CN114290909A - New energy electric vehicle solar power generation device and control method thereof - Google Patents
New energy electric vehicle solar power generation device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a solar power generation device of a new energy electric vehicle and a control method thereof, wherein the device comprises a control module, a photovoltaic module, a high-voltage module, a low-voltage module and a whole vehicle controller which are arranged on the new energy electric vehicle; the control module comprises a charging controller, a bidirectional DCDC converter, a voltage stabilizing circuit and an OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger, wherein the charging controller, the voltage stabilizing circuit and the OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger are respectively and electrically connected with the bidirectional DCDC converter; the photovoltaic module is electrically connected with the voltage stabilizing circuit, the high-voltage module and the low-voltage module are respectively electrically connected with the bidirectional DCDC converter, and when the new energy electric automobile is charged, the OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger is electrically connected with a power grid; photovoltaic module, high-voltage module and low-voltage module respectively with vehicle control unit electric connection. Compared with the prior art, the invention realizes the energy intercommunication among photovoltaic power generation, the low-voltage battery, the power battery and the power grid, and maximizes the energy utilization rate of the new energy automobile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of new energy automobile manufacturing, in particular to a solar power generation device of a new energy electric automobile and a control method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the market share of electric automobiles in China is over 6%, and the electric automobiles have more and more large power requirements, but more than 60% of power in China comes from thermal power, and in some aspects, the electric automobiles only discharge and transfer, so that the energy source of the electric automobiles in the whole life cycle still needs to be solved, solar energy is high-quality and sustainable automobile energy, and the current industry technology of solar power generation of new energy automobiles mainly comprises the following two modes:
the first method is as follows: a small solar panel is designed to supply power to the low-voltage air conditioning system;
the second method comprises the following steps: and designing a professional controller to charge the high-voltage battery.
For the first mode, chinese patent CN213799293U proposes an electric vehicle charging system using solar energy to generate electricity, as shown in fig. 1, a retractable solar panel 21 is installed on the roof of the vehicle, the retractable solar panel and the angle adjustment are controlled by a driving control module, a voltage conversion module is added to the vehicle, and the electric energy is controlled to the power battery 31 and the 12V storage battery. The electric vehicle charging system needs to be additionally provided with a voltage control module and a driving control module, so that the cost is increased, the weight is increased, the arrangement space in a vehicle is influenced, the system is overstaffed, and the occupied space is large; if the vehicle is stopped for a long time, the battery cannot be recharged after being fully charged, so that energy waste is caused, and the benefit of a photovoltaic power generation system is reduced; in rainy days or weak light, the photovoltaic power battery is low in charging efficiency, and some weak light cannot be utilized; the 12V storage battery is charged, the storage battery of the common automobile is very small in capacity and is easy to be fully charged, and the 12V storage battery does not have the function of charging the power battery 31, so that photovoltaic waste is caused;
for the second mode, chinese patent CN112874311A proposes a system and method for providing power and driving an air conditioner by solar energy applied to a new energy vehicle, the solar panel 1 can be extended and retracted as required, the solar panel 1 generates electricity to supply power to the power battery 31 and the air conditioner storage battery 7, and both the power battery 31 and the air conditioner storage battery 7 can supply power to the air conditioner. In the system, solar energy can only supply power to an air conditioning system and power, the energy of the power battery 31 and the energy of the air conditioning storage battery 3 cannot be mutually converted, and the energy utilization rate cannot be maximized; the electric quantity of the air-conditioning storage battery 3 cannot be used by other low-voltage components, and the photovoltaic energy utilization is limited;
in conclusion, the two methods have the defects of complex system, high cost, low photovoltaic power generation benefit and lack of industrialization base.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a solar power generation device of a new energy electric vehicle and a control method thereof, so that energy intercommunication among photovoltaic power generation, a low-voltage battery, a power battery and a power grid is realized, and the energy utilization rate of the new energy electric vehicle is maximized.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a solar power generation device of a new energy electric vehicle comprises a control module, a photovoltaic module, a high-voltage module, a low-voltage module and a whole vehicle controller, wherein the control module, the photovoltaic module, the high-voltage module, the low-voltage module and the whole vehicle controller are arranged on the new energy electric vehicle;
the control module comprises a charging controller, a bidirectional DCDC converter, a voltage stabilizing circuit and an OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger which is electrically connected with a power grid, wherein the charging controller, the voltage stabilizing circuit and the OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger are respectively electrically connected with the bidirectional DCDC converter;
the photovoltaic module is electrically connected with the voltage stabilizing circuit, and the high-voltage module and the low-voltage module are respectively electrically connected with the bidirectional DCDC converter;
and the charging controller, the photovoltaic module, the high-voltage module and the low-voltage module are respectively and electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller.
Furthermore, the photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of solar panels arranged on the outer surface of the new energy electric automobile, and the solar panels are electrically connected with the voltage stabilizing circuit.
Furthermore, the distribution areas of the plurality of solar panels comprise the roof, the front cabin cover, the side walls and the rear wall of the new energy electric automobile.
Further, the high-voltage module comprises a power battery and a power battery controller electrically connected with the power battery, the power battery controller is electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller, and the power battery, the high-voltage load of the new energy electric vehicle and the bidirectional DCDC converter are electrically connected with each other in pairs.
Further, the low-voltage module comprises a low-voltage battery and a low-voltage battery controller electrically connected with the low-voltage battery, the low-voltage battery controller is connected with the whole vehicle controller, and the low-voltage battery, the low-voltage load of the new energy electric vehicle and the bidirectional DCDC converter are electrically connected with each other pairwise.
A control method using the power generation device includes;
the charging controller receives energy flow direction characteristic data collected by the whole vehicle controller;
and the charging controller controls the energy flow direction among the photovoltaic module, the high-voltage module, the low-voltage module and the power grid through the bidirectional DCDC converter according to the energy flow direction characteristic data.
Further, the energy flow process is divided into a charging mode and a non-charging mode;
judging whether any one of the following conditions is met:
the photovoltaic module performs photovoltaic power generation;
the OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger is electrically connected with a power grid;
if so, entering a charging mode, otherwise, entering a non-charging mode.
Further, the energy flow direction characteristic data comprises photovoltaic power generation power P0Low voltage load power P1The current SOC of the low-voltage battery and the current SOC of the power battery.
Further, the charging mode includes:
s11, the charging controller judges whether P is satisfied0W is more than or equal to W or N is more than or equal to d, if yes, the bidirectional DCDC converter is controlled to charge the low-voltage battery, and if not, the step S12 is executed;
wherein W is a set value, and N ═ P0-P1D is the allowable charging power of the low-voltage battery;
s12, the charging controller judges whether the SOC of the power battery is smaller than the SOC upper limit value of the power battery, if so, the bidirectional DCDC converter is controlled to charge the power battery, otherwise, the step S13 is executed;
and S13, the charging controller judges whether the OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger is electrically connected with the power grid, if so, the bidirectional DCDC converter is controlled to charge the power grid, and otherwise, the bidirectional DCDC converter is controlled to stop working.
Further, the non-charging mode includes:
the charging controller judges whether any one of the following conditions is met:
P1> Y, N < 0, wherein N ═ P0-P1Y is a set value;
the current SOC of the low-voltage battery is smaller than the lower limit value of the low-voltage battery;
and if so, controlling the bidirectional DCDC converter to charge the power battery to the low-voltage battery, otherwise, controlling the bidirectional DCDC converter to stop working.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the charging controller controls the energy flow direction among the photovoltaic module, the high-voltage module, the low-voltage module and the power grid through the bidirectional DCDC converter according to the characteristic data of the energy flow direction, when the low-voltage battery and the power battery are fully charged, the bidirectional DCDC converter can feed back photovoltaic power generation to the power grid through the OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger or supply power to a household, when a vehicle is parked for a long time or the power battery is fully charged, the photovoltaic electric energy can be converted into alternating current and flows to the power grid or a user household, an electric vehicle can be used as a household standby power supply, when no illumination or weak illumination exists, the charging controller can transfer the power of the power battery to the low-voltage bus through the bidirectional DCDC converter after the vehicle is started for charging the low-voltage battery or supplying power to a low-voltage load so as to ensure the normal use of the vehicle, and when the vehicle needs external charging, the charging controller is connected with the power grid through the alternating current bus, the energy-saving control system can charge the vehicle, and the energy can flow to the power battery and also flow to the low-voltage battery;
(2) the photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of solar panels arranged on the outer surface of the new energy electric automobile, and the distribution areas of the plurality of solar panels comprise the roof, the front cabin cover, the side wall and the rear wall of the new energy electric automobile, so that full scene solar power generation is realized, and the energy utilization rate is high;
(3) the control module integrates the charging controller, the bidirectional DCDC converter, the voltage stabilizing circuit and the OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger, and the circuit is shared, so that the control module has the cost advantage compared with an independent charging controller.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electric vehicle charging system utilizing a small solar panel to power a low voltage air conditioning system;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a new energy vehicle utilizing a specialized controller to charge a high voltage battery;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a new energy vehicle utilizing a specialized controller to charge a high voltage battery;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a solar power generation device according to the present invention;
the reference numbers in the figures illustrate:
1. the system comprises a control module, 2, a photovoltaic module, 3, a high-voltage module, 4, a low-voltage module, 5, a power grid, 6, a vehicle control unit, 7, an air-conditioning storage battery, 11, a charging controller, 12, a bidirectional DCDC converter, 13, a voltage stabilizing circuit, 14, an OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger, 21, a solar panel, 31, a power battery, 32, a high-voltage load, 35, a power battery controller, 41, a low-voltage battery, 42, a low-voltage load and 43, a low-voltage battery controller.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example 1
A solar power generation device of a new energy electric vehicle is shown in figure 4 and comprises a control module 1, a photovoltaic module 2, a high-voltage module 3, a low-voltage module 4 and a vehicle control unit 6 which are arranged on the new energy electric vehicle;
the control module 1 comprises a charging controller 11, a bidirectional DCDC converter 12, a voltage stabilizing circuit 13 and an OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger 14, wherein the charging controller 11, the voltage stabilizing circuit 13 and the OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger 14 are respectively and electrically connected with the bidirectional DCDC converter 12;
photovoltaic module 2 and voltage stabilizing circuit 13 electric connection, high-voltage module 3 and low-voltage module 4 respectively with two-way DCDC converter 12 electric connection, when new forms of energy electric automobile charges, the on-vehicle two-way charger 14 of OBC and electric wire netting 5 electric connection, photovoltaic module 2, high-voltage module 3 and low-voltage module 4 respectively with vehicle control unit 6 electric connection.
Photovoltaic module 2 is including locating a plurality of solar cell panel 21 of new forms of energy electric automobile surface, and solar cell panel 21 passes through photovoltaic generating line and voltage stabilizing circuit 13 electric connection, and a plurality of solar cell panel 21 distribution area include new forms of energy electric automobile's roof, preceding cabin cover, side wall and back wall, realize full scene solar energy power generation, and energy utilization is high.
The high-voltage module 3 comprises a power battery 31 and a power battery controller 35, the power battery controller 35 is electrically connected with the power battery 31 through a hard line, the power battery controller 35 is used for calculating the current SOC of the power battery 31 and uploading the current SOC to the vehicle control unit 6, the power battery controller 35 is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit 6, and the power battery 31, the high-voltage load 32 of the new energy electric vehicle and the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 are electrically connected with each other two by two through a high-voltage bus.
The low-voltage module 4 comprises a low-voltage battery 41 and a low-voltage battery controller 43, the low-voltage battery controller 43 is connected with the low-voltage battery 41 through a hard wire, the low-voltage battery controller 43 is used for calculating the current SOC of the low-voltage battery 41 and uploading the current SOC to the vehicle control unit 6, the low-voltage battery controller 43 is connected with the vehicle control unit 6 through a CAN bus, and the low-voltage battery 41, the low-voltage load 42 of the new energy electric vehicle and the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 are electrically connected with each other in pairs through the low-voltage bus.
The charge controller 11 collects the photovoltaic input voltage and current in real time and calculates the photovoltaic power generation power P0。
Example 2
A control method using the power generation device described in embodiment 1, comprising;
the charging controller 11 receives energy flow direction characteristic data collected by the vehicle control unit 6, wherein the energy flow direction characteristic data comprises photovoltaic power generation power P0Low voltage load power P1The current SOC of the low-voltage battery 41 and the current SOC of the power battery 31;
the charging controller 11 controls the energy flow among the photovoltaic module 2, the high voltage module 3, the low voltage module 4 and the power grid 5 through the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 according to the energy flow characteristic data.
The energy flow direction process is divided into a charging mode and a non-charging mode;
the charge controller 11 judges whether any of the following conditions is satisfied:
the photovoltaic module 2 performs photovoltaic power generation;
the OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger 14 is electrically connected with the power grid 5;
if so, entering a charging mode, otherwise, entering a non-charging mode.
The charging mode includes:
s11, charging controller 11 determines whether or not P is satisfied0W is more than or equal to W or N is more than or equal to d, if yes, the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 is controlled to charge the low-voltage battery 41, and if not, the step S12 is executed;
wherein W is a set value, and N ═ P0-P1D is the allowable charging power of the low-voltage battery 41;
s12, the charging controller 11 judges whether the SOC of the power battery 31 is smaller than the SOC upper limit value of the power battery 31, if so, the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 is controlled to charge the power battery 31, otherwise, the step S13 is executed;
and S13, the charging controller 11 judges whether the OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger 14 is electrically connected with the power grid 5, if so, the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 is controlled to charge the power grid 5, and otherwise, the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 is controlled to stop working.
The non-charging mode includes:
the charge controller 11 determines whether any of the following conditions is satisfied:
P1> Y, N < 0, wherein N ═ P0-P1Y is a set value;
the current SOC of the low-voltage battery 41 is smaller than the lower limit value of the low-voltage battery 41;
if so, the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 is controlled to charge the power battery 31 to the low-voltage battery 41, otherwise, the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 is controlled to stop working.
The control method provided by the embodiment can realize the following effects:
1) when the low-voltage battery 41 and the power battery 31 are fully charged, the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 can feed back photovoltaic power generation to the power grid 5 through the OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger 14 or supply power to a household, when a vehicle is parked for a long time or the power battery is fully charged, photovoltaic electric energy can be converted into alternating current and flows to the power grid or the household, and an electric automobile can be used as a household standby power supply.
2) When the vehicle is not illuminated or is illuminated weakly, after the vehicle is started, the charge controller 11 can transfer the power of the power battery 31 to the low-voltage bus through the bidirectional DCDC converter 12, and the power is used for charging the low-voltage battery 41 or supplying power to the low-voltage load 43, so that the normal use of the vehicle is ensured;
3) when the vehicle needs external charging, the charging controller 11 is connected to the power grid 5 through the ac bus, so as to charge the vehicle, and the energy may flow to the power battery 31 or the low-voltage battery 41.
Embodiments 1 and 2 provide a solar power generation device for a new energy electric vehicle and a control method thereof, which implement photovoltaic power generation, energy intercommunication between a low-voltage battery 41, a power battery 31 and a power grid through a control strategy, and maximize the energy utilization rate of the new energy electric vehicle.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A solar power generation device of a new energy electric vehicle is characterized by comprising a control module (1), a photovoltaic module (2), a high-voltage module (3), a low-voltage module (4) and a whole vehicle controller (6), wherein the control module, the photovoltaic module (2), the high-voltage module and the low-voltage module are arranged on the new energy electric vehicle;
the control module (1) comprises a charging controller (11), a bidirectional DCDC converter (12), a voltage stabilizing circuit (13) and an OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger (14) which is electrically connected with a power grid (5), wherein the charging controller (11), the voltage stabilizing circuit (13) and the OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger (14) are respectively electrically connected with the bidirectional DCDC converter (12);
the photovoltaic module (2) is electrically connected with the voltage stabilizing circuit (13), and the high-voltage module (3) and the low-voltage module (4) are respectively electrically connected with the bidirectional DCDC converter (12);
the charging controller (11), the photovoltaic module (2), the high-voltage module (3) and the low-voltage module (4) are respectively electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller (6).
2. The solar power generation device of the new energy electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic module (2) comprises a plurality of solar panels (21) arranged on the outer surface of the new energy electric vehicle, and the solar panels (21) are electrically connected with the voltage stabilizing circuit (13).
3. The solar power generation device of the new energy electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the distribution areas of the plurality of solar panels (21) comprise a roof, a front cabin cover, side walls and a rear wall of the new energy electric vehicle.
4. The solar power generation device of the new energy electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the high voltage module (3) comprises a power battery (31) and a power battery controller (35) electrically connected with the power battery (31), the power battery controller (35) is electrically connected with the vehicle controller (6), and the power battery (31), the high voltage load (32) of the new energy electric vehicle and the bidirectional DCDC converter (12) are electrically connected with each other in pairs.
5. The solar power generation device of the new energy electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the low voltage module (4) comprises a low voltage battery (41) and a low voltage battery controller (43) electrically connected with the low voltage battery (41), the low voltage battery controller (43) is connected with the vehicle control unit (6), and the low voltage battery (41), the low voltage load (42) of the new energy electric vehicle and the bidirectional DCDC converter (12) are electrically connected in pairs.
6. A control method of a power generating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising;
the charging controller (11) receives energy flow direction characteristic data collected by the vehicle control unit (6);
the charging controller (11) controls the energy flow direction among the photovoltaic module (2), the high-voltage module (3), the low-voltage module (4) and the power grid (5) through the bidirectional DCDC converter (12) according to the energy flow direction characteristic data.
7. The control method according to claim 6, wherein the energy flow process is divided into a charging mode and a non-charging mode;
the charging controller (11) judges whether any one of the following conditions is satisfied:
the photovoltaic module (2) performs photovoltaic power generation;
the OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger (14) is electrically connected with the power grid (5);
if so, entering a charging mode, otherwise, entering a non-charging mode.
8. The control method of claim 7, wherein said energy flow characteristic data comprises photovoltaic power P0Low voltage load power P1The current SOC of the low-voltage battery (41) and the current SOC of the power battery (31).
9. The control method of claim 8, wherein the charging mode comprises:
s11, the charging controller (11) judges whether P is satisfied0W is more than or equal to W or N is more than or equal to d, if yes, the bidirectional DCDC converter (12) is controlled to charge the low-voltage battery (41), and if not, the step S12 is executed;
wherein W is a set value, and N ═ P0-P1D is the allowable charging power of the low-voltage battery (41);
s12, the charging controller (11) judges whether the SOC of the power battery (31) is smaller than the SOC upper limit value of the power battery (31), if so, the bidirectional DCDC converter (12) is controlled to charge the power battery (31), otherwise, the step S13 is executed;
and S13, the charging controller (11) judges whether the OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger (14) is electrically connected with the power grid (5), if so, the bidirectional DCDC converter (12) is controlled to charge the power grid (5), and otherwise, the bidirectional DCDC converter (12) is controlled to stop working.
10. The control method of claim 8, wherein the non-charging mode comprises:
the charging controller (11) judges whether any one of the following conditions is satisfied:
P1> Y, N < 0, wherein N ═ P0-P1Y is a set value;
the current SOC of the low-voltage battery (41) is smaller than the lower limit value of the low-voltage battery (41);
and if so, controlling the bidirectional DCDC converter (12) to charge the power battery (31) to the low-voltage battery (41), otherwise, controlling the bidirectional DCDC converter (12) to stop working.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115503483A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-23 | 重庆金康赛力斯新能源汽车设计院有限公司 | Dual electricity supplementing method, device, equipment and medium for electric vehicle battery |
| WO2024066358A1 (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2024-04-04 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Energy replenishment system and energy replenishment method for vehicle, and vehicle |
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