CN114276640A - ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness, which comprises the following materials in parts by weight: high-rigidity resin: 8-26 parts; high flow resin: 32-48 parts; small particle size ASA powder: 20-32 parts; large particle size ASA powder: 8-20 parts; matting powder: 0-2 parts of a solvent; main antioxidant: 0.1-0.2 parts; auxiliary antioxidant: 0.2-0.3 part; light stabilizer: 0.2-0.5 part; ultraviolet absorber: 0.2-0.5 part; lubricant: 0.3-0.5 part; the scheme solves the problem of compatibility by compounding two resins, improves the fluidity, has small performance reduction amplitude, and achieves the purpose of reducing the cost while ensuring the performance; by using two ASA powders with different particle sizes to be compounded, a synergistic effect can be achieved, the toughness of the ASA powder to the material can be improved, a better impact resistance effect can be achieved under the condition that less ASA powders can be used, and the cost is reduced; the gloss of the ASA material is improved by the matting powder, so that the reflection of sunlight is reduced, and the visual influence on drivers and passers-by is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering plastics, in particular to an ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness and a preparation method thereof.
Background
As is well known, the development direction of automobiles is environmental protection, safety and beauty, and various automobile manufacturers, part suppliers and material suppliers are continuously pushing new products, materials and processes, thereby leading and promoting the development of the industry. With the improvement of the weather resistance requirement of the automobile exterior trimming parts, the ASA material gradually replaces the PP material on the exterior trimming parts such as the ventilation grille, the radiator grille, the rearview mirror housing base and the like. The ASA material has a basic structure similar to that of an ABS material, but has excellent mechanical and physical properties and good aging resistance, and is suitable for the operating scene of the sunscreen of automobile exterior parts.
ASA is different from ABS in the aspects of processing performance and mechanical property, but has the problems of insufficient flow property and insufficient impact resistance; the deviation of the ASA material in the aspect of impact resistance is limited, the application of the ASA material in automobile exterior parts is limited, the traditional measure for improving the impact resistance of the ASA material is a rubber-reinforced SAN method, the mechanism is that the SAN resin generates micro deformation through the increase of the rubber content, and stress concentration is formed at the interface of the rubber and the SAN resin, so that energy is absorbed; the flowability of the ASA material is also deviated, and the injection molding of exterior parts with larger sizes is also limited; in the prior art, the effect of improving the flow property can be achieved by adding a flow modifier, and although the flow property can be improved, the reduction range of the mechanical property is large.
Therefore, improving the impact resistance and flow properties of ASA is a prerequisite for easy application of this material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness consists of the following materials in parts by weight
High-rigidity resin: 8-26 parts;
high flow resin: 32-48 parts;
small particle size ASA powder: 20-32 parts;
large particle size ASA powder: 8-20 parts;
matting powder: 0-2 parts of a solvent;
main antioxidant: 0.1-0.2 parts;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.2-0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.2-0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.2-0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.3-0.5 part;
the high-rigidity resin and the high-flow resin are both acrylonitrile-styrene polymers; the high-rigidity resin has the tensile strength of 80MPa and the bending strength of 100 MPa; the high flow resin has a melt index of 150g/10 min; the particle size of the small-particle size ASA powder is less than 120 nm; the particle size of the ASA powder with large particle size is larger than 250 nm.
Preferably, the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 16 parts of a mixture;
high flow resin: 40 parts of a mixture;
small particle size ASA powder: 28 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 12 parts of (1);
matting powder: 2 parts of (1);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
Preferably, the main antioxidant is hindered phenol antioxidant, and is selected from antioxidant 1010; the auxiliary antioxidant is phosphite antioxidant, and antioxidant 168 is selected; the light stabilizer is light stabilizer HALS-944; the ultraviolet absorbent is an ultraviolet absorbent UV-234; and the lubricant is PETS.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness, which comprises the following steps:
s1: adding high-rigidity resin, high-fluidity resin, small-particle size ASA powder and large-particle size ASA powder into a high-speed mixer in parts by proportion, and then primarily mixing, wherein the stirring speed of the mixer is 60r/min, and the stirring and mixing time is 2-4 minutes;
s2: adding flatting powder, a main antioxidant, an auxiliary antioxidant, a light stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorbent, a lubricant and a pigment into the mixed material obtained in the step S1 in parts by weight, and blending; the stirring speed during mixing is 60r/min, and the stirring and mixing time is 2-4 minutes;
s3: the compounded material obtained in the step S2 was fed to a twin-screw extruder, the temperatures of the zones of which were set to: a first zone is 180 ℃; a second area is 200 ℃; a three-zone is 210 ℃; four areas are 210 ℃; a fifth area is 210 ℃; a six area is 210 ℃; seven areas are 210 ℃; eight regions are 210 ℃; nine zones at 210 ℃; ten areas are 210 ℃; the head is 220 ℃.
Preferably, the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 350r/min, and the feeding speed is 15 r/min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention, the high-rigidity resin and the high-fluidity resin are compounded, and the high-rigidity resin and the high-fluidity resin are both acrylonitrile-styrene polymers, and the compatibility between the same substances is extremely high, so that the fluidity of the material is improved by increasing the content of the high-fluidity SAN resin, the problem of compatibility between different materials is fundamentally solved, the resin material fluidity is improved more efficiently, the performance reduction range of the resin material is small, the performance can be ensured, and the addition and use of other materials are reduced, so that the purpose of reducing the cost is achieved; the tensile strength and the bending strength of the material are ensured by controlling the compounding ratio of the high-rigidity resin and the high-fluidity resin;
the two ASA powders with different particle sizes are adopted and are compounded according to a certain proportion, the particle size of the ASA powder is an important factor for toughening a material, and the ASA powder with a certain particle size can effectively improve the toughness of the material and has small influence on the performance of other materials; in addition, the invention reduces the whole dosage of the ASA powder by controlling the adding proportion of the two ASA powders with different particle sizes, adjusts the whole average particle size of the ASA powder, achieves the effect close to the optimal particle size, achieves the aim of synergistic toughening, can improve the toughness of the ASA powder to the material, achieves better impact resistance effect under the condition of using less ASA powder, and reduces the cost; in addition, the ASA powder with small particle size can be dispersed in the material more uniformly, so that the injection molding defects are reduced;
in addition, the ASA material has excellent weather resistance, and the glossiness of the ASA material is improved by adopting the matting powder so as to reduce the reflection of sunlight and avoid visual influence on drivers and passers-by.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the invention, the high-rigidity resin is AS 80HF of Qingdao Haier new material research and development Co., Ltd; the high-flow resin is AS D-178HF of Xinhuamei plastics Co., Ltd in Qingdao; the ASA powder with small particle size is LP2068 of Guangzhou entropy energy innovation materials, GmbH; the ASA powder with large particle size is LP2065X from Guangzhou entropy energy Innovation materials, Inc.
In the present invention, the antioxidant 1010 is pentaerythritol tetrakis (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy) phenylpropionate, and the antioxidant 168 is tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite).
The ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 8-26 parts;
high flow resin: 32-48 parts;
small particle size ASA powder: 20-32 parts;
large particle size ASA powder: 8-20 parts;
matting powder: 0-2 parts of a solvent;
main antioxidant: 0.1-0.2 parts;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.2-0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.2-0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.2-0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.3-0.5 part;
the high-rigidity resin and the high-flow resin are both acrylonitrile-styrene polymers, wherein the high-rigidity resin is AS 80HF of New Material research and development Co., Ltd, and is subjected to bending strength test through national standard GB/T9341, and the high-rigidity resin has tensile strength of 80MPa and bending strength of 100 MPa; the high-flow resin is AS D-178HF of New Huamei plastics Co., Ltd in Qingdao, and is subjected to melt index test by national standard GB/T3682, and the melt index of the high-flow resin is 150g/10 min.
Furthermore, the ASA powder with small particle size is LP2068 of Guangzhou entropy creative material stock Limited, the particle size of the ASA powder with small particle size is 120nm, if the particle size of the ASA powder is too small, the interaction force among particles is large, the phenomenon of particle agglomeration is generated, the dispersibility is poor, and a good toughening effect cannot be achieved; in addition, the ASA powder with large particle size is LP2065X of Guangzhou entropy energy innovation materials, Inc., and the particle size of the ASA powder with large particle size is 250nm, so that if the particle size of the ASA powder is too large, defects such as stress whitening, flow marks and the like are easily generated during processing.
Furthermore, the main antioxidant is hindered phenol antioxidant, and is selected from antioxidant 1010; the auxiliary antioxidant is phosphite antioxidant, and antioxidant 168 is selected; the light stabilizer is a light stabilizer HALS-944, and the molecular weight of the weather resistant agent is 2100-3000; the ultraviolet absorbent is ultraviolet absorbent UV-234; the lubricant is PETS.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the high-rigidity resin, the high-fluidity resin, the small-particle-size ASA powder and the large-particle-size ASA powder are all added into a high-speed mixer in parts by proportion and then are primarily mixed, the stirring speed of the mixer is 60r/min, the stirring and mixing time is 2-4 minutes, and whether the materials are uniformly mixed or not is observed visually by a person; when mixing and stirring, the mixer can be in a lower temperature environment, so that the raw material aging caused by the temperature rise of equipment is avoided;
s2: adding flatting powder, a main antioxidant, an auxiliary antioxidant, a light stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorbent, a lubricant and a pigment into the mixed material obtained in the step S1 in parts by weight, and blending; the stirring speed during mixing is 60r/min, and the stirring and mixing time is 2-4 minutes; observing whether the materials are uniformly mixed by visual inspection of personnel; when mixing and stirring, the mixer can be in a lower temperature environment, so that the raw material aging caused by the temperature rise of equipment is avoided;
s3: the compounded material obtained in the step S2 was fed to a twin-screw extruder, the temperatures of the zones of which were set to: a first zone is 180 ℃; a second area is 200 ℃; a three-zone is 210 ℃; four areas are 210 ℃; a fifth area is 210 ℃; a six area is 210 ℃; seven areas are 210 ℃; eight regions are 210 ℃; nine zones at 210 ℃; ten areas are 210 ℃; a machine head is 220 ℃; each zone of the double-screw extruder can ensure higher material melting degree at the temperature, improve the dispersibility of material components and simultaneously slow down the aging condition of the material.
Furthermore, the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 350r/min, and the feeding speed is 15 r/min.
The following describes the present invention with reference to specific examples:
example 1
The ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 8 parts of a mixture;
high flow resin: 48 parts of a mixture;
small particle size ASA powder: 32 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 8 parts of a mixture;
matting powder: 2 parts of (1);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of the high-fluidity and high-toughness ASA material, which comprises the following steps:
s1: adding high-rigidity resin, high-fluidity resin, small-particle size ASA powder and large-particle size ASA powder into a high-speed mixer in parts by proportion, and then primarily mixing, wherein the stirring speed of the mixer is 60r/min, and the stirring and mixing time is 2-4 minutes;
s2: adding flatting powder, a main antioxidant, an auxiliary antioxidant, a light stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorbent, a lubricant and a pigment into the mixed material obtained in the step S1 in parts by weight, and blending; the stirring speed during mixing is 60r/min, and the stirring and mixing time is 2-4 minutes;
s3: the compounded material obtained in the step S2 was fed to a twin-screw extruder, the temperatures of the zones of which were set to: a first zone is 180 ℃; a second area is 200 ℃; a three-zone is 210 ℃; four areas are 210 ℃; a fifth area is 210 ℃; a six area is 210 ℃; seven areas are 210 ℃; eight regions are 210 ℃; nine zones at 210 ℃; ten areas are 210 ℃; the head is 220 ℃.
Example 2
The preparation method and the steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 10 parts of (A);
high flow resin: 48 parts of a mixture;
small particle size ASA powder: 28 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 12 parts of (1);
matting powder: 0 part of (C);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
Example 3
The preparation method and the steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 8 parts of a mixture;
high flow resin: 48 parts of a mixture;
small particle size ASA powder: 28 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 12 parts of (1);
matting powder: 2 parts of (1);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
Example 4
The preparation method and the steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 8 parts of a mixture;
high flow resin: 48 parts of a mixture;
small particle size ASA powder: 20 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 20 parts of (1);
matting powder: 2 parts of (1);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
Example 5
The preparation method and the steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 16 parts of a mixture;
high flow resin: 40 parts of a mixture;
small particle size ASA powder: 32 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 8 parts of a mixture;
matting powder: 2 parts of (1);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
Example 6
The preparation method and the steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 18 parts of a mixture;
high flow resin: 40 parts of a mixture;
small particle size ASA powder: 28 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 12 parts of (1);
matting powder: 0 part of (C);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
Example 7
The preparation method and the steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 16 parts of a mixture;
high flow resin: 40 parts of a mixture;
small particle size ASA powder: 28 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 12 parts of (1);
matting powder: 2 parts of (1);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
Example 8
The preparation method and the steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 16 parts of a mixture;
high flow resin: 40 parts of a mixture;
small particle size ASA powder: 20 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 20 parts of (1);
matting powder: 2 parts of (1);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
Example 9
The preparation method and the steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 24 parts of (1);
high flow resin: 32 parts of (1);
small particle size ASA powder: 32 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 8 parts of a mixture;
matting powder: 2 parts of (1);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
Example 10
The preparation method and the steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 26 parts of (1);
high flow resin: 32 parts of (1);
small particle size ASA powder: 28 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 12 parts of (1);
matting powder: 0 part of (C);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
Example 11
The preparation method and the steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 24 parts of (1);
high flow resin: 32 parts of (1);
small particle size ASA powder: 28 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 12 parts of (1);
matting powder: 2 parts of (1);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
Example 12
The preparation method and the steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 24 parts of (1);
high flow resin: 32 parts of (1);
small particle size ASA powder: 20 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 20 parts of (1);
matting powder: 2 parts of (1);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method and the steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 4 parts of a mixture;
high flow resin: 52 parts of (1);
small particle size ASA powder: 28 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 12 parts of (1);
matting powder: 2 parts of (1);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method and the steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 32 parts of (1);
high flow resin: 24 parts of (1);
small particle size ASA powder: 28 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 12 parts of (1);
matting powder: 2 parts of (1);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method and the steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 16 parts of a mixture;
high flow resin: 40 parts of a mixture;
small particle size ASA powder: 16 parts of a mixture;
large particle size ASA powder: 24 parts of (1);
matting powder: 2 parts of (1);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
Comparative example 4
The preparation method and the steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 16 parts of a mixture;
high flow resin: 40 parts of a mixture;
small particle size ASA powder: 36 parts of (A);
large particle size ASA powder: 4 parts of a mixture;
matting powder: 2 parts of (1);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
Comparative example 5
The preparation method and the steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 14 parts of (1);
high flow resin: 40 parts of a mixture;
small particle size ASA powder: 28 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 12 parts of (1);
matting powder: 4 parts of a mixture;
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
Comparative example 6
The preparation method and the steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that:
the ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness comprises the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 22 parts of (A);
high flow resin: 32 parts of (1);
small particle size ASA powder: 28 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 12 parts of (1);
matting powder: 4 parts of a mixture;
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
The types and experimental data measured in the above 18 embodiments are tabulated as follows:
relevant test criteria:
melt index GB/T3682
Tensile strength GB/T1040
Notched Izod impact Strength GB/T1843
Glossiness 60 degree GB/9754
The performance requirements of the rearview mirror shell product are as follows:
melt index > 30g/10min
Tensile strength > 42MPa
The cantilever beam impact strength is more than 12KJ/m2
Semi-matte gloss 60 ° requirements: the glossiness is less than 60 °
By comparing the above 18 embodiments, it can be found from the comparison among example 3, example 7 and example 11 that, while the contents of other components are fixed, the use ratio of the high-rigidity resin to the high-fluidity resin is only adjusted, and example 3 with the ratio of 8:48 is satisfactory in the melt index, but too little high-rigidity resin results in a lower tensile strength and a relatively lower Izod impact strength; example 11 with the ratio of 24:32 has satisfactory tensile strength and izod impact strength close to the standard range, but the melt index is not satisfactory; example 7, with a ratio of 16:40, meets both the standard requirements for melt index and other performance requirements, while also meeting the semi-matte condition;
comparative examples 1 and 2 compared with examples 3, 7 and 11, the addition amount of the components of the high-rigidity resin and the high-flow resin is beyond the specified range, and the fact that too little high-rigidity resin greatly reduces the tensile strength and the Izod impact strength of the material and that too little high-flow resin greatly reduces the melt index of the material is found;
according to the experimental data, the mode of compounding the high-rigidity resin and the high-flow resin can be obtained, and the high-rigidity resin and the high-flow resin are both acrylonitrile-styrene polymers, so that the compatibility between the same substances is extremely high, the flow performance of the material is improved by increasing the content of the high-flow SAN resin, the problem of compatibility between different materials is fundamentally solved, the resin material has higher efficiency in improving the fluidity of the resin material, the performance reduction range of the resin material is smaller, the performance can be ensured, and the addition and use of other materials are reduced, so that the purpose of reducing the cost is achieved; the tensile strength and the bending strength of the material are ensured by controlling the compounding ratio of the high-rigidity resin and the high-fluidity resin;
in addition, as can be seen from the comparison among example 5, example 7 and example 8, only the use ratio of the small particle size ASA powder and the large particle size ASA powder was adjusted with the other component content fixed; example 5, with a ratio of 32:8, had satisfactory melt index and tensile strength, but had insufficient Izod impact strength; example 8, with a ratio of 20:20, had satisfactory tensile strength, but had a relatively low melt index and izod impact strength to meet the standard requirements; example 7, with a ratio of 28:12, satisfies the optimal ratio of "synergistic effect" between small particle size ASA powder and large particle size ASA powder of 7:3, and the tensile strength, melt index, and izod impact strength of the powder all meet the performance requirements;
compared with examples 5, 7 and 8, the addition amount of the components of the small-particle size ASA powder and the large-particle size ASA powder exceeds the specified range, and the fact that too much large-particle size ASA powder can greatly reduce the melt index of the material and that too little large-particle size ASA powder can cause the cantilever impact strength to be difficult to improve is found in comparative examples 3 and 4;
according to the experimental data, when the material is in a brittle area, the content of the ASA powder is the dominant of the energy absorption capacity, the content of the ASA powder is improved, the capacity of the material in absorbing plastic deformation work and fracture work can be improved, and the notch impact strength of the material can be improved along with the content of the ASA powder; when the content of the ASA powder is continuously increased and the material is in a plastic region, the matrix resin can be the dominant factor of the notch energy absorption of the material, the notch impact strength of the material cannot be improved by continuously increasing the content of the ASA powder, and even the notch impact strength is reduced because the content of the matrix resin is reduced; in addition, the size of the ASA powder is also an important factor influencing the toughening effect of the material, when the selected ASA powder particles are too large, the material is easy to form matrix defects, so that the local toughness of the material is reduced, the performance of the material is unstable, and when the selected ASA powder particles are too small, the agglomeration phenomenon of the particles can be caused, so that the particles are unevenly dispersed in matrix resin, and the toughening of the material is not facilitated; the size of ASA powder particles is selected under the optimal condition, the average particle size is adjusted by adjusting the proportion of small-particle size ASA powder to large-particle size ASA powder so as to achieve the optimal toughening effect, when the average particle size is reduced along with the increase of the proportion of the small-particle size ASA powder, the specific surface area of colloidal particles in the material is increased, physical or chemical combination is easy to occur between the colloidal particles and matrix resin, and the material can transmit stress more efficiently when being subjected to external force from macroscopic observation, so that the matrix resin is deformed, and the optimal toughening effect is achieved.
In addition, by comparing comparative example 2 with example 3, example 6 with example 7, and example 10 with example 11, it is found that the addition of the matting powder reduces the gloss of the material and has a slight effect on the Izod impact strength of the material, but has little effect on the melt index and the tensile strength; by comparing example 7 with comparative example 5, example 11 and comparative example 6, it can be concluded that adding an excess of matting powder will continue to reduce the gloss of the material, but at the same time will reduce the izod impact strength of the material.
In conclusion, the invention uses the compounding mode of high-rigidity resin and high-fluidity resin, fundamentally solves the problem of compatibility, and can simultaneously meet the requirements of rigidity and toughness and fluidity of the rearview mirror material according to the performance data obtained by the embodiment 7 of the invention; the two ASA powders with the mass ratio of 3:7 are used, the mass ratio of the ASA powder with the large particle size to the ASA powder with the small particle size is 3:7, and the ASA powders with the two particle sizes can play a 'synergistic effect' in a compounding way, so that the toughness of the material is improved by the ASA powder as a whole, better impact resistance can be achieved with less addition of the ASA powder, and meanwhile, the cost is reduced; in addition, the appearance of the ASA material is compared, the ASA powder with small particle size can be dispersed in the material more uniformly, so that the injection molding defects are reduced; the ASA material has excellent weather resistance, and the glossiness of the ASA material is improved by adopting the matting powder so as to reduce the reflection of sunlight and avoid visual influence on drivers and passers-by.
The invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, but the scope of protection of the invention is not limited thereto, and all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims are within the scope of protection of the invention. Various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict.
Claims (5)
1. The ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness is characterized by comprising the following materials in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 8-26 parts;
high flow resin: 32-48 parts;
small particle size ASA powder: 20-32 parts;
large particle size ASA powder: 8-20 parts;
matting powder: 0-2 parts of a solvent;
main antioxidant: 0.1-0.2 parts;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.2-0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.2-0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.2-0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.3-0.5 part;
the high-rigidity resin and the high-flow resin are both acrylonitrile-styrene polymers; the high-rigidity resin has the tensile strength of 80MPa and the bending strength of 100 MPa; the high flow resin has a melt index of 150g/10 min; the particle size of the small-particle size ASA powder is less than 120 nm; the particle size of the ASA powder with large particle size is larger than 250 nm.
2. The ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ASA material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
high-rigidity resin: 16 parts of a mixture;
high flow resin: 40 parts of a mixture;
small particle size ASA powder: 28 parts of (1);
large particle size ASA powder: 12 parts of (1);
matting powder: 2 parts of (1);
main antioxidant: 0.2 part;
auxiliary antioxidant: 0.3 part;
light stabilizer: 0.5 part;
ultraviolet absorber: 0.5 part;
lubricant: 0.5 part.
3. The ASA material with high fluidity and high toughness as claimed in claim 1, wherein the primary antioxidant is hindered phenol antioxidant, selected from antioxidant 1010; the auxiliary antioxidant is phosphite antioxidant, and antioxidant 168 is selected; the light stabilizer is light stabilizer HALS-944; the ultraviolet absorbent is an ultraviolet absorbent UV-234; and the lubricant is PETS.
4. A method for preparing a high-fluidity high-toughness ASA material as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, comprising the steps of:
s1: adding high-rigidity resin, high-fluidity resin, small-particle size ASA powder and large-particle size ASA powder into a high-speed mixer in parts by proportion, and then primarily mixing, wherein the stirring speed of the mixer is 60r/min, and the stirring and mixing time is 2-4 minutes;
s2: adding flatting powder, a main antioxidant, an auxiliary antioxidant, a light stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorbent, a lubricant and a pigment into the mixed material obtained in the step S1 in parts by weight, and blending; the stirring speed during mixing is 60r/min, and the stirring and mixing time is 2-4 minutes;
s3: the compounded material obtained in the step S2 was fed to a twin-screw extruder, the temperatures of the zones of which were set to: a first zone is 180 ℃; a second area is 200 ℃; a three-zone is 210 ℃; four areas are 210 ℃; a fifth area is 210 ℃; a six area is 210 ℃; seven areas are 210 ℃; eight regions are 210 ℃; nine zones at 210 ℃; ten areas are 210 ℃; the head is 220 ℃.
5. The method for preparing a high-flowability high-toughness ASA material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the rotation speed of the twin-screw extruder is 350r/min, and the feeding speed is 15 r/min.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115490979A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-20 | 上海普利特复合材料股份有限公司 | Spraying-free high-toughness high-heat-resistance high-laser-transmittance ASA/PMMA for laser welding and preparation method thereof |
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