CN114277906B - Drainage system and construction method for pit slope residual water - Google Patents
Drainage system and construction method for pit slope residual water Download PDFInfo
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- CN114277906B CN114277906B CN202111450220.0A CN202111450220A CN114277906B CN 114277906 B CN114277906 B CN 114277906B CN 202111450220 A CN202111450220 A CN 202111450220A CN 114277906 B CN114277906 B CN 114277906B
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
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- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a drainage system and a construction method for residual water of a pit slope, wherein the drainage system for residual water of the pit slope comprises the following components: the seepage layer, the impermeable layer, the preset water filtering component and the water collecting tank; the infiltration layer is followed gentle face go up the domatic with the surface of domatic down is laid, the barrier layer is laid on gentle face, a portion of barrier layer extends to in the infiltration layer, at least a portion of barrier layer with form the catchment area between at least a portion of last domatic, predetermine the drainage subassembly setting in the catchment area, predetermine the drainage subassembly including the aqueduct that the slope set up and the setting are in the filter layer of the outer wall of aqueduct, be equipped with a plurality of infiltration holes on the outer wall of aqueduct, the lower extreme of aqueduct with the catchment pond intercommunication. Therefore, the drainage system for the residual water of the pit side slope has the advantages of high drainage efficiency, high timeliness and good side slope stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine dumping grounds slope protection, in particular to a drainage system for residual water of a pit slope and a construction method of the drainage system for residual water of the pit slope.
Background
The residual water in the pit is a main water filling source when the internal dumping site is built, so that the water level and the water pressure of the built internal dumping site are continuously improved, the slope stability of the internal dumping site is greatly influenced, the rock-soil strength of the slope is reduced due to the infiltration of underground water, and particularly the weak-layer shear strength is reduced. The floating action of the groundwater pressure on the slope rock mass and the loading of the lateral pressure promote the slope damage. In addition, residual water may cause piping, erosion voids, and the like in the dump, further compromising the stability of the internal dump. Therefore, before the inner dumping site is formed, certain measures are needed to be taken to carry out measures such as draining, diversion, discharging and the like on the residual water in the pit so as to ensure the safety and stability of the inner dumping site.
In the related art, the drainage system of pit side slope residual water is mainly aimed at a common mining area, a plurality of water collecting wells are used for collecting water, the water is pumped to the outside of the mining area through a high-pressure water pump, but the water inflow to a slope is extremely large aiming at water seepage of a river channel or a river channel, the collection of water inflow is improved by arranging the number of the water collecting wells, and the added water collecting wells can add side slope instability.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made based on the findings and knowledge of the inventors regarding the following facts and problems:
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. For this reason, the embodiment of the invention provides a drainage system for residual water of a pit slope and a construction method of the drainage system for residual water of the pit slope. The drainage system for the residual water of the pit slope improves the drainage efficiency and timeliness and the slope stability.
According to the drainage system for the residual water of the pit side slope, the pit side slope is adjacent to a water-rich area, the side slope surface of the pit side slope comprises a gentle surface, an upper slope surface and a lower slope surface, the upper slope surface extends upwards along one end of the gentle surface, and the lower slope surface extends downwards along the other end of the gentle surface; the pit slope comprises: the seepage layer, the impermeable layer, the preset water filtering component and the water collecting tank; the infiltration layer is followed gentle face go up the domatic with the surface of domatic down is laid, the barrier layer is laid on gentle face, a portion of barrier layer extends to in the infiltration layer, at least a portion of barrier layer with form the catchment area between at least a portion of last domatic, predetermine the drainage subassembly setting in the catchment area, predetermine the drainage subassembly including the aqueduct that the slope set up and the setting are in the filter layer of the outer wall of aqueduct, be equipped with a plurality of infiltration holes on the outer wall of aqueduct, the lower extreme of aqueduct with the catchment pond intercommunication.
According to the drainage system for the residual water of the pit side slope, a water collecting area is formed between the impermeable layer and the pit side slope, the water penetrating into the water enriching area is collected, the collected water penetrating into the side slope surface of the pit side slope is filtered through the filter layer, and the water penetrating into the water collecting pool is drained through the water guide pipe. Residual water can be timely discharged through the water guide pipe, and the water is discharged through the water guide pipe, so that the daily water discharge amount is far greater than that of a drain and a blind ditch of a well. In addition, compared with the drainage mode of blind ditches, the drainage system of the pit side slope residual water adopts the preset water filtering component to not excavate the drainage ditches and reduce the number of the water collecting tanks (the drainage ditches are limited in drainage path because the resistance of the drainage ditches to the pit wall is relatively larger than that of the pipe wall and the drainage ditches are limited in the same time, the water collecting tanks are usually added to shorten the length of the drainage ditches), collected water seepage is discharged through the water guide pipe, the pipe wall of the water guide pipe bears the acting force of the water seepage, the effect of direct pressure of the water seepage on the pit side slope is reduced or even avoided, and the stability of the pit side slope is further improved. Meanwhile, the drain ditch is subjected to long-term flushing, the ditch wall of the drain ditch is damaged locally, and the long-term flushing can cause the local collapse of the pit slope, so that the possibility of large-area landslide is caused. The drainage system for the residual water of the pit slope directly washes the water guide pipe through the water guide pipe, so that the stability of the pit slope is improved.
Therefore, the drainage system for the residual water of the pit side slope has the advantages of high drainage efficiency, high timeliness and good side slope stability.
In some embodiments, the water conduit is disposed on a portion of the gentle surface adjacent to the upward slope, the water conduit extending along a length of the gentle surface.
In some embodiments, the draft tube is inclined at an angle of no less than 4%.
In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the water conduit is 500mm-700mm.
In some embodiments, the water penetration holes have a diameter of 20mm-22mm.
In some embodiments, the water penetration hole has an open area of 30% -32%.
In some embodiments, the number of the water guide pipes is plural, the cross section of the preset water filtering component is along the inclined direction of the water guide pipes, and the number of the water guide pipes is increased to adapt to the requirement that the water discharge amount near the lower end of the water guide pipes is larger than the water discharge amount at the front end.
In some embodiments, the filter layer comprises a filter screen, a gravel layer and a gabion mesh which are sequentially laid from inside to outside, the filter screen is arranged on the peripheral wall of the water guide pipe, the gravel layer is arranged on the filter screen, and the gabion mesh cover is arranged on the periphery of the gravel layer.
In some embodiments, the mesh size of the screen is 3mm-15mm.
In some embodiments, the crushed stone layer has a particle size of 100mm to 300mm.
In some embodiments, the water conduit network has a pore size of 80mm to 100mm.
In some embodiments, the surface of the gabion mesh is provided with a galvanising layer.
In some embodiments, the water permeable layer includes a filter material layer disposed about the pre-set water filter assembly such that the pre-set water filter assembly is buried under the filter material layer and a gravel layer disposed on a surface of the filter material layer such that the filter material layer is buried under the gravel layer.
In some embodiments, the gravel layer has a thickness of 4m-8m.
In some embodiments, the barrier layer comprises an upper barrier film layer and a lower barrier film layer, the upper surface and the lower surface of each of the upper barrier film layer and the lower barrier film layer are provided with clay layers, and the upper barrier film layer and the upper slope face enclose the water collection area.
In some embodiments, each of the upper and lower impermeable membrane layers is a geomembrane layer;
In some embodiments, the clay layer has a thickness of 0.3m to 0.8m.
In some embodiments, the upper impermeable membrane layer comprises a first section and a second section which are sequentially connected, the first section is horizontally laid on the gentle surface, the first section is located below the filter layer, an included angle is formed between each of the upper slope surface and the first section and the second section, and the water collecting area is formed among the first section, the second section and the upper slope surface.
In some embodiments, the upper impermeable film layer further comprises a third section adapted to be buried within backfill.
In some embodiments, the lower impermeable film layer includes a fourth section and a fifth section that are sequentially arranged, the fourth section is horizontally arranged on the gentle surface, one end of the fourth section is abutted to the lower surface of the second section, the other end of the fourth section is sequentially connected with the fifth section, the fifth section is parallel to the second section, and the distance between the fifth section and the second section is 8m-12m.
In some embodiments, the lower barrier film layer further comprises a sixth section adapted to be buried within backfill and disposed in line with the third section.
In some embodiments, the drainage system of pit slope residual water further comprises a preset well penetrating through the gentle surface and/or the upper slope surface along the up-down direction, wherein the lower end of the preset well is arranged below the impermeable layer, and the upper end of the preset well extends to above the permeable layer.
In some embodiments, a water filter is disposed in the predetermined well, the water filter including a retaining wall section, a water filter section, and a sediment section, wherein the water filter section has an open area:
wherein: d is the pore diameter and a is the pore spacing.
In some embodiments, the pre-set well is disposed in an area adjacent to a lower end of the water conduit.
In some embodiments, the number of pre-set wells is a plurality.
In some embodiments, the preset well is provided with a plurality of layers of grids in the vertical direction.
In some embodiments, the water collecting device further comprises a drain pipe and a water suction pump arranged at one end of the drain pipe, wherein the one end of the drain pipe is communicated with the water collecting tank, the other end of the drain pipe extends upwards along the slope surface and is communicated with the outside, and water in the water collecting tank is discharged to the outside through the drain pipe and the water suction pump.
In some embodiments, the level of the gentle surface is not higher than the level of the bottom of the water-rich region, a permeable layer is arranged between the upward slope surface and the water-rich region, and the preset water filtering component is arranged adjacent to the water-rich region.
In some embodiments, the water-rich zone is a submerged water-bearing formation adjacent to a river or lake, or the water-rich zone is an aquifer having a permeability coefficient of not less than 50m/d and an aquifer thickness of not less than 15 m.
In some embodiments, the side slope is 300m-3000m from the river or lake.
A construction method of a drainage system for residual water of a pit slope according to any one of the above, comprising:
(1) Slope trimming is carried out on a region, adjacent to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the water-rich region, below the upper slope surface to form a gentle surface;
(2) Laying an impermeable layer and a part of filter layer on the gentle surface in sequence, installing a water guide pipe on the filter layer, and stacking the rest part of filter layer above the water guide pipe;
(3) And paving the water seepage layer on the slope surface and the impermeable layer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a drainage system for pit side slope residual water in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a pre-set water filter assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a pit according to one embodiment of the invention;
figure 6 is a schematic illustration of a filter tube in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with a barrier layer.
Reference numerals:
a drain system 100 for residual water from the pit slope;
Pit slope 1; an upper slope surface 11; a gentle surface 12; a downward slope 13;
A water seepage layer 2; a filter layer 21; a gravel layer 22;
an impermeable layer 3; an upper impermeable membrane layer 31; a first section 311; a second section 312; a third section 313; a lower barrier film layer 32; a fourth section 321; fifth section 322; a sixth section 323;
Presetting a water filtering component 4; a water guide pipe 41; a filter layer 42; a filter screen 421; a crushed stone layer 422; gabion mesh 423;
presetting a well 5; a grille 51; a water filter pipe 52;
a water collection tank 6; backfill 7; a water collection area 8; a drain well 9;
A water-rich zone 200, a bottom 201 of the water-rich zone.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
A drain system 100 for pit slope residual water and a construction method of the drain system 100 using the pit slope residual water according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 6.
In the drainage system 100 for residual water on a pit side slope according to the embodiment of the present invention, the pit side slope 1 is adjacent to the water-rich area 200, the side slope surface of the pit side slope 1 includes a gentle surface 12, an upper slope surface 11 and a lower slope surface 13, the upper slope surface 11 extends upward along one end of the gentle surface 12, the lower slope surface 13 extends downward along the other end of the gentle surface 12, and the pit side slope 1 includes: the water seepage layer 2, the impermeable layer 3, the preset water filtering component 4 and the water collecting tank 6.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the water seepage layer 2 is laid along the surfaces of the gentle surface 12, the upper slope surface 11 and the lower slope surface 13, the impermeable layer 3 is laid on the gentle surface 12, a part of the impermeable layer 3 extends into the water seepage layer 2, a water collecting area 8 is formed between at least a part of the impermeable layer 3 and at least a part of the upper slope surface 11, the preset water filtering component 4 is arranged in the water collecting area 8, the preset water filtering component 4 comprises a water guide pipe 41 which is obliquely arranged and a filtering layer 42 which is arranged on the outer wall of the water guide pipe 41, a plurality of water seepage holes are formed in the outer wall of the water guide pipe 41, and the lower end of the water guide pipe 41 is communicated with the water collecting tank 6. It will be appreciated that the upper end of the water conduit (inclined arrangement) 41 is located higher relative to the lower end of the water conduit 41, and the bottom of the sump 6 is lower than the lower end of the water conduit 41 to ensure smooth drainage of water seepage (water seepage including rainwater + water seepage from the water rich region 200 and groundwater). Specifically, the draft tube 41 is inclined at an angle of not less than 4%. The water seepage in the water guide pipe 41 can naturally flow into the water collecting tank 6 under the action of gravity.
According to the drainage system 100 for the pit slope residual water, a water collecting area 8 is formed between the impermeable layer 3 and the pit slope 1, water seepage of the water-rich area 200 into the slope surface of the pit slope 1 is collected, the collected water seepage is filtered through the filter layer 42, and the water seepage is discharged to the water collecting tank 6 through the water guide pipe 41. Residual water can be timely discharged through the water guide pipe 41, and the water is discharged through the water guide pipe 41, so that the daily water discharge amount of the water guide pipe is far greater than that of a blind drain adopting a blind well. In addition, compared with the drainage system 100 adopting blind drain (drain is required to be dug out on the pit slope 1, the ditch wall of the drain is required to bear the acting force of water on the side wall, and the possibility of landslide of the pit slope 1 is improved), the drainage system 100 adopting the preset drainage component 4 does not need to dug out the drain and reduces the number of the water collecting tanks 6 (because the resistance of drain water to the ditch wall is relatively larger than that of the pipe wall, and the drainage path of the drain is limited in the same time, the water collecting tanks 6 are generally increased to shorten the length of the drain), the collected water seepage is discharged through the water guide pipe 41, the pipe wall of the water guide pipe 41 bears the acting force of water seepage, the effect of directly acting the water seepage on the pit slope 1 is reduced or even avoided, and the stability of the pit slope 1 is further improved. Meanwhile, the drain is subjected to long-term flushing, the wall of the drain is damaged locally, and the local collapse of the pit slope 1 is caused by long-term flushing, so that the possibility of large-area landslide is caused. In the drainage system 100 for the residual water of the pit slope, the water guide pipe 41 is arranged, and water seepage is directly performed on the water guide pipe 41, so that the stability of the pit slope 1 is improved.
Therefore, the drainage system 100 for the residual water of the pit side slope has the advantages of high drainage efficiency, high timeliness and good side slope stability.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the water guide 41 is provided at a portion of the gentle surface 12 near the upper slope 11, and the water guide 41 extends along the longitudinal direction of the gentle surface 12.
In the drainage system 100 for the pit side slope residual water according to the embodiment of the invention, the water guide pipe 41 is arranged on the part of the gentle surface 12 close to the upper slope surface 11, because water seepage is accumulated at the connecting area of the upper slope surface 11 and the gentle surface 12, the water level is continuously lifted along with the increase of water seepage, and the water guide pipe 41 is arranged on the part of the gentle surface 12 close to the upper slope surface 11 (namely, arranged at the position close to the water collecting area), so that the accumulated water seepage can be discharged in time as much as possible.
Alternatively, the inner diameter of the water guide tube 41 is 500mm to 700mm; according to the drainage system 100 for the mine pit side slope residual water, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the inner diameter of the water guide pipe 41 is 500-700 mm, so that a proper pipe diameter is provided for timely draining of the exuded water, and the waste of pipes caused by overlarge inner diameter of the water guide pipe 41 is avoided.
Optionally, the aperture of the water seepage hole is 20mm-22mm; according to the drainage system 100 for the mine pit side slope residual water, the aperture of the water seepage hole is 20-22 mm, so that water seepage can be timely drained. In addition, the overall strength of the water guide pipe 41 is not reduced by the excessive aperture.
Optionally, the aperture ratio of the water guide pipe is 30% -32%; the water seepage guide pipe 41 can ensure smooth and timely water seepage; the problem of nonstandard strength of the water guide pipe 41 caused by overlarge aperture ratio is avoided.
Optionally, the number of the water guide tubes 41 is multiple, the cross section of the preset water filtering component 4 is along the inclined direction of the water guide tubes 41, and the number of the water guide tubes 41 is increased to adapt to the requirement that the water discharge near the lower end of the water guide tubes 41 is larger than the water discharge at the front end. In other words, the number of the water guide pipes 41 is plural, and the lengths of the water guide pipes 41 are not exactly the same. Because according to the direction of the water flow in the water guide pipe 41, the water flow is continuously increased along the process from the front end to the rear end of the water guide pipe 41, and a plurality of water guides are arranged to ensure that the water seepage at the front end of the water guide pipe 41 is increased along with the flow of the water body in the flow process, so that the problem of untimely water seepage and discharge is caused. Because the drainage system 100 of the mine pit side slope residual water in the embodiment of the invention can ensure that the water at the front end and the rear end of the water guide pipe 41 can be drained in time.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the filter layer 42 includes a filter net 421, a crushed stone layer 422 and a gabion mesh 423 sequentially laid from inside to outside, the filter net 421 is provided on the outer circumferential wall of the water guide pipe 41, the crushed stone layer 422 is provided on the filter net 421, and the gabion mesh 423 is covered on the outer circumference of the crushed stone layer 422.
The filter layer 42 in the mine pit side slope residual water drainage system 100 comprises a filter screen 421, a crushed stone layer 422 and a gabion mesh 423 which are sequentially laid from inside to outside, and crushed stone in the crushed stone layer 422 can be fixed through the gabion mesh 423, so that the crushed stone is prevented from being shifted due to water seepage scouring, and the stability of the crushed stone layer 422 is improved; the gravel layer 422 that sets up can filter the great solid particle in the infiltration, and interception gravel layer 422 and silt etc. of rethread filter screen 421 prevent that the rubble from getting into in the water guide pipe 41 at last, have prevented that water guide pipe 41 from appearing the jam of aqueduct 41 that the accumulation of rubble or silt caused in water guide pipe 41 because of long-term use, and then have promoted the life of aqueduct 41.
Optionally, the pore size of the filter screen is 3mm-15mm. Has the advantage of good filtering effect on sediment in water seepage.
Alternatively, the crushed stone layer 422 has a particle size of 100mm to 300mm. Has the advantage of good filtering effect on sediment in water seepage.
Optionally, gabion mesh 421 has a pore size of 80mm to 100mm. Has the advantage of good fixing effect on broken stone.
Optionally, the surface of gabion mesh 423 is provided with a galvanising layer. According to the drainage system 100 for the mine pit side slope residual water, the galvanized layer is arranged on the surface of the gabion mesh 423, so that the acid-base corrosion resistance of the gabion mesh 423 can be improved, and the service life of the drainage system is prolonged.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the water-permeable layer 2 includes a filter material layer 21 and a gravel layer 22, the filter material layer 21 being disposed around the preset water filter assembly 4 so that the preset water filter assembly 4 is buried under the filter material layer 21, and a portion of the gravel layer 22 being disposed on the surface of the filter material layer 21 so that the filter material layer 21 is buried under the gravel layer 22.
According to the drainage system 100 for the residual water of the pit slope, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the filtering material layer 21 and the gravel layer 22 can enable water seepage on the pit slope 1 to be more easily drained to the water collecting area 8, so that the acting force of the water seepage on the upper slope 11 is reduced. The filter layer 21 plays a role in filtering water seepage, and can further improve the clean degree of water seepage entering the water guide pipe 41.
Optionally, the gravel layer 22 has a thickness of 4m-8m. The stability of the pit slope 1 can be improved by the provision of the gravel layer 22.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the impermeable layer 3 includes an upper impermeable film layer 31 and a lower impermeable film layer 32, and a clay layer (not shown) is provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of each of the upper impermeable film layer 31 and the lower impermeable film layer 32, and the upper impermeable film layer 31 and the upper slope 11 enclose the water collection area 8.
According to the drainage system 100 for the residual water of the pit slope, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the upper impermeable membrane layer 31 and the lower impermeable membrane layer 32 are arranged, so that one interception effect of the impermeable layer 3 on water seepage can be further improved, and the scouring of part of water seepage to the downhill surface 13 on the downhill surface 13 is further reduced, so that the stability of the pit slope 1 is improved. The clay layer can bond the upper impermeable film layer 31 and the lower impermeable film layer 32, so that the upper impermeable film layer 31 and the lower impermeable film layer 32 are prevented from sliding in the construction and use processes.
Optionally, each of the upper and lower impermeable membrane layers 31, 32 is a geomembrane layer. The geomembrane layer has the advantages of high ductility, corrosion resistance and convenient construction.
Alternatively, the clay layer has a thickness of 0.3m to 0.8m. The clay layer with the thickness of 0.3m-0.8m has good anti-slip effect and also plays a role in further improving the anti-seepage effect of the auxiliary anti-seepage layer 3.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the upper impermeable membrane layer 31 includes a first section 311 and a second section 312 that are sequentially connected, the first section 311 is horizontally laid on the gentle surface 12, the first section 311 is located below the filter layer 42, an included angle is formed between each of the upper slope 11 and the first section 311 and the second section 312, and a water collecting area 8 is formed among the first section 311, the second section 312 and the upper slope 11. For example, the first section 311, the second section 312, and the upward slope 11 may form a V-shaped or U-shaped water collection area 8, and may raise the level of water collected in the water collection area 8. In addition, the drainage system 100 of the mine pit side slope residual water can permeate water through the whole upper slope surface 11, so that the pressure generated on the upper slope surface 11 due to the fact that water seepage cannot be timely discharged is reduced, and the stability of the structure of the upper slope surface 11 is improved.
Optionally, the upper impermeable membrane layer 31 further includes a third section 313, where the third section 313 extends upward along the direction of the second section 312, and the third section 313 is adapted to be buried in the backfill 7, so as to prevent sudden water level increase in the water collecting area 8 caused by unsmooth drainage of the water collecting area 8, and make water seepage flow into the downhill slope 13, so that the third section 313 has an effect of further improving stability of the pit slope 1.
Optionally, the lower impermeable film layer 32 includes a fourth section 321 and a fifth section 322 that are sequentially arranged, the fourth section 321 is horizontally arranged on the gentle surface 12, one end of the fourth section 321 is abutted against the lower surface of the second section 312, the other end of the fourth section 321 is sequentially connected with the fifth section 322, the fifth section 322 is parallel to the second section 312, and the distance between the fifth section 322 and the second section 312 is 8m-12m; the lower impermeable membrane layer 32 can further intercept water seepage leaked from the upper impermeable membrane layer 31 and prevent the water seepage from flowing into the downhill slope 13, so that the third section 313 has the function of further improving the stability of the pit slope 1.
Optionally, the lower impermeable membrane layer 32 further comprises a sixth section 323, the sixth section 323 being adapted to be buried in the backfill 7 and arranged parallel to the third section 313.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the drainage system 100 for residual water of a pit slope further includes a preset well 5, wherein the preset well 5 penetrates through the gentle surface 12 and/or the upper slope surface 11 along the up-down direction, the lower end of the preset well 5 is arranged below the impermeable layer 3, and the upper end of the preset well 5 extends above the water seepage layer 2.
A water filtering pipe 52 and a drainage pump (not shown) are arranged in the preset well 5, the water filtering pipe 52 comprises a wall protecting pipe section (not shown), a water filtering pipe section (not shown) and a sedimentation pipe section (not shown) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the opening ratio of the water filtering pipe section is as follows:
wherein: d is the pore diameter and a is the pore spacing.
The drainage system 100 for the mine pit side slope residual water in the embodiment of the invention can drain part of the seepage water through the preset well 5 by arranging the preset well 5, and has the function of assisting the drainage of the water guide pipe 41. Furthermore, the pre-set water filter assembly 4 is serviced during use by pre-setting the well 5 pre-set. In addition, the drain system 100 of the pit side slope residual water according to the embodiment of the present invention can increase the service life of the drain pump by providing the water filtering pipe section and the settling pipe section.
Specifically, the impermeable layer 3 is a geotechnical cloth layer, and the region where the geotechnical cloth layer is connected with the preset well 5 is glued (for example, as shown in fig. 6), so that the water seepage prevention effect is improved.
Alternatively, the pre-well 5 is provided in a region adjacent to the lower end of the water guide pipe 41. The maintenance of the preset water filtering assembly 4 is facilitated.
Optionally, the number of the preset wells 5 is a plurality. The plurality of preset wells 5 are arranged to facilitate maintenance of the preset water filtering assembly 4 at multiple points.
Optionally, a multi-layered grating 51 is provided in the vertical direction within the pre-well 5. Specifically, the pitch between each layer of the grids 51 is 0.5m. According to the drainage system 100 for the mine pit side slope residual water, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the arranged grating 51 plays a role in maintaining stability on the wall of the preset well 5, so that the problem that the preset well 5 is deformed due to extrusion is prevented.
As shown in fig. 5, the drainage system 100 for the pit slope residual water further includes a drain pipe (not shown) and a suction pump (not shown) provided at one end of the drain pipe, one end of the drain pipe is communicated with the sump 6, and the other end of the drain pipe extends upward along the slope and is communicated with the outside, and the water in the sump 6 is discharged to the outside through the drain pipe and the suction pump.
According to the drainage system 100 for the residual water of the pit slope, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the water in the water collecting tank 6 is timely discharged through the drain pipe and the water suction pump, so that the water on the pit slope 1 is discharged to the outside of the pit, and the stability of the pit slope 1 is improved.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the level of the gentle surface 12 is not higher than the level of the bottom 201 of the water-rich region, a permeable layer is provided between the upward slope 11 and the water-rich region 200, and the preset water filtering assembly 4 is disposed adjacent to the water-rich region 200. In other words, the flat surface 12 is at the same level as the bottom 201 of the water-rich zone, or the flat surface 12 has a lower level than the bottom 201 of the water-rich zone. It will be appreciated that the first section 311 of the upper barrier film layer 31 is disposed at a level no higher than the level of the bottom 201 of the water-rich zone.
According to the drainage system 100 for the residual water of the pit side slope, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the gentle surface 12 and the bottom 201 of the water-rich area are positioned on the same horizontal plane, so that the seepage of the cross section of the water-rich area 200 can be ensured to be intercepted by the impermeable layer 3 as much as possible, and the seepage is further less or even prevented from flowing to the downhill surface 13. Thereby, the stability of the pit slope 1 is further improved.
Alternatively, the water-rich zone 200 is a submerged water-bearing formation where the water-rich zone is a river or lake. For example, the southeast direction in the shoe-shaped gold ingot mountain opencast coal mine is adjacent to the English Jin He and the old Ha He, and the maximum daily flow rate of 175749m 3/d(7322m3/h in three years is counted, so that 95% of the total drainage of the pit is far from the requirement by adopting a conventional water guide pipe 41 and blind ditch mode.
In other embodiments, the water-rich zone may also be an aquifer having a permeability coefficient of not less than 50m/d and an aquifer thickness of not less than 15 m.
Optionally, the slope surface is 300m-3000m from river or lake.
As shown in fig. 5, the drainage system 100 for the residual water of the pit slope further comprises a drainage well 9, wherein the drainage well 9 is arranged adjacent to the upper edge of the slope surface, and the lower end of the drainage well 9 extends to the permeable layer. According to the drainage system 100 for the mine pit side slope residual water, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, drainage is realized by matching the drainage shaft 9 with the preset water filtering assembly 4, so that the timeliness of drainage can be further improved, and the drainage effect is improved.
A construction method of the drainage system 100 for mine pit slope residual water according to any one of the above, comprising
(1) Slope trimming is performed in a region adjacent to the horizontal height of the bottom 201 of the water-rich region below the upper slope 11 to form a gentle surface 12;
(2) Laying an impermeable layer 3 and a part of filter layer 42 on the gentle surface 12 in sequence, installing a water guide pipe 41 on the filter layer 42, and stacking the rest part of filter layer 42 above the water guide pipe 41;
(3) The seepage layer 2 is paved on the impermeable layer 3 and the rest slope surface paved with the impermeable layer 3.
Therefore, the construction method of the drainage system 100 for the residual water of the pit side slope of the embodiment of the invention improves the drainage efficiency, timeliness and side slope stability.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The drain system for the residual water of the pit slope is characterized in that the pit slope is adjacent to a water-rich area, the slope surface of the pit slope comprises a gentle surface, an upper slope surface and a lower slope surface, the upper slope surface extends upwards along one end of the gentle surface, and the lower slope surface extends downwards along the other end of the gentle surface; the pit slope comprises:
the water seepage layer is paved along the surfaces of the gentle surface, the upper slope surface and the lower slope surface, the horizontal height of the gentle surface is not higher than the horizontal height of the bottom of the water-rich area, and a water seepage layer is arranged between the upper slope surface and the water-rich area;
The impermeable layer is paved on the gentle surface, a part of the impermeable layer extends into the water seepage layer, a water collecting area is formed between at least a part of the impermeable layer and at least a part of the upper slope surface, the impermeable layer comprises an upper impermeable film layer and a lower impermeable film layer, clay layers are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of each of the upper impermeable film layer and the lower impermeable film layer, the upper impermeable film layer and the upper slope surface enclose the water collecting area, the upper impermeable film layer comprises a first section and a second section which are sequentially connected, the first section is horizontally paved on the gentle surface, an included angle is formed between each of the upper slope surface and the first section and the second section, and the water collecting area is formed between the first section, the second section and the upper slope surface;
The water filtering device comprises a water collecting area, a preset water filtering assembly, a first section and a second section, wherein the water collecting area is internally provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; and
And the lower end of the water guide pipe is communicated with the water collecting tank.
2. A mine pit slope residual water drainage system according to claim 1, wherein said water conduit is provided on a portion of said gentle surface adjacent to said upper slope surface, said water conduit extending along a length of said gentle surface.
3. The mine pit slope residual water drainage system according to claim 1, wherein the filter layer comprises a filter screen, a crushed stone layer and a gabion mesh which are sequentially laid from inside to outside, the filter screen is arranged on the peripheral wall of the water guide pipe, the crushed stone layer is arranged on the filter screen, and the gabion mesh is arranged on the periphery of the crushed stone layer.
4. The mine pit slope residual water drainage system of claim 1, wherein the water permeable layer comprises a filter material layer and a gravel layer, the filter material layer being disposed around the pre-set water filter assembly such that the pre-set water filter assembly is buried under the filter material layer, a portion of the gravel layer being disposed on a surface of the filter material layer such that the filter material layer is buried under the gravel layer.
5. The mine pit slope residual water drainage system of claim 1, wherein each of the upper impermeable membrane layer and the lower impermeable membrane layer is a geomembrane layer; the thickness of the clay layer is 0.3m-0.8m.
6. A mine pit slope residual water drainage system according to claim 5, wherein,
The upper impermeable membrane layer further comprises a third section which is suitable for being buried in backfill soil;
The lower anti-seepage film layer comprises a fourth section and a fifth section which are sequentially arranged, the fourth section is horizontally arranged on the gentle surface, one end of the fourth section is abutted against the lower surface of the second section, the other end of the fourth section is sequentially connected with the fifth section, the fifth section is parallel to the second section, and the distance between the fifth section and the second section is 8m-12m;
the lower impermeable film layer further comprises a sixth section, wherein the sixth section is suitable for being buried in backfill soil and is arranged in parallel with the third section.
7. The mine pit slope residual water drainage system of claim 1, further comprising a pre-well penetrating the gentle surface and/or the upward slope in an up-down direction, a lower end of the pre-well being disposed below the impermeable layer, an upper end of the pre-well extending above the permeable layer.
8. The mine pit slope residual water drainage system of claim 1, further comprising a drain pipe and a water pump disposed at one end of the drain pipe, said one end of the drain pipe being in communication with the sump, the other end of the drain pipe extending upwardly along the slope surface and being in communication with the outside, the water in the sump being drained to the outside through the drain pipe and the water pump.
9. A mine pit slope residual water drainage system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the water-rich zone is a submerged aqueous formation adjacent a river or lake; or the water-rich region is an aquifer with a permeability coefficient not less than 50m/d and an aquifer thickness not less than 15 m; the slope surface distance of the side slope is 300m-3000m.
10. A method of constructing a mine pit slope residual water drainage system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
(1) Slope trimming is carried out on a region, adjacent to the horizontal plane of the bottom of the water-rich region, below the upper slope surface to form a gentle surface;
(2) Laying an impermeable layer and a part of filter layer on the gentle surface in sequence, installing a water guide pipe on the filter layer, and stacking the rest part of filter layer above the water guide pipe;
(3) And paving the water seepage layer on the slope surface and the impermeable layer.
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