CN114280101A - Combustion wave velocity detection device and method of temperature response variable resistance mechanism - Google Patents
Combustion wave velocity detection device and method of temperature response variable resistance mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN114280101A CN114280101A CN202011041214.5A CN202011041214A CN114280101A CN 114280101 A CN114280101 A CN 114280101A CN 202011041214 A CN202011041214 A CN 202011041214A CN 114280101 A CN114280101 A CN 114280101A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a real-time monitoring device and a real-time monitoring method for the combustion wave spreading speed of solid combustion substances. The resistance wire is arranged in a twisted pair mode, the resistance wire is coated with an insulating layer which can lose efficacy at high temperature, the resistance wire is connected with the input end of a constant current/constant voltage power supply through a lead, and the output end of the constant current/constant voltage power supply is connected with the paperless recorder. The invention can detect and record the combustion wave spreading speed in the combustion process of the solid combustion object in real time. The invention has simple structure and safe and accurate detection process. The invention is suitable for detecting the spreading speed of the combustion wave with solid combustion objects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of detection, and particularly relates to a combustion wave velocity detection device and method of a temperature response variable resistance mechanism.
Background
In the technical field of combustion synthesis process, etc. in order to accurately control the speed of combustion reaction and study the change rule of the combustion process, the characteristics of combustion waves formed by combustion generally need to be studied. Because, at high temperatures, especially temperatures in excess of 1800 degrees celsius, the combustion zone will emit white light, it is difficult to discern changes in the high temperature combustion wave. As early as 1994, patent CN2167986Y was filed by fountains et al, and by arranging an optical camera and a time generator outside a self-propagating high-temperature synthesis device and arranging a quartz window at a position corresponding to a reaction chamber, after a high-temperature reaction is ignited, images of a high-temperature reaction region are collected by the camera, so as to obtain characteristic parameters of combustion temperature, combustion wave and the like of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. In addition, other patents or documents describe that the propagation rate of the combustion process can be measured by using an infrared camera observation means, but the optical detection means is difficult to measure the real combustion speed in the combustion area because the surface combustion state and the internal combustion state of partial combustion objects are greatly or completely different, so that the optical detection method has certain limitation. Patent CN102279250A applied in 2011 by Han super et al of national defense science and technology university discloses a method for measuring the burning rate of a solid propellant, wherein a thermocouple is buried in the solid propellant, burning data is acquired through the thermocouple, the burning wave temperature of the solid propellant and the pressure from ignition to complete burning are obtained, and the relevant time is calculated, so that a burning rate formula is obtained through a differential equation. This patent arranges the thermocouple through the fixed point and obtains the inside arbitrary moment burning of solid burning thing and stretch information such as position and burning speed, nevertheless because the thermocouple is buried the fixed position back underground, only when burning ripples through the buried point of hot spot couple, the moment of response can only be known through the response of temperature, the average speed of propagation that the rethread calculated burning ripples propagated to the thermocouple buried point is calculated to holistic solid propellant's length, it is thus visible, this kind of mode of testing the speed can only calculate average burning speed, for the great solid material of length, when taking place the burning, can't the real-time burning speed of accurate measurement.
In order to accurately and real-timely acquire the speed of the combustion wave in the combustion area, the invention researches a combustion wave speed detection device and method of a temperature response variable resistance mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the deficiency of the existing combustion wave velocity detection means, the invention aims to provide a combustion wave velocity real-time monitoring device and a method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a combustion wave velocity real-time monitoring device comprises a combustion area resistance wire 1, an external lead, a constant current/constant voltage power supply 2 and a paperless recorder 3. The resistance wires in the combustion area are arranged in a twisted pair, two wires are communicated at one end of the twisted pair, two resistance wire joints are separated from the other end of the twisted pair and are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the constant-current/constant-voltage power supply through the external lead to form a complete circuit loop, and the paperless recorder is connected with the constant-current/constant-voltage power supply to record the current and voltage change value of the paperless recorder in real time.
The resistance wire in the combustion area is provided with an insulating layer, so that the resistance wire is not interfered by the external environment under the condition of non-combustion, and the insulating layer is not damaged under the condition that combustion waves do not pass through.
Two wires of the twisted pair of resistance wires in the combustion area are tightly wound, and when the twisted pair of resistance wires is subjected to combustion waves, the front ends of the two resistance wires are ablated to form a new conduction point.
Further, the thickness of the insulating layer of the resistance wire in the combustion area is 0.001-1 mm.
The insulating layer of the resistance wire in the combustion area is made of organic polymer materials, and preferably made of polymer insulating materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride and polycarbonate.
The material of the resistance wire (1) in the combustion area is a metal material, preferably constantan 6J11 or Cr30Ni 70.
Furthermore, because the combustion wave has a preheating process to unburned materials in the propagation process, if the heat-resistant temperature of the insulating layer of the resistance wire in the combustion area is too low, the insulating layer is easy to damage in the preheating stage, so that the arrival time of the test result is earlier than that of the actual combustion wave, and therefore, according to different combustion temperature intervals in the combustion area, the selection of the proper material composition of the insulating layer of the resistance wire is of great importance.
The combustion wave velocity real-time monitoring device can control the delay time between the monitoring result and the combustion wave velocity to be +/-0.01-0.05 s.
The combustion wave velocity real-time monitoring device is applicable to a test temperature range of 400-4000 ℃.
The invention discloses a using method of a combustion wave velocity real-time monitoring device, which comprises the following steps:
1) selecting the material of an insulating layer of the resistance wire in the combustion area and the specific size of the resistance wire according to the heat insulation temperature and the cloth size of the reaction raw materials in the combustion area;
2) embedding the resistance wire into the solid reactant raw material, turning on the constant current/constant voltage power supply, and adjusting to a constant current state;
3) igniting the solid reactant from one end far away from the resistance wire to initiate a combustion reaction;
4) the current value in the resistance wire is ensured to be less than or equal to the rated current of the resistance wire by adjusting the current/voltage value of the constant-current/constant-voltage power supply;
5) current/voltage change signals at two ends of the resistance wire are detected by the constant-current/constant-voltage power supply, and a paperless recorder records voltage change and a combustion process;
6) and the combustion wave rate and the accurate position at any moment in the detection time period are obtained by calibrating the relation among the geometric dimension of the resistance wire, the voltage and the current.
The beneficial effects of the invention mainly comprise:
1) the combustion wave real-time monitoring device realizes real-time monitoring of the combustion process, and can obtain the combustion rate at any moment in the combustion process by deriving the resistance-time curve with time, thereby having important value for researching the combustion dynamics process, breaking through the limitation of monitoring the combustion wave speed by adopting a temperature measurement mode in the prior art, and greatly improving the monitoring efficiency of the combustion wave state.
2) The combustion wave real-time monitoring device realizes accurate monitoring, the accuracy of the system is related to the resistance precision of the resistance wire and the accuracy of a paperless recorder serving as a data acquisition unit, and by comparing with a related technical manual, the deviation of the combustion wave speed monitored by the monitoring device and the actual speed is controlled to be +/-1%, so that the actual dynamic process of the combustion wave can be truly reflected.
3) Compared with the existing temperature measurement method or optical method, the combustion wave real-time monitoring device and method of the invention have the advantages of obviously low cost, mainly expressed in that: firstly, the spreading rate of the combustion wave on the surface and inside of the combustion object can be monitored; secondly, the price of the adopted resistance wire is 1/20 of the thermocouple wire or even lower, generally the price of the resistance wire adopted by the invention is less than 10 yuan/m, the single monitoring is about 0.2 m, and the material cost of each monitoring is only 2 yuan; in addition, the adjustable constant-current/constant-voltage power supply and the paperless recorder belong to the field of one-time setting and recycling, so that the monitoring device has a remarkable cost advantage compared with the existing monitoring means, and has popularization and application values.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a combustion wave velocity real-time monitoring device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the resistance wire with an insulating layer arranged in a twisted wire pair according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a voltage-time curve obtained by monitoring in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an instantaneous burning rate obtained from a voltage-time curve.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, is provided to enable the invention and its various aspects and advantages to be better understood. The present invention should not be construed as being limited to the following examples only.
The invention is suitable for the detection device and method comprising the combustion wave spreading speed of one or more solid combustion objects, and is characterized by comprising a resistance wire with an insulating layer, a conducting wire, a constant current/constant voltage power supply and a paperless recorder, wherein the resistance wire is arranged in a twisted pair form and is provided with an insulating layer, the constant current/constant voltage power supply can record and output voltage signals, two ends of the resistance wire with the insulating layer arranged in the twisted pair form are respectively connected with the input end of the constant current/constant voltage power supply through the conducting wire, and the output end of the constant current/constant voltage power supply is connected with the input end of the paperless recorder.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the resistance wire (1) with the insulating layer is arranged in a twisted pair mode, the resistance wire (1) is made of constantan 6J11 and is arranged in a twisted pair mode, the diameter is 0.1mm, the effective length L is 50mm, the insulating layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, and the thickness is 0.1 mm. As shown in figure 2, two ends of the resistance wire (1) are connected with a constant current/constant voltage power supply (2) through a lead, and a voltage/current signal output end of the constant current/constant voltage power supply (2) is connected with a voltage signal input end of the paperless recorder (3).
The resistance wire (1) is embedded into powdery combustible (6) (Si powder with the granularity of 5 mu m and nitrogen gas with the pressure of 3 MPa). And (3) turning on the constant current/constant voltage power supply (2) and adjusting to a constant current state, wherein the output current is 0.9A, and the voltage at two ends of the resistance wire displays about 4.5V at the moment. And igniting the combustible (6) from one end far away from the resistance wire, specifically, igniting Ti powder by using an electrified tungsten wire, and generating a violent exothermic combustion reaction between the Ti powder and nitrogen to initiate a combustion reaction between the Si powder and the nitrogen. Combustible material is ignited, back on burning wave front (5) spread to resistance wire (1), burning wave part (4) temperature surpasss polytetrafluoroethylene's ignition point, leads to insulating effect inefficacy in the twinkling of an eye after the polytetrafluoroethylene burning, and this arouses the resistance wire to switch on in the place that burning wave spreads to, along with burning wave forward propulsion, resistance wire effective length constantly reduces, the resistance value reduces, because the electric current is invariable, resistance wire both ends voltage reduces thereupon. The combustion was completed after 750 seconds from the start of the change in the voltage value, the voltage showed about 0.78V, and the voltage change with time was as shown in fig. 3. From this, it was calculated that the combustion rate in 750 seconds was about 0.067mm/s on average. The instantaneous rate of combustion wave propagation within 750 seconds is obtained by taking the absolute voltage change value as a derivative of time, as shown in fig. 4.
Example 2
The resistance wire is characterized by being a resistance wire with an insulating layer and arranged in a twisted pair mode, wherein the resistance wire is made of constantan 6J40 and arranged in a twisted pair mode, the diameter is 0.05mm, the effective length L is 50mm, the insulating layer is made of polyvinyl chloride, and the thickness is 0.15 mm. The two ends of the resistance wire are connected with a constant current/constant voltage power supply through leads, and the voltage/current signal output end of the constant current/constant voltage power supply is connected with the voltage signal input end of the paperless recorder.
The resistance wire is embedded into powdery combustible (Si powder with the granularity of 5 mu m and 5MPa nitrogen gas is introduced). And (3) turning on the constant current/constant voltage power supply and adjusting to a constant current state, wherein the output current is 0.8A, and the voltage at two ends of the resistance wire displays about 2.5V at the moment. The Ti powder is ignited by utilizing an electrified tungsten wire from one end far away from the resistance wire, and the Ti powder and nitrogen generate violent exothermic combustion reaction to initiate the combustion reaction of the Si powder and the nitrogen. After the burning wave front spread to on the resistance wire, burning wave part temperature surpassed polyvinyl chloride's ignition point, resulted in insulating effect inefficacy in the twinkling of an eye after the polyvinyl chloride burning, and this arouses the resistance wire to switch on in the place that the burning wave spreads, and along with burning wave forward propulsion, the resistance wire effective length constantly reduces, the resistance value reduces, because the electric current is invariable, the resistance wire both ends voltage reduces thereupon. From the start of the change in voltage value, combustion was completed in 445 seconds, and the voltage showed about 0.28V. From this, it was calculated that the combustion rate in 445 seconds was about 0.112mm/s on average.
Example 3
The resistance wire is characterized by comprising a resistance wire with an insulating layer, wherein the resistance wire is arranged in a twisted pair mode, the resistance wire is made of Cr30Ni70, the resistance wire is arranged in a twisted pair mode, the diameter is 0.1mm, the effective length L is 50mm, the insulating layer is made of polyurethane, and the thickness is 0.1 mm. The two ends of the resistance wire are connected with a constant current/constant voltage power supply through leads, and the voltage/current signal output end of the constant current/constant voltage power supply is connected with the voltage signal input end of the paperless recorder.
The resistance wire is embedded into powdery combustible (Al powder with the granularity of 25 mu m and 1MPa nitrogen gas is introduced). And (3) turning on the constant current/constant voltage power supply and adjusting to a constant current state, wherein the output current is 0.5A, and the voltage at two ends of the resistance wire displays about 8.0V at the moment. The Ti powder is ignited by utilizing an electrified tungsten wire from one end far away from the resistance wire, and the Ti powder and nitrogen generate violent exothermic combustion reaction to initiate the combustion reaction of the Al powder and the nitrogen. After the burning ripples forward spread on the resistance wire, burning ripples partial temperature surpasss polyurethane's ignition point, leads to insulating effect inefficacy in the twinkling of an eye after the polyurethane burning, and this arouses the resistance wire to switch on in the place that the burning ripples spreads, and along with burning ripples forward propulsion, the resistance wire effective length constantly reduces, the resistance value reduces, because the electric current is invariable, the resistance wire both ends voltage reduces thereupon. The combustion was completed after 40 seconds from the start of the change in the voltage value, and the voltage showed about 1.4V. It was thus calculated that the combustion rate in 40 seconds was about 1.250mm/s on average.
Claims (9)
1. A combustion wave velocity real-time monitoring device comprises a combustion area resistance wire 1, an external lead, a constant current/constant voltage power supply 2 and a paperless recorder 3; the resistance wires in the combustion area are arranged in a twisted pair, two wires are communicated at one end of the twisted pair, two resistance wire joints are separated from the other end of the twisted pair and are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the constant-current/constant-voltage power supply through the external lead to form a complete circuit loop, and the paperless recorder is connected with the constant-current/constant-voltage power supply to record the current and voltage change value of the paperless recorder in real time; the resistance wire in the combustion area is a resistance wire with an insulating layer.
2. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the insulating layer of the resistance wire in the combustion zone is 0.001-1 mm.
3. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the insulating layer of the resistance wire in the combustion zone is made of a material which disappears or loses the insulating effect at a certain temperature.
4. The device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the insulating layer of the resistance wire for combustion zone is made of one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polyvinylamine, polyolefin, cross-linked polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, epoxy resin, polyurethane, and fluorinated hydrocarbon.
5. The device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the material of the resistance wire (1) in the combustion zone is metal.
6. The device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the resistance wire (1) for the flame zone is selected from constantan 6J11 or Cr30Ni 70.
7. The device of claim 1, wherein the real-time combustion wave velocity monitoring device is capable of controlling the lag time between the monitoring result and the combustion wave velocity to be ± 0.01-0.05 s.
8. The device according to claim 1, wherein the combustion wave velocity real-time monitoring device is suitable for a test temperature range of 400-4000 ℃.
9. The use method of the combustion wave velocity real-time monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which comprises the following steps:
1) selecting the material of an insulating layer of the resistance wire in the combustion area and the specific size of the resistance wire according to the heat insulation temperature and the cloth size of the reaction raw materials in the combustion area;
2) embedding the resistance wire into the solid reactant raw material, turning on the constant current/constant voltage power supply, and adjusting to a constant current state;
3) igniting the solid reactant from one end far away from the resistance wire to initiate a combustion reaction;
4) the current value in the resistance wire is ensured to be less than or equal to the rated current of the resistance wire by adjusting the current/voltage value of the constant-current/constant-voltage power supply;
5) current/voltage change signals at two ends of the resistance wire are detected by the constant-current/constant-voltage power supply, and a paperless recorder records voltage change and a combustion process;
6) and the combustion wave rate and the accurate position at any moment in the detection time period are obtained by calibrating the relation among the geometric dimension of the resistance wire, the voltage and the current.
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