CN114289711B - Preparation method and preparation system of graphene coated metal material - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and a preparation system of a graphene-coated metal material, which relate to the technical field of graphene-coated metals and comprise the following steps: (1) Connecting a metal electrode with the anode end of the spark hybrid ablation device, and connecting a graphite electrode with the cathode end of the spark hybrid ablation device; (2) Introducing gas into a spark mixed ablation device, starting the spark mixed ablation device, and performing spark ablation reaction on a metal electrode and a graphite electrode to respectively form nano metal particles and graphene sheets; (3) And the graphene sheet and the nano metal particles are subjected to gas mixing collision, so that the graphene sheet is coated on the surfaces of the nano metal particles, and the graphene coated metal material is formed. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of low preparation difficulty, no introduction of impurities or harmful substances, and the prepared graphene-coated metal material has controllable particle size and high purity, and solves the problems of high preparation difficulty and easy introduction of metal impurities or harmful substances in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of graphene coated metal, in particular to a preparation method and a preparation system of a graphene coated metal material.
Background
Graphene is a material composed of SP 2 A honeycomb crystal structure formed by closely arranging hybridized carbon atoms,and only one atomic scale single-layer graphite film is the thinnest two-dimensional film found at present. Graphene has many very excellent characteristics due to its stable structure, namely, has excellent conductivity, has higher electron mobility than both carbon nanotubes and silicon crystals, is 100 times that of silicon, and has much lower resistivity than metal materials such as aluminum, copper, silver and the like; secondly, the heat conductivity of the material is tens of times of that of metal materials such as copper, silver, gold and the like; and thirdly, the mechanical property is excellent, the hardness is higher than that of diamond, and the strength is higher than that of high-quality steel by more than 100 times. The characteristics make the graphene an ideal reinforcement of the coated metal material, and the prior experiments prove that the graphene coated metal material can improve the oxidation resistance, the mechanical property, the electric conduction and heat conduction properties and the like of the metal material.
The current methods for preparing graphene coated metal mainly comprise a chemical vapor deposition method, an electrodeposition method and an electroless plating method. The chemical vapor deposition method is to take a hydro-carbon compound as a gaseous carbon source of graphene, place metal to be coated in a quartz boat to be heated, and simultaneously prepare graphene coated metal particles with controllable thickness by controlling the temperature of a reaction chamber and the flow of the gaseous carbon source under a protective atmosphere, wherein the metal of the method needs to be prepared in advance or a metal matrix is heated and separated out in the reaction chamber, and the chemical vapor deposition method is very harsh to raw materials, equipment, reaction temperature and reaction types; the electro-deposition method ionizes the preplating metal ions and graphene oxide by direct current so as to separate out the metal to be coated and the graphene at the cathode, and has simple process, low cost and high efficiency, but the prepared graphene coated metal material has poor uniformity, and metal impurities are easy to introduce to influence the performance. The chemical plating method is to reduce metal ions in the solution on the surface of a graphene substrate by using a reducing agent, and then wash and dry the graphene to obtain graphene coated metal particles.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the background technology, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a graphene-coated metal material, which has the advantages of low preparation difficulty, no introduction of impurities or harmful substances, and the prepared graphene-coated metal material has controllable particle size and high purity, and solves the problems of high preparation difficulty and easy introduction of metal impurities or harmful substances in the existing preparation method of the graphene-coated metal material.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a preparation system of graphene-coated metal material, which has the advantages of low preparation difficulty and easy realization of mass production.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the graphene-coated metal material comprises the following steps:
(1) Connecting a metal electrode with the anode end of the spark hybrid ablation device, and connecting a graphite electrode with the cathode end of the spark hybrid ablation device;
(2) Introducing gas into a spark mixed ablation device, starting the spark mixed ablation device, and performing spark ablation reaction on a metal electrode and a graphite electrode to respectively form nano metal particles and graphene sheets;
(3) And the graphene sheet and the nano metal particles are subjected to gas mixing collision, so that the graphene sheet is coated on the surfaces of the nano metal particles, and a graphene coated metal material is formed.
Further, the voltage of the spark mixed ablation device is 0.7-1.0 kV, and the current is 7.5-9 mA.
Further, the gap between the metal electrode and the graphite electrode is 0.9-1.2 mm.
Further, in the step (2), the pressure of the gas introduced into the spark-mixed ablation device is 1bar to 5bar, and the flow rate is 0.5L/min to 5L/min.
Further, the metal electrode is made of any one or a combination of more than one of gold, silver, copper, iron, aluminum, magnesium, potassium, palladium, nickel, tin and cobalt.
Further, in the step (2), the gas is an inert gas; or, the gas consists of 95-99% of inert gas and 1-5% of reducing gas by mole percent;
the inert gas is any one of nitrogen, argon and helium;
the reducing gas is any one of hydrogen, formaldehyde and carbon monoxide.
Further, in the step (1), the graphite electrode is any one of natural graphite, artificial graphite, bulk graphite and aphanitic graphite.
The preparation system of the graphene-coated metal material is applied to the preparation method of the graphene-coated metal material, and comprises an air source device, an air inlet pipeline, a spark mixing ablation device, an air outlet pipeline and a collecting device which are sequentially communicated;
the anode end of the spark mixing ablation device is connected with a metal electrode, the cathode end of the spark mixing ablation device is connected with a graphite electrode, the metal electrode and the graphite electrode are arranged up and down oppositely, the air inlet pipeline and the air outlet pipeline are arranged on the same horizontal line, and the axis where the air inlet pipeline and the air outlet pipeline are located passes through a gap between the metal electrode and the graphite electrode.
Further, the air inlet pipeline is provided with a pressure control valve, and the air outlet pipeline is provided with a flow control valve.
The technical scheme has the following beneficial effects: according to the technical scheme, the metal electrode is connected with the anode end of the spark hybrid ablation device, the graphite electrode is connected with the cathode end of the spark hybrid ablation device, the preparation of different types of graphene coated metal materials is realized by changing the types of the materials of the metal electrode, the whole preparation process is simple, efficient, continuous and stable, the preparation type is flexible, the preparation difficulty of the graphene coated metal materials is greatly reduced, large-scale production is easy to realize, compared with the graphene coated metal materials prepared by a chemical method, the particle size of the graphene coated metal particles prepared by the technical scheme is controllable, the particle size distribution is narrow, the preparation process is simple and efficient, the collection rate is high, and the influence of harmful substances such as organic solvents or inorganic salts on the environment and the performance of the graphene coated metal materials are avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preparation system of a graphene-coated metal material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a preparation method of a graphene-coated metal material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein: the device comprises an air source device 1, an air inlet pipeline 2, a spark mixing ablation device 3, an air outlet pipeline 4 and a collecting device 5.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
The preparation method of the graphene-coated metal material comprises the following steps:
(1) Connecting a metal electrode with the anode end of the spark hybrid ablation device, and connecting a graphite electrode with the cathode end of the spark hybrid ablation device;
(2) Introducing gas into a spark mixed ablation device, starting the spark mixed ablation device, and performing spark ablation reaction on a metal electrode and a graphite electrode to respectively form nano metal particles and graphene sheets;
(3) And the graphene sheet and the nano metal particles are subjected to gas mixing collision, so that the graphene sheet is coated on the surfaces of the nano metal particles, and the graphene coated metal material is formed.
According to the technical scheme, in order to solve the problems, a graphite electrode is arranged at a cathode of a spark mixed ablation device, a required metal electrode is arranged at an anode, the pressure and flow of gas are regulated, the current, the voltage and the gap between electrodes of the spark ablation device are regulated, then the spark ablation device is started, spark ablation reaction occurs when the voltages at two ends of the metal electrode and the graphite electrode reach breakdown voltage (0.7-1.0 kV), single-layer or multi-layer graphene sheets with high yield and surface area reaching 70-100 square nanometers are generated after the graphite of the cathode is ablated, nano metal particles are generated after the metal electrode of the anode is ablated, the graphene sheets and the nano metal particles are rapidly close to the center of the electrode gap under the bombardment effect of plasma, and the graphene sheets and the nano metal particles are mutually attracted through the mixed collision of gas.
Specifically, the controllable preparation of the graphene coated metal particles can be realized by adjusting the coupling parameters of the distance between the metal electrode and the graphite electrode, the current and the voltage of the spark mixed ablation device, the gas pressure and the gas flow of the gas, so that the particle size of the prepared graphene coated metal particles is controllable, and the related formulas are as follows:
f＝I/C 0 V d (I is current, f is spark discharge frequency);
Further described, the spark erosion reaction is that when the voltage of the two electrodes reaches the breakdown voltage, electrons continuously collide with gas to ionize gas molecules until the gas is broken down to form pulse spark discharge, and the local high temperature generated by the spark ablates and gasifies the target material, so that vapor plumes are generated on the surfaces of the electrodes, and the vapor plumes grow to form nano particles through nucleation in a short time. According to the technical scheme, the cathode of the spark mixed ablation device is connected with the graphite electrode, the anode of the spark mixed ablation device is connected with the metal electrode, after the spark mixed ablation device is started, spark discharge bombards the surfaces of the graphite electrode and the metal electrode, so that different vapor plumes are respectively generated on the surfaces of the graphite electrode and the metal electrode, and the vapor plumes grow up through nucleation in a short time, so that graphene sheets are formed on the cathode, and nano metal particles are formed on the anode.
The preparation method of the graphene-coated metal material is characterized in that a graphite electrode is arranged on a cathode, the preparation of different types of graphene-coated metal materials is realized by changing the types of the metal electrodes of an anode, the whole preparation process is simple, efficient, continuous and stable, the preparation types are flexible, the preparation difficulty of the graphene-coated metal material is greatly reduced, large-scale production is easy to realize, compared with the graphene-coated metal material prepared by a chemical method, the particle size of the graphene-coated metal particles prepared by the technical scheme is controllable, the particle size distribution is narrow, the preparation process is simple and efficient, the collection rate is high, and the influence of harmful substances such as organic solvents or inorganic salts on the environment and the performance of the graphene-coated metal material are avoided.
Specifically, the spark mixed ablation device in the technical scheme is purchased for Yu Shiwei Rockwell and is of the model VSP-G1.
Further, the voltage of the spark hybrid ablation device is 0.7-1.0 kV, and the current is 7.5-9 mA.
Further, the gap between the metal electrode and the graphite electrode is 0.9 to 1.2mm.
It is worth to say that by setting the voltage of the spark hybrid ablation device to 0.7-1.0 kV, the current to 7.5-9 mA, and the gap between the metal electrode and the graphite electrode to 0.9-1.2 mm, the particle size of the produced nano metal particles is only 3-8 nanometers, and a single-layer or multi-layer graphene sheet with the surface area reaching 70-100 square nanometers is obtained, and the thickness of the graphene sheet is extremely thin and negligible, so that the particle size of the prepared graphene-coated metal material is also 3-8 nanometers.
Further, in the case that the electrode gap is 0.9-1.2 mm, the graphene sheets and the nano metal particles are more easily mixed and collided, so that the graphene sheets are coated on the surfaces of the nano metal particles. If the gap between the metal electrode and the graphite electrode is too large, the graphene sheet and the nano metal particles are easy to diffuse, so that the graphene sheet and the nano metal particles are difficult to mix and collide, and the collection rate of the formed graphene coated metal material is low; if the gap between the metal electrode and the graphite electrode is too small, a plurality of graphene sheets and a plurality of nano metal particles are easily adhered together, and the performance of the prepared graphene coated metal material can be affected.
Further, in the step (2), the pressure of the gas introduced into the spark-mix ablation device is 1bar to 5bar, and the flow rate is 0.5L/min to 5L/min.
When the pressure and flow of the gas are in the range, the graphene sheet can be effectively collided and mixed with the nano metal particles, so that the graphene sheet is coated on the surfaces of the nano metal particles, and if the flow rate of the gas is too high, the coating efficiency can be greatly reduced.
Further illustratively, the metal electrode is formed from a material selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, copper, iron, aluminum, magnesium, potassium, palladium, nickel, tin, and cobalt.
It is worth to say that, this technical scheme is through the kind of the metal electrode of change different materials to realize the preparation of different kinds of graphite alkene cladding metal material, the preparation process of graphite alkene cladding metal material of this scheme is simple nimble, high-efficient continuous, greatly reduced graphite alkene cladding metal material's preparation degree of difficulty.
Further illustratively, in step (2), the gas is an inert gas; or, the gas consists of 95-99% of inert gas and 1-5% of reducing gas by mole percent;
the inert gas is any one of nitrogen, argon and helium;
the reducing gas is any one of hydrogen, formaldehyde and carbon monoxide.
Different kinds of inert gases can affect the yield of the graphene-coated metal material and the size of the particle size of the nano metal particles, and when the inert gases are any one of nitrogen, argon and helium, the yield of the produced nano metal particles is higher and the particle size is smaller.
When the metal electrode is made of metals which are difficult to oxidize, such as gold, silver, palladium, nickel, cobalt and tin, the gas introduced into the spark mixed ablation device can be directly inert gas or the combination of inert gas and reducing gas; when the metal electrode is made of iron, aluminum, magnesium, potassium and copper, which have poor oxidation resistance, 1-5% of reducing gas is required to be mixed in the gas, so that oxidation of the metal is avoided, even a small amount of oxidized nano metal particles can be reduced into simple-substance nano metal particles, and the quality and performance of the nano metal particles are ensured. Because hydrogen and carbon monoxide are combustible gases, if the content of the hydrogen and the carbon monoxide is too high, the explosion can be easily generated, and meanwhile, formaldehyde can be easily exploded in the spark discharge process; if the content of the reducing gas is too low, the reducing effect is poor, and therefore, the addition amount of the reducing gas is set to 1 to 5% by mole percent.
Further, in the step (1), the graphite electrode is any one of natural graphite, artificial graphite, bulk graphite and aphanitic graphite.
The preparation system of the graphene-coated metal material is applied to the preparation method of the graphene-coated metal material, and comprises an air source device 1, an air inlet pipeline 2, a spark mixing ablation device 3, an air outlet pipeline 4 and a collecting device 5 which are sequentially communicated;
the anode end of the spark mixed ablation device 3 is connected with a metal electrode, the cathode end of the spark mixed ablation device is connected with a graphite electrode, the metal electrode and the graphite electrode are arranged up and down oppositely, the air inlet pipeline 2 and the air outlet pipeline 4 are arranged on the same horizontal line, and the axis where the air inlet pipeline 2 and the air outlet pipeline 4 are located passes through a gap between the metal electrode and the graphite electrode.
Further illustratively, the inlet line 2 is provided with a pressure control valve and the outlet line 4 is provided with a flow control valve.
It is worth to say that when the graphene coated metal material is prepared, a graphite electrode is connected with the cathode end of the spark mixed ablation device 3 and the metal electrode is connected with the anode end of the spark mixed ablation device 3, then the air source device 1 is started, air is output from the air source device 1, pressure and flow are regulated through the pressure control valve, the pressure of the air input into the spark mixed ablation device 3 is 1 bar-5 bar, the flow is 0.5L/min-5L/min, the voltage of the spark mixed ablation device is 0.7-1.0 kV, the current is 7.5-9 mA, the gap between the metal electrode and the graphite electrode is 0.9-1.2 mm, the spark mixed ablation device 3 is started, the metal electrode and the graphite electrode generate spark ablation reaction in the spark mixed ablation device 3, and the graphene coated metal material is generated.
Preferably, the metal electrode and the graphite electrode are cylindrical, so that the surface area of the metal electrode and the graphite electrode can be increased, and nano metal particles and graphene sheets can be formed more conveniently.
Specifically, the prepared graphene-coated metal material is conveyed into a collecting device through gas to be collected.
Preferably, the spark mixed ablation device 3 comprises two electrode fixing seats, the two electrode fixing seats are arranged on the inner wall of the spark mixed ablation device 3 in an up-down opposite mode, the metal electrode and the graphite electrode are respectively arranged on the corresponding electrode fixing seats, the air inlet pipeline and the air outlet pipeline are arranged on the left wall and the right wall of the spark mixed ablation device 3 in a left-right opposite mode, air flowing out of the air source device 1 enters the spark mixed ablation device 3 from the left end of the spark mixed ablation device 3 and is output from the right end of the spark mixed ablation device 3, the air inlet pipeline and the air outlet pipeline are arranged on the same horizontal line, and the axis where the air inlet pipeline and the air outlet pipeline are located passes through a gap between the two electrodes.
Preferably, the collecting device 5 is composed of an exhaust hole, a substrate and a cavity, and the collecting process can deposit the graphene-coated metal material on the specified substrate by dipping, diffusion, stamping and the like.
Preferably, the vent hole is a nozzle with a diameter of 0.1mm to 0.5mm or a vent hole with a diameter of 1mm to 5 mm.
Preferably, the substrate is a solid substrate or a liquid substrate, and the solid substrate may be a nanofiber mesh substrate, a non-charged solid planar substrate, or a planar substrate with an electrostatic pattern.
The technical scheme is further described by specific examples.
Example 1
The preparation method of the graphene-coated gold material comprises the following steps:
(1) Connecting a gold electrode with the anode end of the spark hybrid ablation device, and connecting a graphite electrode (specifically natural graphite) with the cathode end of the spark hybrid ablation device;
(2) Introducing nitrogen into the spark mixed ablation device, and adjusting parameters of the spark mixed ablation device, wherein the pressure of the nitrogen introduced into the spark mixed ablation device is 1bar, and the flow is 1L/min; the voltage of the spark mixed ablation device is 0.8kV, and the current is 8mA; the gap between the gold electrode and the graphite electrode is 1mm, a spark mixed ablation device is started, the gold electrode and the graphite electrode are broken down under high pressure, so that the gold electrode and the graphite electrode are mixed to be ablated and evaporated, and the graphite electrode of the cathode generates a surface area of 80nm after ablation 2 Graphene flakes, gold electrodes of the anode after ablation produce nano-gold particles with a particle size of 5 nm;
(3) The graphene sheet and the nano gold particles are subjected to gas mixing collision, so that the graphene sheet is coated on the surfaces of the nano gold particles, and the graphene coated gold material with the particle size of 5nm is prepared;
(4) And conveying the prepared graphene-coated gold material to a collecting device along with gas, and completing the collection of the graphene-coated gold material by diffusion deposition on a solid plane substrate.
Example 2
The preparation method of the graphene coated silver material comprises the following steps:
(1) Connecting a silver electrode with the anode end of the spark hybrid ablation device, and connecting a graphite electrode (specifically natural graphite) with the cathode end of the spark hybrid ablation device;
(2) Argon is introduced into the spark mixed ablation device, parameters of the spark mixed ablation device are regulated, wherein the pressure of the argon introduced into the spark mixed ablation device is 1.5bar, and the flow is 0.8L/min; the voltage of the spark mixed ablation device is 0.9kV, and the current is 8.5mA; the gap between the silver electrode and the graphite electrode is 1.1mm, a spark mixed ablation device is started, the silver electrode and the graphite electrode are broken down under high pressure, the silver electrode and the graphite electrode are subjected to mixed ablation and evaporation, and the graphite electrode of the cathode generates a surface area of 100nm after ablation 2 Graphene flakes, silver electrodes of the anode after ablation produce nano silver particles with a particle size of 8 nm;
(3) The graphene sheet and the nano silver particles are subjected to gas mixing collision, so that the graphene sheet is coated on the surfaces of the nano silver particles, and the graphene coated silver material with the particle size of 8nm is prepared;
(4) And conveying the prepared graphene-coated silver material to a collecting device along with gas, and completing the collection of the graphene-coated silver material by diffusion deposition on a solid plane substrate.
Example 3
The preparation method of the graphene-coated copper material comprises the following steps:
(1) Connecting a copper electrode with the anode end of the spark hybrid ablation device, and connecting a graphite electrode (specifically, artificial graphite) with the cathode end of the spark hybrid ablation device;
(2) Introducing hydrogen-argon mixed gas (composed of 96% argon and 4% hydrogen) into a spark mixed ablation device, and adjusting parameters of the spark mixed ablation device, wherein the pressure of the hydrogen-argon mixed gas introduced into the spark mixed ablation device is 1bar, and the flow is 1L/min; the voltage of the spark mixed ablation device is 0.7kV, and the current is 7.5mA; the gap between the copper electrode and the graphite electrode is 0.9mm, a spark mixed ablation device is started, the copper electrode and the graphite electrode are broken down under high pressure, the copper electrode and the graphite electrode are subjected to mixed ablation and evaporation, and the graphite electrode of the cathode is arranged at the position of the copper electrode and the graphite electrodeSurface area of 70nm after ablation 2 Graphene flakes, the copper electrode of the anode after ablation producing nano copper particles with a particle size of 3 nm;
(3) The graphene sheet and the nano copper particles are subjected to gas mixing collision, so that the graphene sheet is coated on the surfaces of the nano copper particles, and the graphene coated copper material with the particle size of 3nm is prepared;
(4) And conveying the prepared graphene-coated copper material to a collecting device along with gas, and completing the collection of the graphene-coated copper material by diffusion deposition on a solid plane substrate.
Example 4
The preparation method of the graphene-coated nickel material comprises the following steps:
(1) Connecting a nickel electrode with the anode end of the spark hybrid ablation device, and connecting a graphite electrode (specifically natural graphite) with the cathode end of the spark hybrid ablation device;
(2) Introducing hydrogen-argon mixed gas (composed of 96% argon and 4% hydrogen) into a spark mixed ablation device, and adjusting parameters of the spark mixed ablation device, wherein the pressure of the hydrogen-argon mixed gas introduced into the spark mixed ablation device is 1bar, and the flow is 1L/min; the voltage of the spark mixed ablation device is 1kV, and the current is 9mA; the gap between the nickel electrode and the graphite electrode is 1.2mm, a spark mixed ablation device is started, the nickel electrode and the graphite electrode are broken down under high pressure, the nickel electrode and the graphite electrode are subjected to mixed ablation and evaporation, and the graphite electrode of the cathode generates a surface area of 90nm after ablation 2 Graphene sheets, nickel electrodes of the anode after ablation produced nano nickel particles with a particle size of 5 nm;
(3) The graphene sheet and the nano nickel particles are subjected to gas mixing collision, so that the graphene sheet is coated on the surfaces of the nano nickel particles, and the graphene coated nickel material with the particle size of 5nm is prepared;
(4) And conveying the prepared graphene-coated nickel material to a collecting device along with gas, and completing the collection of the graphene-coated nickel material by diffusion deposition on a solid plane substrate.
Example 5
The preparation method of the graphene-coated palladium material comprises the following steps:
(1) Connecting a palladium electrode with the anode end of the spark mixed ablation device, and connecting a graphite electrode (specifically natural graphite) with the cathode end of the spark mixed ablation device;
(2) Introducing hydrogen-argon mixed gas (composed of 96% argon and 4% hydrogen) into a spark mixed ablation device, and adjusting parameters of the spark mixed ablation device, wherein the pressure of the hydrogen-argon mixed gas introduced into the spark mixed ablation device is 1bar, and the flow is 1L/min; the voltage of the spark mixed ablation device is 1kV, and the current is 9mA; the gap between the palladium electrode and the graphite electrode is 1.2mm, a spark mixed ablation device is started, the palladium electrode and the graphite electrode are broken down under high pressure, the palladium electrode and the graphite electrode are subjected to mixed ablation and evaporation, and the graphite electrode of the cathode generates a surface area of 90nm after ablation 2 Graphene sheets, palladium electrodes of the anode generate nano palladium particles with particle size of 5nm after ablation;
(3) The graphene sheet and the nano palladium particles are subjected to gas mixing collision, so that the graphene sheet is coated on the surfaces of the nano palladium particles, and the graphene coated palladium material with the particle size of 5nm is prepared;
(4) And conveying the prepared graphene-coated palladium material to a collecting device along with gas, and completing the collection of the graphene-coated palladium material by diffusion deposition on a solid plane substrate.
Example 6
The preparation method of the graphene coated aluminum material comprises the following steps:
(1) Connecting an aluminum electrode with the anode end of the spark hybrid ablation device, and connecting a graphite electrode (specifically natural graphite) with the cathode end of the spark hybrid ablation device;
(2) Introducing hydrogen-argon mixed gas (composed of 96% argon and 4% hydrogen) into a spark mixed ablation device, and adjusting parameters of the spark mixed ablation device, wherein the pressure of the hydrogen-argon mixed gas introduced into the spark mixed ablation device is 1bar, and the flow is 1L/min; the voltage of the spark mixed ablation device is 1kV, and the current is 9mA; the gap between the aluminum electrode and the graphite electrode is 1.2mm, a spark mixed ablation device is started, and the aluminum electrode and the graphite electrode are broken down under high voltage, so that the aluminum electrode and the graphite electrode are connectedGraphite electrodes are mixed for ablation and evaporation, and the surface area of the graphite electrode of the cathode is 90nm after the graphite electrode is ablated 2 Graphene flakes, the aluminum electrode of the anode after ablation producing nano-aluminum particles with a particle size of 5 nm;
(3) The graphene sheet and the nano aluminum particles are subjected to gas mixing collision, so that the graphene sheet is coated on the surfaces of the nano aluminum particles, and the graphene coated aluminum material with the particle size of 5nm is prepared;
(4) And conveying the prepared graphene-coated aluminum material to a collecting device along with gas, and completing the collection of the graphene-coated aluminum material by diffusion deposition on a solid plane substrate.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with the specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and should not be taken in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of this specification without undue burden.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the graphene-coated metal material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Connecting a metal electrode with the anode end of the spark hybrid ablation device, and connecting a graphite electrode with the cathode end of the spark hybrid ablation device; the spark mixed ablation device comprises two electrode fixing seats, the two electrode fixing seats are arranged on the inner wall of the spark mixed ablation device in an up-down opposite manner, the metal electrode and the graphite electrode are respectively arranged on the corresponding electrode fixing seats, an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline are arranged on the left wall and the right wall of the spark mixed ablation device in a left-right opposite manner, air flowing out of the air source device enters the spark mixed ablation device from the left end of the spark mixed ablation device and is output from the right end of the spark mixed ablation device, the air inlet pipeline and the air outlet pipeline are arranged on the same horizontal line, and the axis where the air inlet pipeline and the air outlet pipeline are positioned passes through a gap between the two electrodes;
(2) Introducing gas into a spark mixed ablation device, starting the spark mixed ablation device, and performing spark ablation reaction on a metal electrode and a graphite electrode to respectively form nano metal particles and graphene sheets; the voltage of the spark mixed ablation device is 0.7-1.0 kV, and the current is 7.5-9 mA; the gap between the metal electrode and the graphite electrode is 0.9-1.2 mm; the pressure of the gas introduced into the spark mixing ablation device is 1 bar-5 bar, and the flow is 0.5L/min-5L/min;
(3) And the graphene sheet and the nano metal particles are subjected to gas mixing collision, so that the graphene sheet is coated on the surfaces of the nano metal particles, and a graphene coated metal material is formed.
2. The method for preparing a graphene-coated metal material according to claim 1, wherein the material of the metal electrode is any one or a combination of more of gold, silver, copper, iron, aluminum, magnesium, potassium, palladium, nickel, tin and cobalt.
3. The method of producing a graphene-coated metal material according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the gas is an inert gas; or, the gas consists of 95% -99% of inert gas and 1% -5% of reducing gas by mole percent;
the inert gas is any one of nitrogen, argon and helium;
the reducing gas is any one of hydrogen, formaldehyde and carbon monoxide.
4. The method of producing a graphene-coated metal material according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the graphite electrode is any one of natural graphite and artificial graphite.
5. The preparation system of the graphene-coated metal material is characterized by being applied to the preparation method of the graphene-coated metal material according to any one of claims 1-4, and comprising an air source device, an air inlet pipeline, a spark mixing ablation device, an air outlet pipeline and a collection device which are sequentially communicated;
the anode end of the spark mixing ablation device is connected with a metal electrode, the cathode end of the spark mixing ablation device is connected with a graphite electrode, the metal electrode and the graphite electrode are arranged up and down oppositely, the air inlet pipeline and the air outlet pipeline are arranged on the same horizontal line, and the axis where the air inlet pipeline and the air outlet pipeline are located passes through a gap between the metal electrode and the graphite electrode.
6. The preparation system of a graphene-coated metal material according to claim 5, wherein the air inlet pipeline is provided with a pressure control valve, and the air outlet pipeline is provided with a flow control valve.
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