CN114280786B - Optical waveguide element, construction method thereof and near-to-eye display device - Google Patents
Optical waveguide element, construction method thereof and near-to-eye display device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of near-eye display, and discloses an optical waveguide element, a construction method thereof and near-eye display equipment, wherein the construction method adjusts the set theta and phi of an initial optical waveguide element, and/or enables an incoupling reflecting surface, a turning beam splitting surface array and an outcoupling beam splitting surface array of the initial optical waveguide element to rotate by an angle beta in the vertical direction relative to a fourth axial direction, so that when the constructed optical waveguide element is applied to the near-eye display equipment, the requirements of different users on different sight line heights and angles of the near-eye equipment can be met; in this way, in the process of producing the near-eye display device, other structures of the near-eye display device, and the peripheral, frame, and the like of the optical waveguide element do not need to be changed; only in the process of producing the optical waveguide element, when the eye movement range of the set initial optical waveguide element is consistent with the position of the exit pupil center through simulation adjustment according to the position requirement (namely, the preset position) of the exit pupil center of a user, characteristic parameters required by constructing the optical waveguide element are determined, and the research and development cost and the production cost are low.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of near-eye display, in particular to an optical waveguide element, a construction method thereof and near-eye display equipment.
Background
Augmented Reality (AR) technology is a technology that fuses virtual information and a real world, and a near-eye display device is a device that realizes optical imaging using the AR technology. The near-eye display device enables a user to see a real world and a virtual image constructed by a computer, a conical range formed by human eyes and the virtual image is called a field angle, the distance between the human eyes and the display device when the human eyes can see a full virtual image is called an exit pupil distance, and the range in which the human eyes can shake when the human eyes can see the full virtual image at a certain exit pupil distance is called an eye movement range.
In implementing the embodiments of the present invention, the inventors found that at least the following problems exist in the above related art: at present, near-eye display devices on the market are generally in the form of glasses, helmets and the like, and in order to reduce the burden on the head of a user, the size of the optical engine needs to be reduced, but how to reduce the volume of the optical engine while significantly increasing the field angle and the eye movement range is a great challenge for augmented reality. In addition, the height of the sight line is different for different users, and some people are used to directly look at objects in front of the sight line, which is the design direction of most near-eye display devices, however, some people are also used to look upwards or downwards, for the users, products meeting the requirements basically do not exist in the market, and for manufacturers, the cost is greatly increased due to the fact that related products are specially developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an optical waveguide element which is small in size, large in visual field and capable of adjusting light emitting height, a construction method of the optical waveguide element and near-to-eye display equipment.
The purpose of the embodiment of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in order to solve the above technical problem, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for constructing an optical waveguide element, where the optical waveguide element includes an incoupling reflective surface, a turning beam-splitting surface array and an outcoupling beam-splitting surface array that are sequentially arranged according to a light propagation direction, the turning beam-splitting surface array is configured to exit incident light after expanding a pupil in a first direction, and the outcoupling beam-splitting surface array is configured to exit light after expanding the pupil in the first direction after expanding the pupil in a second direction, and the method includes:
setting an initial optical waveguide element, acquiring the position of the center of an eye movement range of light rays emitted after passing through a two-dimensional pupil expansion of the initial optical waveguide element, and judging whether the position of the center of the eye movement range is consistent with a preset position or not;
if not, the axial direction of the intersection line of the coupling-in reflecting surface and the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element is taken as a first axial direction, the axial direction of the intersection line of the turning beam-splitting surface array and the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element is taken as a second axial direction, the axial direction of the intersection line of the coupling-out beam-splitting surface array and the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element is taken as a third axial direction, the included angle between the first axial direction and the second axial direction is theta, the included angle between the first axial direction and the third axial direction is phi, and the theta and phi of the initial optical waveguide element are adjusted, and/or the emergent direction of the light rays coupled out by the optical waveguide element is taken as a fourth axial direction, so that the coupling-in reflecting surface, the turning beam-splitting surface array and the coupling-out beam-splitting surface array of the initial optical waveguide element are vertically rotated by an angle beta relative to the fourth axial direction, and the position of the center of the eye movement range is consistent with a preset position, and a target optical waveguide element is obtained;
and acquiring characteristic parameters including beta and/or theta and phi of the target light wave element, and constructing the optical waveguide element according to the characteristic parameters.
In some embodiments, adjusting θ and φ of the optical waveguide element comprises: adjusting theta and phi of the initial optical waveguide element within a range of 20 DEG to 70 DEG under the condition that phi =180 DEG to 2 theta is satisfied.
In some embodiments, 0 ° < β < 360 °.
In order to solve the above technical problem, in a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical waveguide element, which is constructed by using the construction method according to the first aspect.
In some embodiments, the incoupling reflective surface is at an angle α to the light exit surface of the light guiding element, wherein 0 ° < α < 90 °.
In some embodiments, the reflectance R1 of the incoupling reflective surface is > 95%.
In some embodiments, the array of turning spectroscopic surfaces comprises at least two turning spectroscopic surfaces, each of which has a reflectivity that increases with increasing distance from the incoupling reflective surface, the reflectivity R2 of the turning spectroscopic surface satisfying: r2 is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 100%.
In some embodiments, the array of coupling-out dichroic facets comprises at least two coupling-out dichroic facets, the reflectivity of each of the coupling-out dichroic facets increases with increasing distance from the array of turning dichroic facets, and the reflectivity R3 of the coupling-out dichroic facets satisfies: r3 is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 50%.
To solve the above technical problem, in a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a near-eye display device, including: the light guide element is arranged on the light emergent side of the optical machine, and the center of the eye movement range of the light emitted after the two-dimensional pupil expansion of the light guide element is consistent with the center of the light guide element.
In some embodiments, a cover plate is bonded to a surface of the optical waveguide element, the cover plate being integrally fixed to the optical waveguide element by an adhesive.
In some embodiments, the thickness t of the air gap between the cover plate and the optical waveguide element satisfies: t is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: different from the situation of the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for constructing an optical waveguide element, where θ and Φ of a set initial optical waveguide element are adjusted, and/or a coupling-in reflecting surface, a turning beam splitting surface array, and a coupling-out beam splitting surface array of the initial optical waveguide element are rotated by an angle β in a vertical direction with respect to a fourth axis, so that when the constructed optical waveguide element is applied to a near-eye display device, requirements of different users on different viewing heights and angles of the near-eye device can be met; in this way, in the process of producing the near-eye display device, other structures of the near-eye display device, and the peripheral, frame, and the like of the optical waveguide element do not need to be changed; only when the eye movement range of the set initial optical waveguide element is consistent with the position of the exit pupil center through simulation adjustment according to the position requirement (namely the preset position) of the exit pupil center of a user in the process of producing the optical waveguide element, the characteristic parameters required for constructing the optical waveguide element are determined, and research and development and production costs are low.
Drawings
The embodiments are illustrated by the figures of the accompanying drawings which correspond and are not meant to limit the embodiments, in which elements/blocks having the same reference number designation may be represented by like elements/blocks, and in which the drawings are not to scale unless otherwise specified.
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of the structure of an optical waveguide component according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a three-dimensional view of the structure of an optical waveguide component according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an optical path diagram of an optical waveguide component according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural diagram of an optical waveguide component according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a structure and optical path diagram of an optical waveguide device according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-eye display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a front view and a top view of a securing structure for an optical waveguide element in a near-eye display device provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals: 10. an optical waveguide element; 11. coupling into a reflecting surface; 12. turning the light splitting plane array; 13. a coupling-out light splitting surface array; A. the eye movement range; 100. a near-eye display device; 20. an optical machine; 30. a cover plate; 30a, an upper cover plate; 30b, a lower cover plate; 32. and (3) bonding the materials.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the concept of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
It should be noted that, if not conflicted, the various features of the embodiments of the invention may be combined with each other within the scope of protection of the present application. Additionally, while functional block divisions are performed in apparatus schematics, with logical sequences shown in flowcharts, in some cases, steps shown or described may be performed in sequences other than block divisions in apparatus or flowcharts. Further, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like as used herein do not limit the data and the execution order, but merely distinguish the same items or similar items having substantially the same functions and actions.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The near-eye display device based on the optical waveguide element is difficult to meet the diversified requirements of different users on the position of the center of the exit pupil.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for constructing an optical waveguide element, where the optical waveguide element includes an incoupling reflective surface, a turning beam splitting surface array, and an outcoupling beam splitting surface array, which are sequentially arranged according to a light propagation direction, where the incoupling reflective surface is used to incouple light into the optical waveguide element, so that the light is transmitted in the optical waveguide element by total reflection; the turning light splitting surface array is arranged on the transmission light emitting side of the coupling-in reflecting surface and is used for enabling the incident light to exit after expanding the pupil along a first direction; the coupling-out light splitting surface array is arranged on the reflection light-emitting side of the turning light splitting surface array and is used for enabling the light rays emitted after the pupil expansion along the first direction to exit after the pupil expansion along the second direction. The method for constructing the optical waveguide element comprises the following steps: setting an initial optical waveguide element, acquiring the position of the center of an eye movement range of light rays emitted after passing through a two-dimensional pupil expansion of the initial optical waveguide element, and judging whether the position of the center of the eye movement range is consistent with a preset position or not; if not, taking the axial direction of the intersection line of the coupling-in reflecting surface and the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element as a first axial direction, taking the axial direction of the intersection line of the turning beam-splitting surface array and the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element as a second axial direction, taking the axial direction of the intersection line of the coupling-out beam-splitting surface array and the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element as a third axial direction, taking the included angle between the first axial direction and the second axial direction as phi, and adjusting theta and phi of the initial optical waveguide element and/or taking the emergent direction of the light rays coupled out by the optical waveguide element as a fourth axial direction, so that the coupling-in reflecting surface, the turning beam-splitting surface array and the coupling-out beam-splitting surface array of the initial optical waveguide element rotate by an angle beta in the vertical direction relative to the fourth axial direction, so that the position of the center of the eye movement range is consistent with a preset position, and a target optical waveguide element is obtained; and acquiring characteristic parameters including beta and/or theta and phi of the target light wave element, and constructing the optical waveguide element according to the characteristic parameters.
According to the construction method of the optical waveguide element, the set theta and phi of the initial optical waveguide element are adjusted, and/or the coupling-in reflecting surface, the turning beam splitting surface array and the coupling-out beam splitting surface array of the initial optical waveguide element are rotated by an angle beta in the vertical direction relative to the fourth axial direction, so that when the constructed optical waveguide element is applied to near-eye display equipment, the requirements of different users on different sight line heights and angles of the near-eye display equipment can be met; as such, during the production of the near-eye device, there is no need to change other structures of the near-eye display device, as well as the peripherals, frames, etc. of the optical waveguide element; only in the process of producing the optical waveguide element, when the eye movement range of the set initial optical waveguide element is consistent with the position of the exit pupil center through simulation adjustment according to the position requirement (namely, the preset position) of the exit pupil center of a user, characteristic parameters required by constructing the optical waveguide element are determined, and the research and development cost and the production cost are low.
In some embodiments, adjusting θ and φ of the optical waveguide element comprises: theta and phi of the initial optical waveguide element are adjusted within a range of 20 DEG-70 DEG while satisfying phi =180 DEG-2 theta. Illustratively, if θ =10 °, Φ =150 ° of the initial optical waveguide element is set; the position of the center of the eye movement range may be made to coincide with the preset position by adjusting only θ and Φ of the initial optical waveguide element, and thus, the characteristic parameters of the target optical waveguide element may be obtained as follows: θ =20 °, Φ =140 °; θ =45 °, Φ =90 °; θ =55 °, Φ =70 °; θ =60 °, Φ =60 °; or θ =70 °, Φ =40 °, and the like, and the parameters can be specifically designed according to actual needs.
In some embodiments, 0 ° < β < 360 °. The following are exemplary: if θ =10 °, Φ =150 ° of the initial optical waveguide element is set; the position of the center of the eye movement range may be made to coincide with the preset position by adjusting only β, and thus, the characteristic parameters of the target optical waveguide element may be obtained as follows: β =10 °; β =90 °; β =120 °; β =210 °; or β =320 °, and the like, and the parameters can be specifically designed according to actual needs. If θ =10 ° and Φ =150 ° of the set initial optical waveguide element; the position of the center of the eye movement range may be made to coincide with the preset position by adjusting β first and then adjusting θ and Φ, or by adjusting θ and Φ first and then adjusting β, and thus, the characteristic parameters of the target optical waveguide element may be obtained as follows: θ =30 °, Φ =120 °, β =10 °; θ =55 °, Φ =70 °, β =60 °; θ =45 °, Φ =90 °, β =20 °; or θ =70 °, Φ =40 °, β =120 °, and the like, and the parameters can be specifically designed according to actual needs.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an optical waveguide element that is constructed by using the construction method described in any one of the first aspects. In particular, further explanation is provided below with reference to the drawings.
Example one
An embodiment of the present invention provides an optical waveguide element, please refer to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, where fig. 1 and fig. 2 respectively show a three-dimensional view and a three-dimensional view of a structure of an optical waveguide element provided by an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 shows an optical path of the optical waveguide element, and the optical waveguide element 10 is constructed based on characteristic parameters θ =45 ° and Φ =90 ° obtained by using the above-mentioned construction method, and includes: an incoupling reflective surface 11, a turning spectroscopic surface array 12 and an outcoupling spectroscopic surface array 13.
The incoupling reflective surface 11 is configured to incouple light into the optical waveguide element 10, so that the light is transmitted by total reflection in the optical waveguide element 10. In the embodiment of the present invention, the incoupling reflective surface 11 and the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element 10 form an included angle α, where α is greater than 0 ° and less than 90 °. The reflectance R1 of the incoupling reflective surface 11 is > 95%. The setting of the reflection capability of the coupling reflection surface 11 can be designed according to actual needs, and is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.
The turning spectroscopic surface array 12 is disposed on the light-transmitting side of the incoupling reflective surface 11, and is configured to expand the incident light to exit the pupil along the first direction, so as to directly increase the range of the light in the first direction, that is, a region a shown in fig. 3 is a maximum eye movement range that can be presented by the optical waveguide element 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, and a center of the eye movement range is close to a lower left of the optical waveguide element 10. In the embodiment of the present invention, the turning beam splitting surface array 12 includes at least two turning beam splitting surfaces, the reflectivity of each turning beam splitting surface increases with the distance from the coupling-in reflecting surface 11, and the reflectivity R2 of the turning beam splitting surfaces satisfies: r2 is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 100%. Specifically, the reflectivity of each turning beam splitting surface can be arranged in a step shape. Further, the turning beam splitting surfaces are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the light emitting surface of the optical waveguide element 10.
The coupling-out spectroscopic surface array 13 is disposed on the reflected light-emitting side of the turning spectroscopic surface array 12, and is configured to expand the pupil-expanded light emitted along the first direction and emit the expanded light along the second direction, so as to directly increase the range of the light emitted in the second direction, where an area a shown in fig. 3 is the maximum eye movement range that the optical waveguide element 10 provided by the embodiment of the present invention can present. Wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. In the embodiment of the present invention, the coupling-out dichroic surface array 13 includes at least two coupling-out dichroic surfaces, the reflectivity of each coupling-out dichroic surface increases with the distance from the turning dichroic surface array 12, and the reflectivity R3 of the coupling-out dichroic surfaces satisfies: r3 is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 50%. Specifically, the reflectivity of each coupling-out light splitting surface can be arranged in a step shape; the maximum limit of the reflectivity of the coupling-out light splitting surface is 50%, the situation that a real scene cannot be seen clearly can be avoided, and a good augmented reality display effect is achieved. Further, the light-coupling-out surfaces are parallel to each other and form a certain included angle α with the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element 10.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the reflectivities of the coupling-in reflecting surface 11, the turning dichroic surface array 12 and the coupling-out dichroic surface array 13 can be realized by different coating designs, or can be realized by rotating the optical axis of the polarizer or the wire grid; the optical waveguide element 10 may be made of a transparent material such as glass or resin, and specifically, the manufacturing process and process materials of the optical waveguide element 10 may be set according to actual needs, and need not be limited by the embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides an optical waveguide element 10, the optical waveguide element 10 is provided with a turning beam splitting surface array 12 and a coupling beam splitting surface array 13 for realizing two-dimensional pupil expansion, light is coupled into the optical waveguide element 10 through a coupling reflection surface 11, light emitted from a light machine enters the optical waveguide element 10 (such as a waveguide sheet) from the coupling reflection surface 11 for total reflection propagation, the light sequentially passes through each turning beam splitting surface of the turning beam splitting surface array 12 to realize pupil expansion in a first direction, then propagates towards the coupling beam splitting surface array 13, and the light sequentially passes through each coupling beam splitting surface of the coupling beam splitting surface array 13 to realize pupil expansion in a second direction and is coupled out to enter human eyes. The optical waveguide element 10 provided by the embodiment of the invention has a small volume, and when the optical waveguide element 10 is applied to a near-eye display device, the eye movement range of light rays emitted after two-dimensional pupil expansion of the optical waveguide element 10 is large; it is suitable for users who require the position of the exit pupil center (i.e., eye movement) to be close to the lower left of the optical waveguide element.
Example two
An optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided, and referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 shows a structure of an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the optical waveguide device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the optical waveguide device 10 according to the present invention is constructed based on characteristic parameters θ =55 ° and Φ =70 ° obtained by using the above construction method, and the configurations of the materials, the coatings, and the structures of the coupling-in reflective surface 11, the turning spectroscopic surface array 12, and the coupling-out spectroscopic surface array 13, and the included angles formed by the coupling-in reflective surface 11, the turning spectroscopic surface array 12, and the coupling-out spectroscopic surface array 13 and the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide device 10 are substantially the same as the optical waveguide device 10 according to the first embodiment. When the optical waveguide element 10 is applied to a near-eye display device, the position of the center of the eye movement range is shifted with respect to embodiment 1, and then the optical waveguide element 10 can satisfy the user with the corresponding requirement for the exit pupil position. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, by adjusting the magnitudes of θ and Φ within a certain angle range (θ is greater than or equal to 20 ° and less than or equal to 70 °) under the condition that Φ =180 ° -2 θ is satisfied, the light exit position of the optical waveguide element 10 can be adjusted with a greater degree of freedom, so that an optical waveguide element satisfying the exit pupil positions of human eyes of users with different head types can be obtained.
Similarly, in the embodiment of the present invention, the light emitted from the optical engine enters the optical waveguide element 10 (such as a waveguide sheet) from the coupling-in reflective surface 11 for total reflection propagation, the light sequentially passes through the turning splitting surfaces of the turning splitting surface array 12 to realize pupil expansion in the first direction, and then propagates toward the coupling-out splitting surface array 13, and the light sequentially passes through the coupling-out splitting surfaces of the coupling-out splitting surface array 13 to realize pupil expansion in the second direction and is coupled out to enter the human eye.
The optical waveguide element 10 provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a small volume, and when the optical waveguide element 10 is applied to a near-eye display device, the center of the eye movement range of the light emitted after two-dimensional pupil expansion of the optical waveguide element 10 is consistent with the center of the optical waveguide element 10 (such as a waveguide sheet), and the eye movement range is large, and the light emitted from the optical waveguide element 10 can be adjusted to a suitable required exit pupil position of the human eye according to the difference of the head types of the user, so that the adjustment with a larger degree of freedom is achieved.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 shows a structure and an optical path of an optical waveguide element according to an embodiment of the present invention, an optical waveguide element 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the optical waveguide element is constructed based on characteristic parameters θ =45 °, Φ =90 °, and β =20 ° obtained by using the above construction method; if the optical waveguide element of the first embodiment is used as an initial optical wave element, the optical waveguide element 10 provided in the embodiment of the present invention is constructed based on the characteristic parameter β =20 ° obtained by using the above construction method; the angles, materials, coatings and structures of the coupling-in reflecting surface 11, the turning spectroscopic surface array 12 and the coupling-out spectroscopic surface array 13, and the included angles formed by the coupling-in reflecting surface 11, the turning spectroscopic surface array 12 and the coupling-out spectroscopic surface array 13 and the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element 10 are basically the same as those of the optical waveguide element 10 in the first embodiment. When the optical waveguide element 10 is applied to a near-eye display device, the center position of the eye movement range of the optical waveguide element 10 is also shifted (moved upward) with respect to the first embodiment, and the optical waveguide element 10 can satisfy the user who has the corresponding requirement for the exit pupil position. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the light exiting direction of the light coupled out from the optical waveguide element 10 is a fourth axial direction, and the coupling-in reflecting surface 11, the turning spectroscopic surface array 12, and the coupling-out spectroscopic surface array 13 are arranged to rotate by β in the vertical direction with respect to the fourth axial direction, where β is greater than 0 ° and less than 360 °. The fourth axis is a direction perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide element 10 from which light exits; that is, the incoupling reflective surface 11, the turning partial plane array 12 and the outcoupling partial plane array 13 are rotated by a specific angle in the same direction, so that the light exiting from the optical waveguide element 10 can be adjusted to the desired exit pupil position of the human eye by controlling the clockwise or counterclockwise rotation angle β (0 ° < β < 360 °), so that the optical waveguide element 10 is moved to the vicinity of the same horizontal line as the optical engine at the exit pupil position of the human eye, and the light exiting position of the optical waveguide element 10 can be adjusted more flexibly compared with the solution of the first embodiment.
In the embodiment of the present invention, similarly, the light emitted from the optical engine enters the optical waveguide element 10 (such as a waveguide sheet) from the incoupling reflective surface 11 for total reflection propagation, the light sequentially passes through the turning spectroscopic surfaces of the turning spectroscopic surface array 12 to realize pupil expansion in the first direction, and then propagates toward the coupling spectroscopic surface array 13, and the light sequentially passes through the coupling spectroscopic surfaces of the coupling spectroscopic surface array 13 to realize pupil expansion in the second direction and is coupled out to enter the human eye. The optical waveguide element 10 provided by the embodiment of the invention has a small volume, and when the optical waveguide element 10 is applied to a near-eye display device, the center of the eye movement range of the light emitted after two-dimensional pupil expansion of the optical waveguide element 10 is consistent with the center of the optical waveguide element, and the eye movement range is large, and the light emitted from the optical waveguide element 10 can be adjusted to a proper required exit pupil position of the human eye according to different head types of a user, so that adjustment with a larger degree of freedom is realized.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a near-eye display device, please refer to fig. 6, where fig. 6 shows a structure of the near-eye display device, where the near-eye display device 100 includes: the optical device 20 and the optical waveguide element 10 according to any one of the second aspects of the present disclosure, the light incident side of the optical waveguide element 10 is disposed on the light emergent side of the optical device 20, and the center of the eye movement range of the light emitted after the two-dimensional pupil expansion of the optical waveguide element 10 is consistent with the center of the optical waveguide element 10 (such as a waveguide sheet).
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the near-eye display device 100 is exemplified by AR glasses, in practical applications, the near-eye display device 100 may also be in other forms, such as a helmet, and specifically, may be designed according to practical applications, and is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention. The structure, type, etc. of the optical engine 20 can also be set according to actual needs.
Different from the area of the eye movement range a in the market, which is usually located below the lenses of the near-eye display device such as AR glasses, with the near-eye display device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, the light coupled out from the optical waveguide element 10 can be emitted from most of the area of the lenses of the AR glasses, so that when a manufacturer designs the optical engine 20 and the program in the optical engine 20, the center of the image can be designed according to the visual effect of eye level, the design difficulty of the glasses is reduced, and the light can be coupled into the eyes from the same height as the pupils of the eyes, so that the whole near-eye display device 100 is more in line with the ergonomic design. Therefore, when the optical waveguide element 10 according to any one of the second aspects of the present invention is applied to the near-eye display device 100, the volume of the optical engine 20 can be effectively reduced while the field angle and the eye movement range are significantly increased.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 illustrates a front view and a top view of a fixing structure of an optical waveguide element in a near-eye display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and it is easy to see that the near-eye display device 100 further includes: a cover plate 30 bonded to the surface of the optical waveguide element 10, wherein the cover plate 30 and the optical waveguide element 10 are fixed together by an adhesive 32. The adhesive 32 may be an adhesive such as a UV adhesive, an AB adhesive, a double-sided adhesive, and the like, so as to ensure that the optical effective area of the optical waveguide element 10 is not affected by external dirt, and achieve the effects of dust prevention, water prevention, and the like. The cover plate 30 includes an upper cover plate 30a and a lower cover plate 30b, which are respectively attached to two surfaces of the optical waveguide element 10, the upper cover plate 30a and the lower cover plate 30b may be made of transparent materials such as glass and resin, and other characteristics may be added according to requirements, such as explosion-proof, fingerprint-proof, ultraviolet-proof, antifogging, hydrophobic, and vision correction characteristics.
Specifically, when the optical waveguide element 10 is packaged with the cover plate 30, an adhesive 32 is applied along the edge of the optical waveguide element 10 to form an adhesive region of the optical waveguide element 10 (e.g., a waveguide sheet), one cover plate 30 is respectively adhered to the upper and lower surfaces of the optical waveguide element 10, and an air gap is left between the other part of the upper cover plate 30a and the lower cover plate 30b and the optical waveguide element 10 except for the part adhered to the adhesive region of the optical waveguide element 10. The thickness t of the air gap between the cover plate 30 and the optical waveguide element 10 satisfies: t is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1mm. By adopting the packaging method, the appearance simplicity of the near-eye display equipment can be ensured, and more other characteristic requirements can be added under the condition of not influencing the display quality of the near-eye display equipment.
In summary, embodiments of the present invention provide an optical waveguide element, a method for constructing the same, and a near-eye display device, in which the method adjusts θ and Φ of a set initial optical waveguide element, and/or makes an incoupling reflective surface, a turning beam splitting surface array, and an outcoupling beam splitting surface array of the initial optical waveguide element rotate by an angle β in a vertical direction with respect to a fourth axis, so that when the constructed optical waveguide element is applied to the near-eye display device, requirements of different users on different viewing heights and angles of the near-eye device can be met; in this way, in the process of producing the near-eye display device, other structures of the near-eye display device, and the peripheral, frame, and the like of the optical waveguide element do not need to be changed; only in the process of producing the optical waveguide element, when the eye movement range of the set initial optical waveguide element is consistent with the position of the exit pupil center through simulation adjustment according to the position requirement (namely, the preset position) of the exit pupil center of a user, characteristic parameters required by constructing the optical waveguide element are determined, and the research and development cost and the production cost are low.
It should be noted that the above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, where the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; within the idea of the invention, also technical features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A method for constructing an optical waveguide element, the optical waveguide element comprising an incoupling reflective surface, a turning beam splitting surface array and an outcoupling beam splitting surface array, which are sequentially arranged according to a light propagation direction, wherein the turning beam splitting surface array is used for emitting an incident light after expanding a pupil in a first direction, and the outcoupling beam splitting surface array is used for emitting the light after expanding the pupil in the first direction and emitting the light after expanding the pupil in a second direction, the method comprising:
setting an initial optical waveguide element, acquiring the position of the center of an eye movement range of light rays emitted after the initial optical waveguide element two-dimensionally expands a pupil, and judging whether the position of the center of the eye movement range is consistent with a preset position;
if not, the axial direction of the intersection line of the coupling-in reflecting surface and the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element is taken as a first axial direction, the axial direction of the intersection line of the turning beam-splitting surface array and the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element is taken as a second axial direction, the axial direction of the intersection line of the coupling-out beam-splitting surface array and the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element is taken as a third axial direction, the included angle between the first axial direction and the second axial direction is theta, the included angle between the first axial direction and the third axial direction is phi, and the theta and phi of the initial optical waveguide element are adjusted, and/or the emergent direction of the light rays coupled out by the optical waveguide element is taken as a fourth axial direction, so that the coupling-in reflecting surface, the turning beam-splitting surface array and the coupling-out beam-splitting surface array of the initial optical waveguide element are vertically rotated by an angle beta relative to the fourth axial direction, and the position of the center of the eye movement range is consistent with a preset position, and a target optical waveguide element is obtained;
and acquiring characteristic parameters including beta and/or theta and phi of the target light wave element, and constructing the optical waveguide element according to the characteristic parameters.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting θ and φ of the optical waveguide element comprises: adjusting theta and phi of the initial optical waveguide element within a range of 20 DEG to 70 DEG under the condition that phi =180 DEG to 2 theta is satisfied.
3. The method of construction according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 0 ° < β < 360 °.
4. An optical waveguide component, characterized in that it is constructed using the construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The optical waveguide element according to claim 4,
the incoupling reflecting surface and the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element form an included angle alpha, wherein the alpha is more than 0 degree and less than 90 degrees.
6. The optical waveguide element according to claim 4,
the reflectance R1 of the coupling-in reflection surface is more than 95%.
7. The optical waveguide element according to claim 4,
the array of turning beam-splitting surfaces comprises at least two turning beam-splitting surfaces, the reflectivity of each turning beam-splitting surface increases along with the increase of the distance from the coupling-in reflecting surface,
the reflectivity R2 of the turning light splitting surface meets the following requirements: r2 is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 100%.
8. The optical waveguide element according to claim 4,
the coupling-out light-splitting surface array comprises at least two coupling-out light-splitting surfaces, the reflectivity of each coupling-out light-splitting surface is increased along with the increase of the distance from the turning light-splitting surface array,
the reflectance R3 of the coupling-out light splitting face satisfies: r3 is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 50%.
9. A near-eye display device, comprising:
an optical bench, and an optical waveguide element according to any of claims 4-8, the light entry side of the optical waveguide element being arranged at the light exit side of the optical bench,
the center of the eye movement range of the light emitted after passing through the two-dimensional pupil expansion of the optical waveguide element is consistent with the center of the optical waveguide element.
10. The near-eye display device of claim 9, further comprising:
and the cover plate is bonded on the surface of the optical waveguide element and is fixed with the optical waveguide element into a whole through an adhesive.
11. The near-eye display device of claim 10, further comprising:
the thickness t of the air gap between the cover plate and the optical waveguide element satisfies the following condition: t is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1mm.
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| EP3635456A4 (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2021-01-13 | Vuzix Corporation | Image light guide with expanded light distribution overlapping gratings |
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| CN212083824U (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-12-04 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Optical waveguide structure and head-mounted display device |
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