CN114278926B - Boiler power-off protection system - Google Patents
Boiler power-off protection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114278926B CN114278926B CN202111415387.3A CN202111415387A CN114278926B CN 114278926 B CN114278926 B CN 114278926B CN 202111415387 A CN202111415387 A CN 202111415387A CN 114278926 B CN114278926 B CN 114278926B
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 166
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The application provides a boiler power-loss protection system, relates to boiler technical field, and when solving present power plant and taking place the power failure accident, a large amount of high temperature circulation lime-ash fall back and pile up in external heat exchanger bottom, lead to the technical problem of heating surface damage. The system comprises a boiler, a heat exchanger and a slag discharge pipeline, wherein the boiler is provided with an outlet and an inlet, and the heat exchanger is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet; the outlet of the boiler is communicated with the first inlet of the heat exchanger, and the first outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of the boiler; the heat exchanger is also provided with a slag discharging port, and the inlet of the slag discharging pipeline is communicated with the slag discharging port.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of boilers, in particular to a boiler power-loss protection system.
Background
The circulating fluidized bed combustion technology is an efficient clean combustion technology developed in recent years, and an external heat exchanger is generally arranged for further improving the capacity and steam parameter level of a circulating fluidized bed unit, controlling the temperature of a boiler bed layer and the temperature of reheat steam, and improving the flexibility of unit load adjustment.
However, when a power failure accident occurs in the power plant, the gas-solid two-phase flow in the boiler stops fluidization, a large amount of high-temperature circulating ash can fall back to the bottom of the external heat exchanger, so that the high-temperature circulating ash is accumulated, the heating surface in the external heat exchanger is continuously heated, and the heating surface is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a boiler power-loss protection system can be used for solving when the present power plant takes place the power failure accident, and a large amount of high temperature circulation lime-ash fall back and pile up in external heat exchanger bottom, leads to the technical problem that the heated surface damaged.
The embodiment of the application provides a boiler power-loss protection system, which comprises a boiler, a heat exchanger and a slag discharging pipeline, wherein the boiler is provided with an outlet and an inlet, and the heat exchanger is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet; the outlet of the boiler is communicated with the first inlet of the heat exchanger, and the first outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of the boiler;
the heat exchanger is also provided with a slag discharging port, and the inlet of the slag discharging pipeline is communicated with the slag discharging port.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the heat exchanger has at least two of the slag discharge ports, and the system includes at least two of the slag discharge pipes;
the number of the slag discharging ports is the same as that of the slag discharging pipelines, and one slag discharging port corresponds to one slag discharging pipeline.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the heat exchanger has a heating surface therein, and the slag discharging port is disposed at a bottom of a side wall of the heat exchanger, and the side wall is parallel to the heating surface.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the heat exchanger has a plurality of heating surfaces, and the plurality of heating surfaces are spaced from the bottom surface of the heat exchanger by a first preset distance.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the system further comprises a first valve;
the first valve is arranged on the slag discharging pipeline.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the system further comprises a cold storage bin and a cold material conveying pipe, the cold storage bin having an outlet, the heat exchanger further having a second inlet;
the outlet of the cold material bin is communicated with the inlet of the cold material conveying pipeline, and the outlet of the cold material conveying pipeline is communicated with the second inlet of the heat exchanger.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the system further comprises a second valve;
the second valve is arranged on the cold material conveying pipeline.
Optionally, in one embodiment, the system further comprises a slag storage bin and a slag conveying pipeline, the slag storage bin having an inlet and an outlet;
the outlet of the slag discharging pipeline is communicated with the inlet of the slag storage bin, the outlet of the slag storage bin is communicated with the inlet of the slag conveying pipeline, and the outlet of the slag conveying pipeline is communicated with the inlet of the boiler.
Optionally, in one embodiment, a thermal insulation layer is disposed within the slag storage bin.
Optionally, in one embodiment, a cold material inlet is further arranged on the slag discharging pipeline;
the cold material inlet is positioned between the first valve and the inlet of the slag discharging pipeline.
The beneficial effects brought by the embodiment of the application are as follows:
the boiler power-loss protection system comprises a boiler, a heat exchanger and a slag discharging pipeline, wherein the boiler is provided with an outlet and an inlet, and the heat exchanger is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet; the outlet of the boiler is communicated with the first inlet of the heat exchanger, and the first outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of the boiler; the heat exchanger is also provided with a slag discharge port, and the inlet of the slag discharge pipeline is communicated with the slag discharge port; by arranging the slag discharging port on the heat exchanger and arranging the slag discharging pipeline to be communicated with the slag discharging port, when a power failure accident occurs in the power plant, a large amount of high-temperature circulating slag falls back to the heat exchanger, and the high-temperature circulating slag accumulated in the heat exchanger to bury the heating surface can be led out from the slag discharging port and the slag discharging channel, so that the condition that the heating surface is damaged due to continuous heating of the heating surface by the high-temperature circulating slag can be avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. In the drawings:
fig. 1 and fig. 2 are schematic structural diagrams of a boiler power loss protection system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
10-a boiler power-off protection system; 101-a boiler; 102-a heat exchanger; 1021-a slag discharge port; 1022-heat exchange pipeline; 1023-partition walls; 103-a slag discharge pipeline; 1031—a cold charge inlet; 104-a first valve; 105, a cold material bin; 106, a cold material conveying pipeline; 107-a second valve; 108, a slag storage bin; 109-ash conveying pipeline.
Detailed Description
For the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments of the present application and corresponding drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
The features of the terms "first", "second", and the like in the description and in the claims of this application may be used for descriptive or implicit inclusion of one or more such features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more. Furthermore, in the description and claims, "and/or" means at least one of the connected objects, and the character "/", generally means that the associated object is an "or" relationship.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.
As described in the background art of the present application, in the normal operation process of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, high temperature flue gas and circulating ash generated by the boiler furnace are discharged from the top of the boiler, high temperature ash is separated by the separator, the high temperature ash is divided into two parallel paths, and the two paths return to the furnace respectively, one path returns to the furnace directly without any heat exchange, and the other path enters the external heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the heating surface therein, and then returns to the boiler furnace for full combustion again, thereby forming a cycle. When an emergency unplanned power failure accident occurs in the power plant, on one hand, the circulation is stopped due to the shutdown of a primary fan, a secondary fan and the like, a large amount of high-temperature circulating ash can fall back to an external heat exchanger to be accumulated, part of heating surfaces are buried, and the heating surfaces are continuously heated; on the other hand, the steam-water system can stop running, so that the water supply of the boiler is interrupted, the steam-water system in a direct-current mode is adopted by the large-scale circulating fluidized bed boiler with the steam parameters of supercritical grade and above, a large amount of water is not stored in the steam drum, and enough working medium cooling in the heating surface cannot be ensured, at the moment, the heat exchange medium in a heat exchange pipeline of the heating surface of the external heat exchanger is gradually reduced, even a dry burning phenomenon can occur, and the heat of high-temperature circulating ash slag buried in the heating surface cannot be taken away in time; therefore, the temperature of the heating surface is continuously increased, so that the heating surface has the hidden trouble of overtemperature failure, and the conditions of cracking and the like caused by the overhigh temperature of the heating surface can be finally caused.
In view of this, the embodiment of the present application provides a boiler power-loss protection system 10, which can be used for solving the technical problem that when the power-loss accident occurs in the current power plant, a large amount of high-temperature circulating ash falls back and is accumulated at the bottom of the external heat exchanger, resulting in damage to the heating surface of the external heat exchanger. As shown in fig. 1-2 (fig. 2 is a left side view of the heat exchanger 102 and the slag discharge pipe 103, etc. of fig. 1), the system 10 comprises a boiler 101, the heat exchanger 102 and the slag discharge pipe 103, the boiler 101 having an outlet and an inlet, the heat exchanger 102 having a first inlet and a first outlet; the outlet of the boiler 101 communicates with the first inlet of the heat exchanger 102, the first outlet of the heat exchanger 102 communicates with the inlet of the boiler 10; the heat exchanger 102 also has a slag discharge port 1021, and the inlet of the slag discharge pipe 103 is communicated with the slag discharge port 1021.
The boiler 101 may specifically be a circulating fluidized bed boiler. The heat exchanger 102 is arranged outside the boiler 101 and may also be referred to as an external heat exchanger. A separator (not shown) may be further disposed between the boiler 101 and the heat exchanger 102, the boiler 101 is connected to the separator, the separator is connected to the heat exchanger 102, and then the heat exchanger 102 is connected to the boiler 101 again to form a circulation path.
As shown in fig. 1, a heat exchange pipeline 1022 is arranged in the heat exchanger 102, the heat exchange pipeline 1022 is arranged in a serpentine shape in the heat exchanger 102, and the serpentine heat exchange pipeline 1022 forms a heating surface M parallel to a side wall a of the heat exchanger 102; as the number of the heat exchange pipes 1022 increases, a plurality of heating surfaces M may be formed, and the plurality of heating surfaces M may be disposed in parallel with each other in the heat exchanger 102, as shown in fig. 2. Under normal operation, the medium flow in the heat exchange pipeline 1022 can take away the heat transferred to the heating surface by the high-temperature circulating ash. In practical applications, the heating surface formed by the heat exchange pipe 1022 may be parallel to the side wall a of the heat exchanger 102, or may be perpendicular to the side wall a of the heat exchanger 102.
In fig. 1, the slag discharge port 1021 is not shown in fig. 1, and the slag discharge port 1021 is specifically shown in fig. 2, since the inlet of the slag discharge duct 103 shields the slag discharge port 1021. When a power failure accident occurs in the power plant and a large amount of high-temperature circulating ash falls back to the heat exchanger 102, the slag discharge port 1021 can be used for discharging the high-temperature circulating ash accumulated in the heat exchanger 102. The slag discharge pipe 103 is communicated with the slag discharge port 1021, and can be used for further guiding the high-temperature circulating slag accumulated in the heat exchanger 102 out of the heat exchanger 102, so that the high-temperature circulating slag can be smoothly and rapidly discharged, and the included angle alpha between the slag discharge pipe 103 and the gravity direction is an acute angle, such as 30 degrees, 60 degrees and the like.
It can be appreciated that, by adopting the boiler power-loss protection system 10 provided by the embodiment of the application, the slag discharge port 1021 is arranged on the heat exchanger 102, and the slag discharge pipeline 103 is arranged to be communicated with the slag discharge port 1021, so that when a power plant has a power-loss accident, a large amount of high-temperature circulating ash drops back to the heat exchanger 102, the high-temperature circulating ash accumulated in the heat exchanger 102 to bury the heating surface can be led out from the slag discharge port 1021 and the slag discharge channel 103, and the condition that the heating surface is damaged due to continuous heating of the heating surface by the high-temperature circulating ash can be avoided.
In addition, in the prior art, a mode of adding an emergency water supplementing system (namely, a diesel water feeding pump, a water supplementing tank and the like) of the boiler can be adopted, so that the boiler system is supplied with water when power is lost, and the purpose of cooling a heating surface is achieved. However, the system has high initial investment, and needs to be periodically started, overhauled and other maintenance works, so that the operation and maintenance costs are high. Meanwhile, under the current power grid security defense system, power failure accidents of the power plant are rare. By adopting the boiler power-loss protection system 10 provided by the embodiment of the application, a complex system is not required to be configured, complex maintenance is not required to be carried out on the system, the cost is low, and the efficiency is high.
In order to further and rapidly discharge the high-temperature circulating ash accumulated in the heat exchanger 120, in one embodiment, the boiler power-loss protection system 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes at least two slag discharge pipes 103, the heat exchanger 102 has at least two slag discharge ports 1021, the number of the slag discharge ports 1021 is the same as that of the slag discharge pipes 103, and one slag discharge port 1021 corresponds to one slag discharge pipe 103.
Wherein, a slag discharging port 1021 corresponds to a slag discharging pipeline 103, and specifically, a slag discharging port 1021 is communicated with a slag discharging pipeline 103.
The number of the slag discharging ports 1021 and the number of the slag discharging pipes 103 may be plural, respectively; as shown in fig. 2, the embodiment of the present application includes two slag discharging pipelines 103, and the heat exchanger 102 has two slag discharging ports 1021. It should be understood that fig. 2 includes two slag discharging pipelines 103 and two slag discharging ports 1021, which are only examples, and are not meant to limit the application, and that in practical applications, more slag discharging pipelines 103 and slag discharging ports 1021 may be provided according to practical needs.
The slag discharge port 1021 can be arranged on the bottom surface of the heat exchanger 102, can be arranged on the side wall of the heat exchanger 102, and can be specifically arranged according to the arrangement condition of the heating surface in the heat exchanger 102. As shown in fig. 2, when the plurality of heating surfaces M in the heat exchanger 102 are disposed in parallel with each other, in order to facilitate the discharge of the high-temperature circulating ash, the slag discharge port 1021 may be disposed at the bottom of a sidewall a of the heat exchanger 102, which is parallel with the heating surfaces M. In case of two slag discharge ports 1021, the two slag discharge ports 1021 may be respectively provided at bottoms of two opposite side walls a of the heat exchanger 102, which are both parallel to the heating surface M, and symmetrically provided.
The shape and size of the slag discharge port 1021 may be set according to actual requirements, and in order to increase the discharge speed of the high-temperature circulating ash, the slag discharge port 1021 may be expanded as much as possible, for example, the size of the slag discharge port 1021 is equal to or larger than the size of the heated surface in the direction parallel to the side wall a. In a more preferred embodiment, the slag discharge opening 1021 is rectangular, and the length of the side parallel to the bottom surface of the heat exchanger 102 is greater than or equal to the length of the side parallel to the side wall a in the projection of the heating surface on the bottom surface of the heat exchanger 102. For example, the slag discharge port 1021 is rectangular, the length of the side of the rectangle parallel to the bottom surface of the heat exchanger 102 is a, the length of the side parallel to the side wall A provided with the slag discharge port 1021 in the projection of the heated surface on the bottom surface of the heat exchanger 102 is b, and then a is greater than or equal to b. With this arrangement, the high-temperature circulating ash falling back in the heat exchanger 102 can be directly discharged from the slag discharge port 1021, so that the high-temperature circulating ash can be smoothly and rapidly discharged.
To further facilitate the removal of the high temperature circulating ash within the heat exchanger 102, in one embodiment, the heated surface M within the heat exchanger 102 is a first predetermined distance from the bottom surface B of the heat exchanger 102.
In other words, the bottom edge of the heating surface M is spaced apart from the bottom surface B of the heat exchanger 102 by a certain distance without contacting the bottom surface B of the heat exchanger 102 with the heating surface M. The first preset distance can be set according to actual conditions.
As shown in fig. 2, the heating surfaces M are not in contact with the bottom surface B of the heat exchanger 102, and are spaced apart from each other by a first predetermined distance, so that a flow path of the high-temperature circulating ash can be formed, as shown by dotted arrows in fig. 2. Then, the high-temperature circulating ash between the heating surfaces M moves downwards along the gravity direction, and then flows to the slag discharging pipeline 103 through the space formed between the lower part of the heating surfaces M and the bottom of the heat exchanger 102.
It can be appreciated that, through the above scheme, by setting the heating surface M to be at a first preset distance from the bottom surface of the heat exchanger 102, a flow channel of the high-temperature circulating ash is formed, so that the situation that the flow of the high-temperature circulating ash is blocked due to the connection between the heating surface M and the bottom surface B of the heat exchanger 102 can be avoided, and the high-temperature circulating ash in the heat exchanger 102 can be smoothly discharged.
In order to avoid the high-temperature circulating ash escaping from the slag discharge pipeline 103 during normal operation (without power failure), and further to affect the operation of the boiler, in one embodiment, the power failure protection system 10 for the boiler provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes a first valve 104, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, where the first valve 104 is disposed on the slag discharge pipeline 103.
The first valve 104 can be used for controlling the on-off of the slag discharging pipeline 103. When the boiler works normally, namely the circulation is performed normally, the first valve 104 can be controlled to be closed, and then the slag discharge pipeline 103 is closed, so that high-temperature circulating ash can be prevented from escaping from the slag discharge pipeline 103 in the circulation process. When a power failure accident occurs, the first valve 104 can be controlled to be opened, so that the slag discharge pipeline 103 is conducted, and high-temperature circulating ash slag falling back to the heat exchanger 102 due to the power failure can be discharged from the slag discharge pipeline 103.
In order to make the slag discharging pipeline 103 conduct in time under the condition of power failure and further discharge the high-temperature circulating slag in the heat exchanger 102 in time, the first valve 104 can be an electromagnetic driving valve, when the power is on, the first valve 104 is closed, and when the power is off, the first valve 104 can be instantaneously opened; the shutter of the first valve 104 is controlled by an electromagnet, for example, so that the first valve 104 is closed or opened when the power is turned on or off. The first valve 104 may also be a pneumatic valve, the pneumatic valve may further be connected to a pneumatic actuator, the pneumatic actuator may further be connected to a heat exchange pipeline 1022, when the high-temperature circulating ash in the heat exchanger 102 is accumulated to continuously heat the heating surface, the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pipeline 1022 is continuously increased, the steam volume of the heat exchange medium is rapidly expanded, and then the steam pressure in the heat exchange pipeline 1022 is increased, after the threshold value is reached, the pneumatic actuator may respond to control the first valve 104 to be opened, and the high-temperature circulating ash is discharged. The threshold value can be set according to actual requirements.
Further, in one embodiment, the slag discharging pipeline 103 is further provided with a cold material inlet 1031, and the cold material inlet 1031 is located between the first valve 104 and the inlet of the slag discharging pipeline 103.
Wherein the cold material inlet 1031 may be used to feed cold material into the slag discharge pipe 103, which cold material may be ash having a temperature lower than the temperature of the high temperature circulating ash, in particular, may be room temperature ash, which ash is homogenous with the high temperature circulating ash.
The cold material inlet 1031 may be specifically used to inject cold material into the slag discharging pipe 103 when no power failure accident occurs, and the cold material injected into the slag discharging pipe 103 exists between the inlet of the slag discharging pipe 103 and the first valve 104 (at this time, the first valve 104 is in a closed state), so that the first valve 104 may be isolated from the high temperature circulating ash in the heat exchanger 102. In actual operation, when the high-temperature circulating ash is led out through the slag discharging pipeline 103, the high-temperature circulating ash has a higher temperature, and if the high-temperature circulating ash is in direct contact with the first valve 104, the first valve 104 may be damaged. By isolating the first valve 104 from the high temperature circulating ash by passing in the cold charge, the damage to the first valve 104 is avoided as the cold charge is a poor conductor of heat.
The cold material inlet 1031 may also be in communication with a cold material storage device, which may be the cold material bin 105 or other device, in particular via a transfer conduit (not shown). Corresponding valves can be arranged on the conveying pipelines for conducting the conveying pipelines and injecting cold materials into the slag discharging pipeline 103 before the power failure accident occurs.
In one embodiment, the boiler power loss protection system 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes a cold material bin 105 and a cold material conveying pipeline 106, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cold material bin 105 has an outlet, and the heat exchanger 102 further has a second inlet; the outlet of the cold stock bin 105 is in communication with the inlet of the cold stock transfer pipe 106, and the outlet of the cold stock transfer pipe 106 is in communication with the second inlet of the heat exchanger 102.
Wherein the cold hopper 105 is used to store ash having a temperature lower than the temperature of the high temperature circulating ash, which may be, for example, room temperature ash, which is homogenous with the high temperature circulating ash. The cold material conveying pipe 106 is used for conveying ash (hereinafter may also be referred to as cold material) with a lower temperature in the cold material bin 105 into the heat exchanger 102 when power is lost.
In order to smoothly convey the ash in the cold storage 105 into the heat exchanger 102, the second inlet may be disposed at the top of the heat exchanger 102, the cold storage 105 may be disposed above the heat exchanger 103, and when a power failure accident occurs, the ash in the cold storage 105 may be smoothly and rapidly input into the heat exchanger 102 by gravity.
It can be appreciated that through the above scheme, the cold material bin 105 and the cold material conveying pipeline 106 are arranged, when a power failure accident occurs, the ash slag with lower temperature stored in the cold material bin 101 enters the heat exchanger 102, and the cold material entering the heat exchanger 102 can keep the potential energy for pushing the high-temperature circulating ash slag accumulated in the heat exchanger 102 to be discharged from the slag discharging pipeline 103 under the action of gravity, so that the high-temperature circulating ash slag can be continuously discharged from the heat exchanger 102 at a higher speed, and further the contact time of the high-temperature circulating ash slag and a heating surface can be reduced, and the damage of the heating surface can be further avoided. On the other hand, the cold material entering the heat exchanger 102 can be mixed with the high-temperature circulating ash which is not deposited, so that the temperature of the high-temperature circulating ash and the temperature of the inner space of the heat exchanger 102 are reduced, the temperature of the heating surface is reduced rapidly, and the heating surface is prevented from being damaged further.
In one embodiment, the heat exchanger 102 may be internally provided with a partition 1023 (the partition 1023 may be a flat plate-shaped wall, two ends of the wall may be connected to the side wall a), the partition 1023 may be perpendicular to the heating surface M formed by the heat exchange pipe 1022, and may be parallel to the heating surface M formed by the heat exchange pipe 1022, one side of the heat exchange pipe 1022 adjacent to the partition 1023 may be spaced from the partition 1023 by a second predetermined distance, thereby forming a space, and the second inlet of the heat exchanger 102 for introducing cold material may be disposed above the space. By the arrangement, cold materials can pass through the space conveniently and rapidly and are mixed with high-temperature circulating ash slag accumulated between the heating surfaces M. The cold material entering the heat exchanger 102 at a higher speed through the cold material bin 105 also avoids scouring the heating surface M, thereby reducing the abrasion of the heating surface M.
In order to avoid that cold materials in the cold material bin 105 are conveyed into the heat exchanger 102 from the cold material conveying pipeline 106 during normal operation, and affect the operation of the boiler, in one embodiment, the boiler power-loss protection system 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes a second valve 107; as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the second valve 107 is provided on the cold feed pipe 106.
Wherein, the second valve 107 can be used for controlling the on-off state of the cold material conveying pipeline 106. When the boiler works normally, the second valve 107 can be controlled to be closed, and then the cold material conveying pipeline 106 is closed, so that cold material in the cold material bin 105 can be prevented from being conveyed into the heat exchanger 102 during normal work. When a power failure accident occurs, the second valve 107 can be controlled to be opened, so that the cold material conveying pipeline 106 is conducted, cold material in the cold material bin 105 can enter the heat exchanger 102, high-temperature circulating ash in the heat exchanger 102 is pushed to be discharged, and the cold material can be mixed with the high-temperature circulating ash to reduce the temperature in the heat exchanger 102. The cold materials in the cold storage bin 105 can be added into the cold storage bin 105 for storage when no power failure accident occurs.
In order to make the cold material conveying pipeline 106 be conducted in time under the condition of power failure, so as to discharge the high-temperature circulating ash in the heat exchanger 102 in time and reduce the temperature in the heat exchanger 102 as soon as possible, the second valve 107 can be an electromagnetic driving valve, when the power is on, the second valve 107 is closed, and when the power is off, the second valve 107 can be opened instantaneously; the shutter of the second valve 107 is controlled by an electromagnet, for example, to realize the closed or open state of the second valve 107 when the power is turned on or off. The second valve 107 may also be a pneumatic valve, the pneumatic valve may further be connected to a pneumatic actuator, the pneumatic actuator may further be connected to the heat exchange pipeline 1022, when the high-temperature circulating ash is accumulated to continuously heat the heating surface, the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pipeline 1022 is continuously increased, the volume of the heat exchange medium steam is rapidly expanded, and then the steam pressure in the heat exchange pipeline 1022 is increased, after reaching the threshold value, the pneumatic actuator may respond to control the second valve 107 to be opened, and the cold material is conveyed to the heat exchanger 102. In practical applications, the pneumatic actuator for controlling the second valve 107 and the pneumatic actuator for controlling the first valve 104 may be the same pneumatic actuator or different pneumatic actuators.
In one embodiment, the boiler power loss protection system 10 provided in the embodiments of the present application further includes a slag storage bin 108 and a slag conveying pipe 109, the slag storage bin 108 having an inlet and an outlet; the outlet of the slag discharge pipeline 103 is communicated with the inlet of the slag storage bin 108, the outlet of the slag storage bin 108 is communicated with the inlet of the slag conveying pipeline 109, and the outlet of the slag conveying pipeline 109 is communicated with the inlet of the boiler 101.
Wherein, the slag storage bin 108 is used for storing the high-temperature circulating slag discharged by the slag discharge pipeline 103, and the slag conveying pipeline 109 is used for conveying the high-temperature circulating slag in the slag storage bin 108 to the boiler 101 again for recycling combustion after electric power is recovered. When there are a plurality of slag discharging pipes 103, the plurality of slag discharging pipes 103 may be connected to the same slag storage bin 108, or may be connected to different slag storage bins 108, which is not limited in this embodiment.
It can be appreciated that by adopting the above scheme, through setting up the slag storage bin 108 and the ash conveying pipeline 109, and setting up the export of the slag discharging pipeline 103 and the entry intercommunication of slag storage bin 108, the export of slag storage bin 108 and the entry intercommunication of ash conveying pipeline 109, the export of ash conveying pipeline 109 and the entry intercommunication of boiler 101 for outage accident solution, after the boiler resumes normal operating, can carry the high temperature circulation ash to boiler 101 again and circulate the burning, resources are saved.
Further, in one embodiment, a thermal insulation layer is disposed within the slag storage compartment 108. In other words, the inner wall of the slag storage bin 108 may be a heat-insulating wall, so that heat dissipation of the high-temperature circulating ash in the slag storage bin 108 may be further reduced, and when the power is turned on to resume normal operation, the high-temperature circulating ash stored in the slag storage bin 108 may be conveyed back to the boiler 101 for reuse, and the energy required for restarting the boiler 101 is further saved due to less heat loss of the reused high-temperature circulating ash. In addition, the granularity of the high-temperature circulating ash can just form the particle agglomeration of the rapid bed at the upper part of the hearth, so that the heat transfer requirement of the boiler is met, and the load of the boiler is rapidly increased.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises the element.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting thereof; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.
Claims (8)
1. A boiler power loss protection system, comprising a boiler, a heat exchanger and a slag discharge pipeline, wherein the boiler is provided with an outlet and an inlet, and the heat exchanger is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet; the outlet of the boiler is communicated with the first inlet of the heat exchanger, and the first outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of the boiler;
the heat exchanger is also provided with a slag discharge port, and the inlet of the slag discharge pipeline is communicated with the slag discharge port;
the heat exchanger is internally provided with a heating surface, the slag discharging port is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the heat exchanger, and the side wall is parallel to the heating surface;
the system further comprises a cold material bin and a cold material conveying pipeline, wherein the cold material bin is provided with an outlet, and the heat exchanger is further provided with a second inlet;
the outlet of the cold material bin is communicated with the inlet of the cold material conveying pipeline, and the outlet of the cold material conveying pipeline is communicated with the second inlet of the heat exchanger.
2. The boiler power loss protection system of claim 1, wherein said heat exchanger has at least two of said slag discharge ports, said system including at least two of said slag discharge pipes;
the number of the slag discharging ports is the same as that of the slag discharging pipelines, and one slag discharging port corresponds to one slag discharging pipeline.
3. The boiler power loss protection system of claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger has a plurality of said heating surfaces therein, the plurality of said heating surfaces being a first predetermined distance from a bottom surface of the heat exchanger.
4. The boiler power loss protection system of claim 1, further comprising a first valve;
the first valve is arranged on the slag discharging pipeline.
5. The boiler power loss protection system of claim 1, further comprising a second valve;
the second valve is arranged on the cold material conveying pipeline.
6. The boiler power loss protection system of claim 1, further comprising a slag storage bin and a slag transport conduit, the slag storage bin having an inlet and an outlet;
the outlet of the slag discharging pipeline is communicated with the inlet of the slag storage bin, the outlet of the slag storage bin is communicated with the inlet of the slag conveying pipeline, and the outlet of the slag conveying pipeline is communicated with the inlet of the boiler.
7. The boiler power loss protection system of claim 6, wherein a thermal insulation layer is disposed in the slag storage bin.
8. The boiler power-loss protection system according to claim 4, wherein the slag discharging pipeline is further provided with a cold material inlet;
the cold material inlet is positioned between the first valve and the inlet of the slag discharging pipeline.
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