CN114280556A - Method and device for simulating air-shot bait - Google Patents
Method and device for simulating air-shot bait Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for simulating an aerial fire bait, wherein a receiving antenna receives a target radar signal; the microwave unit guides the target radar signal to be down-converted to an intermediate frequency through the frequency measurement unit to obtain an intermediate frequency signal; the frequency measurement unit is used for measuring the frequency of the received target radar signal; the main control unit controls the intermediate frequency signal processing unit to process the intermediate frequency signal to obtain a deception false target signal and an interference signal; the microwave unit up-converts the deception false target signal or the interference signal to the target radar frequency; the up-converted spoofed decoy or interfering signal is radiated through a transmitting antenna. The invention adopts a receiving and transmitting simultaneous mode, and realizes the technology of simulating the aerial fire bait in a mode of simulating the attack situation of the aerial fire bait in an equal ratio at a short distance by a tested radar.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an air-shot bait simulation method and device, and belongs to the technical field of air-shot baits.
Background
The Air-Launched bait (MALD) is a flying bait device with small volume, low cost, expandable function and disposable use, adopts an Air launching mode, deceives and disturbs the judgment of radar operators of enemy by simulating the radar signal of own fighters, the radar signal of bombers and the flying section, and leads the intercepting capability of an enemy Air defense system to be supersaturated, thereby effectively breaking through or suppressing the enemy Air defense system.
The air-jet bait is launched to force enemy ground radar to start up in advance before the arrival of the warfare aircraft at one party, or the enemy ground radar is induced to start up by approaching a sensitive target or concealing the radar, so that important information such as enemy air defense resource positions, characteristic signals and the like is exposed, tasks such as target confirmation, locking, attack and the like are completed by matching the warfare aircraft and an anti-radiation weapon, and the air-jet bait can provide interference capability in a defense area for an aerial electronic attack system. The MALD-J is an interference type air-jet bait, provides interference capability in a defense area for an air electronic attack system, and can deal with a preset target or an interference designated radar for a friend airplane in the defense area of an integrated enemy air defense system.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an air-shot bait simulation method and device, which adopt a simultaneous receiving and transmitting mode and realize the air-shot bait simulation technology by a mode of simulating the attack situation of the air-shot bait in an equal ratio at a short distance by a tested radar.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for simulating an empty fire bait, comprising:
receiving a target radar signal by a receiving antenna;
the microwave unit guides the target radar signal to be down-converted to an intermediate frequency through the frequency measurement unit to obtain an intermediate frequency signal;
the frequency measurement unit is used for measuring the frequency of the received target radar signal;
the main control unit controls the intermediate frequency signal processing unit to process the intermediate frequency signal to obtain a deception false target signal and an interference signal;
the microwave unit up-converts the deception false target signal or the interference signal to the target radar frequency;
the up-converted spoofed decoy or interfering signal is radiated through a transmitting antenna.
Preferentially, according to the target radar position, the main control unit reads the position attitude data of the adjusting rotor unmanned aerial vehicle in real time, and the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna point to the target radar in real time.
Preferentially, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit processes the intermediate frequency signal to obtain a spoofed decoy signal and an interference signal, and comprises:
the intermediate frequency signal processing unit performs distance modulation, Doppler modulation and amplitude modulation on the target echo signal to generate a target echo signal and a primary interference signal;
the intermediate frequency signal processing unit carries out digital up-conversion and DA conversion on the target echo signal to obtain a deception false target signal;
and the intermediate frequency signal processing unit carries out digital up-conversion and DA conversion on the primary interference signal to obtain an interference signal.
Preferably, the frequency measurement unit measures the frequency of the received target radar signal, and includes:
the frequency measurement unit receives a target radar signal, and the target radar signal firstly enters the front end of a broadband microwave channel in the frequency measurement unit;
the front end of the broadband microwave channel converts the received target radar signal with a large dynamic range into a measuring range required by an ultra-high speed sampling processing board in a frequency measurement unit;
and an ultra-high-speed sampling processing board in the frequency measurement unit samples the target radar signal in real time to generate related information including frequency codes and width-preserving pulses for subsequent guidance to generate deception false target signals.
Preferentially, when the frequency measurement unit measures the frequency of the target radar signal, the main control unit controls the microwave unit to generate a corresponding local oscillation signal;
the microwave unit passes through the frequency measurement unit guide with target radar signal down conversion to intermediate frequency, obtains intermediate frequency signal, includes:
after a received target radar signal passes through an amplitude limiter, a low noise amplifier and a numerical control attenuator ATT, the received target radar signal is subjected to frequency mixing with a local oscillator 1 with the frequency of 24-40 GHz through a 2-18 GHz switch filter bank, the frequency of the target radar signal after frequency mixing is converted to a frequency band of 22GHz +/-500 MHz, and then the target radar signal is subjected to frequency mixing with a local oscillator 2 with the frequency of 22.75GHz to obtain an intermediate frequency signal of 750MHz +/-500 MHz;
the intermediate frequency signal is filtered by 750MHz +/-500 MHz, passes through a two-stage amplifier and a 10dB fixed attenuator and is output to an intermediate frequency signal processing unit;
the microwave unit up-converts spoofed false target signals or interfering signals to a target radar frequency, comprising:
an up-conversion channel of the microwave unit filters deception false target signals or interference signals output by the intermediate frequency signal processing unit through a 750MHz +/-500 MHz filter in sequence and carries out frequency mixing with a local oscillator 2 with the frequency of 22.75GHz to obtain frequency band signals of 22GHz +/-500 MHz;
the frequency band signals of 22GHz +/-500 MHz are sequentially filtered by a 22GHz +/-500 MHz filter, mixed with a local oscillator 1 with the frequency of 24-40 GHz, up-converted to 2-18 GHz +/-500 MHz, filtered by an 18GHz low-pass filter bank, subjected to amplitude control by an amplifier and a two-stage numerical control attenuator ATT and then output, and up-conversion to the frequency of a target radar is realized.
Preferentially, receiving antenna, transmitting antenna, microwave unit, intermediate frequency signal processing unit, frequency measurement unit, main control unit, cloud platform, radio station and ground station, receiving antenna, transmitting antenna, microwave unit, intermediate frequency signal processing unit, frequency measurement unit and the equal fixed mounting of main control unit are on rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, and receiving antenna and transmitting antenna symmetric distribution.
Preferably, the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna are mounted with separated orthogonal polarizations, with the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna spaced 1.5m apart.
Preferentially, the main control unit comprises a PowerPC chip T2080 processor and an FPGA processor XC7K325T, an IFC port of the PowerPC chip T2080 processor is connected with an IO port of the FPGA processor XC7K325T, an SPI port of the PowerPC chip T2080 processor is connected with an SPI port of the FPGA processor XC7K325T, and a PCIE port of the PowerPC chip T2080 processor is connected with a PCIE port of the FPGA processor XC7K 325T.
Preferentially, the intermediate frequency processing unit comprises an FPGA processor, an ADC chip and a DAC chip, wherein the model of the FPGA processor is Xilinx Virtex UltraScale + series, the ADC chip is 6GSPS 12bit, and the DAC chip is 6GSPS 12 bit;
the down-conversion channel of the microwave unit comprises an amplitude limiter BW481, a low noise amplifier A460, an ATT numerical control attenuator NC13160C-120PD, a 2-18 GHz switch filter bank, a mixer MM1-1850H, a mixer MM1-0626H, a 750MHz +/-500 MHz filter, a middle power amplifier chip HMC-465 and a 10dB fixed attenuator, wherein the amplitude limiter BW481, the low noise amplifier A460, the ATT numerical control attenuator NC13160C-120PD, the 2-18 GHz switch filter bank, the mixer MM1-1850H, the mixer MM 1-6H, the 750MHz +/-500 MHz filter, the middle power amplifier chip HMC-465 and the 10dB fixed attenuator are sequentially connected and used for realizing down-conversion;
the up-conversion channel of the microwave unit comprises a 750MHz +/-500 MHz filter, mixers MM1-0626H, 22GHz +/-500 MHz filter, mixers MM1-1850H, 18GHz low-pass filter bank, an amplifier A465 and numerical control attenuators ATT NC13160C-120PD, the 750MHz +/-500 MHz filter, mixers MM1-0626H, 22GHz +/-500 MHz filter, mixers MM1-1850H, 18GHz low-pass filter bank, an amplifier A465 and numerical control attenuators ATT NC13160C-120PD which are connected in sequence.
Preferentially, the ultra-high-speed sampling processing board comprises a clock chip, a crystal oscillator chip, an ultra-high-speed ADC, an FPGA Virtex-7 Vx690T chip, an interface isolation chip, an ARM chip, a temperature measuring chip and a current measuring chip, wherein the FPGA Virtex-7 Vx690T chip is electrically connected with the clock chip, the ultra-high-speed ADC, the interface isolation chip and the ARM chip, the clock chip is electrically connected with the crystal oscillator chip, and the ARM chip is electrically connected with the temperature measuring chip and the current measuring chip.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects:
aiming at the lack of an effective simulation mode of the air-jet bait at present, the invention provides a technology for realizing the simulation of the air-jet bait by carrying a three-frequency-band target and an interference simulator through a rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, adopting a receiving and transmitting mode and adopting a mode of simulating the attack situation of the air-jet bait in an equal ratio at a short distance by a tested radar. According to the operation mode of the interference type air-jet bait, target simulation and interference simulation in the whole operation process of the air-jet bait are simulated, and the attack situation of the air-jet bait is simulated in an equal ratio mode by planning the air route of the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle.
The method can realistically simulate the whole combat process of the air-launched bait, fully check the real efficiency of the air-launched bait in the own air-launched system in the real battlefield environment, improve the comprehensive confrontation capacity of air-launched combat troops in the complex electromagnetic environment, and reduce the threat of MALD to the minimum. And rotor unmanned aerial vehicle convenient to use can repeat repetitious usage, low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an installation diagram of a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a master control unit in the present invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of an intermediate frequency signal processing unit;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an ultra high speed sample processing board in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of the down conversion of a microwave unit in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of the microwave unit up-conversion in the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the airborne bait simulation apparatus of the present invention.
In the drawing, the reference number, 1-antenna; 2-a tripod head; 3-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle.
Detailed Description
The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It should be noted that, if there is a directional indication (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back) in the embodiment of the present invention, it is only used to explain the relative position relationship and motion situation between the components in a certain posture, and if the certain posture is changed, the directional indication is changed accordingly.
According to the invention, the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle carries the three-frequency-band target and the interference simulator, and the radar of three different frequency bands can be tested simultaneously in a simultaneous receiving and transmitting mode, the flight path of the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle is planned to simulate the attack situation of the airborne bait in an equal ratio mode, and the three-frequency-band target and the interference simulator carried by the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle generate deception false target signals and interference signals according to the fighting mode of the airborne bait.
Aiming at the combat mode of the air-jet bait, the invention designs a rotor unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted target and interference simulator. The rotor unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a rotor unmanned aerial vehicle body, a receiving antenna, a transmitting antenna, a microwave unit, an intermediate frequency signal processing unit, a frequency measurement unit, a main control unit, a cradle head, a radio station and a ground station, wherein the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle body, the cradle head, the radio station and the ground station adopt existing mature equipment.
The target and interference simulator is provided with a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna which are installed in a split orthogonal polarization mode, wherein the receiving antenna is used for receiving a target radar signal, and the transmitting antenna is used for transmitting a modulated deception false target signal and an interference signal.
The target radar signal received by the receiving antenna is subjected to rapid frequency measurement through the frequency measurement unit, the main control unit is guided to control the microwave unit to generate a corresponding local oscillation signal, and meanwhile the microwave unit down-converts the received target radar signal to an intermediate frequency; according to different combat stages of the simulated air-jet bait, the main control unit controls the intermediate frequency signal processing unit to modulate and generate deception false target signals or interference signals on the basis of the intermediate frequency signals, and the deception false target signals or the interference signals are radiated through the transmitting antenna after the frequency is up-converted to the frequency of a target radar through the microwave unit.
The power module converts the voltage input by the battery into the voltage required by the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, the microwave unit, the intermediate frequency signal processing unit, the frequency measurement unit and the main control unit. The ground station is responsible for the control of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the control of the target and the interference simulator on the ground.
The receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna are the same, the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna are installed on two sides of the cloud deck at an interval of 1.5m in an orthogonal polarization mode, the main control unit reads position attitude data of the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle in real time in the test process, pointing calculation is carried out according to the position of the target radar, the calculated result is sent to the cloud deck, and the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna point to the direction of the target radar in real time. The receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna are mounted as shown in fig. 2.
The main control unit is a core control component of the whole air-jet bait simulation system, and the functional flow and the working mode of the system are operated by cooperatively controlling the subsystems. The main control unit receives a control instruction through a flight control link of the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, and completes on-off control, target simulation parameter setting, interference pattern setting and interference parameter setting; and realizing signal amplitude control, frequency conversion frequency synthesis control, output power control and the like; and meanwhile, the main control unit completes the information recording and data processing functions of system operation.
As shown in fig. 3, the main control unit adopts a PowerPC + FPGA architecture, and mainly includes 1 PowerPC chip T2080 processor and 1 kitex series FPGA processor XC7K325T of XILINX corporation. The PowerPC chip T2080 processor is connected with the FPGA processor through the SRIO 4X bus, and data transmission of different requirements in the whole air-jet bait simulation system is met. A PowerPC chip is loaded with a VxWorks operating system, and flexible configuration of the whole aerial fire bait simulation system is achieved. In addition, the board card realizes rich external interfaces by expanding the peripheral interface of the FPGA processor,
the main control unit also comprises an SRIO AWTCH chip, a memory SATA, an 88E1145 chip, an NCR FLASH chip, a DDR3L chip and a motherboard, wherein the SATA capacity of the memory is 128G, the NCR FLASH chip adopts 2 multiplied by 2Gb, the DDR3L chip adopts 64bit4GB,
the UART port of the processor of the PowerPC chip T2080 is connected with the DEBUG port of the motherboard through RS232, the SATA port of the processor of the PowerPC chip T2080 is connected with the SATA memory, the PCIE port of the processor of the PowerPC chip T2080 is connected with the P1 port of the motherboard, and the SRIO AWTCH chip is connected with the P1 port of the motherboard;
the SRIO port of the PowerPC chip T2080 processor is connected with an SRIO AWTCH chip, the SRIO port of the FPGA processor XC7K325T, the SGMII port of the PowerPC chip T2080 processor is connected with an 88E1145 chip, the 88E1145 chip is connected with an RJ45 port of a motherboard, the 88E1145 chip is connected with a P1 port of the motherboard, and the IFC port of the PowerPC chip T2080 processor is connected with an NCR FLASH chip;
the DDR3 port of the FPGA processor XC7K325T is connected with a DDR3L chip, the LVDS port of the FPGA processor XC7K325T is connected with the P1 port of the motherboard and the P2 port of the motherboard, and the GPIO port of the FPGA processor XC7K325T is connected with the P1 port of the motherboard and the P2 port of the motherboard through a level conversion chip.
Such as: 2 pairs of LVCOMS serial ports, UART, SPI, 34-bit GPIO interfaces, I2C, RS232 serial ports, TTL, LVDS24 and the like so as to meet the requirements of various controls of the whole air-jet bait simulation system.
The intermediate frequency signal processing unit performs distance modulation, Doppler modulation and amplitude modulation on the target echo signal to generate a target echo signal and a primary interference signal; the intermediate frequency signal processing unit carries out digital up-conversion and DA conversion on the target echo signal to obtain a deception false target signal; and the intermediate frequency signal processing unit carries out digital up-conversion and DA conversion on the primary interference signal to obtain an interference signal.
As shown in fig. 4, the intermediate frequency processing unit adopts Xilinx Virtex UltraScale + series of FPGA processor, a 6GSPS 12bit ADC chip and a 6GSPS 12bit DAC chip, and the FPGA processor is interconnected with the ADC chip and the DAC chip data interface to realize signal acquisition and playing; in addition, a group of high-capacity dynamic memories DDR4 are externally hung on the FPGA processor to realize the storage and processing of various target radar signals; the integrated circuit board is internally provided with a clock management chip with the model of LMK04828, generates an A/D and D/A sampling clock 6.4GHz according to the clock management chip or an external reference clock, and simultaneously provides a 100MHz reference clock signal required by the FPGA processor. The model of the FPGA processor is XCVU9P, and the clock management chip is electrically connected with the FPGA processor, the ADC chip and the DAC chip.
The frequency measurement unit receives a target radar signal input from the outside, the target radar signal firstly enters the front end of a broadband microwave channel of the frequency measurement unit, and the front end of the broadband microwave channel has the main function of converting the received target radar signal with a large dynamic range into a range required by a sampling module of the ultra-high speed sampling processing board. The ultrahigh-speed sampling processing board has the main functions of directly sampling a target radar signal, completing quick real-time measurement of the target radar signal by means of a high-efficiency and quick digital signal processing algorithm and a high-speed real-time signal processing hardware platform, and generating related information such as frequency codes, width-preserving pulses and the like for subsequent guidance to generate deception false target signals.
As shown in fig. 5, the ultra-high speed sampling processing board includes a clock chip, a crystal oscillator chip, an ultra-high speed ADC, an FPGA Virtex-7 Vx690T chip, an interface isolation chip, an ARM chip, a temperature measurement chip, and a current measurement chip, the FPGA Virtex-7 Vx690T chip is electrically connected to the clock chip, the ultra-high speed ADC, the interface isolation chip, and the ARM chip, the clock chip is electrically connected to the crystal oscillator chip, and the ARM chip is electrically connected to the temperature measurement chip and the current measurement chip.
The microwave unit realizes up-down frequency conversion of target radar signals and is used for generating corresponding clock and local oscillation signals. The main function of the down conversion is to pass a received target radar signal through an amplitude limiter, a low noise amplifier and a numerical control attenuator ATT, then pass through a 2-18 GHz switch filter bank and perform frequency mixing with a local oscillator 1 with the frequency of 24-40 GHz, convert the frequency-mixed target radar signal into a frequency band of 22GHz +/-500 MHz, and then perform frequency mixing with a local oscillator 2 with the frequency of 22.75GHz to obtain an intermediate frequency signal of 750MHz +/-500 MHz, in order to prevent the intermediate frequency signal processing unit from being damaged due to the overlarge power of a down conversion output signal, the down-converted intermediate frequency signal passes through a 10dB fixed attenuator after passing through a 750MHz +/-500 MHz filter and a two-stage amplifier and then is output to the intermediate frequency signal processing unit.
As shown in FIG. 6, the down-conversion channel comprises a limiter BW481, a low noise amplifier A460, a numerical control attenuator ATT NC13160C-120PD, a 2-18 GHz switch filter bank, mixers MM1-1850H, mixers MM1-0626H, a 750MHz +/-500 MHz filter, a middle power amplifier chip HMC-465 and a 10dB fixed attenuator.
The up-conversion channel has the main functions that 750MHz +/-500 MHz intermediate frequency signals output by the intermediate frequency processing unit are firstly mixed with a local oscillator 2 with the frequency of 22.75GHz to obtain 22GHz +/-500 MHz frequency band signals, the 22GHz +/-500 MHz frequency band signals are filtered by a 22GHz +/-500 MHz filter and then mixed with a local oscillator 1 with the frequency of 24-40 GHz, finally, the intermediate frequency signals output by the intermediate frequency signal processing unit are up-converted to 2-18 GHz +/-500 MHz, the up-converted signals are filtered by an 18GHz low-pass filter bank, and the signals are output after being subjected to amplitude control by an amplifier and a two-stage numerical control Attenuator (ATT).
As shown in FIG. 7, the up-conversion channels include 750MHz + -500 MHz filters, mixers MM1-0626H, 22GHz + -500 MHz filters, mixers MM1-1850H, 18GHz low pass filter banks, amplifier A465, and digitally controlled Attenuators (ATT) NC13160C-120 PD.
The invention also has the following characteristics:
1. in the test process, the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna are required to be ensured to point to the direction of the target radar in real time. In order to point to the target radar in real time, the direction of a receiving antenna and the direction of a transmitting antenna are controlled according to a planned air route in advance by installing a holder, and the real-time direction can also be controlled according to external guide data;
2. the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna are installed in an orthogonal polarization mode at an interval of 1.5 meters, the requirement of the receiving and transmitting isolation is met, a receiving and transmitting simultaneous mode can be adopted for target simulation and interference simulation, and the target simulation and the interference simulation are more vivid and better in effect;
3. the invention adopts an equal ratio simulation mode, and adopts an equal ratio simulation mode in a short distance of the target radar to realize the simulation of flight path and power, thereby reducing the requirement on the output power of the invention;
4. the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle can be repeatedly used for many times, is favorable for repeated verification tests, is convenient to maintain, has low requirements on test guarantee and is low in price;
5. the invention adopts three independent channels, realizes the test aiming at the S-band radar, the C-band radar and the X-band radar at the same time by the unified control of the main control unit, and meets the requirement of the multi-band radar on the simultaneous detection test
Rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, cloud platform, radio station and ground satellite station adopt current ripe equipment, and the model that above-mentioned part can adopt in prior art is many, and suitable model can be selected for use according to actual demand to technical staff in the field, and this embodiment is no longer one by one for the example.
Aiming at the lack of an effective simulation mode of the air-jet bait at present, the invention provides a technology for realizing the simulation of the air-jet bait by carrying a three-frequency-band target and an interference simulator through a rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, adopting a receiving and transmitting mode and adopting a mode of simulating the attack situation of the air-jet bait in an equal ratio at a short distance by a tested radar. According to the operation mode of the interference type air-jet bait, target simulation and interference simulation in the whole operation process of the air-jet bait are simulated, and the attack situation of the air-jet bait is simulated in an equal ratio mode by planning the air route of the rotor unmanned aerial vehicle.
The method can realistically simulate the whole combat process of the air-launched bait, fully check the real efficiency of the air-launched bait in the own air-launched system in the real battlefield environment, improve the comprehensive confrontation capacity of air-launched combat troops in the complex electromagnetic environment, and reduce the threat of MALD to the minimum. And rotor unmanned aerial vehicle convenient to use can repeat repetitious usage, low cost.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN114755638A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-15 | 扬州宇安电子科技有限公司 | Target protection system and method with angle deception function |
| CN114755638B (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-11-11 | 扬州宇安电子科技有限公司 | Target protection system and method with angle deception function |
| CN115542252A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-12-30 | 扬州宇安电子科技有限公司 | Device for realizing radar main lobe target simulation and interference based on ground-air union |
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