CN114279420A - Three-dimensional space position continuous change combined measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents
Three-dimensional space position continuous change combined measuring device and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional space position continuous change combined measuring device and a measuring method. The device includes: positioning sensor, three-way inclination sensor, continuous deformation survey buret, fixed module, strain sensing optic fibre and data acquisition processing module, positioning sensor, three-way inclination sensor, continuous deformation survey buret pass through fixed module is direct or indirect to be fixed on surveyed the target, strain sensing optic fibre lays continuous deformation surveys on the buret, data acquisition processing module is used for receiving positioning sensor three-way inclination sensor survey buret's data collection calculates the position continuous variation value of confirming being surveyed the target in three-dimensional space. The invention can realize the continuous change measurement of the three-dimensional space position of the target, can cover the full length of the target to be measured, can completely acquire the displacement components of translation, rotation and deformation, has complete measurement result information, avoids a monitoring blind area and improves the structure safety monitoring level.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of structural safety monitoring, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional space position continuous change combined measuring device and a measuring method.
Background
In the long-term service process of long-distance engineering structures such as bridges, pipelines and tunnels, due to the effects of multiple factors such as material aging, fatigue loading, foundation settlement, support displacement and eccentric load, the structure gradually develops complex spatial position changes, and serious consequences such as bridge girder falling, pipeline cracking and tunnel collapse can occur if the structure is not monitored in time. However, the existing monitoring means for the three-dimensional spatial position change of the structure still has shortcomings, which are mainly reflected in that firstly, the coverage capability is insufficient, the target to be detected cannot be continuously covered, and only single-point measurement is available; secondly, parameters are lost, and the three-dimensional space position change of the structural body is composed of three types of displacement parameters, namely integral translation, integral rotation and continuous deformation, but the current technical means only measures one or two parameters in a one-sided manner, and cannot realize full coverage of the three types of parameters. The monitoring blind area is caused by the loss of the space position, the monitoring risk is caused by the loss of the displacement parameter, and therefore, a comprehensive and safe novel structure safety monitoring technology needs to be developed urgently, the three-dimensional space position continuous change of the target structure is obtained, and the structure safety guarantee level is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of at least one of the defects or the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a three-dimensional space position continuous change combined measuring device and a measuring method, which can realize three-dimensional space position continuous change measurement on a target.
To achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a three-dimensional spatial position continuously varying combined measuring device, comprising: positioning sensor (1), three-way tilt angle sensor (2), continuous deformation survey buret (3), fixed module (4), strain sensing optic fibre (5) and data acquisition processing module, continuous deformation surveys buret (3) and is higher than the elasticity pipe of default for elasticity, positioning sensor (1), three-way tilt angle sensor (2), continuous deformation survey buret (3) and passes through fixed module (4) are direct or indirect to be fixed on being surveyed the target, strain sensing optic fibre (5) are laid on continuous deformation surveys buret (3), data acquisition processing module is used for receiving positioning sensor (1) three-way tilt angle sensor (2) continuous deformation surveys the data of buret (3), calculates the position continuous variation value of confirming being surveyed the target in three-dimensional space according to the data of gathering.
Further, the data acquisition and processing module comprises a distributed optical fiber strain gauge (6), a positioning sensor data acquisition instrument (7), an inclination angle data acquisition instrument (8) and a data analysis unit (9), the distributed optical fiber strain gauge (6) is used for acquiring strain measurement data of the strain sensing optical fiber (5), the positioning sensor data acquisition instrument (7) is used for acquiring the position measurement data of the positioning sensor (1), the inclination angle data acquisition instrument (8) is used for acquiring the inclination angle measurement data of the three-way inclination angle sensor (2), the data analysis unit (9) is used for calculating and determining a three-dimensional space position continuous change value of a measured target according to the collected data of the distributed optical fiber strain measuring instrument (6), the positioning sensor data collector (7) and the inclination angle data collector (8).
Further, the continuous deformation measuring pipe (3) is a PVC pipe or an ABS pipe.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the continuous deformation measuring pipe (3) is uniformly provided with a plurality of strain sensing optical fibers (5), and the strain sensing optical fibers (5) are all parallel to the central axis of the continuous deformation measuring pipe (3).
Further, the strain sensing optical fiber (5) is a sensing optical fiber which can realize distributed strain measurement by using the light scattering principle.
Further, the fixing module (4) comprises a mounting hole (41) and a restricting frame (42), the mounting hole (41) is used for fixing the fixing module (4) on the measured object, the inner surface of the restricting frame (42) is tangent to the cross section outer diameter of the deformation measuring pipe (3), and the restricting frame (42) is in point contact with the deformation measuring pipe (3) to apply point load and point restriction to the deformation measuring pipe (3).
Further, the material of the restraint frame (42) is a rigid metal round bar.
Furthermore, the distributed optical fiber strain measuring instrument (6) is a Brillouin optical fiber measuring instrument based on a differential pulse pair principle, or a Brillouin optical fiber measuring instrument based on a pulse pre-pumping principle, or an optical fiber measuring instrument based on a Rayleigh scattering light principle.
Further, the data acquisition processing module is used for realizing the following steps:
obtaining an initial measurement of the positioning sensor (1)Quantity data, denoted DGPS-0Acquiring initial measurement data, denoted D, of said three-way inclination sensor (2)a-0Acquiring initial measurement data, denoted D, of said strain sensing fiber (5)fiber-0；
Acquiring measurement data of the positioning sensor (1) in the process of monitoring the measured object, denoted as DGPS-iAcquiring measurement data of said three-way inclination sensor (2), denoted Da-iAcquiring measurement data, denoted D, of said strain sensing fiber (5)fiber-i；
According to DGPS-0And DGPS-iCalculating to obtain the integral translation displacement of the measured target according to Da-0And Da-iCalculating to obtain the integral rotation displacement of the measured target according to Dfiber-0And Dfiber-iCalculating to obtain a deformation value of the strain sensing optical fiber (5);
and determining the continuous change value of the measured target at the three-dimensional space position according to the integral translation displacement of the measured target, the integral rotation displacement of the measured target and the deformation value of the strain sensing optical fiber (5).
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a measuring method using any one of the three-dimensional spatial position continuously varying combination measuring devices described above, comprising the steps of:
the positioning sensor (1), the three-way inclination angle sensor (2) and the continuous deformation measuring tube (3) are directly or indirectly fixed on a measured target through the fixing module (4);
establishing communication connection among the positioning sensor (1), the three-way tilt angle sensor (2), the continuous deformation measuring tube (3) and the data acquisition and processing module;
and determining the continuous change value of the measured target in the three-dimensional space position according to the test data of the positioning sensor (1), the three-way inclination angle sensor (2) and the continuous deformation measuring tube (3) through the fixing module (4).
In general, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the parameters are complete, the reliability is high, the measurement result covers three displacement parameters of integral translation, integral rotation and continuous deformation, and the information is comprehensive;
(2) the full-length coverage has no blind area, the deformation measuring tube covers the full length of the structure to be measured, and the monitoring blind area is avoided by utilizing the long-distance high-density measurement advantage of the distributed optical fiber sensing technology;
(3) the combined measuring device is safe and quick, can automatically measure in real time, has no blind area and no shortage of parameters, is convenient and quick, is safe and reliable, and effectively improves the level of structural safety guarantee.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system of a three-dimensional spatial position continuous variation combined measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a connection between a fixing module and a deformation measuring tube of a three-dimensional spatial position continuous variation combined measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a measuring method of a three-dimensional spatial position continuous variation combined measuring device according to the present invention;
in the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-positioning sensor, 2-three-way tilt angle sensor, 3-continuous deformation measuring tube, 4-fixing module, 41-mounting hole, 42-restraint frame, 5-strain sensing optical fiber, 6-distributed optical fiber strain gauge, 7-positioning sensor data acquisition instrument, 8-tilt angle data acquisition instrument and 9-data analysis unit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, a three-dimensional spatial position continuous variation combined measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: positioning sensor 1, three-way tilt angle sensor 2, continuous deformation surveys buret 3, fixed module 4, strain sensing optical fiber 5 and data acquisition processing module, continuous deformation surveys buret 3 and is the elasticity pipe that elasticity is higher than the default, positioning sensor 1, three-way tilt angle sensor 2, continuous deformation surveys buret 3 and directly or indirectly fixes on the target of being surveyed through fixed module 4, strain sensing optical fiber 5 lays on continuous deformation surveys buret 3, data acquisition processing module is used for receiving positioning sensor 1, three-way tilt angle sensor 2, continuous deformation surveys buret 3's data collection, calculate the position continuous change value of confirming the target of being surveyed in three-dimensional space according to the data collection.
Further, the data acquisition and processing module comprises a distributed optical fiber strain measuring instrument 6, a positioning sensor data acquisition instrument 7, an inclination angle data acquisition instrument 8 and a data analysis unit 9, the distributed optical fiber strain measuring instrument 6 is used for acquiring strain measurement data of the strain sensing optical fiber 5, the positioning sensor data acquisition instrument 7 is used for acquiring position measurement data of the positioning sensor 1, the inclination angle data acquisition instrument 8 is used for acquiring inclination angle measurement data of the three-way inclination angle sensor 2, and the data analysis unit 9 is used for calculating and determining a three-dimensional space position continuous change value of a measured target according to the acquisition data of the distributed optical fiber strain measuring instrument 6, the positioning sensor data acquisition instrument 7 and the inclination angle data acquisition instrument 8.
The positioning sensor 1, the three-way inclination angle sensor 2 and the continuous deformation measuring pipe 3 can be directly or indirectly fixed on a measured object through the fixing module 4. In fig. 1, a position sensor 1 and a three-way tilt angle sensor 2 are fixed on a continuous deformation measuring pipe 3, and the continuous deformation measuring pipe 3 is fixed on a measured object through a fixing module 4.
Further, the continuous deformation measuring pipe 3 may be arranged as needed. If the full length of the structure to be measured is required, the continuous deformation measuring tube 3 can be covered over the full length of the structure to be measured.
Further, the continuous deformation measuring tube 3 is preferably a high elastic tube, which may be, but not limited to, a PVC tube or an ABS tube.
Further, the strain sensing fiber 5 is a sensing fiber capable of realizing distributed strain measurement by using light scattering principle, including but not limited to a single-mode silica fiber.
Furthermore, a plurality of strain sensing optical fibers 5 are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the continuous deformation measuring tube 3, and the strain sensing optical fibers 5 are all parallel to the central axis of the continuous deformation measuring tube 3.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the fixing module 4 includes a mounting hole 41 and a restricting frame 42, the mounting hole 41 is used for fixing the fixing module 4 on the measured object, the inner surface of the restricting frame 42 is tangent to the outer diameter of the cross section of the deformed measuring pipe 3, and the restricting frame 42 is in point contact with the deformed measuring pipe 3 to apply point load and point restriction to the deformed measuring pipe 3. Further, the constraint box 42 is a square box,
four strain sensing optical fibers 5 are arranged in parallel in the continuous deformation measuring tube 3, the included angles between the adjacent two optical fibers and the central point of the cross section of the pipeline are 90 degrees, when the continuous deformation measuring tube 3 is installed, the two strain sensing optical fibers 5 are in the horizontal direction, namely, the optical fibers are positioned at the left and right positions of the circular section, and the other two strain sensing optical fibers 5 are in the vertical direction, namely, the optical fibers are positioned at the upper and lower positions of the circular section. The relative positions of the four strain sensing fibers 5, the continuous deformation measurement tube 3, and the stationary module 4 are shown in FIG. 2.
Further, the material of the restraint frame 42 is a rigid metal round bar.
Further, the distributed fiber strain gauge 6 is a brillouin fiber gauge based on the differential pulse pair principle (DPP-BOTDA), a brillouin fiber gauge based on the pulse pre-pump principle (PPP-BOTDA), or an optical fiber gauge based on the rayleigh scattering light principle (OFDR).
Further, the data acquisition processing module is used for realizing the following steps:
(1) initial measurement data, denoted D, of the position sensor 1 are acquiredGPS-0Acquiring initial measurement data, denoted D, of the three-way tilt sensor 2a-0Acquiring initial measurement data of the strain sensing fiber 5, denoted as Dfiber-0。
DGPS-0＝(gx0,gy0,gz0) Respectively representing the x, y and z three-dimensional initial positions of the positioning sensor in a space coordinate system, Da-0＝(ax0,ay0,az0) Respectively representing x, y and z three-way initial inclination angles D of the angle sensor in a space coordinate systemfiber-0＝(fx10,fx20,fz10,fz20) Respectively, respectivelyRepresenting two strain sensing optical fiber data in the horizontal x direction and two strain sensing optical fiber data in the vertical z direction, each optical fiber data contains two lines of information, and fx10For example, fx10＝[L0,S0]，L0Representing the length of the optical fiber and expressed as L0＝(l1,l2,…,ln)，liRepresenting the strain sensing fiber with the ith measuring point (i ═ 1,2, …, n) corresponding to the fiber length, S0Representing the measured value of the strain of the optical fiber and having the expression S0＝(s1,s2,…,sn)，siRepresenting the sensing fiber in length liPosition-dependent strain measurement, likewise fx20，fz10，fz20All have a reaction withx10The same data format.
(2) Measurement data of the positioning sensor 1 during monitoring of the object to be measured is acquired, denoted as DGPS-iAcquiring measurement data of the three-way tilt sensor 2, denoted Da-iAcquiring measurement data of the strain sensing fiber 5, denoted as Dfiber-i。
Selecting ith test data in the process of monitoring the target object, wherein the ith test data respectively comprise ith measurement data D of the positioning sensorGPS-i＝(gxi,gyi,gzi) The ith measurement data D of the tilt sensora-i＝(axi,ayi,azi) Data D of the ith measurement of the optical fiberfiber-i＝(fx1i,fx2i,fz1i,fz2i)。
(3) According to DGPS-0And DGPS-iCalculating to obtain the integral translation displacement of the measured target according to Da-0And Da-iCalculating to obtain the integral rotation displacement of the measured target according to Dfiber-0And Dfiber-iAnd calculating to obtain the deformation value of the strain sensing optical fiber 5.
The ith measurement data of the positioning sensor is subtracted from the reference data to obtain the spatial three-dimensional integral translation displacement result, namely delta D, of the measured targetGPS＝(Δgxi,Δgyi,Δgzi) And obtaining the difference between the ith measurement data of the tilt sensor and the reference dataTo the measured target space three-dimensional integral rotational displacement result, delta Da＝(Δaxi,Δayi,Δazi) Measuring the ith measurement data (f) of two optical fibers in the horizontal direction of the continuous deformation measuring tubex1i,fx2i) And reference data fx10，fx20Substituting into formula
Wherein D is the distance between two optical fibers, and deformation data Delta D of the measuring tube total length along the x direction is obtainedxfiber＝[L0,Wx]Wherein W isx＝(wx1,wx2,…,wxn)，wxiRepresenting the sensing fiber in length ljMeasuring the x-direction deformation value of the measuring tube corresponding to the position, and measuring the ith measurement data (f) of two optical fibers in the vertical direction of the continuous deformation measuring tubez1i,fz2i) And reference data fz10，fz20Substituting into formula
Obtaining deformation data Delta D of the measuring tube along the z directionzfiber＝[L0,Wz]Wherein W isz＝(wz1,wz2,…,wzn)，wziRepresenting the sensing fiber in length ljAnd the position corresponds to the deformation value of the measuring pipe in the z direction.
(4) And determining the continuous change value of the measured target in the three-dimensional space position according to the integral translation displacement of the measured target, the integral rotation displacement of the measured target and the deformation value of the strain sensing optical fiber 5.
Data L of optical fiber length0＝(l1,l2,…,ln) Corresponding to the space position of the monitoring target object, generating interface optical fiber space position data P0＝[(x1,y1,z1),(x2,y2,z2),…,(xn,yn,zn)]Wherein (x)i,yi,zi) Is the length l of the optical fiberjAnd the spatial position coordinates of the corresponding monitoring target object.
Combination DeltaDGPS，ΔDa，ΔDfiberThree kinds of displacement data are obtained, and the measuring result of the continuous change of the three-dimensional space position of the measured target is obtained, wherein D is (P)0Δ X, Δ Y, Δ Z), wherein P0＝[(x1,y1,z1),(x2,y2,z2),…,(xn,yn,zn)](xi, yi, zi) is the optical fiber length ljCorresponding spatial position coordinates of the monitoring target object, Δ X ═ (Δ X1, Δ X2, …, Δ xn), Δ xi is the spatial position variation of the monitoring target object in the X direction at the (xi, yi, zi) position, where Δ xi ═ Δ gxi+liΔaxi+wxiΔ Y ═ Δ Y1, Δ Y2, …, Δ yn), Δ yi is the spatial position variation of the monitoring target object in the Y direction at the (xi, yi, zi) position, where Δ yi ═ Δ gyi+liΔayi+wyiΔ Z ═ Δ Z1, Δ Z2, …, Δ zn), Δ zi is a spatial position variation in the Z direction from the position (xi, yi, zi) of the monitoring target object, where Δ zi ═ Δ gzi+liΔazi+wziAnd storing the final analysis result and displaying the final analysis result through a software interface.
As shown in fig. 3, a measurement method using any one of the above three-dimensional spatial position continuous variation combination measurement devices of the present invention includes the steps of:
(1) directly or indirectly fixing the positioning sensor 1, the three-way inclination angle sensor 2 and the continuous deformation measuring tube 3 on a measured target through a fixing module 4;
(2) establishing communication connection among the positioning sensor 1, the three-way tilt angle sensor 2, the continuous deformation measuring tube 3 and the data acquisition and processing module;
(3) and determining the continuous change value of the measured target in the three-dimensional space position according to the test data of the positioning sensor 1, the three-way tilt angle sensor 2 and the continuous deformation measuring tube 3 through the fixing module 4.
The implementation principle and technical effect of the measurement method are similar to those of the above method, and are not described herein again.
It must be noted that in any of the above embodiments, the methods are not necessarily executed in order of sequence number, and as long as it cannot be assumed from the execution logic that they are necessarily executed in a certain order, it means that they can be executed in any other possible order.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A three-dimensional space position continuous change combined measuring device is characterized by comprising: positioning sensor (1), three-way tilt angle sensor (2), continuous deformation survey buret (3), fixed module (4), strain sensing optic fibre (5) and data acquisition processing module, continuous deformation surveys buret (3) and is higher than the elasticity pipe of default for elasticity, positioning sensor (1), three-way tilt angle sensor (2), continuous deformation survey buret (3) and passes through fixed module (4) are direct or indirect to be fixed on being surveyed the target, strain sensing optic fibre (5) are laid on continuous deformation surveys buret (3), data acquisition processing module is used for receiving positioning sensor (1) three-way tilt angle sensor (2) continuous deformation surveys the data of buret (3), calculates the position continuous variation value of confirming being surveyed the target in three-dimensional space according to the data of gathering.
2. The combined measuring device of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition and processing module comprises a distributed optical fiber strain gauge (6), a positioning sensor data acquirer (7), an inclination data acquirer (8) and a data analysis unit (9), the distributed optical fiber strain gauge (6) is used for acquiring strain measurement data of the strain sensing optical fiber (5), the positioning sensor data acquirer (7) is used for acquiring position measurement data of the positioning sensor (1), the inclination data acquirer (8) is used for acquiring inclination measurement data of the three-way inclination sensor (2), and the data analysis unit (9) is used for calculating and determining the three-dimensional space position of the measured object according to the acquisition data of the distributed optical fiber strain gauge (6), the positioning sensor data acquirer (7) and the inclination data acquirer (8) The value of the change.
3. A three-dimensional spatial position continuously variable combination measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that said continuously deformable measuring tube (3) is a PVC tube or an ABS tube.
4. A three-dimensional spatial position continuous variation combination measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of said strain sensing optical fibers (5) are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of said continuous deformation measuring tube (3), and said strain sensing optical fibers (5) are all parallel to the central axis of said continuous deformation measuring tube (3).
5. A three-dimensional spatial position continuous variation combined measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the strain sensing optical fiber (5) is a sensing optical fiber capable of realizing distributed strain measurement by using light scattering principle.
6. A three-dimensional spatial position continuously variable combination measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the fixing module (4) comprises a mounting hole (41) and a restricting frame (42), the mounting hole (41) is used for fixing the fixing module (4) on the measured object, the inner surface of the restricting frame (42) is tangent to the outer diameter of the cross section of the deformation measuring pipe (3), and the restricting frame (42) is in point contact with the deformation measuring pipe (3) to apply point load and point restriction to the deformation measuring pipe (3).
7. A three-dimensional spatial position continuously variable combination measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that the material of said constraining frame (42) is a rigid metal round bar.
8. The combination measuring device of claim 1, wherein the distributed fiber strain gauge (6) is a differential pulse pair principle-based brillouin fiber gauge, a pulse pre-pumping principle-based brillouin fiber gauge, or a rayleigh scattered light principle-based fiber gauge.
9. The combined measuring device of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition and processing module is configured to perform the following steps:
acquiring initial measurement data of the positioning sensor (1), denoted DGPS-0Acquiring initial measurement data, denoted D, of said three-way inclination sensor (2)a-0Acquiring initial measurement data, denoted D, of said strain sensing fiber (5)fiber-0；
Acquiring measurement data of the positioning sensor (1) in the process of monitoring the measured object, denoted as DGPS-iAcquiring measurement data of said three-way inclination sensor (2), denoted Da-iAcquiring measurement data, denoted D, of said strain sensing fiber (5)fiber-i；
According to DGPS-0And DGPS-iCalculating to obtain the integral translation displacement of the measured target according to Da-0And Da-iCalculating to obtain the integral rotation displacement of the measured target according to Dfiber-0And Dfiber-iCalculating to obtain a deformation value of the strain sensing optical fiber (5);
and determining the continuous change value of the measured target at the three-dimensional space position according to the integral translation displacement of the measured target, the integral rotation displacement of the measured target and the deformation value of the strain sensing optical fiber (5).
10. A measuring method using the three-dimensional space position continuous variation combination measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the steps of:
the positioning sensor (1), the three-way inclination angle sensor (2) and the continuous deformation measuring tube (3) are directly or indirectly fixed on a measured target through the fixing module (4);
establishing communication connection among the positioning sensor (1), the three-way tilt angle sensor (2), the continuous deformation measuring tube (3) and the data acquisition and processing module;
and determining the continuous change value of the measured target in the three-dimensional space position according to the test data of the positioning sensor (1), the three-way inclination angle sensor (2) and the continuous deformation measuring tube (3) through the fixing module (4).
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