CN114279854A - Testing method of stiffness adjusting device of pile raft - Google Patents
Testing method of stiffness adjusting device of pile raft Download PDFInfo
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- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing method of a stiffness adjusting device of a pile raft, which comprises the steps of starting a microcomputer electrohydraulic servo testing machine, and placing the stiffness adjusting device at the central position of a first pressing plate of the microcomputer electrohydraulic servo testing machine; locking a second pressing plate of the microcomputer electro-hydraulic servo testing machine at a position right above the first pressing plate, wherein the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate are arranged in parallel; arranging a displacement sensor on the first pressing plate, wherein the displacement sensor is used for measuring the displacement of the first pressing plate; preloading the rigidity adjusting device; after the preloading is finished, testing and loading the rigidity adjusting device; and outputting the data of the test loading. The rigidity adjusting device is pre-loaded before the rigidity adjusting device is tested and loaded, so that the upper section and the lower section of the rigidity adjusting device are parallel, the displacement change of the rigidity adjusting device in each direction is uniform when the rigidity adjusting device is tested and loaded, and the accuracy of the performance test of the rigidity adjusting device is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material detection, in particular to a method for testing a pile raft rigidity adjusting device.
Background
The pile-raft foundation is a combination of a pile foundation and a raft foundation and is an artificial foundation, the raft is a structural component and is a foundation, and for the raft foundation frequently used for buildings with basements, if the load is large, the bearing capacity of foundation soil can not meet the bearing capacity requirement or the settlement requirement, the adopted foundation treatment mode is adopted. The rigidity, the vertical bearing capacity, the vertical deflection and other performances of the rigidity adjusting device of the piled raft foundation under the vertical deflection are detected, and reliable basis can be provided for design and construction. In the test method of the stiffness adjusting device of the pile raft in the prior art, because the upper and lower sections of the stiffness adjusting device are not completely parallel, the displacement change of the stiffness adjusting device in each direction is not uniform when the stiffness adjusting device is loaded, and therefore the accuracy of the performance test of the stiffness adjusting device is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a method for testing a stiffness adjusting device of a pile raft, so as to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the accuracy of performance testing of the stiffness adjusting device is affected due to uneven displacement changes in all directions of the stiffness adjusting device when the stiffness adjusting device is loaded because the upper and lower sections of the stiffness adjusting device are not completely parallel.
The invention provides a method for testing a rigidity adjusting device of a pile raft, which comprises the following steps:
starting a microcomputer electrohydraulic servo testing machine, and placing the rigidity adjusting device at the central position of a first pressing plate of the microcomputer electrohydraulic servo testing machine;
locking a second pressing plate of the microcomputer electro-hydraulic servo testing machine at a position right above the first pressing plate, wherein the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate are arranged in parallel;
arranging a displacement sensor on the first pressing plate, wherein the displacement sensor is used for measuring the displacement of the first pressing plate;
preloading the stiffness adjustment device;
after the preloading is finished, testing and loading the rigidity adjusting device;
and outputting the data of the test loading.
Further, the first pressing plate is rectangular, and the central position of the first pressing plate is that the distance between the rigidity adjusting device and the opposite edge of the first pressing plate is equal.
Further, the displacement sensor is provided in plurality, and the plurality of displacement sensors are provided at an outer edge of the first presser plate.
Further, the displacement sensors are arranged in four, and four displacement sensors are arranged on four right angles of the first pressing plate.
Further, the displacement sensor is a grating displacement sensor.
Further, locking the second pressure plate of the microcomputer electro-hydraulic servo testing machine at the position right above the first pressure plate further comprises:
and adjusting the distance between the second pressing plate and the side surface of the rigidity adjusting device facing the second pressing plate to be 1-3 mm.
Further, the preloading the stiffness adjustment device comprises:
driving the first pressure plate to approach towards the second pressure plate so as to enable the rigidity adjusting device to approach towards the second pressure plate and to be in contact with the second pressure plate;
and after the second pressing plate is contacted with the rigidity adjusting device, an acting force facing the direction of the second pressing plate is provided for the first pressing plate so as to provide a bearing capacity in the vertical direction for the rigidity adjusting device, the bearing capacity is increased at a constant speed, and when the bearing capacity reaches a first preset threshold value, the bearing capacity is reduced to 0kN at the constant speed.
Further, the preloading cycles multiple times.
Further, after the preloading is completed, the testing and loading the stiffness adjusting device comprises:
after the preloading is finished, clearing the data of the displacement sensor;
and providing an acting force towards the second pressure plate direction for the first pressure plate so as to provide a bearing capacity in the vertical direction for the rigidity adjusting device, increasing the bearing capacity at a constant speed, and stopping increasing the bearing capacity when the bearing capacity reaches a second preset threshold value.
Further, the loading rate of the preloading and the testing loading is 3-6 kN/s.
According to the test method of the stiffness adjusting device of the pile raft, the stiffness adjusting device is subjected to preloading before the stiffness adjusting device is tested and loaded, the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate are arranged in parallel, and after the stiffness adjusting device is subjected to preloading, the upper section and the lower section of the stiffness adjusting device can be parallel, so that the displacement change of the stiffness adjusting device in each direction is uniform when the stiffness adjusting device is tested and loaded, and the accuracy of performance test of the stiffness adjusting device is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a graph of vertical force versus deflection derived from testing of a stiffness adjustment device in an embodiment of the invention.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, "and/or" in the whole text includes three schemes, taking a and/or B as an example, including a technical scheme, and a technical scheme that a and B meet simultaneously; in addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, a method for testing a stiffness adjusting device of a pile raft includes the following steps:
s1: starting a microcomputer electrohydraulic servo testing machine, starting a computer and test software, inputting sample information, selecting a load-deflection curve recording mode, and placing a rigidity adjusting device at the center position of a first pressing plate of the microcomputer electrohydraulic servo testing machine;
s2: locking a second pressing plate of the microcomputer electro-hydraulic servo testing machine at a position right above the first pressing plate, wherein the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate are arranged in parallel;
s3: arranging a displacement sensor on the first pressing plate, wherein the displacement sensor is used for measuring the displacement of the first pressing plate, so that the displacement of the rigidity adjusting device is measured;
s4: preloading the rigidity adjusting device;
s5: after the preloading is finished, testing and loading the rigidity adjusting device;
s6: and outputting the data of the test loading.
The stiffness adjusting device is preloaded before the stiffness adjusting device is tested and loaded, the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate are arranged in parallel, after the stiffness adjusting device is preloaded, the upper section and the lower section of the stiffness adjusting device can be parallel, so that the displacement change of the stiffness adjusting device in all directions is uniform when the stiffness adjusting device is tested and loaded, and the accuracy of performance test of the stiffness adjusting device is improved. The performance test of the rigidity adjusting device comprises three parameters of rigidity, vertical bearing capacity, vertical deformation and the like under the vertical deformation. The performance data of the comprehensive test is provided for a design unit and a construction unit to carry out checking calculation so as to guide the selection and construction of the specification of the rigidity adjusting device, meanwhile, an accurate basis can be provided for a manufacturer to adjust the production parameters of the rigidity adjusting device, and the actual use performance of the equipment is improved.
Specifically, the vertical load of the microcomputer electro-hydraulic servo testing machine is 3000 kN-30000 kN, and the microcomputer electro-hydraulic servo testing machine is provided with matched displacement data acquisition equipment.
Specifically, the first pressing plate is rectangular, and the central position of the first pressing plate is that the distance between the rigidity adjusting device and the opposite edge of the first pressing plate is equal. The distance between the rigidity adjusting device and the upper side edge of the first pressure plate is d1, the distance between the rigidity adjusting device and the lower side edge of the first pressure plate is d2, and d1 is equal to d 2. The distance between the rigidity adjusting device and the left side of the first pressure plate is d3, the distance between the rigidity adjusting device and the right side of the first pressure plate is d4, and d3 is equal to d 4. The distances of d1, d2, d3 and d4 are measured by a steel tape measure with the accuracy of more than or equal to 1 mm.
Further, the second pressing plate is rectangular. The first pressing plate and the second pressing plate are the same in shape and size. Furthermore, the first pressing plate is a lower pressing plate, and the second pressing plate is an upper pressing plate.
In some embodiments, the displacement sensor is provided in plurality, and the plurality of displacement sensors are provided at an outer edge of the first platen. The average value of the displacement data is obtained by measuring the displacement data on the outer edge of the first pressure plate by the displacement sensors, and the average value is used as the representative value of the deformation of the rigidity adjusting device under the vertical load, so that the measurement error can be reduced. Specifically, the displacement sensor is a grating displacement sensor, the deformation measurement range of the grating displacement sensor is 0-100 mm, and the accuracy is more than or equal to 0.01 mm.
Further, the displacement sensors are arranged in four, and the four displacement sensors are arranged on four right angles of the first pressing plate, so that the displacement sensors are positioned on four end points of two perpendicularly-intersected line segments. The first pressing plate is rectangular and is provided with four displacement sensors, so that the measurement error of the rigidity adjusting device can be reduced to the greatest extent, and the error of the representative value of the deformation of the rigidity adjusting device under the vertical load is reduced.
Preferably, the step of locking the second pressing plate of the microcomputer electro-hydraulic servo testing machine at the position right above the first pressing plate further comprises the step of adjusting the distance between the second pressing plate and the side face, facing the second pressing plate, of the rigidity adjusting device to be 1-3 mm. More preferably, the step of locking the second pressing plate of the microcomputer electro-hydraulic servo testing machine at the position right above the first pressing plate further comprises the step of adjusting the distance between the second pressing plate and the side face, facing the second pressing plate, of the rigidity adjusting device to be 2 mm.
Specifically, preloading the stiffness adjustment device comprises:
driving the first pressure plate to approach towards the direction of the second pressure plate so as to enable the rigidity adjusting device to approach towards the direction of the second pressure plate and to be in contact with the second pressure plate;
after the second pressing plate is contacted with the rigidity adjusting device, acting force towards the direction of the second pressing plate is provided for the first pressing plate so as to provide bearing capacity in the vertical direction for the rigidity adjusting device, the bearing capacity is increased at a constant speed, and when the bearing capacity reaches a first preset threshold value, the bearing capacity is reduced to 0kN at the constant speed. In particular, the first preset threshold may be 50 kN. More specifically, the loading rate of the preload is 3-6 kN/s. More specifically, in actual operation, the stiffness adjusting means does not completely resemble a rubber mount, does not have the function of restoring elasticity after being subjected to excessive pressure, and therefore sets the first preset threshold.
Further, the preload cycles multiple times. Because the first pressure plate and the second pressure plate are arranged in parallel, each preloading process can enable the rigidity adjusting device to tend to be parallel, and the preloading processes can ensure that the upper and lower sections of the rigidity adjusting device are in a parallel state.
In some embodiments, after the pre-loading is completed, the test loading the stiffness adjustment device comprises:
after the preloading is completed, clearing the data of the displacement sensor;
and providing an acting force towards the second pressing plate direction for the first pressing plate so as to provide a bearing capacity in the vertical direction for the rigidity adjusting device, increasing the bearing capacity at a constant speed, and stopping increasing the bearing capacity when the bearing capacity reaches a second preset threshold value. In particular, the second preset threshold is 50 kN. More specifically, the loading rate of the test loading is 3-6 kN/s.
In some embodiments, after the test load data is output, the load curve and the electronic data are saved and the electronic data is exported for analytical calculations.
S10: and averaging L of 4 displacement deformation quantities measured by 4 grating displacement sensors to serve as a representative value of the deformation quantity of the rigidity adjusting device under the vertical load.
S20: according to the vertical rigidity of the rigidity adjusting device: and S is F/L, the vertical deformation borne when corresponding to the vertical deformation L can be obtained according to the requirement, the rigidity value S1 of the single-point vertical deformation L1 (the specific value on electronic data is between two deformations, and the rigidity of the specified deformation is obtained by calculating the corresponding vertical load by adopting a straight line insertion method) can be obtained, and the rigidity range S1-2 corresponding to a certain deformation range L1-2 can also be obtained.
S30: and searching the maximum vertical deformation and the maximum vertical bearing capacity in the output test loading data, and judging whether the requirements of the corresponding models of the rigidity adjusting devices are met.
In some embodiments, a load-deformation curve recording mode is selected in control software of the microcomputer electro-hydraulic servo testing machine, and a continuous change curve is acquired by adopting a real-time recording mode. The loading mode is selected as a loading rate mode, the loading rate is 1 per mill/s and is not more than 5kN/s of vertical bearing capacity designed for the rigidity adjusting device, and the microcomputer electro-hydraulic servo testing machine can keep constant-speed loading. Therefore, the technical problem that in actual operation, the span of vertical bearing capacity and vertical deformation is too large, and a load-vertical deformation characteristic curve cannot be reflected at any time is solved.
For better explanation of the technical solution of the present invention, please refer to the following examples:
the rigidity adjusting device with the specification model of SA/II 704745c is planned to be used in the pile foundation engineering project, and the corresponding technical index requirements are as follows:
1. the corresponding rigidity of the rigidity adjusting device when the vertical deformation reaches 30mm should meet 70000X (1 +/-20%) kN/m.
2. The maximum vertical bearing capacity is designed to be more than or equal to 4700 kN.
3. The maximum vertical deformation is designed to be more than or equal to 45 mm.
The instrument equipment comprises:
1.1: YAJ-20000 type microcomputer electrohydraulic servo testing machine, load range 0-20000kN, matching software has a load-deflection curve recording mode, and test data can derive excel version electronic data.
1.2: the GWC050-2 type grating displacement sensor has the deformation measuring range of 0-52mm, and the deformation can be input into YAJ-20000 type microcomputer electrohydraulic servo pressure tester matching software through a data acquisition box to form a load-deformation curve.
1.3: 5m steel tape, measuring accuracy is 1 mm.
The power supply of the microcomputer electro-hydraulic servo testing machine is turned on, a computer and testing software are started, sample information is input, and a load-deformation curve recording mode is selected. And (3) placing the rigidity adjusting device at the central position of the first pressing plate, and rechecking by adopting the steel tape measuring device to have equal distance from the opposite edges of the first pressing plate.
And adjusting the position of a second pressing plate of the testing machine, which is about 2mm away from the surface of the rigidity adjusting device, and locking the position of the second pressing plate. 4 grating displacement sensors are respectively arranged on four corners of a first pressing plate of the microcomputer electro-hydraulic testing machine, so that the grating displacement sensors are positioned on four end points of two vertically crossed line segments, and a measuring head of the grating displacement sensor lightly contacts a reaction frame. A 'load-deflection' curve recording mode is selected in control software of the microcomputer electro-hydraulic servo testing machine, and a continuous change curve is acquired by adopting a real-time recording mode. And selecting a loading mode as a loading rate mode, wherein the loading rate is 5 kN/s.
And a first preset threshold value of preloading is 50kN, a start button is clicked to start uniform-speed loading from 0kN, and the uniform-speed loading is carried out to 50kN and then the uniform-speed loading is carried out to 0kN by adopting a speed of 5 kN/s. And repeating the steps for 3 times to complete the preloading process. And (3) clearing all the deformation of the grating displacement sensor to zero as a displacement zero point of test loading under the condition that the preloading is finished, keeping the loading rate to be 5kN/s unchanged, stopping the loading until the vertical bearing capacity and the vertical deformation both exceed a second preset threshold value, and recording a load-deformation curve by a program in the loading process. In the test, when the vertical load is loaded to 3162.0kN, the vertical deformation reaches 45.64mm, the deformation amount meets the requirement, and the acquisition of the deformation amount is stopped; when the vertical load reaches 4738.2kN, the design vertical bearing capacity has been exceeded and the vertical load stops loading.
After the test loading is finished, the loading curve and the electronic data are saved, and the electronic data are exported for analysis as shown in FIG. 1. Aiming at the specific deformation L of 30.000mm between 29.777 and 30.296, the vertical bearing force F of the 30.000mm deformation is calculated to be 1749.2kN by adopting a linear insertion method, the rigidity S30mm F/L is calculated to be 58307kN/mm, the relative deviation from the designed rigidity 70000kN/mm is-16.7%, and the design requirement of the rigidity +/-20% is met.
The vertical deformation can reach 45.640mm when the output data is searched, and the design requirement of being more than or equal to 45mm is met. The maximum vertical bearing capacity searched from the electronic data list can reach 4738.2kN, and the design requirement of being more than or equal to 4700kN is met.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A test method of a rigidity adjusting device of a pile raft is characterized by comprising the following steps:
starting a microcomputer electrohydraulic servo testing machine, and placing the rigidity adjusting device at the central position of a first pressing plate of the microcomputer electrohydraulic servo testing machine;
locking a second pressing plate of the microcomputer electro-hydraulic servo testing machine at a position right above the first pressing plate, wherein the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate are arranged in parallel;
arranging a displacement sensor on the first pressing plate, wherein the displacement sensor is used for measuring the displacement of the first pressing plate;
preloading the stiffness adjustment device;
after the preloading is finished, testing and loading the rigidity adjusting device;
and outputting the data of the test loading.
2. The method of testing of claim 1, wherein the first platen is rectangular in shape and the center of the first platen is equidistant from opposing edges of the stiffness adjusting device.
3. The method of testing of claim 2, wherein the displacement sensor is provided in plurality, and a plurality of the displacement sensors are provided at an outer edge of the first platen.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the displacement sensors are arranged in four, four of the displacement sensors being arranged at four right angles to the first platen.
5. The test method of claim 1, wherein the displacement sensor is a grating displacement sensor.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein locking the second platen of the microelectromechanical-hydraulic servo tester in a position directly above the first platen further comprises:
and adjusting the distance between the second pressing plate and the side surface of the rigidity adjusting device facing the second pressing plate to be 1-3 mm.
7. The testing method of claim 1, wherein the preloading the stiffness adjustment device comprises:
driving the first pressure plate to approach towards the second pressure plate so as to enable the rigidity adjusting device to approach towards the second pressure plate and to be in contact with the second pressure plate;
and after the second pressing plate is contacted with the rigidity adjusting device, an acting force facing the direction of the second pressing plate is provided for the first pressing plate so as to provide a bearing capacity in the vertical direction for the rigidity adjusting device, the bearing capacity is increased at a constant speed, and when the bearing capacity reaches a first preset threshold value, the bearing capacity is reduced to 0kN at the constant speed.
8. The testing method of claim 1, wherein the preloading cycles are multiple times.
9. The testing method of claim 1, wherein the testing loading the stiffness adjustment device after the pre-loading is completed comprises:
after the preloading is finished, clearing the data of the displacement sensor;
and providing an acting force towards the second pressure plate direction for the first pressure plate so as to provide a bearing capacity in the vertical direction for the rigidity adjusting device, increasing the bearing capacity at a constant speed, and stopping increasing the bearing capacity when the bearing capacity reaches a second preset threshold value.
10. The testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading rate of the preload and/or the test loading is 3-6 kN/s.
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