervaporation dechlorination device is characterized by comprising a pulping system, a solution storage system and a spraying system;
the pulping system comprises a pulping tank body, a pulping tank feeding port, a pulping stirrer, a first liquid level meter, a pulping tank drain outlet and a pulping tank discharge port; the pulping tank comprises a pulping tank body, a first liquid level meter, a pulping stirrer, a first liquid level meter, a pulping tank drain outlet, a pulping tank discharge outlet and a second liquid level meter, wherein the pulping tank is arranged at the top of the pulping tank body or at the upper end of the side part of the pulping tank body;
the solution storage system comprises a solution storage tank component, a transfer pump and a transfer tank component; the solution storage tank part comprises a solution storage tank body, a second liquid level meter, a first top vent valve, a storage tank feeding hole, a storage tank discharging hole and a storage tank discharging hole; the solution storage tank is characterized in that the storage tank feed inlet is arranged at the top of the solution storage tank body or the upper end of the side part of the solution storage tank body, at least one storage tank feed inlet is communicated with the pulping tank discharge outlet through a pipeline, the top end of the solution storage tank body is provided with the first top vent valve, the solution storage tank body is internally provided with the second liquid level meter, the second liquid level meter is used for monitoring the liquid level of materials in the solution storage tank body, the storage tank discharge outlet and the storage tank discharge outlet are both arranged at the bottom of the solution storage tank body, and the storage tank discharge outlet is used for discharging impurities in the solution storage tank body;
the transfer tank part comprises a transfer tank body, a third liquid level meter, a thermometer, a second top emptying valve, a transfer tank feeding hole, a transfer tank discharging hole and a heating part; the unloading device comprises a unloading tank body, a loading tank, a storage tank discharge port, a first top emptying valve, a third liquid level meter, a thermometer, a heating component and a second top emptying valve, wherein the unloading tank is arranged at the top end of the unloading tank body;
the unloading pump is arranged on a pipeline between the unloading tank feeding hole and the storage tank discharging hole;
the spraying system comprises a spraying pipeline, a spraying pump and a spraying gun, one end of the spraying pipeline is communicated with a discharge port of the transfer tank, the other end of the spraying pipeline is connected with the spraying gun, and two or more than two spraying pumps are arranged on the spraying pipeline.
2. The blast furnace gas wet pervaporation dechlorination device according to claim 1, further comprising a gravity dust collector and a bag-type dust collector, wherein the gravity dust collector is provided with a gravity dust-removal flue gas inlet and a gravity dust-removal outlet, the bag-type dust collector is provided with a bag-type dust-removal flue gas inlet and a bag-type dust-removal outlet, the gravity dust-removal outlet is communicated with the bag-type dust-removal flue gas inlet through a pipeline, and the spray gun is arranged in the pipeline communicating the gravity dust-removal outlet with the bag-type dust-removal flue gas inlet.
3. The blast furnace gas wet pervaporation dechlorination apparatus according to claim 2, wherein there are two storage tank feed inlets, and one of the storage tank feed inlets is communicated with the slurrying tank discharge opening through a pipeline;
the rear part of the gravity dust collector is also provided with a cyclone dust collector, alternatively, the gravity dust collection outlet is communicated with an inlet of the cyclone dust collector, and the spray gun is arranged in a pipeline communicated between the dust collection outlet of the cyclone dust collector and the bag dust collection flue gas inlet.
4. The blast furnace gas wet pervaporation dechlorination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the dump pumps are provided with two or more than two, and the third level meter is interlocked with one of the dump pumps, and the dump pump is automatically turned on when the liquid level in the tank is lower than the low liquid level line and automatically turned off when the liquid level in the tank is higher than the high liquid level line; the heating part and the thermometer are set to be in interlocking control, the heating part is automatically turned on when the temperature of the thermometer is lower than a set lowest threshold value, and the heating part is turned off when the temperature is higher than a set highest threshold value; the heating component is an electric heating component.
5. The blast furnace gas wet pervaporation dechlorination device according to claim 1, wherein a check valve and a ball valve are further arranged on a pipeline between the feeding port of the storage tank and the discharging port of the storage tank, the check valve is used for preventing the solution in the storage tank from flowing back to the solution storage tank, and the ball valve is used for setting the inlet and the outlet of the storage pump as a partition device, so that the subsequent maintenance of the storage pump is facilitated.
6. The blast furnace gas wet pervaporation dechlorination device according to claim 1, wherein the spraying system further comprises a rotameter, a check valve and a Y-type filter, the rotameter, the check valve and the Y-type filter are all arranged on the spraying pipeline, the rotameter is used for measuring the spraying amount of the liquid material, the check valve is a valve arranged for preventing the liquid material from flowing back due to overhigh pressure in the spraying pipeline, the Y-type filter is used for filtering impurities in the liquid material and preventing a spray gun from being blocked, the head of the spraying pump is about 80-100 m, and the flow rate of the spraying pump is about 0.5-2m3And h, the spraying pump is a variable-frequency spraying pump.
7. The blast furnace gas wet pervaporation dechlorination device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spray gun is a single fluid atomization spray gun, wherein the liquid atomization particle size is less than or equal to 150 μm, the atomization pressure is 0.6-0.8MPa, and an insulating layer is arranged outside the spray pipe.
8. A blast furnace gas wet-process total evaporation dechlorination method, which is characterized in that the blast furnace gas wet-process total evaporation dechlorination method is operated by using the blast furnace gas wet-process total evaporation dechlorination device of any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a dechlorination solution with the mass percentage concentration of 15-32 wt%, specifically, adding solid sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate into a pulping tank body through a feeding port of the pulping tank, then adding water with the conductivity of less than or equal to 10 mu s/cm and the hardness of less than or equal to 2.5 mu mol/L into the pulping tank body, wherein the adding amount of the water accounts for 68-85 wt% of the whole mass of the dechlorination solution, then starting a pulping stirrer to stir the materials in the pulping tank body, and stopping stirring after the materials are completely dissolved;
(2) conveying the dechlorination solution in the pulping tank into the solution storage tank body through a pipeline between a storage tank feeding hole and a pulping tank discharging hole in a natural overflow mode, and/or adding the dechlorination solution with the mass percentage concentration of 15-32 wt% into the solution storage tank body through the storage tank feeding hole;
(3) opening at least one transfer pump, conveying the liquid material in the solution storage tank into the transfer tank, simultaneously starting the heating part, heating to 70-85 ℃, starting the interlocking between the transfer pump and a third liquid level meter when the liquid level in the transfer tank reaches a set high liquid level line, keeping the liquid level higher than the set low liquid level line and lower than the set high liquid level line, and simultaneously starting the interlocking control of the heating part and the thermometer, so as to maintain the temperature of the liquid material in the transfer tank to be 70-85 ℃;
(4) starting a spray pump, spraying a liquid material at 70-85 ℃ into a pipeline of a bag-type dust removal flue gas inlet at the front end of a bag-type dust remover through a spray gun, wherein the liquid atomization granularity of the spray gun is less than or equal to 150 mu m, the atomization pressure is 0.6-0.8MPa, and after the liquid material is sprayed into the pipeline of the bag-type dust removal flue gas inlet at the front end of the bag-type dust remover through the spray gun, converting the liquid material into a gas state, and performing full-evaporation dechlorination on the blast furnace gas;
(5) the blast furnace gas is sprayed and then enters a bag-type dust collector for bag-type dust collection, and the content of hydrogen chloride in the blast furnace gas at the bag-type dust collection outlet is less than 10mg/Nm3And the temperature is reduced to less than 5 ℃, so that the dechlorination treatment of the blast furnace gas is realized.
9. The blast furnace gas wet pervaporation dechlorination method according to claim 8, characterized in that the water with the conductivity of less than or equal to 10 μ s/cm and the hardness of less than or equal to 2.5 μmol/L in the step (1) is desalted water; the unloading pump is a power frequency unloading pump, the lift of the unloading pump is 13-16 m, and the flow rate of the unloading pump is 14-17 m3H; in the step (4), the liquid material with the temperature of 70-85 ℃ is sprayed into a pipeline of a bag-type dust removal flue gas inlet at the front end of a bag-type dust remover through a spray gun, wherein the pipeline is a pipeline communicated between a gravity dust removal outlet of the gravity dust remover and the bag-type dust removal flue gas inlet, or the pipeline is a pipeline communicated between a dust removal outlet of the cyclone dust remover and the bag-type dust removal flue gas inlet.
10. The blast furnace gas wet pervaporation dechlorination method according to claim 8, characterized in that the concentration of hydrogen chloride in the initial blast furnace gas entering the inlet of the pipe through which the lance injects the liquid material is 50-200mg/Nm3。
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