CN114285600A - Data transmission system of wind power plant - Google Patents
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- CN114285600A CN114285600A CN202111403976.XA CN202111403976A CN114285600A CN 114285600 A CN114285600 A CN 114285600A CN 202111403976 A CN202111403976 A CN 202111403976A CN 114285600 A CN114285600 A CN 114285600A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a data transmission system of a wind power plant, which is used for communicating a central control room and the wind power plant, wherein the central control room comprises an SCADA system and a non-SCADA system, and comprises the following components: the system comprises a central control room side transmission unit and a plurality of wind power plant side data transmission units; the central control room side data transmission unit comprises: the first switch, the first longitudinal encryption device and the second switch are positioned in the central control room and are connected in sequence. The first switch is connected with an encryption service device in the SCADA system; the second switch is connected with a non-encrypted service device in the SCADA system or the non-SCADA system; each wind power plant side data transmission unit comprises a third switch, a second longitudinal encryption device and a fourth switch which are positioned in the wind turbine and connected in sequence; the third switch is respectively connected with the second switch and the fan non-encryption device; the fourth switch is connected with the fan encryption device. The invention solves the problem that the fan state on the SCADA system is the fan communication interruption caused by the congestion of the longitudinal encryption device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the safety field of wind power generation equipment, in particular to a data transmission system of a wind power plant.
Background
In the scenario that a plant adopts a longitudinal encryption device for a wind farm network, as shown in fig. 1, the current longitudinal encryption device is serially disposed between a fan side and an SCADA system (server) side, and the longitudinal encryption scheme is to encrypt and transmit all data streams from the fan side to the SCADA system side.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the conventional encryption system includes: in the central Control room, an SCADA system (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition system), a first vertical encryption device And a first-layer switch are included, wherein the SCADA system is connected with the first-layer switch through the first vertical encryption device. Further comprising: a wind power generation system comprises a plurality of groups of wind power generators, and each wind power generator group comprises: a second layer of switch (also called wind field ring network switch), a second longitudinal encryption device and a fan device; and the fan device is connected with the second layer of exchanger through the second longitudinal encryption device.
The first-layer switch in the central control room is connected with the second-layer switch of the wind generating set to form an annular redundant network (wind field network for short), and the SCADA system is accessed to relevant equipment in the wind field ring network switch and the wind generating set through longitudinal encryption devices (a first longitudinal encryption device and a second longitudinal encryption device) to communicate.
The original application scene of the longitudinal encryption scheme is positioned between a plant station and a provincial dispatching station, and the plant station and the provincial dispatching station communicate through a power dispatching data network, the scene is characterized in that only dispatching data are exchanged between the provincial dispatching station and the plant station, the data flow is small, but after the longitudinal encryption scheme is applied to the plant station longitudinal encryption scene at present, the following problems exist:
1. a micro longitudinal encryption device (a second longitudinal encryption device) with low processing performance capability is deployed on the side of the fan, the bandwidth of processing encryption messages is only 10Mbit, and if the encryption for processing all messages is in a wind field with insufficient performance, the heartbeat messages from the SCADA system to the fan monitoring PLC in the fan device are lost, and finally the fan state on the SCADA system is the fan communication interruption.
2. If the first longitudinal encryption device deployed on the SCADA system side is also deployed with a miniature longitudinal encryption device with lower performance processing capability, the heartbeat messages of the SCADA system side and the fan monitoring PLC are lost if the encryption messages are processed with only 10Mbit bandwidth, and finally the fan state on the SCADA system is the fan communication interruption. However, the wind turbine communication interruption is an unacceptable fault of the wind power plant, and no effective solution exists at present in the scene that the performance-limited longitudinal encryption device (especially the longitudinal encryption device on the wind turbine side) cannot be replaced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a data transmission system of a wind power plant, which is used for solving the problem that a wind power plant network safety device cannot normally operate under the condition that a longitudinal encryption device with limited performance cannot be replaced.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a data transmission system for a wind farm for communicating a central control room 10 with the wind farm, the central control room 10 including a SCADA system and a non-SCADA system, comprising: the system comprises a central control room side transmission unit and a plurality of wind power plant side data transmission units; the central control room side data transmission unit comprises: a first switch 111, a first longitudinal encryption device 121 and a second switch 112 which are positioned in the central control room 10 and are connected in sequence. The first switch 111 is connected to the cryptographic service apparatus 100 in the SCADA system. The second switch 112 is connected to the non-cryptographic service apparatus 101 in the SCADA system or the non-SCADA system. Each wind farm side data transmission unit comprises a third switch 113, a second longitudinal encryption device 122 and a fourth switch 114 which are positioned in the wind turbine 30 and are connected in sequence; the third switch 113 is respectively connected with the second switch 112 and the fan non-encryption device 302; the fourth switch 114 is connected with the fan encryption device 301, and the second switch 112 and the plurality of third switches 113 form the wind farm network 20.
Optionally, when the central control room 10 side needs to transmit data to the wind farm side, the first switch 111 is configured to transmit the first data stream of the encryption service device 100 to the first vertical encryption device 121. The first vertical encryption device 121 is configured to encrypt the received first data stream and transmit the encrypted first data stream to the second switch 112. The second switch 112 is configured to split the received second data stream output by the non-encrypted service device and the received encrypted first data stream, and transmit the split data to the corresponding third switch 113. Each third switch 113 is configured to transmit the received encrypted first data stream to the fan encryption device 301 through the second vertical encryption device 122 and the fourth switch 114; each of the third switches 113 is further configured to transmit the received second data stream to the fan unencrypted device 302.
Optionally, when the central control room 10 side needs to transmit data to the wind farm side, the second longitudinal encryption device 122 is configured to decrypt the received encrypted first data stream; the fourth switch 114 is configured to transmit the decrypted first data stream to the blower encryption device 301.
Optionally, the first switch 111 is configured to forward the first data stream to the first vertical encryption device 121 according to the MAC address of the encryption service device 100 through a MAC switching function of a layer two switch. The second switch 112 forwards the encrypted first data stream and the second data stream to the corresponding third switch 113 according to destination MAC addresses of the encrypted service device 100 and the non-encrypted service device 101.
Optionally, when the wind farm side needs to transmit data to the central control room 10 side, the fourth switch 114 in each of the wind turbines 30 forwards the third data stream output by the wind turbine encryption device 301 to the second vertical encryption device 122 according to the MAC address of the wind turbine encryption device 301.
The second vertical encryption device 122 is configured to encrypt the received third data stream and transmit the encrypted third data stream to the third switch 113. The third switch 113 is configured to forward the received encrypted third data stream and the fourth data stream output by the fan non-encryption device 302 to the second switch 112 according to the destination MAC addresses of the fan encryption device 301 and the fan non-encryption device 302.
The second switch 112 is configured to forward the received encrypted third data stream to the first vertical encryption device 121 according to the destination MAC address of the fan encryption device 301. The second switch 112 is further configured to correspondingly forward the received fourth data stream to the unencrypted service device 101 according to the destination MAC address of the fan unencrypted device 302; the first vertical encryption device 121 is configured to perform decryption processing on the received encrypted third data stream; the first switch 111 is configured to forward the received decrypted third data stream to the encryption service apparatus 100.
Optionally, the encrypted service device 100 is a SCADA server, and the unencrypted service device 101 is a vibration monitoring server and/or a video server.
Optionally, the fan encryption device 301 is a fan monitoring PLC and/or a box transformer substation monitoring PLC; the fan non-encryption device 302 is a vibration monitoring PLC and/or a video sensor.
Optionally, the first data flow is control flow information sent by the SCADA server to the fan encryption device 301; the third data flow is control flow information sent to the SCADA server by the fan encryption device 301; the second data stream is non-control flow information sent by the non-encryption service device 101 to the fan non-encryption device 302; the fourth data flow is non-control flow information sent by the blower non-encryption device 302 to the non-encryption service device 101.
The invention has at least one of the following advantages:
the data transmission system of the wind power plant provided by the invention transmits data stream according to whether the service stream of the wind power plant is control stream information or non-control stream information; when the control flow information needs to be transmitted, the control flow information is encrypted through a first longitudinal encryption device and then transmitted; when the non-control flow information needing to be transmitted is encrypted, transmitting control flow through a third switch and a second switch of the system and then transmitting the encrypted control flow; this non-control flow information is primarily data-intensive, as it would be if it were encrypted vertically, causing congestion in the vertical encryption device and the problems described herein. But the existence of the second exchanger and the third exchanger enables the non-control flow information not to need to be longitudinally encrypted, so that the problem that the fan state is presented as the fan communication interruption on the SCADA system due to the congestion of a longitudinal encryption device is solved.
After the safe encryption shunting scheme is adopted, the method can support the longitudinal encryption safety scheme under the existing limited micro longitudinal processing capacity, simultaneously support the network deployment of other traffic without encryption, such as video and the like, and the wind farm network, meet the longitudinal encryption safety scheme, simultaneously support the network deployment scheme, and simplify the network architecture of the wind farm.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission system for a wind farm provided by the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission system of a wind farm according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The data transmission system for a wind farm according to the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all used in a non-precise scale for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly aiding in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. To make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, reference is made to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the implementation conditions of the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a data transmission method for a wind farm, which is used for communicating a central control room 10 with a wind farm, where the central control room 10 includes a SCADA system and a non-SCADA system, and specifically, is used for communicating an encryption service device 100 of the SCADA system of the central control room 10 with other non-encryption service devices 101 of the wind farm and a wind turbine encryption device 301 and a wind turbine non-confidential device 302 of a wind farm side, respectively, so as to implement information interaction between the two devices, and includes: the system comprises a central control room side transmission unit and a plurality of wind power plant side data transmission units. The central control room side data transmission unit comprises: a first switch 111, a first longitudinal encryption device 121 and a second switch 112 which are positioned in the central control room 10 and are connected in sequence. The first switch 111 is connected with the encryption service device 100 in the SCADA system; the second switch 112 is connected to the non-cryptographic service apparatus 101 in the SCADA system or the non-SCADA system.
Each wind farm side data transmission unit comprises: a third switch 113, a second longitudinal encryption device 122 and a fourth switch 114 which are positioned in the fan 30 and connected in sequence; the third switch 113 is respectively connected with the second switch 112 and the fan non-encryption device 302; the fourth switch 114 is connected with the fan encryption device 301. The second switch 112, a plurality of the third switches 113 form a wind farm network 20, and the networking topology thereof is generally a ring networking.
When the central control room 10 side needs to transmit data to the wind farm side, the first switch 111 is configured to transmit the first data stream of the encryption service device 100 to the first vertical encryption device 121.
The first vertical encryption device 121 is configured to encrypt the received first data stream and transmit the encrypted first data stream to the second switch 112.
The second switch 112 is configured to split the received second data stream output by the non-encrypted service device 101 and the received encrypted first data stream, and transmit the split data to the corresponding third switch 113.
Each third switch 113 is configured to transmit the received encrypted first data stream to the fan encryption device 301 through the second vertical encryption device 122 and the fourth switch 114 in sequence; each of the third switches 113 is further configured to transmit the received second data stream to the fan unencrypted device 302.
In this embodiment, when the SCADA system side needs to transmit data to the wind farm side, the corresponding second vertical encryption device 122 is configured to decrypt the received encrypted first data stream. The corresponding fourth switch 114 is configured to transmit the decrypted first data stream to the corresponding blower encryption device 301.
In this embodiment, the first switch 111 is configured to forward the first data stream to the first vertical encryption device 121 according to the MAC address of the encryption service device 100 through the MAC switching function of the layer two switch. The second switch 112 forwards the encrypted first data stream and the second data stream to the corresponding third switch 113 according to destination MAC addresses of the encrypted service device 100 and the non-encrypted service device 101.
In this embodiment, when the wind farm side needs to transmit data to the central control room 10 side, the fourth switch 114 in each of the fans 30 forwards the third data stream output by the fan encryption device 301 to the second vertical encryption device 122 according to the MAC address of the fan encryption device 301.
The second vertical encryption device 122 is configured to encrypt the received third data stream and transmit the encrypted third data stream to the third switch 113.
The third switch 113 is configured to forward the received encrypted third data stream and the fourth data stream output by the fan non-encryption device 302 to the second switch 112 according to the destination MAC addresses of the fan encryption device 301 and the fan non-encryption device 302.
The second switch 112 is configured to forward the received encrypted third data stream to the first vertical encryption device 121 according to the destination MAC address of the fan encryption device 301. The second switch 112 is further configured to correspondingly forward the received fourth data stream to the unencrypted service device 101 according to the destination MAC address of the fan unencrypted device 302; the first vertical encryption device 121 is configured to perform decryption processing on the received encrypted third data stream; the first switch 111 is configured to forward the received decrypted third data stream to the encryption service apparatus 100.
In this embodiment, the encryption service device is a SCADA server, and the non-encryption service device 101 is a vibration monitoring server and/or a video server.
In this embodiment, the fan encryption device 301 is a fan monitoring PLC and/or a box transformer substation monitoring PLC; the fan non-encryption device 302 is a vibration monitoring PLC and/or a video sensor.
In this embodiment, the first data stream is control flow information sent by the SCADA server to the fan encryption device 301; the third data flow is control flow information sent to the SCADA server by the fan encryption device 301; the second data stream is non-control flow information sent by the non-encryption service device 101 to the fan non-encryption device 302; the fourth data flow is non-control flow information sent by the blower non-encryption device 302 to the non-encryption service device 101.
It can be understood that the process of information interaction between each of the fans 30 and the central control room in the present embodiment is the same as the process described above.
The encrypted and unencrypted offload networking is shown in fig. 2: device for non-encrypted streams: the server side is directly connected to the convergence layer switch of the wind field network, and the fan side is directly connected to the switch at the bottom of the fan side tower.
Means for encrypting the stream: the server side is accessed through a newly-added first switch, and the fan side is accessed through a fourth switch. Longitudinally dense device: the server side is accessed between the first switch and the second switch; the fan side is accessed at the third switch and the fourth switch.
General principles for distinguishing encrypted streams from non-encrypted streams:
the division principle mainly depends on whether the service flow of the wind field is control flow information, and specifically includes the following steps:
encryption flow: longitudinally and densely encrypting control flow, such as SCADA to fan monitoring PLC
Non-encrypted stream: non-control flows of wind fields, such as vibration detection flows of fans, video monitoring and the like, which are mainly large in data volume, such as longitudinal encryption, can cause congestion of longitudinal encryption devices, thereby causing the problems described herein.
It can be understood that in the present embodiment, the encrypted split is implemented: the wind field network is a TCP/IP network, and the encrypted stream and the non-encrypted stream are identified by IP addresses (a source IP address and a destination IP address) under the IP networking. The shunting is different according to different networking methods of the wind field network, and can be realized by exchanging, forwarding and shunting two-layer MAC addresses under an end-to-end two-layer networking as described in the description of FIG. 2; the method is also suitable for the encryption shunt transmission method under the end-to-end three-layer networking.
According to the data transmission system of the wind power plant provided by the embodiment, data stream transmission is performed according to whether the service stream of the wind power plant is control stream information or non-control stream information; when the control flow information needs to be transmitted, the control flow information is encrypted through a first longitudinal encryption device and then transmitted; when the non-control flow information needing to be transmitted is encrypted, transmitting control flow through a third switch and a second switch of the system and then transmitting the encrypted control flow; this non-control flow information is primarily data-intensive, as it would be if it were encrypted vertically, causing congestion in the vertical encryption device and the problems described herein. But the existence of the second exchanger and the third exchanger enables the non-control flow information not to need to be longitudinally encrypted, so that the problem that the fan state is presented as the fan communication interruption on the SCADA system due to the congestion of a longitudinal encryption device is solved.
After the safe encryption shunting scheme is adopted, the method can support the longitudinal encryption safety scheme under the existing limited micro-longitudinal processing capacity, simultaneously support the common network deployment of other traffic without encryption, such as video and the like, and the wind farm network, meet the longitudinal encryption safety scheme, simultaneously support the common network deployment scheme, and simplify the network architecture of the wind farm.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
It should be noted that the apparatuses and methods disclosed in the embodiments herein can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and for example, the flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments herein. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, a program, or a portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
In addition, the functional modules in the embodiments herein may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. A data transmission system of a wind farm for communicating a central control room (10) and the wind farm, the central control room (10) comprising a SCADA system and a non-SCADA system, characterized in that it comprises: the system comprises a central control room side transmission unit and a plurality of wind power plant side data transmission units;
the central control room side data transmission unit comprises: a first exchanger (111), a first longitudinal encryption device (121) and a second exchanger (112) which are positioned in the central control room (10) and are connected in sequence; the first switch (111) is connected with an encryption service device (100) in the SCADA system; the second switch (112) is connected with a non-encrypted service device (101) in the SCADA system or the non-SCADA system;
each wind farm side data transmission unit comprises: the third exchanger (113), the second longitudinal encryption device (122) and the fourth exchanger (114) are positioned in the fan (30) and are sequentially connected; the third switch (113) is respectively connected with the second switch (112) and the fan non-encryption device (302); the fourth switch (114) is connected with a fan encryption device (301); the second switch (112) and a plurality of the third switches (113) form a wind field network (20).
2. The data transmission system of a wind farm according to claim 1,
when the central control room (10) side needs to transmit data to the wind power plant side,
the first switch (111) is used for transmitting a first data stream of the encryption service device (100) to the first vertical encryption device (121);
the first vertical encryption device (121) is used for encrypting the received first data stream and transmitting the encrypted first data stream to the second switch (112);
the second switch (112) is used for shunting and transmitting the received second data stream output by the non-encrypted service device and the received encrypted first data stream to the corresponding third switch (113);
each third switch (113) is configured to transmit the received encrypted first data stream to the fan encryption device (301) through the second vertical encryption device (122) and the fourth switch (114) in sequence; each of the third switches (113) is further configured to transmit the received second data stream to the fan non-encryption device (302).
3. The data transmission system for wind farm according to claim 2, characterized in that, when the central control room (10) side needs to transmit data to the wind farm side,
the second vertical encryption device (122) is used for carrying out decryption processing on the received encrypted first data stream;
the fourth switch (114) is configured to transmit the decrypted first data stream to the blower encryption device (301).
4. The data transmission system of a wind farm according to claim 3,
the first switch (111) is used for forwarding the first data stream to the first vertical encryption device (121) through the MAC switching function of the two-layer switch according to the MAC address of the encryption service device (100);
the second switch (112) forwards the encrypted first and second data flows to the corresponding third switch (113) according to destination MAC addresses of the encrypted service device (100) and the non-encrypted service device (101).
5. The data transmission system of a wind farm according to claim 1,
when the wind farm side needs to transmit data to the central control room (10) side,
the fourth switch (114) in each fan (30) forwards the third data stream output by the fan encryption device (301) to the second vertical encryption device (122) according to the MAC address of the fan encryption device (301);
the second vertical encryption device (122) is configured to encrypt the received third data stream and transmit the encrypted third data stream to the third switch (113);
the third switch (113) is configured to forward the received encrypted third data flow and a fourth data flow output by the fan non-encryption device (302) to the second switch (112) according to destination MAC addresses of the fan encryption device (301) and the fan non-encryption device (302);
the second switch (112) is used for forwarding the received encrypted third data stream to the first vertical encryption device (121) according to the destination MAC address of the fan encryption device (301);
the second switch (112) is further configured to correspondingly forward the received fourth data stream to the unencrypted service device (101) according to a destination MAC address of the fan unencrypted device (302);
the first vertical encryption device (121) is used for carrying out decryption processing on the received encrypted third data stream;
the first switch (111) is configured to forward the received decrypted third data stream to the encryption service device (100).
6. The data transmission system of a wind farm according to claim 5, characterized in that the cryptographic service device (100) is a SCADA server and the non-cryptographic service device (101) is a vibration monitoring server and/or a video server.
7. The data transmission system of a wind farm according to claim 6, characterized in that the wind turbine encryption device (301) is a wind turbine monitoring PLC and/or a box transformer monitoring PLC; the fan non-encryption device (302) is a vibration monitoring PLC and/or a video sensor.
8. The data transmission system of a wind farm according to claim 7, characterized in that the first data stream is control flow information sent by the SCADA server to the wind turbine encryption device (301);
the third data flow is control flow information sent to the SCADA server by the fan encryption device (301);
the second data flow is non-control flow information sent by the non-encryption service device (101) to the fan non-encryption device (302);
the fourth data flow is non-control flow information sent by the fan non-encryption device (302) to the non-encryption service device (101).
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| 左果;: "国内油气SCADA系统信息安全管理问题及防护措施", 中国仪器仪表, no. 01, pages 2 * |
| 黄河;张伟;祁国成;闫峰;陈鹏;: "油气管道SCADA系统数据传输的安全风险及其解决方案", 天然气工业, no. 11 * |
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