CN114289724A - Post-treatment method for gas atomized metal powder - Google Patents
Post-treatment method for gas atomized metal powder Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of post-treatment of metal powder for additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a post-treatment method of gas atomization metal powder. The post-processing method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: sieving the gas atomized metal powder, and removing coarse powder to obtain undersize; carrying out grading crushing on the undersize, and removing fine powder to obtain finished powder; the aperture of the screened screen is 2-6 μm smaller than the D90 particle size value of the finished powder; the particle size of the fine powder is lower than the particle size value of the finished powder D10. The aperture of the screened screen is set to be 2-6 μm smaller than the D90 particle size value of the finished powder, so that the problem that the D90 particle size value of the finished powder exceeds the process requirement value due to the fact that part of coarse particle metal powder passes through the screen due to deformation of the screen in the actual use process is avoided. In addition, the classification process is broken to break up the satellite powder, so that the quantity of the satellite powder is reduced, and the flowability of the finished product powder is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of post-treatment of metal powder for additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a post-treatment method of gas atomization metal powder.
Background
At present, the metal additive manufacturing technology is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, biomedical, war industry, automobiles, consumer electronics, tool molds and the like, and gradually shows the specific technical advantages. The properties of the metal powder will directly determine the performance properties of the additive manufactured part, and the metal powder used in the additive manufacturing technology should have the following properties: good sphericity and surface quality, as little satellite powder as possible, narrow and uniform particle size distribution, good flowability, and high apparent density.
The gas atomization method is one of the industrial metal powder preparation methods which are low in cost, high in efficiency and wide in application, but the metal powder prepared by the method is wide in particle size distribution range, the fine and coarse metal powder cannot meet the particle size requirement of additive manufacturing, the gas atomized metal powder needs to be screened and classified, and only the powder in the middle section of the particle size distribution can meet the requirement of additive manufacturing. In addition, limited by the principle and equipment level of the gas atomization powder, a certain amount of satellite powder inevitably exists in the gas atomization metal powder, and the existence of the satellite powder influences the flowability of the powder, further influences the powder laying effect in the additive manufacturing process and influences the service performance of a final product.
At present, the post-treatment method of the gas atomization metal powder mainly comprises the steps of firstly screening and then carrying out airflow classification on the metal powder obtained by screening. Wherein, the screening comprises an ultrasonic rotary vibration screen and an ultrasonic swing screen. But the obtained undersize particle size inevitably becomes coarse under the condition of ensuring the oversize material screening rate of the ultrasonic rotary vibration sieve or the oscillating sieve. In addition, when the undersize product is transferred to airflow classification for treatment, the undersize product is easy to absorb moisture to cause powder agglomeration, and satellite powder is inevitably generated, but the airflow classification process in the prior art cannot reduce the quantity of the satellite powder, so that the flowability of the finished product powder is poor, and the service performance of the finished product powder is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a post-treatment method for gas-atomized metal powder, which can accurately control the particle size distribution of the finished powder, reduce the amount of satellite powder, and improve the flowability of the finished powder.
The invention provides a post-treatment method of gas atomized metal powder, which comprises the following steps:
sieving the gas atomized metal powder, and removing coarse powder to obtain undersize;
carrying out grading crushing on the undersize, and removing fine powder to obtain finished powder;
the aperture of the screened screen is 2-6 μm smaller than the D90 particle size value of the finished powder;
the D10 particle size value of the coarse powder is higher than the D90 particle size value of the finished powder;
the D90 particle size value of the fine powder is lower than the D10 particle size value of the finished powder.
Preferably, the particle size distribution of the gas atomization metal powder is 0.1-150 mu m.
Preferably, the D90 particle size value of the finished powder is 50-56 μm.
Preferably, the D10 particle size value of the finished powder is 12-23 μm.
Preferably, the staged crushing comprises air-stream staged crushing; the gas pressure of the airflow stage crushing is 0.15-0.3 MPa.
Preferably, the classification frequency of the airflow classification crushing is 6-12 Hz.
Preferably, the sampling frequency of the airflow stage crushing is 8-12 Hz.
Preferably, the time of the airflow stage crushing is 15-30 min.
Preferably, the aerosolized metal powder includes an inactive metal powder or an active metal powder.
Preferably, when the metal powder is an inert metal powder, the classifying gas is nitrogen; when the metal powder is active metal powder, the graded and broken gas is argon.
The invention provides a post-treatment method of gas atomized metal powder, which comprises the following steps: sieving the gas atomized metal powder, and removing coarse powder to obtain undersize; carrying out grading crushing on the undersize, and removing fine powder to obtain finished powder; the aperture of the screened screen is 2-6 μm smaller than the D90 particle size value of the finished powder; the D10 particle size value of the coarse powder is higher than the D90 particle size value of the finished powder; the D90 particle size value of the fine powder is lower than the D10 particle size value of the finished powder. The aperture of the screened screen is set to be 2-6 μm smaller than the D90 particle size value of the finished powder, so that the problem that the D90 particle size value of the finished powder exceeds the process requirement value due to the fact that part of coarse particle metal powder passes through the screen due to deformation of the screen in the actual use process is solved. The invention considers the situation that part of coarse metal powder passes through the screen due to screen deformation in the actual use process, and ensures the particle size requirement of the required finished powder D90 by controlling the aperture of the screen. In addition, the classification process is broken to break up the satellite powder, so that the quantity of the satellite powder is reduced, and the flowability of the finished product powder is improved.
In addition, the post-treatment method can accurately control the particle size distribution of the finished powder, has higher yield of the finished powder, improves the material utilization rate, can reduce the satellite powder ratio while adjusting the particle size distribution of the finished powder, improves the flowability of the powder and improves the powder quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the post-treatment process of the gas atomized metal powder of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a post-treatment method of gas atomized metal powder, which comprises the following steps:
sieving the gas atomized metal powder, and removing coarse powder to obtain undersize;
carrying out grading crushing on the undersize, and removing fine powder to obtain finished powder;
the aperture of the screened screen is 2-6 μm smaller than the D90 particle size value of the finished powder;
the D10 particle size value of the coarse powder is higher than the D90 particle size value of the finished powder;
the D90 particle size value of the fine powder is lower than the D10 particle size value of the finished powder.
In the present invention, the starting materials used in the present invention are preferably commercially available products unless otherwise specified.
The method comprises the steps of screening the gas atomized metal powder, removing coarse powder and obtaining undersize products.
In the present invention, the gas atomized metal powder preferably includes an inactive metal powder or an active metal powder; the inactive metal powder preferably comprises iron-based superalloy powder, nickel-based superalloy powder or cobalt-based superalloy powder or stainless steel metal powder; the active powder preferably comprises an aluminum alloy powder or a titanium alloy powder.
In the invention, the D90 particle size value of the finished powder is preferably 50-56 μm, and more preferably 52-54 μm. The D10 particle size value of the finished powder is preferably 12-23 μm, and is further preferably 15-23 μm.
In the present invention, the sieving is preferably carried out in an ultrasonic vibration rocking sieve. The aperture of the screened screen is 2-6 μm smaller than the D90 particle size of the finished powder, the condition that part of coarse-particle metal powder passes through the screen due to screen deformation in the actual use process is considered, and the particle size of the required finished powder D90 meets the requirement by controlling the aperture of the screen.
In the present invention, after the sieving, it is preferable to also obtain coarse powder, i.e., oversize; the mass content of the residual finished powder in the obtained coarse powder is less than 5 percent.
After the undersize product is obtained, the undersize product is subjected to graded crushing, and fine powder is removed to obtain finished product powder.
In the invention, the staged crushing is preferably airflow staged crushing; the airflow classification crushing comprises airflow classification and crushing; the air classification and the crushing are carried out simultaneously. In the invention, when the gas atomization metal powder is inactive metal powder, the gas obtained by gas flow classification crushing is nitrogen; and when the gas atomization metal powder is active metal powder, the gas for gas flow classification is argon.
In the present invention, the gas pressure of the gas flow classification crushing is preferably 0.15 to 0.3MPa, and more preferably 0.2 to 0.25 MPa. In the present invention, setting the gas pressure of the air classification to the above parameters helps to thoroughly break up the hygienic powder while improving the sphericity of the finished powder.
In the invention, the classification frequency of the airflow classification crushing is 6-12 Hz, and more preferably 8-12 Hz. In the invention, the feeding frequency of the airflow classification crushing is 8-12 Hz, and the preferable frequency is 10 Hz. In the invention, the air flow stage crushing time is preferably 15-30 min, and more preferably 15-20 min.
In the present invention, the air classification crushing is preferably performed in an air classifier, and a crushing device is provided in the air classification. In the embodiment of the invention, the airflow classification crushing is carried out in a batch processing mode, and the mass of the undersize materials fed into the airflow classifier once is 15-30 kg.
According to the invention, the grading crushing can be used for grading most of superfine metal powder, and scattering satellite powder, so that the quantity of the satellite powder in the finished product powder is reduced.
In the invention, after the airflow is subjected to classification crushing, fine powder is preferably obtained, and the particle size of the D90 particle size is lower than that of the D10 particle size of finished powder.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the post-treatment process of the gas atomized metal powder of the present invention, and as can be seen from fig. 1, the gas atomized metal powder is sieved to remove coarse powder and obtain undersize, and the undersize is classified and crushed to remove fine powder and obtain finished powder.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Sieving gas atomized GH4169 high-temperature alloy powder with the particle size of 5-150 mu m in an ultrasonic vibration swing sieve to obtain undersize products and coarse powder, wherein the particle size of the finished product is 15-53 mu m;
observing the shape of the undersize by using an optical microscope, and counting that the mass percentage of the satellite powder is 4.93%; the coarse powder is tested by a laser particle sizer for coarse powder particle size distribution, wherein the content of residual finished powder is 4.5%.
20kg of the undersize was subjected to air classification crushing to obtain 16.04kg of metal powder. The gas for the gas flow grading crushing is nitrogen, the gas pressure is 0.2MPa, the gas flow grading crushing time is 20min, the sample introduction frequency is 10Hz, and the gas flow grading frequency is 10 Hz.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 only in that the mesh size is 50 μm.
Example 3
The present example differs from example 1 only in that the gas pressure for the staged breaking of the gas stream is 0.15 MPa.
Example 4
The present example differs from example 1 only in that the gas pressure for the staged breaking of the gas stream is 0.3 MPa.
Example 5
This example differs from example 1 only in that the feed frequency for the gas stream size reduction was 12 Hz.
Example 6
This example differs from example 1 only in that the time for the disruption was 15 min.
Example 7
This example differs from example 1 only in that the time for the disruption was 25 min.
Example 8
This example differs from example 1 only in that the classification frequency of the classification crushing is 8 Hz.
Example 9
This example differs from example 1 only in that the classification frequency of the classification crushing is 12 Hz.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 only in that the mesh size is 45 μm.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 1 only in that the mesh size is 53 μm.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example differs from example 1 only in that the gas pressure for the gas stream staged breaking is 0.4 MPa.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example differs from example 1 only in that the gas pressure for the gas stream staged comminution is 0.1 MPa.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example differs from example 1 only in that the classifying frequency of the classifying crushing is 5 Hz.
Comparative example 6
The comparative example differs from example 1 only in that the classifying frequency of the classifying crushing is 13 Hz.
The invention also detects the granularity, the satellite powder mass ratio, the fluidity (Hall flow rate) and the sphericity of the finished powder prepared in the embodiments 1-9 and the comparative examples 1-6, and the detection results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 test results of examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 6
As can be seen from the test results in Table 1, examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 2 show that: the larger the aperture of the screen mesh is, the coarser the granularity of the finished powder is, and the smaller the aperture of the screen mesh is, the finer the granularity of the finished powder is, but the more the content of the finished powder remaining in the coarse powder is. From examples 1, 3 to 4 and comparative examples 3 to 4, it can be seen that: the larger the gas pressure is, the more obvious the scattering effect on the satellite powder is, the less the content of the satellite powder in the finished product powder is, but the larger the pressure is, the powder particles are deformed, and the sphericity is poor. When the pressure is lower than 0.15MPa, the scattering effect on the satellite powder is not obvious, and when the pressure is higher than 0.3MPa, the sphericity is obviously deteriorated. The data of the embodiment 1 and the embodiments 6 to 7 show that the crushing time is prolonged, the particle size of the finished product is slightly coarsened, but the overall change range is small. The data for examples 1, 7-8, and 6-7 show that: the smaller the grading frequency is, the coarser the granularity of the finished powder can be adjusted according to the granularity requirement of the finished powder, and the grading frequency has a large influence on the granularity value of D10 and a small influence on the granularity value of D90.
It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for post-treatment of aerosolized metal powder comprising the steps of:
sieving the gas atomized metal powder, and removing coarse powder to obtain undersize;
carrying out grading crushing on the undersize, and removing fine powder to obtain finished powder;
the aperture of the screened screen is 2-6 μm smaller than the D90 particle size value of the finished powder;
the D10 particle size value of the coarse powder is higher than the D90 particle size value of the finished powder;
the D90 particle size value of the fine powder is lower than the D10 particle size value of the finished powder.
2. The post-treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the particle size distribution of the gas atomized metal powder is 0.1 to 150 μm.
3. The post-treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the D90 particle size value of the finished powder is 50-56 μm.
4. The post-treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the D10 particle size value of the finished powder is 12-23 μm.
5. The aftertreatment method of claim 1, wherein the staged crushing comprises air-stream staged crushing; the gas pressure of the airflow stage crushing is 0.15-0.3 MPa.
6. The post-treatment method according to claim 5, wherein the classifying frequency of the airflow classifying crushing is 6-12 Hz.
7. The post-treatment method according to claim 5, wherein the sampling frequency of the airflow stage crushing is 8-12 Hz.
8. The post-treatment method according to claim 5, wherein the time for the air flow classification is 15-30 min.
9. The post-treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the atomized metal powder comprises an inert metal powder or an active metal powder.
10. The post-treatment method according to claim 9, wherein when the metal powder is an inactive metal powder, the classifying gas is nitrogen gas; when the metal powder is active metal powder, the graded and broken gas is argon.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN114632703A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-06-17 | 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 | Device and method for removing satellite powder in metal powder prepared by gas atomization method |
| CN115007850A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-09-06 | 北京科技大学 | 3D printing powder oxygen reduction method |
| CN116765426A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-09-19 | 浙江拓博环保科技有限公司 | 3D printing metal powder screening method and system |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115007850A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-09-06 | 北京科技大学 | 3D printing powder oxygen reduction method |
| CN114632703A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-06-17 | 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 | Device and method for removing satellite powder in metal powder prepared by gas atomization method |
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| CN116765426B (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-11-24 | 浙江拓博环保科技有限公司 | 3D printing metal powder screening method and system |
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