CN114276077B - Underwater building structure repair material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Underwater building structure repair material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a repair material for an underwater building structure, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the repair material comprises, by weight, 17-28 parts of cement; 4-11 parts of a water-dispersion-resistant compound agent; 3-5 parts of waterborne epoxy emulsion; 0.8-4 parts of bar-planting long fiber; the bar-planted long fiber comprises one or more of ultra-high strength polyethylene fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, basalt fiber and polyformaldehyde fiber, and the length of the single fiber of the bar-planted long fiber is 4-20mm. The invention aims to provide a structural repair material for an underwater building, which can realize underwater injection construction and can replace reinforcing steel bars to carry out underwater bar planting operation, so that the bonding strength, the breaking strength, the tensile strength and the ultimate tensile strain of the reinforcement material, the damage load of a structural body and the corrosion resistance of acid media meet the requirements of related performance indexes of design and reinforcement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underwater building materials, in particular to a repair material for an underwater building structure and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The phenomena that projects built by cement-based materials, such as sewage structures, drainage box culverts, offshore wind power equipment bases, reservoir power station pump rooms, dams, inspection well bottom plates and the like, suffer from acid corrosion or high-speed water flow scouring for a long time to cause deterioration of mechanical properties and durability are more and more common, part of structural steel bars are corroded seriously, the structural bearing capacity is lost, potential safety hazards exist or the safe operation of the projects is endangered, and steel bars need to be planted in time to reinforce. However, it is impossible to repair these structures in a dry and dry state in a conventional manner, and it is necessary to perform the construction under water.
The embedded steel bar, also called as a seed steel bar, is a connection technology of steel bar post-anchoring by utilizing the holding force effect of a structural adhesive locking key in the earthquake-resistant reinforcement engineering of a building structure, and is the best choice for the application of the structure embedded steel bar reinforcement and the heavy load fastening. The conventional bar planting operation is realized by using steel bars. However, the underwater building structure repair cannot realize bar planting by using the steel bars based on the underwater special application scene.
Furthermore, although there are prior art that uses fibers to improve the tensile strength of the system, for example, chinese patent publication No. CN104860615A discloses a mortar for repairing concrete base. However, the mortar can not be used underwater, the fiber is easy to run off during underwater construction, and the strength of the fiber can not meet the requirement of bar planting, so that the tensile strength and the ultimate tensile strain of the reinforcing material can not meet the requirement of designed reinforcing performance indexes, and therefore, the improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages in the prior art, and provides a repairing material for underwater building structures, a preparation method and applications thereof. The structural repair material can realize underwater injection construction, and can replace steel bars to perform underwater bar planting operation, so that the bonding strength, the breaking strength, the tensile strength and the ultimate tensile strain of the reinforcing material, the damage load of a structural body and the corrosion resistance of acid media can meet the requirements of design and reinforcement related performance indexes.
The application provides a repair material for an underwater building structure, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the bar-planted long fiber comprises one or more of ultra-high strength polyethylene fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, basalt fiber and polyformaldehyde fiber, and the length of the single fiber of the bar-planted long fiber is 4-20mm.
Furthermore, the bar-planting long fiber is formed by compounding ultrahigh-strength polyethylene fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, basalt fiber and polyformaldehyde fiber according to the proportion of (0.5-1.5): (0.25-0.75): (0.5-1.5): 0.5-1.5).
Further, the bar-planted long fiber is prepared by compounding ultra-high-strength polyethylene fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, basalt fiber and polyformaldehyde fiber according to the following ratio of 1.
Furthermore, the monofilament length of the ultra-high-strength polyethylene fiber is 6-10mm, the monofilament length of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is 4-6mm, the monofilament length of the basalt fiber is 6-8mm, and the monofilament length of the polyformaldehyde fiber is 8-12mm.
Further, the water-dispersion-resistant compound agent is prepared by compounding rubber powder, a water repellent and a water-dispersion-resistant dispersant;
the mass ratio of the rubber powder to the water repellent to the water-resistant dispersant is (1.0-2.0): (0.1-0.5): (0.04-0.1).
Furthermore, the paint also comprises other auxiliary agents, such as water reducing agents, swelling agents and set control agents. The mass ratio of the water reducing agent to the expanding agent to the water-resistant dispersing agent is (0.02-0.26): (1.0-2.0): (0.1-2.0).
Further, the anti-dispersant is prepared from methyl cellulose ether, starch ether and polyacrylamide in a mass ratio of 1:2:0.5 compounding.
Further, the aqueous epoxy emulsion comprises one or more of bisphenol A epoxy emulsion, acrylic acid modified epoxy emulsion, polyurethane modified epoxy emulsion, organic silicon modified epoxy emulsion and phenolic aldehyde modified epoxy emulsion.
Further, the composition also comprises the following component A in parts by weight:
5-12 parts of mineral admixture;
50-67 parts of aggregate;
the cement, the water-resistant dispersion compound agent, the bar-planting long fiber and the formula jointly form a component A;
the composition also comprises the following components B in parts by weight:
0.02-0.1 part of coupling agent;
0.5-1.2 parts of diluent;
the water-based epoxy emulsion and the formula jointly form a component B;
the composition also comprises the following components in parts by weight:
0.3-0.8 part of waterborne epoxy curing agent;
3.9-6.5 parts of a toughening agent.
The waterborne epoxy curing agent comprises one or more of aliphatic amine, alicyclic amine, polyamide, aromatic amine, modified amine and polythiol composite modified waterborne epoxy curing agent.
Further, the cement comprises one or more of PI type 52.5 portland cement, sulphoaluminate cement, aluminate cement and magnesium oxychloride cement which are compounded according to a certain proportion; preferably, the mass ratio of the PI type 52.5 portland cement to the sulphoaluminate cement is (0.8-1.0): 0.1; the mass ratio of the magnesium oxychloride cement to the sulphoaluminate cement is (1.0-1.5): 0.1.
furthermore, the mineral admixture is prepared by compounding one or more of silica fume, S115-grade mineral powder, I-grade fly ash, desulfurized gypsum and metakaolin according to a certain proportion; preferably, the mass ratio of the silica fume, the S115-grade mineral powder, the I-grade fly ash, the desulfurized gypsum and the metakaolin in the mineral admixture is 1.0-2.0:8.0-10.0:6.0-8.0:1.0-2.0:0.5-1.0.
Furthermore, the rubber powder is polyvinyl alcohol-stabilized vinyl acetate dispersible latex powder (also called PVAc powder by those skilled in the art, namely, vinyl acetate dispersible rubber powder with polyvinyl alcohol as protective colloid, EP-5016H).
Further, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent or a melamine water reducing agent, the expanding agent is a CSA high-efficiency expanding agent, and the pour point regulator is prepared by compounding one or more of lithium carbonate, lithium sulfate, calcium formate and sodium gluconate.
Further, the aggregate is prepared from 0.1mm-0.2mm quartz sand, 0.2mm-0.4mm quartz sand and 5.0mm-8mm basalt aggregate according to the mass ratio of 1.5:2.5:6.0 is prepared by compounding.
Further, the toughening agent includes, but is not limited to, polyurethane modified organic amine, liquid polysulfide rubber, liquid nitrile rubber, and the like, and specifically is triethyl phosphate. Coupling agents include, but are not limited to, silane coupling agents, titanate coupling agents, and specifically organosilicon peroxide coupling agents. Diluents include, but are not limited to, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, butanediol diglycidyl ether, hexanediol diglycidyl ether, and specifically ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether.
A preparation method of a repair material for an underwater building structure comprises the following steps:
preparing a component A:
a1, putting the mineral admixture in the component A into a ball mill, and respectively adding 0.04% triethanolamine and 0.01% water glass into the mineral admixture for mixing and ball milling for 15 minutes;
a2, mixing and stirring cement, aggregate, a water dispersion resistant compound agent and the mineral admixture in the step S1 in the component A for 3-5 minutes to prepare a mixture;
a3, rapidly stirring and dispersing the bar-planting long fiber in the component A for 1-2min by adopting a stirrer at 1200-1800 rpm, and mixing the stirred and dispersed bar-planting long fiber into the mixture in the component S2 to stir for 3-6 min to obtain a component A;
preparing a component B:
b1, stirring the weighed aqueous epoxy resin emulsion, sequentially adding a diluent and a coupling agent, uniformly stirring and dispersing by using a high-speed dispersion stirrer, weighing, and packaging to obtain a component B;
preparing a component C:
c1, quickly stirring and uniformly mixing the weighed waterborne epoxy curing agent and the weighed toughening agent, and weighing;
before use, the component B and the component C are mixed and dispersed uniformly, the component A is added, and water is added for mixing and stirring to a required state, so that the underwater building structure repairing material can be obtained.
The underwater building structure repairing material is applied to the fields of underwater building structure repairing, structure reinforcing or crack repairing.
To sum up, the application comprises the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the formula system of the invention belongs to a tough material, has ductility, can resist water dispersion, can be cured underwater, and has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, acid and alkali resistance, permeability resistance, crack resistance, strong bonding force, good ductility and the like. The method can be applied to reinforcement and repair of cement-based material structures such as sewage structures, drainage box culverts, offshore wind power equipment bases, reservoir power station pump houses, dams, inspection well bottom plates and the like, does not need water cut-off or temporary drainage, has short construction period and low manufacturing cost, and can efficiently solve the problems of structural repair, structural reinforcement and crack repair of underwater buildings.
2. The invention adopts a formula system of a water-resistant dispersion compound agent, a water-based epoxy emulsion and bar-planting long fibers and combines basic substance cement (aggregate and mineral admixture) to realize underwater bar-planting operation. Specifically, the water-dispersion-resistant compound agent creates a hydrophobic operation environment for the formula system, and can separate the formula system from water underwater when the bar-planted long fibers are subjected to hydrophobic dispersion conveniently. Therefore, the loss of the bar-planting long fiber during underwater construction can be avoided, the mixture formed by the water-based epoxy emulsion, the cement and the bar-planting long fiber can resist water dispersion during underwater pouring, is free from segregation, self-leveling and self-compacting, does not need vibration, can extrude the water on the original pouring surface and can be cured underwater, and the cured mixture can be well bonded with the old concrete base surface;
3. after the bar-planting long fiber composite water-based epoxy emulsion is modified, the anti-deformation capability is strong, the tensile strength is high, and the bar-planting long fiber composite water-based epoxy emulsion can replace a steel bar for bar planting; and the water-based epoxy emulsion can improve the viscosity of the system so as to ensure that the composite fiber cannot run off during underwater construction. After compounding, the thermal expansion coefficient is close to that of concrete, and the durability is good. The whole formula system is taken as a whole, has a synergistic interaction effect, and completes underwater bar planting operation together. The reinforced material can meet the requirement of design reinforcement performance index in the aspects of tensile strength and ultimate tensile strain.
Detailed Description
The components A, B and C and the parts by weight in examples 1-3 and comparative example 1 are shown in Table 1:
table 1:
the water reducing agent shown in table 1 is a polycarboxylic acid high efficiency water reducing agent;
the water-resistant dispersant shown in table 1 is prepared from methyl cellulose ether, starch ether and polyacrylamide according to a mass ratio of 1:2:0.5 is compounded;
the set control agents shown in table 1 were prepared from lithium carbonate and calcium formate as 1:5, compounding in proportion;
the aggregate shown in the table 1 is prepared from 0.1mm-0.2mm quartz sand, 0.2mm-0.4mm quartz sand and 5.0mm-8mm basalt aggregate according to the mass ratio of 1.5:2.5:6.0 is compounded;
the bar-planted long fiber shown in table 1 is prepared from ultra-high-strength polyethylene fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, basalt fiber and polyformaldehyde fiber according to the proportion of 1:0.5:1:1, compounding in proportion; wherein the ultra-high strength polyethylene fiber is 10mm, the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is 6mm, the basalt fiber is 8mm, and the polyformaldehyde fiber is 12mm.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively preparing a component A according to the components and parts by weight in the table 1:
step two: respectively putting the mineral admixture in the components in the table 1A into a ball mill, and respectively adding 0.04% triethanolamine and 0.01% water glass into the mineral admixture for mixing and ball milling for 15 minutes;
step three: respectively mixing and stirring cement, aggregate and a water dispersion resistant compound agent in the components A in the table 1 and the mineral admixture in the step two for 3-5 minutes;
step four: respectively and rapidly stirring and dispersing the bar-planting long fibers in the component A shown in the table 1 for 1-2min by adopting a stirrer at 1200-1800 rpm, adding the stirred and dispersed bar-planting long fibers into the mixture in the step three, stirring for 3-6 min, weighing, and packaging to obtain the component A;
step five: preparing a component B according to the components and parts by weight in the following table 1 respectively:
respectively stirring the weighed aqueous epoxy emulsion in sequence, adding a diluent and a coupling agent, uniformly stirring and dispersing by using a high-speed dispersion stirrer, weighing, and packaging to obtain a component B;
step six: preparing a component C according to the components and parts by weight in the table 1:
quickly stirring and uniformly mixing the weighed waterborne epoxy curing agent and the weighed toughening agent, weighing and packaging to obtain a component C;
before use, the component B and the component C are mixed and dispersed uniformly, the component A is added, and the mixture is mixed and stirred to obtain the underwater building structure repair material of the embodiment and the comparative example in the table 1.
The results of the performance tests are shown in table 2:
table 2: test results of examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1
It can be seen from table 1 and table 2 that the underwater building structure repair material provided in embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention has a fast drying speed, high flexural strength, high compressive strength, high adhesion, high tensile strength, and excellent water resistance and high permeability resistance, and it is proved that the cement-based mineral polymer anti-dispersion inorganic material, the aqueous epoxy emulsion, and the bar-planted long fiber cooperate with each other to form a more compact and stable cross-linked network structure inside the material system, thereby effectively improving the mechanical properties of the cement-based mineral polymer anti-dispersion inorganic material.
The cement-based mineral polymer anti-dispersion inorganic material modified by the waterborne epoxy resin can be used for preparing a repair material with good acid corrosion resistance; the epoxy resin modified cement-based mineral polymer anti-dispersion inorganic material has better acid corrosion resistance, and the problem of poor acid corrosion resistance of the traditional cement-based material is solved in a mechanism manner; the use of the water-based epoxy resin effectively improves the bonding force between the repair mortar and the base concrete material; the tensile property of the repair mortar is enhanced by the composite organic fiber.
In addition, the present application is also provided with the following control groups:
comparative example 2:
the difference from the example 1 is that: the bar-planting long fiber is basalt fiber which is a single fiber.
Comparative example 3:
the difference from the embodiment 1 is that: the bar-planted long fiber is prepared by compounding two kinds of fibers, namely basalt and polyvinyl alcohol fibers (1.
Comparative example 4:
the difference from the embodiment 1 is that: the bar-planting long fiber adopts three types of fibers, namely polyvinyl alcohol fiber: basalt fiber: polyoxymethylene fiber (0.5.
Comparative example 5:
the difference from the example 1 is that: the bar-planted long fiber is prepared by compounding ultra-high-strength polyethylene fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, basalt fiber and polyformaldehyde fiber according to the proportion of 1.
Comparative example 6:
the difference from the embodiment 1 is that: the bar-planted long fiber is prepared by compounding ultra-high strength polyethylene fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, basalt fiber and polyformaldehyde fiber according to the proportion of 1.5.
Comparative example 7:
the difference from the example 1 is that: the selected water dispersion resistant compound agent is not added with rubber powder.
The results of the performance tests are shown in table 3:
table 3: test results of example 1 and comparative examples 2 to 6
In the prior art, underwater embedded steel bar glue is combined with steel bars to act on the underwater embedded steel bars. The underwater reinforcing bar planting adhesive can jointly work to bear various stresses by enhancing the connection of concrete and reinforcing steel bars. However, no underwater building structure repair material exists in the market, and the underwater building structure repair material can replace steel bars and correspondingly bear various stresses of underwater buildings. Particularly, in the field of repairing cracks of underwater buildings, the cracks are small so that reinforcing steel bars cannot be implanted, and the repair of the cracks of the underwater buildings becomes difficult and pain points in the field. In addition, the repairing material can also carry out operations such as structural repair, structural reinforcement and the like under the underwater construction environment.
As can be seen from table 3, the reinforced long fiber in comparative example 4 is prepared by combining three types of fibers, while the reinforced long fiber in comparative example 5 is prepared by combining four types of fibers, but the tensile strength of comparative example 5 is lower than that of comparative example 4, and it can be seen that the more the types of the combined fibers are, the higher the tensile strength can be. And from the data of example 1, comparative examples 5-6: although the fibers with the same components are adopted, the tensile strength of the reinforcing bar long fibers is greatly different due to different compounding ratios, the tensile property is determined by the dispersibility of the reinforcing bar long fibers in the formula system, and the tensile strength of the repair material is higher if the dispersibility is good. In addition, can replace the reinforcing bar under water in order to make the bar planting long fiber of this application to accomplish the bar planting under water. The length of the fibres thus selected is a particular requirement, which is to be met from 4 to 20mm. If the fiber length is too low, the tensile strength of the fiber cannot meet the requirement of underwater bar planting, and if the fiber length is longer, the dispersibility of the fiber in the system is reduced, so that the tensile strength of the fiber is influenced. Therefore, the compounding ratio and the length of the bar-planting long fiber are the results of specific selection of the inventor.
Table 4: test results of example 1 and comparative example 7
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. An underwater building structure repair material, characterized in that: comprises the following components in parts by weight:
17-28 parts of cement;
4-11 parts of a water-dispersion-resistant compound agent;
3-5 parts of water-based epoxy emulsion;
0.8-4 parts of bar-planting long fiber;
the bar-planted long fiber is formed by compounding ultra-high-strength polyethylene fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, basalt fiber and polyformaldehyde fiber according to the weight ratio of 1;
the water dispersion resistant compound agent is prepared by compounding rubber powder, a water repellent and a water dispersion resistant agent.
2. The underwater building structure repair material according to claim 1, wherein: the monofilament length of the ultra-high-strength polyethylene fiber is 6-10mm, the monofilament length of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is 4-6mm, the monofilament length of the basalt fiber is 6-8mm, and the monofilament length of the polyformaldehyde fiber is 8-12mm.
3. The underwater building structure repair material according to claim 2, wherein: the mass ratio of the rubber powder to the water repellent to the water-resistant dispersant is (1.0-2.0): (0.1-0.5): (0.04-0.1).
4. The underwater building structure repair material according to claim 3, wherein: the water-resistant dispersant is prepared from methyl cellulose ether, starch ether and polyacrylamide according to a mass ratio of 1:2:0.5 of the mixture.
5. The underwater building structure repair material according to claim 4, wherein: the water-based epoxy emulsion comprises one or more of bisphenol A epoxy emulsion, acrylic acid modified epoxy emulsion, polyurethane modified epoxy emulsion, organic silicon modified epoxy emulsion and phenolic aldehyde modified epoxy emulsion.
6. The underwater building structure repair material according to claim 5, wherein: the paint also comprises the following component A in parts by weight:
5-12 parts of mineral admixture;
50-67 parts of aggregate;
the cement, the water-resistant dispersion compound agent, the bar-planting long fiber and the formula jointly form a component A;
the composition also comprises the following components B in parts by weight:
0.02-0.1 part of coupling agent;
0.5-1.2 parts of diluent;
the water-based epoxy emulsion and the formula jointly form a component B;
the paint also comprises the following component C in parts by weight:
0.3-0.8 part of waterborne epoxy curing agent;
3.9-6.5 parts of a toughening agent;
the waterborne epoxy curing agent comprises one or more of aliphatic amine, alicyclic amine, polyamide, aromatic amine, modified amine and polythiol.
7. The method for preparing a material for repairing a structure of an underwater building as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
preparing a component A:
a1, putting the mineral admixture in the component A into a ball mill, and respectively adding 0.04% triethanolamine and 0.01% water glass into the mineral admixture for mixing and ball milling for 15 minutes;
a2, mixing and stirring cement, aggregate, a water dispersion resistant compound agent and the mineral admixture in the step S1 in the component A for 3-5 minutes to prepare a mixture;
a3, rapidly stirring and dispersing the bar-planting long fiber in the component A for 1-2min by adopting a stirrer with 1200-1800 rpm, and doping the stirred and dispersed bar-planting long fiber into the mixture in the component S2 for stirring for 3-6 min to obtain a component A;
preparing a component B:
b1, stirring the weighed water-based epoxy emulsion, sequentially adding a diluent and a coupling agent, and using a high-speed dispersion stirrer
Stirring and dispersing uniformly, weighing and packaging to obtain a component B;
preparing a component C:
c1, quickly stirring and uniformly mixing the weighed waterborne epoxy curing agent and the weighed toughening agent, and weighing;
before use, the component B and the component C are mixed and dispersed uniformly, and then the component A is added, mixed and stirred to obtain the underwater building structure repairing material.
8. Use of the underwater building structure repair material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the field of underwater building structure repair, structural reinforcement or crack repair.
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| CN104860615A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-08-26 | 万华节能科技集团股份有限公司 | Mortar for concrete base surface repair, and preparation method thereof |
| CN107298958A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-10-27 | 江苏苏博特新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of epoxyn for being applied to moist and underwater environment |
| CN107311561A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-11-03 | 同济大学 | It is a kind of for 3D printing cement-based material of underwater construction and preparation method thereof |
| KR101995844B1 (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-07-04 | 이동우 | Mortar composition for repairing and reinforcing underwater concrete structures, and method of repairing and reinforcing underwater concrete structures using the same |
| CN112645647A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-13 | 同济大学 | Nano-silica modified geopolymer anticorrosive mortar and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104860615A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-08-26 | 万华节能科技集团股份有限公司 | Mortar for concrete base surface repair, and preparation method thereof |
| CN107298958A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-10-27 | 江苏苏博特新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of epoxyn for being applied to moist and underwater environment |
| CN107311561A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-11-03 | 同济大学 | It is a kind of for 3D printing cement-based material of underwater construction and preparation method thereof |
| KR101995844B1 (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-07-04 | 이동우 | Mortar composition for repairing and reinforcing underwater concrete structures, and method of repairing and reinforcing underwater concrete structures using the same |
| CN112645647A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-13 | 同济大学 | Nano-silica modified geopolymer anticorrosive mortar and preparation method thereof |
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