CN114278994A - Liquid distributor, evaporator and air conditioning system - Google Patents
Liquid distributor, evaporator and air conditioning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114278994A CN114278994A CN202011042136.0A CN202011042136A CN114278994A CN 114278994 A CN114278994 A CN 114278994A CN 202011042136 A CN202011042136 A CN 202011042136A CN 114278994 A CN114278994 A CN 114278994A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 406
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 192
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 abstract description 110
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- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 22
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, and particularly provides a liquid distributor, an evaporator and an air conditioning system. The invention aims to solve the problem of uneven liquid distribution of the existing liquid distributor. The liquid distributor comprises an upper cover and an upper shell, wherein a first liquid distribution cavity is formed between the upper cover and the upper surface of the upper shell in an enclosing manner, a plurality of first liquid distribution holes are formed in the position, located in the first liquid distribution cavity, of the upper shell, a liquid inlet is formed in the upper cover, the upper cover is arranged along the length direction of the upper shell, the projection of the upper cover on the upper shell is trapezoidal, and the liquid inlet is formed in one side, close to the lower bottom of the trapezoid, of the upper cover. The projection of the upper cover on the upper shell is set to be trapezoidal, and the liquid inlet is arranged on one side of the upper cover close to the lower bottom of the trapezoid, so that the kinetic energy of the refrigerant can be kept basically unchanged when the refrigerant flows, and a better liquid homogenizing effect is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, and particularly provides a liquid distributor, an evaporator and an air conditioning system.
Background
In energy and chemical systems, uneven flow distribution is an important cause of system performance deterioration, device dysfunction, safety problems, product quality reduction, system life shortening, cost increase, and the like, and therefore, it is extremely important to ensure uniform flow distribution of equipment. In a heat exchanger used in the technical field of air conditioning refrigeration, compared with other types of evaporators, the transverse tube falling film evaporator has the advantages of less refrigerant injection amount, high heat exchange efficiency, low operating cost and the like, and is greatly concerned. Taking a horizontal tube falling film evaporator as an example, the principle of the horizontal tube falling film evaporator is that a refrigerant flows into a liquid distributor for liquid equalization, and then flows out of a liquid distribution hole to form a liquid film on a heat exchange tube, so as to perform phase change heat exchange with the refrigerant in the heat exchange tube. The liquid distributor has the effects that the refrigerant is uniformly distributed on the surface of the heat exchange tube, and the dry evaporation on the surface of the heat exchange tube is avoided, so that the heat exchange performance of the falling film evaporator is improved, and therefore, the liquid equalizing effect of the liquid distributor directly influences the heat exchange performance of the whole horizontal tube falling film evaporator.
However, at present, the liquid inlet of part of the liquid distributor is usually arranged in the middle of the liquid distributor, after the refrigerant enters the liquid distributor, the refrigerant in the middle area is more, and the refrigerant in the other areas is less, so that the liquid distribution is uneven, and the heat exchange efficiency of the horizontal tube falling film evaporator is lower.
Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a new solution to the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, that is, to solve the problem of uneven liquid distribution of the existing liquid distributor, a first aspect of the present invention provides a liquid distributor, which includes an upper cover and an upper housing, wherein a first liquid distribution cavity is defined between the upper cover and the upper surface of the upper housing, a plurality of first liquid distribution holes are formed in the upper housing at positions in the first liquid distribution cavity, and a liquid inlet is formed in the upper cover, wherein the upper cover is arranged along the length direction of the upper housing, the projection of the upper cover on the upper housing is trapezoidal, and the liquid inlet is arranged at one side of the upper cover close to the bottom of the trapezoid.
In a preferred embodiment of the liquid distributor, the plurality of first liquid distribution holes form two liquid distribution hole groups, and each of the liquid distribution hole groups is arranged along the length direction of the upper shell.
In the preferable technical scheme of the liquid distributor, a connecting line between the centers of a plurality of first liquid distribution holes in each liquid distribution hole group is parallel to the waist of the trapezoid on the adjacent side.
In the preferable technical scheme of the liquid distributor, the trapezoid is an isosceles trapezoid, and an included angle between the lower bottom and the waist of the isosceles trapezoid is 84-89 degrees.
In the preferable technical scheme of the liquid distributor, the liquid distributor further comprises a lower shell and a liquid equalizing plate, the lower shell is connected with the lower surface of the upper shell, the liquid equalizing plate is located between the upper shell and the lower shell, the outer edge of the liquid equalizing plate is connected with the side wall of the lower shell, and in an assembled state, the side wall of the upper shell, the side wall of the lower shell and the liquid equalizing plate are surrounded to form a second liquid distributing cavity, the liquid equalizing plate and the lower shell are surrounded to form a third liquid distributing cavity, wherein a plurality of second liquid distributing holes are formed in the liquid equalizing plate, and a plurality of third liquid distributing holes are formed in the lower shell.
In the preferable technical scheme of the liquid distributor, the edge of the upper shell is bent downwards to form a first bending part, the edge of the side wall of the lower shell is bent outwards to form a second bending part, and the second bending part is connected with the first bending part in a sealing manner.
In a preferred technical solution of the liquid distributor, a plurality of first supporting bars are arranged between the lower surface of the upper housing and the upper surface of the liquid homogenizing plate, the plurality of first supporting bars are arranged at intervals, and each first supporting bar is not interfered with the first liquid distribution hole and the second liquid distribution hole; and/or a plurality of second support bars are arranged between the lower surface of the liquid homogenizing plate and the upper surface of the lower shell, the second support bars are arranged at intervals, and each second support bar is not interfered with the second liquid distribution holes and the third liquid distribution holes respectively.
In the preferable technical scheme of the liquid distributor, the distance between the centers of two adjacent third liquid distribution holes distributed along the width direction of the upper shell is the same as the distance between the axes of two adjacent heat exchange tubes; and/or the distance between the centers of two adjacent third liquid distribution holes distributed along the length direction of the upper shell is less than or equal to the spreading wavelength of the liquid film.
The liquid distributor comprises an upper cover and an upper shell, wherein a first liquid distribution cavity is formed between the upper cover and the upper surface of the upper shell in a surrounding manner, and the upper cover is provided with a liquid inlet, so that external refrigerant can enter the first liquid distribution cavity through the liquid inlet. A plurality of first liquid distribution holes are formed in the position, located in the first liquid distribution cavity, of the upper shell, so that refrigerant in the first liquid distribution cavity can flow out of the plurality of first liquid distribution holes to reach the outer surface of the heat exchange tube to exchange heat with the heat exchange tube. The upper cover is arranged along the length direction of the upper shell, the projection of the upper cover on the upper shell is trapezoidal, the liquid inlet is arranged on one side of the upper cover close to the lower bottom of the trapezoid, and the section of the first liquid distribution cavity formed in the way along the length direction of the upper shell is also trapezoidal. Therefore, after entering the first liquid distribution cavity, the refrigerant flows from the lower bottom of the trapezoid to one side of the upper bottom of the trapezoid, the flowing space is gradually reduced, namely the flowing section is continuously reduced, and the refrigerant is continuously collected into the reduced flowing space, so that the change of kinetic energy reduction caused by the reduction of mass flow can be weakened, and the kinetic energy of the refrigerant is improved. Therefore, when the refrigerant flows along the length direction of the first liquid distribution cavity, the kinetic energy of the refrigerant can be kept basically unchanged, and the outlet speeds of the refrigerant at each first liquid distribution hole are basically the same, so that the mass flow of the refrigerant flowing through each first liquid distribution hole is basically the same, the refrigerant in the first liquid distribution cavity can be dispersed and flow out along the length direction of the upper shell more uniformly, and a better liquid equalizing effect is achieved.
In a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the plurality of first liquid distribution holes form two liquid distribution hole groups, and each liquid distribution hole group is arranged along the length direction of the upper shell, so that a liquid distribution area in the first liquid distribution cavity is divided into two areas, and the areas in the middle area of the first liquid distribution cavity and the areas on two sides of the first liquid distribution cavity can be completely covered along with the flowing of the refrigerant, so that the refrigerant can be more uniformly distributed along the length direction and the width direction of the upper shell, can better flow out through the two liquid distribution hole groups, can be better distributed along the length direction of the upper shell, and effectively improves the liquid equalizing effect. On the other hand, in order to achieve a better liquid equalizing effect, the projection of the liquid inlet on the upper shell is positioned on the central line of the trapezoid, so that the refrigerant entering the first liquid distribution cavity from the liquid inlet can directly flow out from the first liquid distribution hole positioned below the liquid inlet, and uneven liquid distribution is caused. Preferably, a connecting line between centers of the plurality of first liquid distribution holes in each liquid distribution hole group is parallel to the waist of the trapezoid on the adjacent side, so that the arrangement direction of the first liquid distribution holes is completely consistent with the flow path of the refrigerant in the first liquid distribution cavity, the refrigerant in the areas on two sides of the first liquid distribution cavity can better uniformly flow out through the first liquid distribution holes, and the liquid equalizing effect is further improved.
Further, the trapezoid is an isosceles trapezoid, so that after an external refrigerant enters the first liquid distribution cavity from the liquid inlet, when the refrigerant flows along the axial direction of the first liquid distribution cavity, the flowing space is gradually, uniformly and synchronously reduced from the lower bottom to the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoid, so that the kinetic energy of the refrigerant during the axial flow along the first liquid distribution cavity can be better ensured to be unchanged, and a better liquid equalizing effect is achieved. And the included angle between the lower bottom of the isosceles trapezoid and the waist is 84-89 degrees, and the included angle between the lower bottom and the waist is related to the flowing space in the first liquid distribution cavity. The length that keeps isosceles trapezoid's the last end with the in-process of adjustment contained angle does not become the example, like this along with isosceles trapezoid's the lower bottom and the contained angle between the waist reduces, isosceles trapezoid's the lower bottom is prolonged thereupon, is close to the flow space of this one side of the lower bottom of isosceles trapezoid and will increases relatively, the flow space near the inlet increases promptly, and the refrigerant flows and slows down, and the refrigerant has sufficient flow space diffusion to can promote holistic homocline effect better.
Furthermore, the liquid distributor also comprises a lower shell and a liquid homogenizing plate, the lower shell is connected with the lower surface of the upper shell, the liquid homogenizing plate is positioned between the upper shell and the lower shell, the outer edge of the liquid homogenizing plate is connected with the side wall of the lower shell, in the assembled state, a second liquid distributing cavity is formed by enclosing the side wall of the upper shell, the side wall of the lower shell and the liquid homogenizing plate, a third liquid distributing cavity is formed by enclosing the liquid homogenizing plate and the lower shell, a plurality of second liquid distributing holes are formed in the liquid homogenizing plate, and a plurality of third liquid distributing holes are formed in the lower shell. Through the arrangement mode, the external refrigerant flows out after being subjected to liquid equalizing for three times in the liquid distributor, so that the refrigerant can be uniformly distributed along the axial direction and the radial direction of the liquid distributor, and the liquid distribution effect of the liquid distributor is ensured.
Furthermore, the edge of the upper shell is bent downwards to form a first bending part, the edge of the side wall of the lower shell is bent outwards to form a second bending part, and the second bending part is connected with the first bending part in a sealing mode, so that the sealing performance of the liquid distributor is ensured. And because the refrigerant comes from the condenser, after exchanging heat with the heat exchange tube, becomes gaseous refrigerant and is pumped to the compressor again, if there is a leakage point between upper casing and the lower casing, gaseous refrigerant can carry part of refrigerant of leakage point when passing through the leakage point in the process of moving towards the export of liquid distributor, causes the problem that there is some liquid refrigerant in the gaseous refrigerant to the sealed setting of liquid distributor also can effectively prevent the refrigerant leakage and the problem that the compressor sucks the gas and takes liquid.
Further, be provided with a plurality of first support bars between the lower surface of going up the casing and the upper surface of equal liquid board, be provided with a plurality of second support bars between the lower surface of equal liquid board and the upper surface of casing down to can strengthen the intensity of equal liquid board and casing down, prevent the two bending deformation, and then influence equal liquid effect. The first support strips are arranged at intervals, each first support strip is not interfered with the first liquid distribution hole and the second liquid distribution hole, the second support strips are arranged at intervals, and each second support strip is not interfered with the second liquid distribution hole and the third liquid distribution hole. Through such mode of setting, just can be under the prerequisite that does not influence the homocline effect of liquid distributor, the intensity of the homocline board of reinforcing and lower casing.
Further, the distance between the centers of two adjacent third liquid distribution holes distributed in the width direction of the upper shell is the same as the distance between the axes of the two adjacent heat exchange tubes, so that the refrigerant coming out of the third liquid distribution holes can reach the outer surface of each heat exchange tube. And/or the distance between the centers of two adjacent third liquid distribution holes distributed along the length direction of the upper shell is less than or equal to the spreading wavelength of the liquid film, wherein the spreading wavelength of the liquid film represents the Taylor unstable wavelength and represents the maximum axial distance which can be extended by the liquid flowing down from a single point on the heat exchange tube. That is, when the distance between the centers of two adjacent third liquid distribution holes is greater than the wavelength, a partial region between the centers of the two third liquid distribution holes cannot be wrapped by the liquid film. Therefore, the refrigerant coming out of the third liquid distribution hole can form a complete, continuous and uniform liquid film on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube through the arrangement mode.
The invention also provides an evaporator, which comprises the liquid distributor in any one of the above schemes, wherein a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the evaporator, and the liquid distributor is arranged above the heat exchange tubes.
Through the arrangement mode, the external refrigerant is uniformly distributed on the surface of the heat exchange tube through the liquid distributor, and an even liquid film is formed on the surface of the heat exchange tube, so that the heat exchange tube can better exchange heat with fluid in the heat exchange tube, and the heat exchange efficiency can be effectively improved. Moreover, the evaporator has all the technical effects of the liquid distributor, and the details are not repeated herein.
The third aspect of the invention also provides an air conditioning system, which comprises the evaporator in any one of the above aspects.
It should be noted that the air conditioning system has all the technical effects of the evaporator described above, and the details are not described herein.
Drawings
The liquid distributor, the evaporator and the air conditioning system of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the air conditioning system. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid dispenser according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the upper cover and upper housing of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an upper housing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the trend of the mass flow rate of the first liquid distribution hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid-homogenizing plate according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals：
1. A liquid inlet pipe; 2. an upper cover; 21. a liquid inlet; 3. an upper housing; 31. a first liquid distribution hole; 32. a first bending portion; 4. a first liquid distribution cavity; 5. a liquid homogenizing plate; 51. a second liquid distribution hole; 6. a lower housing; 61. a third liquid distribution hole; 62. a second bending portion; 7. a second liquid distribution cavity; 8. a third liquid distribution cavity; 9. a first support bar; 10. and a second supporting strip.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Generally, in order to obtain better heat exchange efficiency, an air conditioning system is generally provided with a horizontal tube falling film evaporator having advantages of a small refrigerant charge amount, high heat exchange efficiency, low operating cost, and the like. The transverse tube falling-film evaporator generally comprises a liquid distributor and a plurality of heat exchange tubes, wherein the liquid distributor is positioned above the heat exchange tubes, a refrigerant from a condenser reaches the outer surfaces of the heat exchange tubes through the liquid distributor under the action of self gravity, and spreads to form a film on the outer surfaces of the heat exchange tubes, after absorbing the heat of fluid in the heat exchange tubes, part of the refrigerant is evaporated to be in a gas state, a liquid refrigerant continuously flows downwards, and the gas refrigerant returns to the compressor through a refrigerant outlet of the evaporator. Because only a layer of film is formed on the surface of the heat exchange tube, the thickness of the film layer is small, the refrigerant has no static liquid level pressure when evaporating, and the heat transfer coefficient is high, thereby effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency.
First, a possible arrangement of the first liquid-distribution chamber of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 4. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid distributor according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a top view of an upper cover and an upper housing according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper housing according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a graph illustrating a variation tendency of a mass flow rate of a first liquid distribution hole according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 and according to the position shown in fig. 2, the liquid distributor includes an upper cover 2 and an upper housing 3, a first liquid distribution chamber 4 is formed between the upper cover 2 and the upper surface of the upper housing 3, a liquid inlet 21 is formed on the upper cover 2, and the liquid inlet 21 is fixedly connected to a liquid inlet pipe 1 by welding or the like, so that external refrigerant can enter the first liquid distribution chamber 4 through the liquid inlet pipe 1 and the liquid inlet 21. A plurality of first liquid distribution holes 31 are formed in the position, located in the first liquid distribution cavity 4, of the upper shell 3, so that the refrigerant in the first liquid distribution cavity 4 can flow out through the first liquid distribution holes 31 and reach the outer surface of the heat exchange tube to exchange heat with the heat exchange tube. The upper cover 2 is arranged along the length direction of the upper shell 3, the projection of the upper cover 2 on the upper shell 3 is trapezoidal, the liquid inlet 21 is arranged on one side of the upper cover 2 close to the lower bottom of the trapezoidal shape, and the section of the first liquid distribution cavity 4 along the length direction of the upper shell 3 is also trapezoidal. Thus, after entering the first liquid distribution chamber 4, the refrigerant flows from the lower bottom of the trapezoid to one side (i.e., from left to right in fig. 2) of the upper bottom of the trapezoid, the flow space is gradually reduced, i.e., the flow cross section is continuously reduced, and the refrigerant is continuously collected into the reduced flow space, so that the change of the reduction of the kinetic energy caused by the reduction of the mass flow can be reduced, and the kinetic energy of the refrigerant can be improved. Therefore, when the refrigerant flows along the length direction of the upper shell 3, the kinetic energy of the refrigerant can be kept basically unchanged, and the outlet speed of the refrigerant at each first liquid distribution hole 31 is basically the same, so that the mass flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through each first liquid distribution hole 31 is ensured to be basically the same, and the refrigerant in the first liquid distribution chamber 4 can be dispersed and flowed out along the length direction of the upper shell 3 more uniformly, and a better liquid equalizing effect is achieved.
The applicant finds that the projection of the upper cover 2 of the liquid distributor on the upper shell 3 in the market is generally rectangular, the liquid inlet 21 is arranged at one side close to one short side of the rectangle, when the refrigerant flows in the first liquid distribution cavity 4, the flowing space of the refrigerant does not change, so that the kinetic energy of the refrigerant is continuously reduced along with the flowing of the refrigerant, the mass flow of the refrigerant at each first liquid distribution hole 31 which sequentially flows through the refrigerant is continuously reduced naturally, the mass flow of the refrigerant at the first liquid distribution hole 31 which is close to the liquid inlet 21 is larger, the mass flow of the refrigerant at the first liquid distribution hole 31 which is far from the liquid inlet 21 is smaller, and the liquid equalizing effect is poorer. The projection of the upper cover 2 of part of the liquid distributor on the upper shell 3 is in a diamond shape, the liquid distributor of the type is generally provided with a liquid inlet in the middle, and the outlet of the liquid distributor is also generally provided in the middle, so that the liquid distributor has the problem of difficult installation. Compared with the two technical schemes, the technical scheme of the invention has the advantages that the projection of the upper cover 2 on the upper shell 3 is set to be trapezoidal, and the liquid inlet 21 is arranged at one side close to the lower bottom of the trapezoidal, so that the liquid homogenizing effect is better, the liquid inlet 21 is arranged at one side of the liquid distributor, the liquid distributor can not interfere with the outlet, and the effects of simple manufacture and convenient installation are achieved.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3 and according to the orientation shown in fig. 3, the plurality of first liquid distribution holes 31 form two upper and lower liquid distribution hole groups on the upper shell 3, and each liquid distribution hole group is arranged along the length direction of the upper shell 3, so that when the refrigerant flows along the axial direction of the first liquid distribution chamber 4, the refrigerant can better flow out through the plurality of first liquid distribution holes 31 arranged in the same direction, and can be better distributed along the length direction of the upper shell 3. The line between the centre of a circle of a plurality of first cloth liquid holes 31 in every cloth liquid hole group is parallel with the trapezoidal waist of adjacent one side, a plurality of first cloth liquid holes 31 are along the direction evenly distributed of waist, inlet 21 is located isosceles trapezoid's axis in the projection on last casing 3, on the one hand, just so, can avoid getting into the direct first cloth liquid hole 31 that is located inlet 21 below of refrigerant of first cloth liquid chamber 4 from inlet 21 and flow out, lead to being close to the refrigerant volume of inlet 21 department too much, other regions are too few, and then cause and divide liquid inequality. On the other hand, the liquid distribution area in the first liquid distribution chamber 4 is divided into an upper area and a lower area by the arrangement mode, a part of the refrigerant directly dropped into the middle area of the first liquid distribution chamber 4 inevitably flows into the upper area and the lower area, and the refrigerant can completely cover the middle area of the first liquid distribution chamber 4 and the areas on two sides of the first liquid distribution chamber 4 along the axial direction along with the flow of the refrigerant, so that the refrigerant can uniformly flow out through the two liquid distribution hole groups on the upper side and the lower side respectively, the refrigerant can be more uniformly distributed along the length direction and the width direction of the upper shell 3, and the liquid equalizing effect is effectively improved.
Obviously, the projection of the liquid inlet 21 on the upper housing 3 may not be disposed on the center line of the isosceles trapezoid, and it may be disposed at a position above or below the center line and between two liquid distribution hole groups, and those skilled in the art may flexibly select the projection according to the specific application scenario.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3 and according to the orientation shown in fig. 2, the trapezoid is an isosceles trapezoid, so that after the external refrigerant enters the first liquid distribution chamber 4 from the liquid inlet 21, when the external refrigerant flows along the axial direction of the first liquid distribution chamber 4, the flow space gradually, uniformly and synchronously decreases from the lower bottom to the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoid, thereby better ensuring that the kinetic energy of the refrigerant is not changed when the external refrigerant flows along the axial direction of the first liquid distribution chamber 4, and achieving a better liquid equalizing effect.
Further, the angle between the lower base and the waist of the isosceles trapezoid is 84-89 degrees, and the angle between the lower base and the waist is related to the flowing space in the first liquid distribution chamber 4. The length that keeps isosceles trapezoid's the last end with the in-process of adjustment contained angle does not become the example, like this along with isosceles trapezoid's the lower bottom and the contained angle between the waist reduces, isosceles trapezoid's the lower bottom is prolonged thereupon, is close to the flow space of this one side of the lower bottom of isosceles trapezoid and will increases relatively, the flow space near inlet 21 increases promptly, and the refrigerant flows and slows down, and the refrigerant has sufficient flow space diffusion to can promote holistic homocline effect better.
In consideration of the size limitation of the actual product, it is preferable that the angle between the lower base and the waist of the isosceles trapezoid is 85 degrees, at which the liquid-equalizing effect of the first liquid-distribution chamber 4 is the best. Specifically, taking the first liquid distribution hole 31 in the liquid distribution hole group positioned above in fig. 3 as an example, as shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 shows the change trends of the mass flow rates of the first liquid distribution holes at different positions when the included angles between the lower base and the waist of the isosceles trapezoid are 85 degrees, 88.7 degrees and 90 degrees, respectively. It can be seen that when the included angle is 85 degrees, the fluctuation of the flow rate of the first liquid distribution holes 31 at different positions in the axial direction is smaller, that is, the uniformity of the distribution of the mass flow rate of the refrigerant at the respective first liquid distribution holes 31 is better, compared with the included angles of 88.7 degrees and 90 degrees.
In a possible embodiment, the sum of the areas of all the first liquid distribution holes 31 is larger than the area of the liquid inlet 21, so that the refrigerant entering the first liquid distribution chamber 4 through the liquid inlet 21 can be ensured to flow out through the first liquid distribution holes 31 without forming accumulation in the first liquid distribution chamber 4, and the refrigerant is distributed unevenly.
Next, a possible arrangement of the dispenser according to the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, 5 and 6. Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid homogenizing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, 5 and 6 and according to the orientation shown in fig. 1, the liquid distributor further comprises a lower shell 6 and a liquid equalizing plate 5, wherein the lower shell 6 is connected with the lower surface of the upper shell 3. The liquid-equalizing plate 5 is substantially rectangular, has a width greater than that of the upper cover 2, and is disposed between the upper casing 3 and the lower casing 6, so that the liquid-equalizing effect in the width direction of the upper casing 3 can be improved by the liquid-equalizing plate 5.
The outer edge of the liquid-equalizing plate 5 is connected with the side wall of the lower shell 6, so that the liquid-equalizing plate 5 can be arranged between the upper shell 3 and the lower shell 6. In an assembled state, a second liquid distribution cavity 7 is defined between the side walls of the upper shell 3 and the lower shell 6 and between the liquid homogenizing plate 5, a third liquid distribution cavity 8 is defined between the liquid homogenizing plate 5 and the lower shell 6, a plurality of second liquid distribution holes 51 are uniformly arranged on the liquid homogenizing plate 5, a plurality of third liquid distribution holes 61 are uniformly arranged on the lower shell 6, thus, the plurality of second liquid distribution holes 51 are uniformly distributed on the liquid homogenizing plate 5, the plurality of third liquid distribution holes 61 are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the lower shell 6, and thus, the second liquid distribution cavity 7 and the third liquid distribution cavity 8 can be communicated through the second liquid distribution holes 51, then the third liquid distribution cavity 8 is communicated with the environment where the heat exchange tubes are located through the third liquid distribution holes 61, after the liquid in the first liquid distribution cavity 4 enters the second liquid distribution cavity 7 through the first liquid distribution holes 31, the liquid can further enter the third liquid distribution cavity 8 through the plurality of second liquid distribution holes 51, then the liquid is uniformly distributed through the third liquid distribution holes 61 and flows out to the surface of the heat exchange tube. Through such arrangement mode, the liquid refrigerant from the condenser flows out of the surface of the heat exchange tube after being subjected to liquid equalizing for three times in the liquid distributor, so that the uniform distribution of the refrigerant along the length direction and the width direction of the upper shell 3 can be ensured, the liquid equalizing effect of the liquid distributor is ensured, and the refrigerant can uniformly cover the surface of the heat exchange tube.
In a possible embodiment, the sum of the areas of all the second liquid distribution holes 51 is greater than the sum of the areas of all the first liquid distribution holes 31, and the sum of the areas of all the third liquid distribution holes 61 is greater than the sum of the areas of all the second liquid distribution holes 51, so that it can be ensured that the liquid entering the second liquid distribution chamber 7 from the first liquid distribution chamber 4 and entering the third liquid distribution chamber 8 from the second liquid distribution chamber 7 can timely and uniformly flow out through the second liquid distribution holes 51 and the third liquid distribution holes 61, and thus the refrigerant cannot be accumulated in the second liquid distribution chamber 7 and the third liquid distribution chamber 8, and further, a part of the refrigerant is more, a part of the refrigerant is less, and the liquid equalizing effect is poor.
In a possible embodiment, the projection of any one of the first liquid distribution holes 31 on the liquid equalizing plate 5 is not overlapped with any one of the second liquid distribution holes 51, and the projection of any one of the second liquid distribution holes 51 on the lower shell 6 is not overlapped with any one of the third liquid distribution holes 61, so that the occurrence of the situation that the liquid equalizing effect is poor due to the fact that the refrigerant flowing through the first liquid distribution holes 31 directly flows out of the second liquid distribution holes 51 and the refrigerant flowing through the second liquid distribution holes 51 directly flows out of the third liquid distribution holes 61 can be avoided.
As shown in fig. 1 and according to the orientation shown in fig. 1, the edge of the upper shell 3 is bent downward to form a first bent portion 32, the edge of the sidewall of the lower shell 6 is bent outward to form a second bent portion 62, and the second bent portion 62 and the first bent portion 32 can be hermetically connected by welding or riveting, so as to ensure the sealing performance of the liquid distributor. And because the refrigerant comes from the condenser, after exchanging heat with the heat exchange tube, becomes gaseous refrigerant and is pumped to the compressor again, if there is a leakage point between upper casing and the lower casing, gaseous refrigerant can carry part of refrigerant of leakage point when passing through the leakage point in the process of moving towards the export of liquid distributor, causes the problem that there is some liquid refrigerant in the gaseous refrigerant to the sealed setting of liquid distributor also can effectively prevent the refrigerant leakage and the problem that the compressor sucks the gas and takes liquid.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 3, fig. 5 and fig. 6 and according to the orientation shown in fig. 1, a plurality of first supporting strips 9 which are substantially in a long strip shape are arranged between the lower surface of the upper casing 3 and the upper surface of the liquid homogenizing plate 5, the first supporting strips 9 are respectively connected with the lower surface of the upper casing 3 and the upper surface of the liquid homogenizing plate 5, a plurality of second supporting strips 10 which are substantially in a long strip shape are arranged between the lower surface of the liquid homogenizing plate 5 and the upper surface of the lower casing 6, and the second supporting strips 10 are respectively connected with the lower surface of the liquid homogenizing plate 5 and the upper surface of the lower casing 6, so that the strength of the liquid homogenizing plate 5 and the strength of the lower casing 6 can be enhanced, the bending deformation of the liquid homogenizing plate 5 and the upper casing can be prevented, and the liquid homogenizing effect can be further influenced. The plurality of first supporting strips 9 are arranged at intervals, each first supporting strip 9 is not interfered with the first liquid distribution holes 31 and the second liquid distribution holes 51, the plurality of second supporting strips 10 are arranged at intervals, and each second supporting strip 10 is not interfered with the second liquid distribution holes 51 and the third liquid distribution holes 61. Through such mode of setting, just can be under the prerequisite that does not influence the homocline effect of liquid distributor, the intensity of the homocline board 5 of reinforcing and lower casing 6.
Obviously, it is also possible to provide the first supporting bars 9 only between the lower surface of the upper casing 3 and the upper surface of the liquid-uniforming plate 5, or to provide the second supporting bars 10 only between the lower surface of the liquid-uniforming plate 5 and the upper surface of the lower casing 6. Obviously, the first supporting strip 9 and the second supporting strip 10 may not be provided, and the liquid equalizing plate 5 and the lower housing 6 may be made of materials with higher strength. Of course, the skilled person can flexibly select the setting mode of enhancing the strength of the liquid homogenizing plate 5 and the lower shell 6 according to the specific application scene so as to adapt to more specific application occasions.
In this embodiment, the axial directions of the plurality of heat exchange tubes on the same horizontal plane inside the evaporator are distributed along the length direction of the upper housing 3, and the plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in parallel along the width direction of the upper housing 3.
In a possible embodiment, the distance between the centers of two adjacent third liquid distribution holes 61 distributed along the width direction of the upper shell 3 is the same as the distance between the axes of two adjacent heat exchange tubes, so that it can be ensured that the third liquid distribution holes 61 are positioned right above the heat exchange tubes, and the refrigerant coming out of the third liquid distribution holes 61 can reach the outer surface of each heat exchange tube.
In a possible embodiment, the distance between the centers of two adjacent third liquid distribution holes 61 distributed along the length direction of the upper shell 3 is less than or equal to the liquid film spreading wavelength λTWherein the liquid film spreading wavelength λTIs shown in equation (1):
where σ is the surface tension coefficient of the refrigerant liquid, ρlThe refrigerant liquid density, g, and n are the gravitational acceleration, and the thickness coefficient of the liquid film, and the value thereof is related to the thickness of the liquid film, and for example, if the liquid film is relatively thin, n is 2, and if the liquid film is relatively thick, n is 3. Generally, for working media with low viscosity, such as refrigerants, through practical observation, a liquid film formed on the heat exchange tube is relatively thin, and the value of n is more suitable for being 2.
The liquid film spreading wavelength lambdaTIndicating the taylor instability wavelength and the maximum axial distance over which the liquid flowing down from a single point can extend over the heat exchange tube. That is, when the distance between the centers of two adjacent third liquid distribution holes 61 is greater than the wavelength, there is necessarily a partial region between the distances between the centers of the two third liquid distribution holes 61, where the partial region cannot be covered by the liquid filmAnd (6) packaging. For this purpose, the distance between the centers of two adjacent third liquid distribution holes 61 is less than or equal to the spreading wavelength lambda of the liquid filmTThe refrigerant coming out of the third liquid distribution holes 61 can be ensured to form a complete, continuous and uniform liquid film on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube, and the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator is improved.
The invention also provides an evaporator which comprises the liquid distributor in any scheme, wherein a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the evaporator, and the liquid distributor is arranged above the heat exchange tubes.
Through the arrangement mode, the external refrigerant is uniformly distributed on the surface of the heat exchange tube through the liquid distributor, and an even liquid film is formed on the surface of the heat exchange tube, so that the heat exchange tube can better exchange heat with fluid in the heat exchange tube, and the heat exchange efficiency can be effectively improved. Moreover, the evaporator has all the technical effects of the liquid distributor, and the details are not repeated herein.
The invention also provides an air conditioning system which comprises the evaporator in any scheme.
It should be noted that the air conditioning system has all the technical effects of the evaporator described above, and the details are not described herein.
In summary, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the projection of the upper cover 2 on the upper housing 3 is trapezoidal, and the liquid inlet 21 is disposed on one side of the upper cover 2 close to the lower bottom of the trapezoid, so that the refrigerant flows from the lower bottom of the trapezoid to one side of the upper bottom of the trapezoid after entering the first liquid distribution chamber 4, the flow space is gradually reduced, and the refrigerant is continuously collected into the reduced flow space, thereby the kinetic energy of the refrigerant can be kept substantially unchanged, and the mass flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through each first liquid distribution hole 31 is substantially the same, thereby achieving a better liquid equalizing effect. The plurality of first liquid distribution holes 31 form two liquid distribution hole groups, a connecting line between circle centers of the plurality of first liquid distribution holes 31 in each liquid distribution hole group is parallel to the waist of the trapezoid on the adjacent side, the trapezoid is an isosceles trapezoid, and an included angle between the lower bottom and the waist of the isosceles trapezoid is 84-89 degrees, so that the refrigerant can be better and more uniformly distributed along the length direction and the width direction of the upper shell 3, and the liquid equalizing effect is improved. The distance between the centers of circles of the two adjacent third liquid distribution holes 61 distributed along the width direction of the upper shell 3 is set to be the same as the distance between the axes of the two adjacent heat exchange tubes, and the distance between the centers of circles of the two adjacent third liquid distribution holes 61 distributed along the length direction of the upper shell 3 is set to be less than or equal to the liquid film spreading wavelength, so that the liquid distributor can better and more uniformly distribute the liquid to the surfaces of the heat exchange tubes, and the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator is improved.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims of the present invention, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A liquid distributor is characterized by comprising an upper cover and an upper shell, wherein a first liquid distribution cavity is formed between the upper cover and the upper surface of the upper shell in an enclosing manner, a plurality of first liquid distribution holes are formed in the position, located in the first liquid distribution cavity, of the upper shell, a liquid inlet is formed in the upper cover,
the upper cover is arranged along the length direction of the upper shell, the projection of the upper cover on the upper shell is trapezoidal, and the liquid inlet is formed in one side, close to the bottom of the trapezoid, of the upper cover.
2. The liquid distributor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first liquid distribution holes form two liquid distribution hole groups, and each liquid distribution hole group is arranged along the length direction of the upper shell.
3. The liquid distributor according to claim 2, wherein a connecting line between the centers of the first liquid distribution holes in each liquid distribution hole group is parallel to the waist of the trapezoid on the adjacent side.
4. The liquid distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that the trapezoid is an isosceles trapezoid, and the included angle between the lower base and the waist of the isosceles trapezoid is 84-89 degrees.
5. The liquid distributor according to claim 1, further comprising a lower casing connected to a lower surface of the upper casing, and a liquid-uniforming plate located between the upper casing and the lower casing and having an outer edge connected to a sidewall of the lower casing,
in an assembled state, a second liquid distribution cavity is formed by enclosing among the upper shell, the side wall of the lower shell and the liquid homogenizing plate, a third liquid distribution cavity is formed by enclosing between the liquid homogenizing plate and the lower shell,
the liquid homogenizing plate is provided with a plurality of second liquid distribution holes, and the lower shell is provided with a plurality of third liquid distribution holes.
6. The liquid distributor according to claim 5, wherein the edge of the upper shell is bent downward to form a first bent portion, and the edge of the side wall of the lower shell is bent outward to form a second bent portion, and the second bent portion is in sealing connection with the first bent portion.
7. The liquid distributor according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of first supporting bars are arranged between the lower surface of the upper shell and the upper surface of the liquid distribution plate, the plurality of first supporting bars are arranged at intervals, and each first supporting bar is not interfered with the first liquid distribution hole and the second liquid distribution hole respectively; and/or
The lower surface of the liquid equalizing plate and the upper surface of the lower shell are provided with a plurality of second support strips, the second support strips are arranged at intervals and are arranged at intervals, and the second support strips are respectively not interfered with the second liquid distributing holes and the third liquid distributing holes.
8. The liquid distributor according to claim 5, wherein the distance between the centers of two adjacent third liquid distribution holes distributed in the width direction of the upper shell is the same as the distance between the axes of two adjacent heat exchange tubes; and/or
And the distance between the circle centers of two adjacent third liquid distribution holes distributed along the length direction of the upper shell is less than or equal to the spreading wavelength of the liquid film.
9. An evaporator, characterized in that the evaporator comprises the liquid distributor as claimed in any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the evaporator, and the liquid distributor is arranged above the heat exchange tubes.
10. An air conditioning system, characterized in that it comprises an evaporator according to claim 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011042136.0A CN114278994A (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | Liquid distributor, evaporator and air conditioning system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011042136.0A CN114278994A (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | Liquid distributor, evaporator and air conditioning system |
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| CN114278994A true CN114278994A (en) | 2022-04-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011042136.0A Pending CN114278994A (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | Liquid distributor, evaporator and air conditioning system |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6868695B1 (en) * | 2004-04-13 | 2005-03-22 | American Standard International Inc. | Flow distributor and baffle system for a falling film evaporator |
| CN207778872U (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-08-28 | 重庆美的通用制冷设备有限公司 | Distributor, falling film evaporator and refrigeration unit for falling film evaporator |
| CN108917232A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-11-30 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Liquid distributor, heat exchanger and air-conditioner set |
| CN112344604A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2021-02-09 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Liquid equalizing device and air conditioner |
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2020
- 2020-09-28 CN CN202011042136.0A patent/CN114278994A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6868695B1 (en) * | 2004-04-13 | 2005-03-22 | American Standard International Inc. | Flow distributor and baffle system for a falling film evaporator |
| CN207778872U (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-08-28 | 重庆美的通用制冷设备有限公司 | Distributor, falling film evaporator and refrigeration unit for falling film evaporator |
| CN108917232A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-11-30 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Liquid distributor, heat exchanger and air-conditioner set |
| CN112344604A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2021-02-09 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Liquid equalizing device and air conditioner |
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