CN114290909A - A new energy electric vehicle solar power generation device and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a new energy electric vehicle solar power generation device and a control method thereof. The device comprises a control module, a photovoltaic module, a high voltage module, a low voltage module and a vehicle controller arranged on the new energy electric vehicle; the control module includes a charging controller , bidirectional DCDC converter, voltage regulator circuit and OBC on-board bidirectional charger, charging controller, voltage regulator circuit and OBC on-board bidirectional charger are respectively electrically connected with bidirectional DCDC converter; photovoltaic module is electrically connected with voltage regulator circuit, high voltage The module and the low-voltage module are respectively electrically connected to the bidirectional DCDC converter. When the new energy electric vehicle is charged, the OBC on-board bidirectional charger is electrically connected to the power grid; the photovoltaic module, the high-voltage module and the low-voltage module are respectively electrically connected to the vehicle controller. Compared with the prior art, the present invention realizes energy interconnection among photovoltaic power generation, low-voltage battery, power battery and power grid, and maximizes the energy utilization rate of new energy vehicles.

Description

A new energy electric vehicle solar power generation device and control method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the field of new energy vehicle manufacturing, in particular to a new energy electric vehicle solar power generation device and a control method thereof.

Background technique

In recent years, electric vehicles have developed rapidly. The market share of electric vehicles in China exceeds 6%. Electric vehicles have an increasing demand for electricity. However, more than 60% of China's electricity comes from thermal power. Solve the energy source in the entire life cycle of electric vehicles. Solar energy is a high-quality and sustainable vehicle energy. The current industry technologies for solar power generation of new energy vehicles mainly include the following two methods:

Method 1: Design a small solar panel to supply power to the low-voltage air-conditioning system;

Method 2: Design a professional controller to charge the high-voltage battery.

For the first method, Chinese patent CN213799293U proposes an electric vehicle charging system that relies on solar power to generate electricity. As shown in Figure 1, a retractable solar panel 21 is installed on the roof of the vehicle, and the expansion and angle adjustment are controlled by the drive control module, and the voltage conversion of the vehicle is increased. The module controls the power supply to the power battery 31 and the 12V battery. The electric vehicle charging system needs to add a voltage control module and a drive control module, which increases the cost, increases the weight and affects the layout space in the vehicle. The system is bloated and occupies a large space; if the battery is parked for a long time, the battery cannot be recharged after it is fully charged, which will cause energy Waste, reduce the benefit of photovoltaic power generation system; in rainy days or weak light, photovoltaic power battery charging efficiency is low, some weak light can not be used; to charge 12V battery, ordinary car battery capacity is very small, it is easy to fill, and 12V The battery does not have the function of charging the power battery 31, resulting in photovoltaic waste;

For the second mode, Chinese patent CN112874311A proposes a system and method for solar energy to provide power and drive air conditioners for new energy vehicles. The solar panel 1 can be stretched as needed, and the solar panel 1 can generate electricity for the power battery 31 and the air conditioner battery. 7 Power supply, both the power battery 31 and the air conditioner battery 7 can supply power to the air conditioner. In this system, solar energy can only supply power to the air-conditioning system and power. The energy of the power battery 31 and the air-conditioning battery 3 cannot be converted into each other, and the energy utilization rate cannot be maximized; the power of the air-conditioning battery 3 cannot be used for other low-voltage components, and the utilization of photovoltaic energy is limited;

To sum up, the above two methods have the defects of complex system, high cost, low photovoltaic power generation efficiency and lack of industrialization base.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new energy electric vehicle solar power generation device and its control method in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, so as to realize the energy intercommunication between photovoltaic power generation, low-voltage battery, power battery and power grid, so that the new energy Maximize vehicle energy utilization.

The object of the present invention can be realized through the following technical solutions:

A new energy electric vehicle solar power generation device, comprising a control module, a photovoltaic module, a high voltage module, a low voltage module and a vehicle controller arranged on the new energy electric vehicle;

The control module includes a charging controller, a bidirectional DCDC converter, a voltage stabilizing circuit and an OBC on-board bidirectional charger for electrical connection with the power grid. The charging controller, the voltage stabilizing circuit and the OBC on-board bidirectional charger are respectively Electrically connected with the bidirectional DCDC converter;

The photovoltaic module is electrically connected to the voltage stabilizing circuit, and the high-voltage module and the low-voltage module are electrically connected to the bidirectional DCDC converter respectively;

The charging controller, the photovoltaic module, the high-voltage module and the low-voltage module are respectively electrically connected with the vehicle controller.

Further, the photovoltaic module includes several solar cell panels arranged on the outer surface of the new energy electric vehicle, and the solar cell panels are electrically connected to the voltage stabilizing circuit.

Further, the distribution areas of the several solar panels include the roof, the front cabin cover, the side wall and the rear wall of the new energy electric vehicle.

Further, the high-voltage module includes a power battery and a power battery controller electrically connected to the power battery, the power battery controller is electrically connected to the vehicle controller, the power battery, new energy electric vehicle The high-voltage load and the bidirectional DCDC converter are electrically connected to each other.

Further, the low-voltage module includes a low-voltage battery and a low-voltage battery controller electrically connected to the low-voltage battery, the low-voltage battery controller is connected to the vehicle controller, and the low-voltage battery and the low-voltage battery of the new energy electric vehicle are connected. The load and the bidirectional DCDC converter are electrically connected to each other.

A control method using the power generation device, comprising;

The charging controller receives the energy flow characteristic data collected by the vehicle controller;

The charging controller controls the energy flow between the photovoltaic module, the high-voltage module, the low-voltage module and the power grid through the bidirectional DCDC converter according to the characteristic data of the energy flow.

Further, the process of the energy flow is divided into a charging mode and a non-charging mode;

The charging controller. Judging whether any of the following conditions are met:

The photovoltaic module performs photovoltaic power generation;

The OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger is electrically connected to the power grid;

If so, enter the charging mode, otherwise enter the non-charging mode.

Further, the energy flow characteristic data includes photovoltaic power generation power P ₀ , low-voltage load power P ₁ , the current SOC of the low-voltage battery and the current SOC of the power battery.

Further, the charging mode includes:

S11. The charging controller judges whether P ₀ ≤W or N≤d is satisfied, and if so, controls the bidirectional DCDC converter to charge the low-voltage battery, otherwise, executes step S12;

Among them, W is the set value, N=P ₀ -P ₁ , and d is the allowable charging power of the low-voltage battery;

S12. The charging controller determines whether the SOC of the power battery is less than the upper limit of the SOC of the power battery, and if so, controls the bidirectional DCDC converter to charge the power battery, otherwise, executes step S13;

S13. The charging controller determines whether the OBC on-board bidirectional charger is electrically connected to the grid, and if so, controls the bidirectional DCDC converter to charge the grid, otherwise controls the bidirectional DCDC converter to stop working.

Further, the non-charging mode includes:

The charging controller determines whether any of the following conditions are met:

P ₁ >Y, N<0, where N=P ₀ -P ₁ , Y is the set value;

The current SOC of the low-voltage battery is less than the lower limit of the low-voltage battery;

If so, control the bidirectional DCDC converter to charge the power battery to the low-voltage battery, otherwise control the bidirectional DCDC converter to stop working.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The charging controller of the present invention controls the energy flow between the photovoltaic module, the high-voltage module, the low-voltage module and the power grid through the two-way DCDC converter according to the characteristic data of the energy flow. When the low-voltage battery and the power battery are fully charged, the two-way DCDC converter The photovoltaic power generation can be fed back to the grid through the OBC on-board two-way charger, or power supply to the home. When the vehicle is parked for a long time or the power battery is fully charged, the photovoltaic power can be converted into alternating current and flow to the grid or the user's home, and the electric vehicle can be used as a home. Backup power supply, when there is no light or the light is very weak, after the vehicle starts, the charging controller can transfer the power of the power battery to the low-voltage bus through the bidirectional DCDC converter for charging the low-voltage battery or supplying power to the low-voltage load to ensure the normal use of the vehicle. When the vehicle needs external charging, the charging controller is connected to the power grid through the AC bus, which can charge the vehicle, and the energy can flow to the power battery or the low-voltage battery. Through the control strategy, the present invention can realize photovoltaic power generation, low-voltage battery, power battery and Energy interconnection between power grids to maximize the energy utilization rate of new energy vehicles;

(2) The photovoltaic module of the present invention includes several solar cell panels arranged on the outer surface of the new energy electric vehicle, and the distribution area of the several solar cell panels includes the roof, the front cabin cover, the side wall and the rear wall of the new energy electric vehicle. Full-scene solar power generation, high energy utilization;

(3) The control module of the present invention integrates a charging controller, a two-way DCDC converter, a voltage regulator circuit and an OBC vehicle-mounted two-way charger, and the circuit is shared, which has a cost advantage over an independent charging controller.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a structural diagram of an electric vehicle charging system using a small solar panel to supply power to a low-voltage air-conditioning system;

Figure 2 is a front view of a new energy vehicle that uses a professional controller to charge a high-voltage battery;

Figure 3 is a top view of a new energy vehicle that uses a professional controller to charge a high-voltage battery;

4 is a structural block diagram of the solar power generation device proposed by the present invention;

Description of the labels in the figure:

1. Control module, 2. Photovoltaic module, 3. High voltage module, 4. Low voltage module, 5. Power grid, 6. Vehicle controller, 7. Air conditioning battery, 11. Charge controller, 12. Bidirectional DCDC converter, 13 .Regulator circuit, 14.OBC car bidirectional charger, 21.Solar panel, 31.Power battery, 32.High voltage load, 35.Power battery controller, 41.Low voltage battery, 42.Low voltage load, 43.Low voltage battery controller.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

Example 1

A new energy electric vehicle solar power generation device, as shown in Figure 4, includes a control module 1, a photovoltaic module 2, a high voltage module 3, a low voltage module 4 and a vehicle controller 6 arranged on the new energy electric vehicle;

The control module 1 includes a charging controller 11 , a bidirectional DCDC converter 12 , a voltage regulator circuit 13 and an OBC on-board bidirectional charger 14 . electrical connection;

The photovoltaic module 2 is electrically connected to the voltage regulator circuit 13, the high-voltage module 3 and the low-voltage module 4 are electrically connected to the bidirectional DCDC converter 12, respectively. When the new energy electric vehicle is charged, the OBC on-board bidirectional charger 14 is electrically connected to the power grid 5. The photovoltaic module 2 , the high-voltage module 3 and the low-voltage module 4 are respectively electrically connected to the vehicle controller 6 .

The photovoltaic module 2 includes several solar panels 21 arranged on the outer surface of the new energy electric vehicle. The solar panels 21 are electrically connected to the voltage regulator circuit 13 through the photovoltaic bus, and the distribution area of the several solar panels 21 includes the parts of the new energy electric vehicle. The roof, front cabin cover, side wall and rear wall realize full-scenario solar power generation with high energy utilization.

The high-voltage module 3 includes a power battery 31 and a power battery controller 35. The power battery controller 35 is electrically connected to the power battery 31 through a hard wire. The power battery controller 35 is used to calculate the current SOC of the power battery 31 and upload it to the vehicle The controller 6, the power battery controller 35 are electrically connected to the vehicle controller 6, and the power battery 31, the high voltage load 32 of the new energy electric vehicle and the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 are electrically connected to each other through the high voltage bus.

The low-voltage module 4 includes a low-voltage battery 41 and a low-voltage battery controller 43. The low-voltage battery controller 43 is connected to the low-voltage battery 41 through a hard wire. The low-voltage battery controller 43 is used to calculate the current SOC of the low-voltage battery 41 and upload it to the vehicle controller 6. The low-voltage battery controller 43 is connected to the vehicle controller 6 through the CAN bus. The low-voltage battery 41, the low-voltage load 42 of the new energy electric vehicle and the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 are electrically connected to each other through the low-voltage bus.

The charging controller 11 collects the photovoltaic input voltage and current in real time, and calculates the photovoltaic power generation P ₀ .

Example 2

A control method using the power generation device described in Embodiment 1, comprising;

The charging controller 11 receives the energy flow characteristic data collected by the vehicle controller 6, and the energy flow characteristic data includes the photovoltaic power P ₀ , the low-voltage load power P ₁ , the current SOC of the low-voltage battery 41 and the current SOC of the power battery 31 ;

The charging controller 11 controls the energy flow between the photovoltaic module 2 , the high voltage module 3 , the low voltage module 4 and the power grid 5 through the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 according to the energy flow characteristic data.

The process of energy flow is divided into charging mode and non-charging mode;

Charge controller 11. Determine whether any of the following conditions are met:

The photovoltaic module 2 performs photovoltaic power generation;

The OBC on-board bidirectional charger 14 is electrically connected to the power grid 5;

If so, enter the charging mode, otherwise enter the non-charging mode.

Charging modes include:

S11. The charging controller 11 judges whether P ₀ ≤W or N≤d is satisfied, and if so, controls the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 to charge the low-voltage battery 41 , otherwise, executes step S12;

Wherein, W is the set value, N=P ₀ -P ₁ , and d is the allowable charging power of the low-voltage battery 41 ;

S12, the charging controller 11 determines whether the SOC of the power battery 31 is less than the SOC upper limit of the power battery 31, and if so, controls the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 to charge the power battery 31, otherwise, executes step S13;

S13. The charging controller 11 determines whether the OBC on-board bidirectional charger 14 is electrically connected to the grid 5, and if so, controls the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 to charge the grid 5, otherwise controls the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 to stop working.

Non-charging modes include:

The charging controller 11 determines whether any of the following conditions are met:

P ₁ >Y, N<0, where N=P ₀ -P ₁ , Y is the set value;

The current SOC of the low-voltage battery 41 is less than the lower limit value of the low-voltage battery 41;

If so, the power battery 31 is charged to the low-voltage battery 41 by controlling the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 , otherwise, the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 is controlled to stop working.

The control method proposed in this embodiment can achieve the following effects:

1) When both the low-voltage battery 41 and the power battery 31 are fully charged, the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 can feed back the photovoltaic power generation to the grid 5 through the OBC on-board bidirectional charger 14, or supply power to the home. When the vehicle is parked for a long time or the power battery is fully charged, Photovoltaic power can be converted into alternating current and flow to the grid or user's home, and electric vehicles can be used as home backup power.

2) When there is no light or the light is very weak, after the vehicle is started, the charging controller 11 can transfer the power of the power battery 31 to the low-voltage bus through the bidirectional DCDC converter 12 for charging the low-voltage battery 41 or supplying power to the low-voltage load 43 to ensure the vehicle is in normal use;

3) When the vehicle needs to be externally charged, the charging controller 11 is connected to the power grid 5 through the AC bus, which can charge the vehicle, and the energy can flow to the power battery 31 or the low-voltage battery 41 .

Embodiments 1 and 2 propose a new energy electric vehicle solar power generation device and a control method thereof. Through the control strategy, the energy interconnection between photovoltaic power generation, low-voltage battery 41, power battery 31 and the power grid is realized, so that the new energy vehicle can be connected. Energy utilization is maximized.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes according to the concept of the present invention without creative efforts. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art according to the concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A solar power generation device for a new energy electric vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a control module (1), a photovoltaic module (2), a high voltage module (3), a low voltage module (4) and a complete set on the new energy electric vehicle. car controller (6); The control module (1) includes a charging controller (11), a bidirectional DCDC converter (12), a voltage regulator circuit (13) and an OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger (14) for electrical connection with a power grid (5) , the charging controller (11), the voltage regulator circuit (13) and the OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger (14) are respectively electrically connected to the bidirectional DCDC converter (12); The photovoltaic module (2) is electrically connected to the voltage stabilization circuit (13), and the high-voltage module (3) and the low-voltage module (4) are electrically connected to the bidirectional DCDC converter (12) respectively; The charging controller (11), the photovoltaic module (2), the high-voltage module (3) and the low-voltage module (4) are respectively electrically connected with the vehicle controller (6). 2. A new energy electric vehicle solar power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic module (2) comprises several solar cell panels (21) arranged on the outer surface of the new energy electric vehicle, The solar cell panel (21) is electrically connected with the voltage regulator circuit (13). 3. The solar power generation device for a new energy electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, the distribution area of the several solar panels (21) comprises the roof, the front cabin cover, the side of the new energy electric vehicle perimeter and rear perimeter. 4. A new energy electric vehicle solar power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the high voltage module (3) comprises a power battery (31) and a power battery electrically connected to the power battery (31) A controller (35), the power battery controller (35) is electrically connected with the vehicle controller (6), the power battery (31), the high-voltage load (32) of the new energy electric vehicle and the bidirectional DCDC The converters (12) are electrically connected to each other. 5. A new energy electric vehicle solar power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the low-voltage module (4) comprises a low-voltage battery (41) and a low-voltage battery electrically connected to the low-voltage battery (41). A controller (43), the low-voltage battery controller (43) is connected to the vehicle controller (6), the low-voltage battery (41), the low-voltage load (42) of the new energy electric vehicle and the bidirectional DCDC converter (12) They are electrically connected to each other. 6. A control method for a power generation device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, comprising: The charging controller (11) receives energy flow characteristic data collected by the vehicle controller (6); The charging controller (11) controls the energy between the photovoltaic module (2), the high-voltage module (3), the low-voltage module (4) and the power grid (5) through the bidirectional DCDC converter (12) according to the energy flow characteristic data flow. 7. The control method according to claim 6, wherein the process of the energy flow is divided into a charging mode and a non-charging mode; The charging controller (11) judges whether any of the following conditions are met: The photovoltaic module (2) performs photovoltaic power generation; The OBC vehicle-mounted bidirectional charger (14) is electrically connected to the power grid (5); If so, enter the charging mode, otherwise enter the non-charging mode. 8 . The control method according to claim 7 , wherein the energy flow characteristic data comprises photovoltaic power P ₀ , low-voltage load power P ₁ , the current SOC of the low-voltage battery (41) and the power battery (31) 8 . the current SOC. 9. The control method according to claim 8, wherein the charging mode comprises: S11. The charging controller (11) judges whether P ₀ ≤W or N≤d is satisfied, and if so, controls the bidirectional DCDC converter (12) to charge the low-voltage battery (41), otherwise, executes step S12; Wherein, W is the set value, N=P ₀ -P ₁ , and d is the allowable charging power of the low-voltage battery (41); S12. The charging controller (11) judges whether the SOC of the power battery (31) is less than the upper limit of the SOC of the power battery (31), and if so, controls the bidirectional DCDC converter (12) to charge the power battery (31), Otherwise, go to step S13; S13. The charging controller (11) judges whether the OBC on-board bidirectional charger (14) is electrically connected to the power grid (5), and if so, controls the bidirectional DCDC converter (12) to charge the power grid (5), otherwise controls the bidirectional power grid (5). The DCDC converter (12) stops working. 10. The control method according to claim 8, wherein the non-charging mode comprises: The charging controller (11) judges whether any of the following conditions are met: P ₁ >Y, N<0, where N=P ₀ -P ₁ , Y is the set value; The current SOC of the low-voltage battery (41) is less than the lower limit value of the low-voltage battery (41); If so, the power battery (31) is charged to the low-voltage battery (41) by controlling the bidirectional DCDC converter (12), otherwise the bidirectional DCDC converter (12) is controlled to stop working.

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