CN114280550B - Canonical correlation separation-based main lobe interference suppression method and device - Google Patents
Canonical correlation separation-based main lobe interference suppression method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for separating main lobe interference suppression based on canonical correlation, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a radar echo signal; taking a radar emission signal as a reference, and carrying out first canonical correlation separation on the echo signal; performing pulse pressure processing on the result of the first canonical correlation separation to obtain a first pulse pressure result; performing second canonical correlation separation on the echo signal according to the first pulse pressure result; and performing pulse pressure processing on the result of the second canonical correlation separation to obtain the target position. The invention utilizes the better correlation between the echo signal and the known transmitting signal, and realizes good separation effect on the target signal and the interference signal in the echo signal by the twice canonical correlation separation method, thereby improving the anti-interference characteristic.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar signal processing, and particularly relates to a method and a device for separating main lobe interference suppression based on canonical correlation.
Background
With the continuous development of radar interference technology, especially the appearance and development of Digital Radio Frequency Memory (DRFM), the kind of interference has been greatly expanded. The DRFM can form interference signals containing part of the radar transmission signals by modulating and forwarding the intercepted radar transmission signals, and the interference signals can smoothly pass through pulse pressure due to the characteristics of part of the transmission signals at a radar receiver, so that corresponding peak values can be formed at positions corresponding to interference, and therefore the effects of interference and deception are achieved, and the effective detection of the radar on a target is reduced. And because the energy of the interference is greater than the energy of the target signal, at this time, after the pulse pressure, the peak value of the target is usually covered by the interference, and the radar misjudges the interference as the target, and cannot detect and track the real target.
At present, common interference types include intermittent sampling forwarding interference, which can be divided into direct forwarding interference and repeated forwarding interference, which are directly forwarded out of an intercepted signal, and in addition, certain modulation is performed on the intercepted signal and then the signal is forwarded out, such as noise convolution interference, which is to convolve the intercepted signal with noise and then send the signal to a radar receiver, and this kind of interference is also referred to as smart interference.
The conventional anti-interference technology mainly comprises the technologies of waveform agility among pulses, pulse masking, frequency agility and the like which cannot effectively resist the interference, the methods are generally only suitable for the interference of pulse forwarding, and the common intermittent sampling forwarding interference and the common noise convolution interference are both the interference machine which intercepts and rapidly forwards the signal of the radar and generally appear in a pulse repetition period, so that the conventional anti-interference method cannot be suitable for the conventional interference signal.
At present, the intermittent sampling interference is effectively inhibited by an intra-pulse frequency coding mode, but the method cannot inhibit the noise convolution interference; in addition, the method needs to adopt a segmented pulse pressure mode at the receiving end, which greatly increases the cost of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for separating main lobe interference suppression based on canonical correlation. The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the present invention provides a method for separating mainlobe interference suppression based on canonical correlation, including:
acquiring a radar echo signal;
taking a radar emission signal as a reference, and carrying out first canonical correlation separation on the echo signal;
performing pulse pressure processing on the result of the first canonical correlation separation to obtain a first pulse pressure result;
performing second canonical correlation separation on the echo signal according to the first pulse pressure result;
and performing pulse pressure processing on the result of the second canonical correlation separation to obtain the target position.
In one embodiment of the invention, the echo signal is represented as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing the radar echo signal received by the mth receiving array element,
is indicative of an interfering signal or signals,
a representation of the echo signal of the target,
indicating white gaussian noise on the mth receive channel, d indicating array element spacing,
which represents the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source,
and
representing the angle at which the target and the disturbance are located, respectively.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first canonical correlation separation is performed on the echo signal with reference to a radar transmission signal, and includes:
taking all echo signals as a group of signals Y and taking known radar emission signals as another group of signals X;
respectively calculating an autocorrelation matrix and a cross-correlation matrix of the signal X and the signal Y;
order:
wherein cov (X,X)、cov(Y,Y) Autocorrelation matrices representing the signals X and Y, respectively, cov: (X,Y)、cov(Y,X) A cross-correlation matrix representing signal X and signal Y, respectively;
performing characteristic decomposition on the M to obtain a characteristic vector and a corresponding characteristic value;
and multiplying the echo signal by the characteristic vector serving as a canonical correlation coefficient to obtain a first canonical correlation separation result.
In an embodiment of the invention, the pulse pressure processing the result of the first canonical correlation separation to obtain a first pulse pressure result includes:
taking a first group of data in the result of the first canonical correlation separation, and carrying out pulse pressure by using the group of data and a radar transmitting signal to obtain a first pulse pressure result, wherein the expression is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a first set of data in the result representing a first canonical correlation split,
the result of the first pulse pressure is shown,
is the transfer function of the matched filter and,
representing a fourier transform.
In an embodiment of the present invention, performing a second canonical correlation separation on the echo signal according to the first pulse pressure result includes:
adjusting the pulse position in the radar transmitting signal according to the first pulse pressure result to obtain a plurality of adjusted transmitting signals;
and respectively carrying out second canonical correlation separation on the echo signals by using the adjusted transmitting signals, and selecting a group with the maximum relation number in each transmitting signal as a result of the second canonical correlation separation.
In one embodiment of the invention, adjusting the pulse position in the radar transmission signal according to the first pulse pressure result comprises:
and selecting a plurality of larger data points from the first pulse pressure result, and changing the pulse position in the radar transmitting signal by using the positions of the selected data points respectively to obtain a plurality of adjusted transmitting signals.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the pulse pressure processing the result of the second canonical correlation separation to obtain the target location includes:
and taking a first group of data in the result of the second canonical correlation separation, and carrying out pulse pressure on the radar transmitting signal by using the first group of data to obtain the position of the peak value, namely the target position.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides an apparatus for separating mainlobe interference suppression based on canonical correlation, including:
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a radar echo signal comprising an interference signal;
the first separation module is used for performing first canonical correlation separation on the echo signal by taking a radar emission signal as a reference;
the first pulse pressure module is used for carrying out pulse pressure processing on the result of the first canonical correlation separation to obtain a first pulse pressure result;
the second separation module is used for carrying out second canonical correlation separation on the echo signal according to the first pulse pressure result;
and the second pulse pressure module is used for carrying out pulse pressure processing on the result of the second canonical correlation separation to obtain the target position.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, by utilizing the good correlation between the echo signal and the known transmitting signal, a good separation effect can be realized on the intermittent sampling interference signal and the noise convolution interference signal in the echo signal by the twice canonical correlation separation method, so that the anti-interference characteristic is improved;
2. the invention adopts the canonical correlation separation process with small computation amount, low system complexity and low realization cost;
3. the invention can directly adopt the receiving array element of the phased array on hardware, and can realize the main lobe interference suppression without introducing extra hardware cost.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for suppressing mainlobe interference based on canonical correlation separation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of exemplary correlation separation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another method for suppressing mainlobe interference based on canonical correlation separation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the result of pulse pressure of radar echo including target echo and intermittent sampling and forwarding interference received by a conventional PC radar;
fig. 5a-5d are results of processing radar echoes including target echoes and intermittent sampling forwarding interference by using the multi-array element receiving method of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the pulse pressure of the radar echo containing the target echo and the noise convolution interference received by the conventional PC radar;
FIGS. 7a to 7d are the results of pulse pressure of radar echoes including target echoes and noise convolution interference by using the multi-array element receiving method of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for suppressing mainlobe interference based on canonical correlation separation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description will be made on the method for suppressing mainlobe interference based on canonical correlation separation according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The foregoing and other technical matters, features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings. The technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined purpose can be more deeply and specifically understood through the description of the specific embodiments, however, the attached drawings are provided for reference and description only and are not used for limiting the technical scheme of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for suppressing mainlobe interference based on canonical correlation separation according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes:
step 1: and acquiring a radar echo signal.
In this embodiment, a plurality of receiving channels are used to receive echo data of a radar signal, where the echo signal includes a target echo signal and an interference signal.
Specifically, the transmitting signal of the radar adopts a linear frequency modulation signal, and the expression is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
here, the first and second liquid crystal display panels are,
in order to be the pulse width of the pulse,
is the pulse duration.
The echo received by the radar receiver from the target is a complete transmitted signal, which can be expressed as:
Further, the interference signal adopts intermittent sampling interference and noise convolution interference. The intermittent sampling interference can be expressed as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing the time for the jammer to acquire the delayed retransmission of the radar transmission signal,
representing the time of each segment of the jammer sample,
indicating the starting sampling instant of the segment of forwarded interference relative to the radar transmitted signal.
The noise convolution disturbance can be expressed as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
being white gaussian noise, the final interference present at which range bins is determined primarily by the length of the convolved noise.
Specifically, M receiving arrays are setElements, i.e. M receiving channels, with an array element spacing of
Then, the signal received by the mth receiving array element is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing the interfering signal that is retransmitted by the jammer,
a representation of the echo signal of the target,
indicating white gaussian noise on the mth receive channel, d indicating array element spacing,
which represents the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source,
and
respectively representing the angle at which the target and the disturbance are located.
Because the correlation of the interference is not higher than that of a complete echo reflected back by a target compared with an original radar transmission signal, no matter the interference is intermittent sampling forwarding interference or noise convolution interference, the embodiment can realize a better separation effect by utilizing the correlation of an echo signal and a known transmission signal.
Step 2: and taking the radar emission signal as a reference, and carrying out first canonical correlation separation on the echo signal.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flow chart of exemplary correlation separation according to an embodiment of the invention.
First, all the echo signals are taken as one set of signals Y, and the known radar transmission signals are taken as another set of signals X. Here the Y dimension is determined by the number of samples and channels, X is just a vector, and then the first canonical correlation separation is performed.
The purpose of canonical correlation separation (CCA) is to find a set of coefficientsa，bCan make
And
is maximized, then
It can be regarded as a result of the separation of the canonical correlation, and the information of the target echo is mainly contained in the canonical correlation.
Specifically, the calculation process is as follows:
firstly, respectively calculating an autocorrelation matrix and a cross-correlation matrix of a signal X and a signal Y;
and then ordering:
wherein cov (X,X)、cov(Y,Y) Autocorrelation matrices representing the signals X and Y, respectively, cov: (X,Y)、cov(Y,X) A cross-correlation matrix representing signal X and signal Y, respectively;
then, carrying out feature decomposition on the M to obtain a feature vector V and a corresponding feature value D;
and finally, taking the characteristic vector as a canonical correlation coefficient, and multiplying the canonical correlation coefficient by the echo signal to obtain a first canonical correlation separation result.
In the present embodiment, the main calculationb’Therefore only need toCarrying out eigenvalue decomposition on M; then sorting the eigenvalues from large to small, then taking the maximum eigenvalue, namely the correlation coefficient of the separated first group of data and the transmitted signal, and the eigenvector corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue is the eigenvector to be obtainedb’Then at this time
I.e. the linear combination of the received channel data with the highest known correlation to the transmitted signal. In addition, in the process of performing canonical correlation separation, output is also generated
As a correlation coefficient for evaluating the separation effect.
The main operation amount of the canonical correlation separation process adopted by the embodiment is to solve the covariance matrix and the autocorrelation matrix of the sampled signal and to invert an M-dimensional matrix, where M is the number of receiving channels, and the operation amount is small, so that the complexity of the system can be reduced, and the cost can be saved.
And step 3: and carrying out pulse pressure processing on the result of the first canonical correlation separation to obtain a first pulse pressure result.
Specifically, the first group of data in the first separation result is taken and recorded as
The group of data is the group with the maximum correlation with the transmitting signal, the group of signals and the known transmitting signal are used for pulse pressure, and the pulse pressure result is recorded as
Then, there are:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is a matched filterThe transfer function of the wave filter, which is known as the inverse of the conjugate of the transmitted signal,
representing a fourier transform.
And 4, step 4: and performing second canonical correlation separation on the echo signal according to the first pulse pressure result.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart of another exemplary method for suppressing mainlobe interference based on canonical correlation separation according to an embodiment of the present invention. The radar emission signal needs to be adjusted before the second canonical correlation separation is performed.
Firstly, adjusting the pulse position in the radar transmitting signal according to the first pulse pressure result to obtain a plurality of adjusted transmitting signals.
Specifically, a plurality of larger data points can be selected from the first pulse pressure result, and the pulse position in the radar transmitting signal is changed by using the positions of the selected data points, so as to obtain a plurality of adjusted transmitting signals.
And then, performing second canonical correlation separation on the echo signals by using the adjusted transmitting signals respectively, and selecting a group with the maximum relation number in each transmitting signal as a result of the second canonical correlation separation.
For example, the maximum 50 values can be selected according to the result of the first pulse pressure, then the positions of the pulses in the transmitted signals are changed according to the positions of the 50 points, and then the second canonical correlation separation is performed with the received signals of all the channels, so as to obtain 50 groups of data of each channel correspondingly.
In this embodiment, the method of the second canonical correlation separation is the same as the method of the first canonical correlation separation, and is not described in detail here.
And selecting one group with the maximum number of relations in each group of channels from the second separation results of all the channels as the second separation result, so as to obtain the second canonical correlation separation result of the multiple channels, wherein the corresponding channel with the maximum number of relations is the position of the target.
And 5: and performing pulse pressure processing on the result of the second canonical correlation separation to obtain the target position.
Specifically, a first group of data in the result of the second canonical correlation separation is taken, and pulse pressure is performed on the radar transmitting signal by using the first group of data to obtain the position of the peak value, namely the target position. See step 3 for a specific pulse pressure method.
Therefore, the separation of the target signals in the echo signals is realized, and a better separation effect is achieved.
In the embodiment, by utilizing the better correlation between the echo signal and the known transmitting signal, a good separation effect can be realized on the intermittent sampling interference signal and the suppression noise convolution interference signal in the echo signal by the canonical correlation separation method, so that the anti-interference characteristic is improved; in addition, the calculation amount of the canonical correlation separation process adopted by the embodiment is small, the complexity of the system is low, and the implementation cost is low.
In addition, the receiving array elements of the phased array can be directly adopted in hardware, and the main lobe interference suppression can be realized without introducing extra hardware cost.
Example two
In order to further verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, a comparative description is made below through simulation experiments.
1. The experimental conditions are as follows:
the interference signals adopted in the experiment are intermittent sampling forwarding interference and noise convolution interference. The number of points sampled at each time of intermittent sampling forwarding interference is 1/4 of a pulse, and the points are assumed to be forwarded before and after the target. The noise convolution interference is formed by convolving the whole radar transmitting signal with Gaussian white noise. Other relevant parameters are shown in table 1.
2. And (3) analyzing the experimental content and the result:
experiment one: the method and the traditional PC radar are adopted to process the received radar echo containing the target echo and the intermittent sampling forwarding interference.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 shows the result of pulse pressure of radar echoes including target echoes and intermittent sampling forwarding interference received by a conventional PC radar; from this result, it can be seen that the peak after the target pulse pressure is almost negligible compared to the disturbance.
Referring to fig. 5a-5d, fig. 5a-5d are results of processing radar echoes including target echoes and intermittent sampling forwarding interference by using the multi-array element receiving method of the present invention; fig. 5a shows the result after the multi-array element reception and the first canonical correlation separation, as can be seen from the first group of data of the first separation result, the target envelope is not obvious in the separation result at this time, but the interference is not obvious in the separation result at this time, and as can be seen from fig. 5b, the peak value can be seen at the target already after the pulse pressure is applied to this data. The result after the second separation is shown in fig. 5c, the envelope of the target echo can be obviously seen from the separation result, and the result after the pulse pressure is applied to the data is shown in fig. 5d, it can be seen that the peak value after the target pulse pressure is more obvious, and the improvement is about 9dB compared with the result of the pulse pressure after the first CCA.
Experiment two: the method and the traditional PC radar are adopted to process the received radar echo containing the target echo and the noise convolution interference.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 shows the result of pulse pressure of radar echo containing echo and noise convolution interference received by the conventional PC radar, from which it can be seen that the result of pulse pressure of interference has completely covered the result of target.
Referring to fig. 7a to 7d, fig. 7a to 7d are results of pulse pressure of radar echoes including target echoes and noise convolution interference by using the multi-array element receiving method of the present invention; FIG. 7a is a result of a first canonical correlation separation for data of all receiving array elements of a radar with a radar transmission signal as a reference for noise convolution interference; FIG. 7b is the result after pulse pressing the first separation result; FIG. 7c is a set of canonical correlation separation results, which are obtained by selecting the maximum 50 values for the first pulse pressure separation result, then changing the positions of the pulses in the known transmitted signal according to the values, and after canonical correlation separation, obtaining the maximum correlation coefficient; FIG. 7d is the result after pulsing the first set of signals in the second separation; it can be seen from fig. 7b and 7d that the result of separating the pulse pressure for the first time is better than that of the intermittent sampling forward interference, because the interference after noise convolution is lower in correlation with the transmitted signal than that of the intermittent sampling forward interference, so that the separation result is better. The pulse pressure after the second CCA was also 5dB higher than the pulse pressure after the first CCA.
From the above analysis, the method for suppressing the mainlobe interference based on canonical correlation separation provided by the present embodiment can well combat the intermittent sampling forwarding interference and the noise convolution interference.
EXAMPLE III
On the basis of the first embodiment, the present embodiment provides an apparatus for separating main lobe interference suppression based on canonical correlation. Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for suppressing main lobe interference based on canonical correlation separation according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes:
the signal acquisition module 1 is used for acquiring a radar echo signal including an interference signal;
the first separation module 2 is used for performing first canonical correlation separation on the echo signal by taking a radar emission signal as a reference;
the first pulse pressure module 3 is used for performing pulse pressure processing on the result of the first canonical correlation separation to obtain a first pulse pressure result;
the second separation module 4 is used for performing second canonical correlation separation on the echo signal according to the first pulse pressure result;
and the second pulse pressure module 5 is used for performing pulse pressure processing on the result of the second canonical correlation separation to obtain the target position.
The apparatus provided in this embodiment may implement the method for separating mainlobe interference suppression based on canonical correlation provided in the first embodiment, and details are given in the first embodiment and will not be described herein again.
Therefore, the device provided by the embodiment can realize the suppression of different interference signals at lower cost.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for separating mainlobe interference suppression based on canonical correlation, comprising:
acquiring a radar echo signal; wherein the echo signal is represented as:
wherein r ism(t) denotes the radar echo signal received by the mth receiving array element, sj(t) represents an interference signal, st(t) represents a target echo signal, sn(t) Gaussian white noise on the mth receiving channel, d array element spacing, and lambda0Denotes the wavelength, [ theta ]tAnd thetajRespectively representing the angle of the target and the interference;
taking a radar emission signal as a reference, and carrying out first canonical correlation separation on the echo signal;
performing pulse pressure processing on the result of the first canonical correlation separation to obtain a first pulse pressure result;
performing second canonical correlation separation on the echo signal according to the first pulse pressure result;
and performing pulse pressure processing on the result of the second canonical correlation separation to obtain the target position.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first canonical correlation separation of the echo signal with reference to a radar emission signal comprises:
taking all echo signals as a group of signals Y and taking known radar emission signals as another group of signals X;
respectively calculating an autocorrelation matrix and a cross-correlation matrix of the signal X and the signal Y;
order: l-cov-1(X,X)cov(X,Y)cov-1(Y,Y)cov(Y,X)
M＝cov-1(Y,Y)cov(Y,X)cov-1(X,X)cov(X,Y)
Wherein cov (X, X) and cov (Y, Y) represent autocorrelation matrices of the signal X and the signal Y, respectively, and cov (X, Y) and cov (Y, X) represent cross-correlation matrices of the signal X and the signal Y, respectively;
performing characteristic decomposition on the M to obtain a characteristic vector and a corresponding characteristic value;
and multiplying the echo signal by the characteristic vector serving as a canonical correlation coefficient to obtain a first canonical correlation separation result.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulse pressure processing the first canonical correlation separation result to obtain a first pulse pressure result comprises:
taking a first group of data in the result of the first canonical correlation separation, and carrying out pulse pressure by using the group of data and a radar transmitting signal to obtain a first pulse pressure result, wherein the expression is as follows:
s2(t)＝ifft(fft(s1(t))×fft(s*(-t)))
wherein s is1(t) represents a first set of data, s, in the result of the first canonical correlation separation2(t) shows the first pulse pressure result, s*(-t) is the transfer function of the matched filter, fft (. -) represents the Fourier transform.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein performing a second canonical correlation separation on the echo signal according to the first pulse pressure result comprises:
adjusting the pulse position in the radar transmitting signal according to the first pulse pressure result to obtain a plurality of adjusted transmitting signals;
and respectively carrying out second canonical correlation separation on the echo signals by using the adjusted transmitting signals, and selecting a group with the maximum relation number in each transmitting signal as a result of the second canonical correlation separation.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein adjusting pulse positions in a radar-transmitted signal according to the first pulse pressure result comprises:
and selecting a plurality of larger data points from the first pulse pressure result, and changing the pulse position in the radar transmitting signal by using the positions of the selected data points respectively to obtain a plurality of adjusted transmitting signals.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulse pressure processing of the second canonical correlation separation result to obtain the target location comprises:
and taking a first group of data in the result of the second canonical correlation separation, and carrying out pulse pressure on the radar transmitting signal by using the first group of data to obtain the position of the peak value, namely the target position.
7. An apparatus for separating mainlobe interference mitigation based on canonical correlation, comprising:
the signal acquisition module (1) is used for acquiring radar echo signals; wherein the echo signal is represented as:
wherein r ism(t) represents the mth connectionRadar echo signal s received by array elementj(t) represents an interference signal, st(t) represents a target echo signal, sn(t) denotes white Gaussian noise on the m-th reception channel, d denotes array element spacing, λ0Denotes the wavelength, [ theta ]tAnd thetajRespectively representing the angle of the target and the interference;
the first separation module (2) is used for carrying out first canonical correlation separation on the echo signal by taking a radar emission signal as a reference;
the first pulse pressure module (3) is used for carrying out pulse pressure processing on the result of the first canonical correlation separation to obtain a first pulse pressure result;
the second separation module (4) is used for carrying out second canonical correlation separation on the echo signal according to the first pulse pressure result;
and the second pulse pressure module (5) is used for carrying out pulse pressure processing on the result of the second canonical correlation separation to obtain the target position.
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