CN114276851B - Double-dispersion nano-particle electrorheological fluid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Double-dispersion nano-particle electrorheological fluid and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114276851B CN114276851B CN202111529783.9A CN202111529783A CN114276851B CN 114276851 B CN114276851 B CN 114276851B CN 202111529783 A CN202111529783 A CN 202111529783A CN 114276851 B CN114276851 B CN 114276851B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- electrorheological fluid
- polyaniline
- nano
- coated
- titanium oxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Abstract
A double-dispersion nano-particle electrorheological fluid, the dispersion phase of which is a rodlike titanic acid nano-tube coated with polyaniline and a silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nano-particle coated with polyaniline; wherein the length of the rodlike titanic acid nano-tube particle coated with polyaniline is 1-10 μm, and the length-diameter ratio is 20-100; the silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nano-particles are spherical, and the particle size is 0.1-1 mu m; the mass ratio of the dispersed phase particles in the electrorheological fluid is 0.5-20wt%, preferably 2-15wt%. The electrorheological fluid has good suspension stability and electrorheological property, and the dynamic yield stress can reach 130kPa when the electric field strength is 3 kv/mm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrorheological fluid, and particularly relates to double-dispersion nanoparticle electrorheological fluid and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Electrorheological fluid is intelligent fluid formed by dispersing polarizable dielectric dispersed phase particles with micro-nano sizes in insulating oil. After an electric field is applied to the electrorheological fluid, dielectric particles freely dispersed in base liquid form a chain structure, and dispersed phases in the chain structure mutually attract under the action of an electromagnetic field to form a stable columnar structure.
The two states of the electrorheological fluid are reversible changes, and the electrorheological fluid can be quickly recovered to the initial state along with the evacuation of an external electric field. The electrorheological fluid has a response speed of millisecond level, and the dissipated energy (energy required by phase change) is lower. The excellent characteristic of the electrorheological fluid makes the electrorheological fluid have great application value in the fields of braking systems, mechanical control, damping systems, display technologies, liquid valves, artificial muscles, robots and the like.
The factors influencing the rheological mechanical property of the electrorheological fluid are many, and generally, the structure and the performance of the electrorheological fluid are finally influenced by the mutual competition of various acting forces existing among particles, such as electrostatic attraction, hydrodynamic force, brownian force, short-distance repulsive force, colloid interaction and water bridge adhesion, so that the selection and optimization of dispersed phase particles are the main method for improving the performance of the electrorheological fluid.
CN1796517A discloses a tubular or rod-shaped nano titanate electrorheological fluid. The dispersed phase is one of nano tubular pile sodium titanate, nano rod sodium titanate and nano rod potassium titanate prepared by a hydrothermal method, the continuous phase is methyl silicone oil, the nano electrorheological fluid has high mechanical property, and the yield strength can reach 40KPa when the electric field strength is 5 Kv/mm.
CN104774675A discloses an improved giant electrorheological fluid and a preparation method thereof. The GER liquid comprises: a metal salt nanocomposite coated with urea; a polar molecular additive; and a high wettability insulating liquid; wherein the metal salt nanocomposite is suspended in the high wettability insulating liquid. By adding polar molecular additives, the yield stress of the GER fluid under the electric field is increased by more than 50%, while the current density is reduced to less than one-fourth of the original GER. The reversible response time remains the same, while the sedimentation stability is significantly improved.
CN112251269A discloses an electrorheological fluid of titanic acid/silicon dioxide core-shell type nano composite particles. The dispersed phase of the electrorheological fluid is titanic acid/silicon dioxide nano composite particles. The two-step preparation method is adopted, the hollow tubular titanic acid nano tube is prepared by a hydrothermal method, and then a layer of silicon dioxide film is coated on the surface of the titanic acid nano tube by a controlled hydrolysis method to form the titanic acid/silicon dioxide nano composite material with both a core-shell structure and a hollow structure.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the basic principle of electrorheological fluid, dielectric particles freely dispersed in base fluid form a chain or column structure after an external electric field is applied. The single type of particles have the same properties such as particle shape, conductivity and the like, and the formed particles with chain structures are regularly arranged, so that the acting force between the particles is too uniform, a cross structure is difficult to form, the particles are easily damaged by external force, and the maximum shear strength of the electrorheological fluid is not improved. The combination of different particles is adopted, so that the interaction between the particles is easy to occur under the action of an electric field, a cross-linking effect is formed, the mechanical property is improved, but the problems of easy agglomeration between the particles and reduced stability are likely to occur. The application provides a new mixed type electrorheological fluid, which can enhance the shear strength of the electrorheological fluid and does not destroy the stability of the system.
The invention discloses a double-dispersion nano-particle electrorheological fluid, wherein the dispersion phase is a rodlike titanic acid nano tube coated with polyaniline and a silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nano particle coated with polyaniline; wherein the length of the rodlike titanic acid nano-tube particle coated with polyaniline is 1-10 μm, and the length-diameter ratio is 20-100; the silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nano-particles are spherical, and the particle size is 0.1-1 mu m; the mass ratio of the dispersed phase particles in the electrorheological fluid is 0.5-20wt%, preferably 2-15wt%. The electrorheological fluid has good suspension stability and electrorheological property, and the dynamic yield stress can reach 130kPa when the electric field strength is 3 kv/mm.
The weight ratio of the rod-shaped titanic acid nano tube coated with polyaniline to the silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nano particles coated with polyaniline in the electrorheological fluid is 1-5, preferably 2-3.
The preparation method of the double-dispersion nano-particle electrorheological fluid comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing and stirring titanium oxide powder and strong base solution, fully reacting in an ultrasonic stirrer, heating to 120-150 ℃, reacting for 12-36h, adjusting the pH value to 6-8, and filtering and separating the titanic acid nano tube.
(2) Dispersing the titanic acid nanotube in acid liquor, adding aniline, stirring uniformly, adding a polymerization initiator, reacting for 1-6h, filtering and cleaning to obtain the titanic acid nanotube coated by polyaniline.
(3) Respectively dissolving titanate and silicate in absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing the titanate and the silicate respectively dissolved in the absolute ethyl alcohol, adjusting the pH value to 5-6, adding water, hydrolyzing at room temperature, then filtering, cleaning, drying, grinding, calcining at 500-700 ℃ for 1-12h, and obtaining the silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nano-particles.
(4) Dispersing the silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nano particles into acid liquor, adding aniline, stirring, adding a polymerization initiator, reacting for 1-6h, filtering and cleaning to obtain the silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nano particles coated by polyaniline.
(5) Adding the titanium oxide nano-particles doped with the titanium oxide coated with the polyaniline and the silicon oxide coated with the polyaniline into a liquid insulating medium for full dispersion to obtain the electrorheological fluid.
In the step (1), the strong base is one or more of sodium hydroxide, hydrogen oxidant and ammonia water.
In the steps (2) and (4), the polymerization initiator is one of ammonium persulfate and potassium persulfate, and the addition amount of the polymerization initiator is 0.1-2wt% of aniline.
In the step (3), the titanate is one of butyl titanate, ethyl titanate and isopropyl titanate, and the silicate is one of butyl silicate, propyl silicate, ethyl silicate and methyl silicate; the molar ratio of titanate to silicate is 1-3;
the liquid insulating medium can be selected from silicone oil, preferably methyl silicone oil or hydroxyl silicone oil.
Preferably, a surfactant can be further added into the electrorheological fluid, wherein the surfactant is one or more of polyamide, succinimide and sulfonate, and the addition amount of the surfactant is 0.01-0.5wt% of the electrorheological fluid.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the invention utilizes the chain structure formed by the nano particles with different shapes in the presence of a point field to be more stable, and obviously improves the shearing performance and the stability of the electrorheological fluid.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The preparation method of the double-dispersion nano-particle electrorheological fluid comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing and stirring titanium oxide powder and sodium hydroxide solution, fully reacting in an ultrasonic stirrer, heating to 120 ℃ for 18 hours, adjusting the pH value to 7, and filtering and separating the titanic acid nano tube.
(2) Dispersing the titanic acid nanotube in acid liquor, adding aniline, stirring uniformly, adding a polymerization initiator ammonium persulfate, reacting for 6 hours, filtering and cleaning to obtain the titanic acid nanotube coated by polyaniline.
(3) Respectively dissolving butyl titanate and ethyl silicate in absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing the butyl titanate solution and the ethyl silicate solution which are respectively dissolved in the absolute ethyl alcohol, adjusting the pH value to 5, adding water, hydrolyzing at room temperature, then filtering, cleaning, drying, grinding, and calcining for 2 hours at 700 ℃ to obtain the silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nano-particles.
(4) Dispersing the silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nano particles into acid liquor, adding aniline and stirring, adding a polymerization initiator ammonium persulfate, reacting for 3 hours, filtering and cleaning to obtain the silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nano particles coated by polyaniline.
(5) Mixing a titanium acid nano tube coated by polyaniline and silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nano particles coated by polyaniline according to a ratio of 2.
The content of dispersed phase particles in the electrorheological fluid is 10wt%; 0.2wt% of succinimide was further added.
Example 2
The preparation method of the double-dispersion nano-particle electrorheological fluid comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing and stirring titanium oxide powder and a potassium hydroxide solution, fully reacting in an ultrasonic stirrer, heating to 150 ℃ to react for 18 hours, adjusting the pH value to 6, and filtering and separating the titanic acid nano tube.
(2) Dispersing the titanic acid nanotube in acid liquor, adding aniline, stirring uniformly, adding a polymerization initiator ammonium persulfate, reacting for 4 hours, filtering and cleaning to obtain the titanic acid nanotube coated by polyaniline.
(3) Respectively dissolving isopropyl titanate and ethyl silicate in absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing isopropyl titanate solution and ethyl silicate solution which are respectively dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol, adjusting the pH value to 5, adding water, hydrolyzing at room temperature, then filtering, cleaning, drying, grinding, and calcining at 600 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain the silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nano-particles.
(4) Dispersing the silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nanoparticles into acid liquor, adding aniline and stirring, adding a polymerization initiator ammonium persulfate, reacting for 6 hours, filtering and cleaning to obtain the polyaniline-coated silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nanoparticles.
(5) Mixing the titanium dioxide nano-tubes coated with polyaniline and the silicon oxide doped titanium dioxide nano-particles coated with polyaniline according to a ratio of 1.
The content of dispersed phase particles in the electrorheological fluid is 15wt%; 0.2wt% of petroleum sodium sulfonate is additionally added into the electrorheological fluid.
Example 3
The preparation method of the double-dispersion nano-particle electrorheological fluid comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing and stirring titanium oxide powder and sodium hydroxide solution, fully reacting in an ultrasonic stirrer, heating to 130 ℃ for 24 hours, adjusting the pH value to 7, and filtering and separating the titanic acid nanotube.
(2) Dispersing the titanic acid nanotube in acid liquor, adding aniline, stirring uniformly, adding a polymerization initiator ammonium persulfate, reacting for 6 hours, filtering and cleaning to obtain the titanic acid nanotube coated by polyaniline.
(3) Respectively dissolving butyl titanate and butyl silicate in absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing the butyl titanate solution and the butyl silicate solution which are respectively dissolved in the absolute ethyl alcohol, adjusting the pH value to 5, adding water, hydrolyzing at room temperature, then filtering, cleaning, drying, grinding, and calcining at 500 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nano-particles.
(4) Dispersing the silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nanoparticles into acid liquor, adding aniline and stirring, adding a polymerization initiator potassium persulfate, reacting for 6 hours, filtering and cleaning to obtain the silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nanoparticles coated by polyaniline.
(5) Mixing the titanium dioxide nano-tubes coated with polyaniline and the silicon oxide doped titanium dioxide nano-particles coated with polyaniline according to a ratio of 1.
The content of dispersed phase particles in the electrorheological fluid is 10wt%; 0.3wt% of polyamide is added into the electrorheological fluid.
Comparative example 1
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that the electrorheological fluid was prepared directly from the polyaniline-coated titanic acid nanotubes.
Comparative example 2
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that the polyaniline-coated silica-doped titanium oxide nanoparticles were used as they were.
Comparative example 3
An electrorheological fluid was prepared using a titanium oxide nanotube uncoated with polyaniline and a silicon oxide-doped titanium oxide nanoparticle uncoated with polyaniline, and the other examples were the same as example 1.
The electrorheological fluids obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to a performance test, and the results are shown in the following table:
wherein the dynamic yield stress is a value measured at 3 kv/mm.
Through the performance analysis of the comparative example, it is obvious that the electrorheological fluid has good stability and higher dynamic yield stress, and obtains unexpected technical effects.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent alterations and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A double-dispersion nano-particle electrorheological fluid, the dispersion phase of which is a rodlike titanic acid nano-tube coated with polyaniline and a silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nano-particle coated with polyaniline; wherein the length of the rodlike titanic acid nano-tube particle coated with polyaniline is 1-10 μm, and the length-diameter ratio is 20-100; the silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nano-particles are spherical, and the particle size is 0.1-1 mu m; the content of dispersed phase particles in the electrorheological fluid is 0.5-20wt%.
2. The electrorheological fluid according to claim 1, wherein the content of the dispersed phase particles in the electrorheological fluid is 2 to 15wt%.
3. The electrorheological fluid of claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of the polyaniline-coated rod-shaped titanic acid nanotubes to the polyaniline-coated silica-doped titanium oxide nanoparticles in the electrorheological fluid is 1-5.
4. The electrorheological fluid of claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of the polyaniline-coated rod-shaped titanic acid nanotubes to the polyaniline-coated silica-doped titanium oxide nanoparticles in the electrorheological fluid is from 2 to 3.
5. A process for preparing a polydisperse nanoparticle electrorheological fluid according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Mixing and stirring titanium oxide powder and strong base solution, fully reacting in an ultrasonic stirrer, heating to 120-150 ℃, reacting for 12-36h, adjusting the pH value to 6-8, and filtering and separating the titanic acid nanotube;
(2) Dispersing a titanic acid nanotube in an acid solution, adding aniline, uniformly stirring, adding a polymerization initiator, reacting for 1-6h, and filtering and cleaning to obtain a polyaniline-coated titanic acid nanotube;
(3) Respectively dissolving titanate and silicate in absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing the titanate solution and the silicate solution, adjusting the pH value to 5-6, adding water, hydrolyzing at room temperature, then filtering, cleaning, drying, grinding, and calcining at 500-700 ℃ for 1-12h to obtain silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nanoparticles;
(4) Dispersing the silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nanoparticles into acid liquor, adding aniline, fully stirring, adding a polymerization initiator, reacting for 1-6h, filtering and cleaning to obtain polyaniline-coated silicon oxide doped titanium oxide nanoparticles;
(5) Adding the titanium oxide nano-particles doped with the polyaniline and the titanium oxide nano-particles coated with the polyaniline into a liquid insulating medium for full dispersion to obtain the electrorheological fluid.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein in step (1), the strong base is one or more of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the polymerization initiator in steps (2) and (4) is one of ammonium persulfate and potassium persulfate, and the amount of the polymerization initiator added is 0.1 to 2wt% based on the aniline.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein in step (3) the titanate is one of butyl titanate, ethyl titanate, isopropyl titanate, and the silicate is one of butyl silicate, propyl silicate, ethyl silicate, and methyl silicate; the molar ratio of titanate to silicate is 1-3.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein said liquid insulating medium is silicone oil.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein said liquid insulating medium is methyl silicone oil or hydroxy silicone oil.
11. The method of claim 5, wherein a surfactant is added to the electrorheological fluid, wherein the surfactant is one or more of polyamide, succinimide, and sulfonate, and the addition amount is 0.01-0.5wt% of the electrorheological fluid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111529783.9A CN114276851B (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2021-12-14 | Double-dispersion nano-particle electrorheological fluid and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111529783.9A CN114276851B (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2021-12-14 | Double-dispersion nano-particle electrorheological fluid and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114276851A CN114276851A (en) | 2022-04-05 |
| CN114276851B true CN114276851B (en) | 2022-11-18 |
Family
ID=80872209
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111529783.9A Active CN114276851B (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2021-12-14 | Double-dispersion nano-particle electrorheological fluid and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114276851B (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2096130A1 (en) * | 1991-10-10 | 1993-04-11 | Joseph W. Pialet | Electrorheological fluids containing polyanilines |
| CN102108316A (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2011-06-29 | 西北工业大学 | Titanium-oxide-coated polyaniline nanotube electrorheological fluid |
-
2021
- 2021-12-14 CN CN202111529783.9A patent/CN114276851B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2096130A1 (en) * | 1991-10-10 | 1993-04-11 | Joseph W. Pialet | Electrorheological fluids containing polyanilines |
| CN102108316A (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2011-06-29 | 西北工业大学 | Titanium-oxide-coated polyaniline nanotube electrorheological fluid |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 聚苯胺颗粒材料的表面改性;魏建红等;《物理化学学报》;20030730(第07期);第81-84页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114276851A (en) | 2022-04-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Liu et al. | Electrorheological fluids: smart soft matter and characteristics | |
| Pu et al. | Towards high sedimentation stability: magnetorheological fluids based on CNT/Fe3O4 nanocomposites | |
| Dorosti et al. | Preparation and characterization of water-based magnetorheological fluid using wormlike surfactant micelles | |
| Linzhi et al. | Polyaniline (PANI) and BaTiO3 composite nanotube with high suspension performance in electrorheological fluid | |
| Liang et al. | Efficient electrorheological technology for materials, energy, and mechanical engineering: From mechanisms to applications | |
| Wen et al. | Clip-like polyaniline nanofibers synthesized by an insitu chemical oxidative polymerization and its strong electrorheological behavior | |
| Kang et al. | Mechanism of silica nanoparticles' better-thickening effect on amphiphilic polymers in high salinity condition | |
| Lee et al. | Graphene oxide as a Pickering emulsifier for poly (glycidyl methacrylate) composite particles and their suspension rheology under applied electric fields | |
| Liu et al. | Electrorheological response of polyaniline and its hybrids | |
| Zhang et al. | Graphene and graphene oxide composites and their electrorheological applications | |
| CN102618350B (en) | Preparation method for solvent-free nanometer fluid of novel core-shell-crown structure | |
| CN101508934B (en) | Electrorheological liquid preparation method for core-shell particle/composite base liquid | |
| Heath et al. | Influence of pH, electrolyte, and poly (vinyl alcohol) addition on the rheological behavior of aqueous silica (Aerosil) dispersions | |
| KR20110065600A (en) | Fabrication of silica/tio2 nanotubes and their application to electrorheological fluid | |
| CN114276851B (en) | Double-dispersion nano-particle electrorheological fluid and preparation method thereof | |
| Ono et al. | 1H spin–spin relaxation time of water and rheological properties of cellulose nanofiber dispersion, transparent cellulose hydrogel (TCG) | |
| WO2008147080A1 (en) | Magnetic composite particles and magnetorheological fluid using the same | |
| Yin et al. | Silicone-grafted carbonaceous nanotubes with enhanced dispersion stability and electrorheological efficiency | |
| CN114317076B (en) | Homogeneous-core and heterogeneous-shell nano-particle electrorheological fluid and preparation method thereof | |
| KR20110105311A (en) | Fabrication of electrorheological fluids containing silica/titania core-shell nanoparticles with surfactants onto the surface | |
| CN105018206B (en) | Fluid timer giant electro-rheological liquid fluid and preparation method thereof | |
| KR20110050136A (en) | Electrorheological fluids using silica/polyaniline core/shell nanospheres and fabrication method | |
| CN106867629B (en) | Electrorheological fluid and preparation method thereof | |
| KR101588051B1 (en) | Preparing method of magnetic composite particles using polyvinyl butyral and carbonyl iron and magnetorheological fluid comprising the same | |
| CN107603712B (en) | Flower-like polyaniline nanoparticle electrorheological fluid and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |