CN114277242A - Periodic surface structure forming method based on ultrasonic vibration assisted laser remelting - Google Patents
Periodic surface structure forming method based on ultrasonic vibration assisted laser remelting Download PDFInfo
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- CN114277242A CN114277242A CN202111632849.7A CN202111632849A CN114277242A CN 114277242 A CN114277242 A CN 114277242A CN 202111632849 A CN202111632849 A CN 202111632849A CN 114277242 A CN114277242 A CN 114277242A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a periodic surface structure forming method based on ultrasonic vibration assisted laser remelting, which utilizes a laser surface remelting technology to melt a metal surface region irradiated by laser, promotes a melt to flow towards the edge of a molten pool under the action of ultrasonic, and forms a concave interface on the surface of a substrate; in the manufacturing process, the pulse ultrasonic and the laser remelting process are organically combined, and the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is utilized to apply pulse ultrasonic vibration to the laser remelting zone, so that the pulse ultrasonic vibration acts on the whole remelting zone, the amplitude of a molten pool is kept unchanged in the moving process of the molten pool, and the quality is stable; the method refines the grain size of the remelting area through the multi-field coupling action of heat, sound and force, reduces the defects of air holes, cracks and the like in the remelting process, prepares a textured structure, improves the surface wear resistance of the metal material, and reduces the friction force of a contact interface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of composite materials and laser surface modification, in particular to a periodic surface structure forming method based on ultrasonic vibration assisted laser remelting.
Background
In the field of high-end equipment such as energy power, petrochemical industry, rail transit, water conservancy and hydropower, the service life of key parts is greatly reduced due to frictional wear of the key parts, the service requirements of the key parts of the high-end equipment such as tunneling machinery, high-pressure roller mills, facility agriculture cultivation equipment, large-scale crushers and the like are met, the textured wear-resistant coating prepared on the metal surface effectively improves the surface wear resistance in two aspects of material property (fine grain strengthening) and functional structure (surface texturing), the wear resistance of a matrix is improved, and meanwhile, the chip storage and oil storage effects of the surface texture are assisted, so that the service life of the parts is prolonged, and the textured wear-resistant coating has wide application prospects.
Chinese patent: a method for preparing microtexture by laser photoetching-electric atomization deposition (CN 201811485953.6) provides a method for preparing microtexture by utilizing laser photoetching-electric atomization deposition to obtain a certain geometric structure on the surface of a substrate, but the method firstly needs to carry out pretreatment on the substrate, then carries out laser photoetching, drying and developing treatment, then adopts electric atomization deposition, finally removes unexposed photoresist, cleans and dries, and the wear resistance of the surface of the substrate is not improved in the remanufacturing process, and the manufacturing process is complex.
Chinese patent: the method (CN 201710898255.8) for preparing the ultrahigh-temperature wear-resistant coating on the surface of the titanium alloy provides a method for preparing the ultrahigh-temperature wear-resistant coating on the surface of the titanium alloy, but the characteristics of oil storage and surface friction coefficient reduction by adopting a surface texturing technology are not adopted to further reduce the surface wear amount of the material.
The invention provides a periodic surface structure forming method based on ultrasonic vibration assisted laser remelting aiming at the performance requirements of high-performance infrastructure equipment, which is guided by a bionic non-smooth theory, applies ultrasonic vibration in real time in the laser remelting process by combining a laser remelting technology and ultrasonic vibration, further realizes an array pit laser textured surface structure, improves the wear resistance and the deformation resistance of the surface of a component, and further promotes the development of new materials and high-performance infrastructure equipment in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a periodic surface structure forming method based on ultrasonic vibration assisted laser remelting, which is characterized in that ultrasonic vibration with adjustable pulse width is applied while a surface wear-resistant coating is prepared by laser remelting, and a textured wear-resistant coating is formed in pits and among pits on the surface of a metal material by controlling the ultrasonic intensity by utilizing the characteristics of ultrasonic sound flow effect, cavitation effect and mechanical stirring effect on a solution in a metal molten pool to discharge liquid in the molten pool.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a periodic surface structure forming method based on ultrasonic vibration assisted laser remelting comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially polishing the surface to be treated of the substrate by using an angle grinder, cleaning with absolute ethyl alcohol (removing residual solid debris and oil stains), and drying for later use;
the substrate material is 316L austenitic stainless steel;
(2) fixing the substrate pretreated in the step (1) on an adjustable pulse ultrasonic vibration table, starting a laser remelting experiment after starting ultrasonic vibration equipment, and obtaining a wear-resistant coating with a periodic texture structure with refined crystal grains on the surface of a base material by utilizing the effect of ultrasonic vibration on refined crystal grains in the solidification process of liquid metal, adjustable periodic ultrasonic vibration and the discharge effect of ultrasonic vibration on a molten pool;
the ultrasonic vibration table is adjustable pulse power ultrasonic, the ultrasonic power is 50-5000W, the ultrasonic frequency is 20KHz, the amplitude is 50 mu m, and the resonant frequency is automatically tracked; the water cooling channel is arranged in the amplitude transformer, so that the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is protected from being influenced in a high-temperature environment; the ultrasonic vibration table amplifies the amplitude through an ultrasonic amplitude transformer, and finally the ultrasonic vibration rod acts on the vibration platform;
the laser adopted in the laser remelting process is a Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (YAG) continuous laser, the laser power is 1500-2000W, the spot diameter is adjustable, and round uniform spots are formed; argon is adopted for protection in the laser remelting process, and the protective gas flow is 10-20L/min.
The width of the surface periodic texture obtained by the method is 2-4 mm, and the depth of the pits is 400-600 mu m. The invention applies ultrasonic vibration with adjustable pulse width while remelting the metal surface by laser, uses the acoustic flow effect caused by the ultrasonic vibration to promote the melt to flow to the edge of the molten pool, obtains proper ultrasonic intensity by adjusting the ultrasonic power ratio, and obtains a fine-grain strengthened wear-resistant coating with a certain periodic texture structure on the surface of the metal substrate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the traditional machining pit structure, the efficiency is improved, and the problem of cutter abrasion caused by subsequent machining of the high-hardness wear-resistant coating is solved.
The periodic surface structure forming method based on the ultrasonic vibration assisted laser remelting can form textured wear-resistant coatings with the thickness close to that of the pits in the pits, and compared with the traditional processing method, the method improves the plastic toughness and the wear resistance of the surface of the material by utilizing the characteristic of grain refinement.
The wear-resistant coating with the surface texture effectively improves the wear-resistant performance of the surface from two aspects of material property (grain refinement) and functional structure (surface texturing), and is assisted with the chip storage and oil storage effects of the surface texture on the basis of improving the wear resistance by refining grains, so that the service life of parts is prolonged.
The periodic surface structure forming method based on ultrasonic vibration assisted laser remelting is suitable for the service requirements of high-end equipment key parts such as tunneling machines, high-pressure roller mills, facility agricultural cultivation equipment, large crushers and the like, and can promote the development of new materials and high-performance capital construction equipment in China.
Drawings
FIG. 1: laser ultrasonic coupling diagram.
FIG. 2: melt flow and melt discharge in the form of droplet ejection.
FIG. 3: and (3) an ultrasonic vibration assisted laser remelting periodic surface structure forming schematic diagram.
FIG. 4: and the hardness distribution of the ultrasonic-assisted laser fused and fused layer is shown.
FIG. 5: and (4) a fused layer cross-section height difference data chart under the condition of no ultrasonic vibration.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below by means of specific examples, without the scope of protection of the invention being limited thereto.
Example 1
1. And (3) polishing the roll surface of the high-pressure roller mill by using an angle mill, wherein the roll surface is made of 316L austenitic stainless steel, wiping the surface to be treated by using absolute ethyl alcohol to remove oil stains, and performing pretreatment.
2. And fixing the roller of the high-pressure roller mill on an ultrasonic vibration platform.
3. Carrying out laser remelting treatment on a roller of the high-pressure roller mill by using a Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (YAG) continuous laser and ultrasonic vibration, and starting ultrasonic vibration equipment before laser remelting. Wherein the laser parameters are as follows: the laser power is 1600w, the diameter of a light spot is 4mm, and the scanning speed is 20-35 mm/s. Ultrasonic parameters: ultrasonic power 3000W, ultrasonic frequency 20KHz, amplitude 50 μm.
4. The method comprises the steps of remelting the surface of a metal matrix sample by laser, starting ultrasonic vibration equipment while remelting, applying pulse ultrasonic, and obtaining a fine-grain reinforced wear-resistant coating in the pits and among pits on the surface of a metal material by utilizing the discharge effect of the ultrasonic on a solution in a metal molten pool.
The hardness distribution of the ultrasonic auxiliary laser fused layer is shown in fig. 4, and analysis shows that the hardness of the ultrasonic auxiliary laser fused layer is improved to a certain extent compared with that of the substrate. Compared with the traditional laser melting, the ultrasonic-assisted laser melting can obviously improve the flow speed of a melting pool along with the gradual increase of the laser scanning speed from 20mm/s to 35mm/s, so that the height difference of the cross section of the laser melting layer is respectively improved by 251%, 181%, 119% and 115% compared with the height difference without introducing ultrasonic vibration, and the area of the laser melting layer is effectively improved.
Claims (3)
1. A periodic surface structure forming method based on ultrasonic vibration assisted laser remelting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) sequentially polishing the surface to be processed of the substrate by using an angle grinder, cleaning by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying for later use;
(2) fixing the substrate pretreated in the step (1) on an adjustable pulse ultrasonic vibration table, starting a laser remelting experiment after starting ultrasonic vibration equipment, and obtaining a wear-resistant coating with a periodic texture structure with refined crystal grains on the surface of a base material by utilizing the effect of ultrasonic vibration on refined crystal grains in the solidification process of liquid metal, adjustable periodic ultrasonic vibration and the discharge effect of ultrasonic vibration on a molten pool;
the ultrasonic vibration table is adjustable pulse power ultrasonic, the ultrasonic power is 50-5000W, the ultrasonic frequency is 20KHz, and the amplitude is 50 mu m;
the laser adopted in the laser remelting process is an yttrium aluminum garnet continuous laser, the laser power is 1500-2000W, and the laser has a circular light spot.
2. The periodic surface structure forming method based on ultrasonic vibration assisted laser remelting of claim 1, wherein the substrate material in step (1) is 316L austenitic stainless steel.
3. The periodic surface structure forming method based on ultrasonic vibration assisted laser remelting of claim 1, wherein argon is used for protection in the laser remelting process in the step (2), and the protective gas flow is 10-20L/min.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114986257A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-09-02 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Ultrasonic machining straight blade state in-situ test method and device |
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| CN103114286A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-05-22 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Method for repairing titanium alloy by ultrasound-assisted laser |
| CN110052703A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-07-26 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Continuous laser and ULTRASONIC COMPLEX surface micro-fabrication system and method |
| CN113445045A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-28 | 中南大学 | Method for preparing artificial articular surface ceramic coating by ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser cladding |
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2021
- 2021-12-29 CN CN202111632849.7A patent/CN114277242A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103114286A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-05-22 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Method for repairing titanium alloy by ultrasound-assisted laser |
| CN110052703A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-07-26 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Continuous laser and ULTRASONIC COMPLEX surface micro-fabrication system and method |
| CN113445045A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-28 | 中南大学 | Method for preparing artificial articular surface ceramic coating by ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser cladding |
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| Title |
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| SOURABH BISWASA 等: "Effect of ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser surface melting and texturing of Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy on surface properties", 《JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY》, pages 2 * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114986257A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-09-02 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Ultrasonic machining straight blade state in-situ test method and device |
| CN114986257B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2023-10-31 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Ultrasonic processing straight blade state in-situ test method and device |
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