CN114274831B - Battery power conversion assembly and control method thereof, power conversion car and power conversion system - Google Patents
Battery power conversion assembly and control method thereof, power conversion car and power conversion system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114274831B CN114274831B CN202111621806.9A CN202111621806A CN114274831B CN 114274831 B CN114274831 B CN 114274831B CN 202111621806 A CN202111621806 A CN 202111621806A CN 114274831 B CN114274831 B CN 114274831B
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The disclosure relates to a battery power conversion assembly and a control method thereof, a power conversion car and a power conversion system, wherein the battery power conversion assembly comprises: the charging seat (3) is provided with a positive high-voltage plug-in (1) and a negative high-voltage plug-in (2); a battery (4) arranged on the charging seat (3); the two ends of the charge-discharge loop (A) are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery (4), and the charge-discharge loop (A) is provided with a positive contactor (6) and a negative contactor (7) which are both in a normally open state; the positive high-voltage plug-in unit (1) is provided with a first contact (11) and a second contact (12), wherein the first contact (11) is communicated with the positive electrode of the battery (4), and the second contact (12) is connected with the load circuit (5) through the positive contact (6); the negative high-voltage plug-in unit (2) has a third contact (21) and a fourth contact (22), the third contact (21) being in communication with the negative electrode of the battery (4), the fourth contact (22) being connected to the load circuit (5) via the negative contact (7).
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of electric vehicle power conversion, in particular to a battery power conversion assembly, a control method thereof, a power conversion vehicle and a power conversion system.
Background
The electric vehicle is powered by the battery pack, the battery pack is arranged on the power conversion and conversion base, and the high-voltage plug-in unit is arranged on the power conversion and conversion base, so that the battery pack is charged and discharged through the high-voltage plug-in unit.
At present, the charging circuit and the discharging circuit are separately designed, and four high-voltage plug-ins are required to be arranged, and the charging circuit and the discharging circuit comprise: the high-voltage charging positive, the high-voltage charging negative, the high-voltage discharging positive and the high-voltage discharging negative lead to more high-voltage plug-ins special for power conversion. Moreover, each high-voltage plug-in unit needs to be provided with a high-voltage connector and is provided with a high-voltage cable for connection, and if necessary, a high-voltage safety is also needed.
The high-voltage plug-in unit, the high-voltage cable, the high-voltage contactor and the high-voltage protector are high in price, the whole power conversion assembly is extremely high in cost due to the fact that the high-voltage plug-in unit, the high-voltage cable, the high-voltage contactor and the high-voltage protector are high in usage amount, and the risk of faults is increased due to the fact that the high-voltage plug-in unit and the matched devices are high in usage amount.
Disclosure of Invention
The disclosure provides a battery power conversion assembly, a control method thereof, a power conversion car and a power conversion system, which can optimize the structure of the battery power conversion assembly and improve the performance.
According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a battery power conversion assembly comprising:
the charging seat is provided with a positive high-voltage plug-in unit and a negative high-voltage plug-in unit, and the positive high-voltage plug-in unit and the negative high-voltage plug-in unit have charging and discharging functions;
the battery is arranged on the charging seat and is charged through the charging seat; and
the charging and discharging circuit is provided with a positive contactor and a negative contactor, and the positive contactor and the negative contactor are both in a normally open state;
the positive high-voltage plug-in unit is provided with a first contact piece and a second contact piece, wherein the first contact piece is communicated with the positive electrode of the battery, and the second contact piece is connected with the load circuit through a positive contactor; the negative high-voltage plug-in unit is provided with a third contact piece and a fourth contact piece, wherein the third contact piece is communicated with the negative electrode of the battery, and the fourth contact piece is connected with a load circuit through a negative contactor.
In some embodiments, the battery power conversion assembly further comprises:
the pre-charging branch is connected with the positive contactor in parallel, and the pre-charging contactor and the resistor are arranged in series on the pre-charging branch, and the pre-charging contactor is in a normally open state; and
and a controller configured to close the precharge contactor during a period of time when the charge and discharge are started, so that the battery is precharged to the capacitor in the load circuit.
In some embodiments, the controller is configured to close the positive contactor to turn on the charge-discharge loop and to open the pre-charge contactor when the difference between the voltage across the pre-charge capacitor and the voltage of the battery does not exceed a preset voltage differential.
In some embodiments, the controller is configured to close the negative contactor before closing the pre-charge contactor.
In some embodiments, the battery power conversion assembly further comprises:
and a safety device provided on the charge-discharge circuit and configured to limit a current of the charge-discharge circuit.
In some embodiments, the battery is removably disposed on the charging stand.
According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a trolley bus comprising:
a vehicle body; and
the battery replacing assembly of the embodiment is characterized in that the charging seat is arranged on the vehicle body.
According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a power conversion system comprising:
the electric vehicle of the above embodiment; and
the battery replacement station includes a charging device configured to charge a battery.
In some embodiments, the power conversion system further comprises a power conversion base, the power conversion base is provided with a positive high-voltage plug-in unit and a negative high-voltage plug-in unit, the battery is detachable relative to the charging base, and the charging mode of the power conversion vehicle comprises a whole vehicle charging mode and a power conversion base charging mode in the power conversion station; wherein,
in the whole vehicle charging mode, the battery and the charging seat are both positioned on the vehicle body, and the positive high-voltage plug-in unit and the negative high-voltage plug-in unit are connected with the charging equipment for charging;
under the charging mode of the battery replacing seat in the battery replacing station, the battery is detached from the charging seat and is installed on the battery replacing seat, and the battery is charged through connection of the charging equipment and the positive high-voltage plug-in and the negative high-voltage plug-in on the battery replacing seat.
In some embodiments, the power conversion system further comprises a power conversion base, the charging base is detachable relative to the vehicle body, and the charging mode of the power conversion vehicle further comprises off-vehicle charging in the power conversion station; wherein,
in the off-vehicle charging mode in the battery exchange station, the charging seat is separated from the vehicle body, and the charging seat and the battery are mounted on the battery exchange base together and are connected with the positive high-voltage plug-in unit and the negative high-voltage plug-in unit on the charging seat through the charging equipment for charging.
According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a power exchanging method based on the power exchanging system of the above embodiment, the battery power exchanging assembly further includes: the precharge branch is connected with the positive contactor in parallel, the precharge branch is connected with the precharge contactor and the resistor in series, and the power conversion method comprises the following steps:
after entering a charging mode or a discharging mode, closing the negative contactor, and keeping the positive contactor in a normally open state;
closing the precharge contactor to precharge the battery to the capacitor in the load circuit;
after the precharge is completed, the positive contactor is closed to turn on the charge/discharge circuit, and the precharge contactor is opened.
In some embodiments, the power conversion method further comprises, prior to closing the negative contactor:
if the charging mode is the charging mode, locking the discharging mode; and/or
If the charging mode is the discharging mode, the charging mode is locked.
In some embodiments, after entering the charging mode, the power conversion method further comprises:
identifying a charging mode;
if the charging mode is a whole vehicle charging mode, charging the battery through connection of the charging equipment and the positive high-voltage plug-in and the negative high-voltage plug-in of the charging seat;
if the charging mode is a charging mode of a battery replacing seat in the battery replacing station, charging the battery through connection of charging equipment in the battery replacing station and a positive high-voltage plug-in and a negative high-voltage plug-in on the battery replacing seat;
and if the charging mode is the off-vehicle charging mode in the power exchange station, charging is carried out through connection of charging equipment in the power exchange station and a positive high-voltage plug-in and a negative high-voltage plug-in on the charging seat.
According to the battery power conversion assembly, the positive high-voltage plug-in unit and the negative high-voltage plug-in unit with the charge and discharge functions are arranged, so that the charge loop and the discharge loop adopt the same loop, only a pair of high-voltage plug-in units are arranged on the charge seat, and the reduction of the loop can reduce matching components such as cables and internal contactors, so that the system structure of the battery power conversion assembly can be simplified, the design is simplified, the function utilization rate of the components is improved, the control strategy is fully exerted, the system optimization and the performance improvement are sometimes realized, the fault rate is reduced, the fault point is reduced, and the cost is greatly saved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of a charging dock in a battery change assembly of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of some embodiments of a battery power conversion assembly of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of the operation of the disclosed battery change system in a charging mode and a discharging mode.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments in this disclosure, all other embodiments that a person of ordinary skill in the art would obtain without carrying out the inventive task are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of the specification.
In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present disclosure and to simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present disclosure; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.
In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc. for defining components is merely for convenience in distinguishing corresponding components, and the terms are not meant to be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure unless otherwise indicated.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present disclosure provides a battery power conversion assembly, in some embodiments, comprising: a charging stand 3, a battery 4 and a charge-discharge circuit A.
The charging seat 3 is provided with a positive high-voltage plug-in 1 and a negative high-voltage plug-in 2, and both the positive high-voltage plug-in 1 and the negative high-voltage plug-in 2 have charging and discharging functions. Mounting holes 14 can be formed in the positive high-voltage plug-in 1 and the negative high-voltage plug-in 2 and are used for being connected with the charging seat 3 through fasteners, and low-voltage communication interfaces 13 can be formed in the positive high-voltage plug-in 1 and the negative high-voltage plug-in 2.
The battery 4 is provided on the charging stand 3 to be charged by the charging stand 3, and specifically, the positive high-voltage plug-in 1 and the negative high-voltage plug-in 2 of the charging stand 3 can charge the battery 4 by docking with a charging device. The positive high-voltage plug-in 1 arranged on the charging seat 3 is a part of one connector, and can be a socket or a plug, and the negative high-voltage plug-in 2 is a part of the other connector, and can be a socket or a plug. The high voltage mentioned herein is opposite to the low voltage, which is a class a voltage, alternating current is not more than 30V, direct current is not more than 60V; the high voltage is B-stage voltage, the alternating current is more than 30V and less than 1000V, and the direct current is more than 60V and less than 1500V. .
Both ends of the charge-discharge loop A are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery 4, a positive contactor 6 and a negative contactor 7 are arranged on the charge-discharge loop A, and the positive contactor 6 and the negative contactor 7 are in a normally open state.
The positive high-voltage plug-in unit 1 has a first contact 11 and a second contact 12, the first contact 11 is in conduction with the positive electrode of the battery 4, and the second contact 12 is connected with the load circuit 5 through the positive contact 6; the negative high-voltage plug-in unit 2 has a third contact 21 and a fourth contact 22, the third contact 21 being in communication with the negative electrode of the battery 4, the fourth contact 22 being connected to the load circuit 5 via the negative contact 7.
With the positive high-voltage plug-in 1 and the negative high-voltage plug-in 2 connected to the charging device and the positive contactor 6 and the negative contactor 7 closed, the charge-discharge circuit a is switched on, and the battery 4 can be charged by the charging device. When the positive high-voltage plug-in 1 and the negative high-voltage plug-in 2 are not connected to the charging device and the positive contactor 6 and the negative contactor 7 are closed, the charge/discharge circuit a is turned on, the battery 4 is discharged, and power is supplied to the load circuit 5 to operate the load.
The battery replacement assembly of the embodiment enables the charging circuit and the discharging circuit to adopt the same circuit by arranging the positive high-voltage plug-in 1 and the negative high-voltage plug-in 2 with charging and discharging functions, only a pair of high-voltage plug-ins are needed to be arranged on the charging seat 3, and the reduction of the circuit can also reduce matching components such as cables, internal contactors and the like, so that the system structure of the battery replacement assembly can be simplified, the design is simplified, the function utilization rate of the components is improved, the control strategy is fully exerted, the system optimization and the performance improvement are sometimes realized, the fault rate is reduced, the fault point is reduced, and the control difficulty of the charging and discharging process is also reduced due to the reduction of the number of the high-voltage contactors.
Moreover, because the high-voltage plug-in units special for power conversion belong to special parts, the high-voltage plug-in units have higher plugging service life, higher reliability, higher current carrying capacity and higher error compatibility, so the high-voltage plug-in units have extremely high cost, usually one thousand yuan or thousands yuan, and the high-power cables, the high-specification high-voltage connectors, the high-voltage insurance and the like of the high-voltage system are also expensive parts. Therefore, the battery power exchange assembly can greatly save the cost, and can save more than 50% and more than 75% of the cost of the power exchange plug-in unit cable.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the battery power conversion assembly further comprises: a precharge branch B and a controller. The pre-charging branch B is connected with the positive contactor 6 in parallel, the pre-charging branch B is provided with a pre-charging contactor 8 and a resistor 9 in series, and the pre-charging contactor 8 is in a normally open state. And a controller configured to close the precharge contactor 8 during a period in which charge and discharge are started, so that the battery 4 is precharged to the capacitor in the load circuit 5.
The resistor 9 can be a high-power resistor, before the charge-discharge loop A is connected, the precharge loop is firstly connected, the precharge loop comprises a precharge branch B and a circuit section connected with the precharge branch B in parallel is removed from the charge-discharge loop A, and the current is limited through the resistor 9, so that the current in the precharge process does not exceed the preset current, the capacitor in the load circuit 5 is gradually charged, the difference between the two ends of the capacitor and the voltage provided by the battery 4 is reduced, the phenomena of ignition and high current caused by instant charging of the capacitor are prevented, the contact point of the arc ablation contactor caused by high voltage is reduced, and the service lives of the contactor and the circuit are prolonged.
In some embodiments, the controller is configured to close the positive contactor 6 to turn on the charge-discharge loop a and to open the pre-charge contactor 8 when the difference between the voltage across the pre-charge capacitor and the voltage of the battery 4 does not exceed a preset voltage differential.
In this embodiment, when the difference between the voltage at two ends of the capacitor and the voltage of the battery 4 is not greater than the preset voltage difference, it is indicated that the voltage of the capacitor in the load circuit 5 is close to the voltage provided by the battery 4, and the precharge is completed at this time, then the positive contactor 6 is closed to switch on the charge-discharge loop a, and the precharge contactor 8 is opened, so as to prevent the phenomena of ignition and heavy current caused by instantaneous charging of the capacitor, reduce the arc erosion of the contactor contacts caused by high voltage, and prolong the service lives of the contactor and the circuit, thereby improving the safety of the charge-discharge process.
In some embodiments, the controller is configured to close the negative contactor 7 before closing the pre-charge contactor 8.
The control principle of this embodiment is: during discharging, the negative contactor 7 is closed, the pre-charging contactor 8 is closed, the positive contactor 6 is closed and the pre-charging contactor 8 is opened after pre-charging is completed, a high-voltage power-on flow is realized, the battery 4 outputs high-voltage direct current through the positive high-voltage plug-in unit 1 and the negative high-voltage plug-in unit 2, and the load circuit 5 is discharged to realize the whole vehicle function.
The last contactor closed in the high voltage circuit is subjected to current and voltage surge, and if the voltage differential and current are excessive, arcing may ablate the contacts. In this embodiment, the negative contactor 7 is closed before the precharge contactor 8 is closed, so that the safety of the negative contactor 7 as a power supply contactor of the charge-discharge circuit a can be ensured, which is equivalent to a wire, the subsequent contact impact is not born, the dedicated precharge contactor 8 including the precharge resistor is closed finally, and the voltage change before and after the precharge resistor is closed can be detected through the precharge voltage detection point, so as to determine the precharge state and the differential pressure change amount.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the battery power conversion assembly further comprises: the safety device 10 is provided on the charge/discharge circuit a and configured to limit the maximum current of the charge/discharge circuit a. For example, the safety device 10 may be located between the positive high voltage plug 1 and the positive contactor 6, or between the negative high voltage plug 2 and the negative contactor 7, or at other locations of the charge-discharge circuit a.
According to the embodiment, the safety device is arranged on the charge-discharge loop A, so that an overcurrent protection effect can be achieved, when the current of the charge-discharge loop A or the precharge loop is increased to a certain degree, the safety device 10 can automatically fuse, cut off the current loop, prevent the large current from further damaging the positive high-voltage plug-in unit 1, the negative high-voltage plug-in unit 2, the positive contactor 6 and the negative contactor 7, and improve the working safety of the system.
In some embodiments, the battery 4 is detachably provided on the charging stand 3. If the battery power changing assembly with the structure is used in an electric vehicle, at least two charging modes can be adopted.
Firstly, adopting whole car charge mode, battery 4 and charging seat 3 are all in the automobile body, and battery 4 still installs on the charging seat, and battery charging outfit can be for the electric pile that charges, and positive high voltage plug-in components 1 and negative high voltage plug-in components 2 on the charging seat 3 are connected with battery charging outfit and charge. The mode is convenient to charge, the battery 4 is not required to be detached from the vehicle, and the disassembly and assembly links are omitted.
And secondly, a battery 4 is detached from the charging seat 3 and is arranged on a battery replacing base in the battery replacing station by adopting a charging mode of the battery replacing seat in the battery replacing station, and the battery is charged by being connected with the positive high-voltage plug-in 1 and the negative high-voltage plug-in 2 on the battery replacing base through charging equipment. The battery 4 can be detached from the charging seat 3 for charging, and other batteries can be mounted on the charging seat 3 for use when the battery 4 is charged, so that the normal use of the vehicle is not affected.
In both charging modes, the charging device may be a charging post or other device, and if a charging gun, the positive high voltage plug-in 1 and the negative high voltage plug-in 2 are connected to the charging gun of the charging post.
The embodiment can enable the charging mode of the battery 4 to be more flexible, support the functions of whole-vehicle charging and off-vehicle charging, and flexibly select according to actual requirements.
Second, the present disclosure provides a trolley bus, comprising, in some embodiments: the battery power conversion assembly of the vehicle body and the embodiment is characterized in that the charging seat 3 is arranged on the vehicle body. The battery replacement assembly can be arranged at the back position of a cab of the vehicle body or can be arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body.
For example, the battery replacement assembly can be arranged at the back position of the cab, and the container, the traction seat, the cement tank and the like can be arranged at the position of the vehicle body at the rear part of the cab to realize different functions.
The battery power exchange assembly of the embodiment is arranged on the power exchange vehicle, the probability of faults of a power supply system of the power exchange vehicle can be reduced, the number of high-voltage contactors is reduced, the control difficulty in the charging and discharging process is also reduced, and the cost of the power supply system can be reduced.
Again, the present disclosure provides a power conversion system, in some embodiments, comprising: the battery exchange and the battery exchange station of the above embodiments comprise a charging device configured to charge the battery 4, which may be a charging gun or other charging device.
In some embodiments, the power conversion system further comprises a power conversion base, the power conversion base is provided with a positive high-voltage plug-in 1 and a negative high-voltage plug-in 2, the function of the power conversion base is consistent with that of a charging base in the battery power conversion assembly, the positive high-voltage plug-in 1 and the negative high-voltage plug-in 2 are also provided with a charging function and a discharging function, and a charging and discharging loop of the power conversion base is consistent with the battery power conversion assembly.
The battery 4 is detachable relative to the charging seat 3, and the charging mode of the battery replacing vehicle comprises a whole vehicle charging mode and a charging mode of the battery replacing seat in the battery replacing station. Wherein:
in the whole car charging mode, the battery 4 and the charging seat 3 are both arranged on the car body, the charging equipment is a charging pile, and the positive high-voltage plug-in unit 1 and the negative high-voltage plug-in unit 2 are connected with the charging equipment for charging. The mode is convenient to charge, the battery 4 is not required to be detached from the trolley replacing vehicle, and the disassembly and assembly links are omitted.
In the charging mode of the power exchange seat in the power exchange station, the battery 4 is detached from the charging seat 3 and is installed on the power exchange seat, and is connected with the positive high-voltage plug-in 1 and the negative high-voltage plug-in 2 on the power exchange seat through charging equipment for charging. The battery 4 can be detached from the charging seat 3 for charging in the mode, and other batteries can be installed on the charging seat 3 for use when the battery 4 is charged, so that the normal use of the electric vehicle is not affected.
The embodiment can enable the charging mode of the battery 4 in the electric vehicle replacement to be more flexible, support the functions of whole vehicle charging and off-vehicle charging, and flexibly select according to actual requirements.
In other embodiments, the charging seat 3 is detachable relative to the vehicle body, and the charging mode of the electric vehicle also comprises off-vehicle charging in the electric vehicle; in the off-car charging mode in the battery exchange station, the charging seat 3 is separated from the car body, and the charging seat 3 and the battery 4 are mounted on the battery exchange seat together, and are connected with the positive high-voltage plug-in 1 and the negative high-voltage plug-in 2 on the charging seat 3 through charging equipment for charging. The charging device may be a charging peg or other device.
The charging mode of the embodiment is basically consistent with the whole vehicle charging mode, and the difference is that the battery is not positioned on the vehicle body, but is charged in the battery replacement station, and when the battery 4 is charged, another battery replacement assembly can be arranged on the vehicle body, so that the normal use of the battery replacement is not influenced. In addition, the charging mode does not need to pull the battery 4 off the charging seat 3, and poor contact between the battery 4 and the charging seat 3 caused by frequent plugging and unplugging can be prevented, so that the influence on the whole vehicle charging mode and the off-vehicle charging in the battery exchange station is avoided.
In the above three charging modes, the charging device may be a charging post or other device, and if a charging gun is used, the positive high voltage plug-in 1 and the negative high voltage plug-in 2 are connected with the charging gun of the charging post.
According to the embodiment, the electric vehicle can be provided with three charging modes, so that the diversity of the charging modes of the battery 4 in the electric vehicle is improved, the whole vehicle charging and two vehicle-leaving charging functions are supported, and the electric vehicle can be flexibly selected according to actual requirements.
Finally, in a power exchanging method of the power exchanging system according to the above embodiment of the present disclosure, in some embodiments, the battery power exchanging assembly further includes: the precharge branch B is connected with the positive contactor 6 in parallel, and the precharge contactor 8 and the resistor 9 are arranged on the precharge branch B in series, and the power conversion method comprises the following steps:
after entering a charging mode or a discharging mode, closing the negative contactor 7, and keeping the positive contactor 6 in a normally open state;
closing the precharge contactor 8 to precharge the battery 4 to the capacitor in the load circuit 5;
after the precharge is completed, the positive contactor 6 is closed to turn on the charge/discharge circuit a, and the precharge contactor 8 is opened.
Wherein the steps are sequentially performed. Before the charge-discharge loop A is connected, the pre-charge loop is connected first, and the current is limited through the resistor 9, so that the current in the pre-charge process does not exceed the preset current, and the capacitor in the load circuit 5 is gradually charged, the voltage difference between the two ends of the capacitor and the voltage provided by the battery 4 is reduced, the phenomena of ignition and heavy current caused by instant charging of the capacitor are prevented, the contact point of the arc ablation contactor caused by high voltage is reduced, and the service lives of the contactor and the circuit are prolonged.
In some embodiments, the power conversion method of the present disclosure further comprises, prior to closing the negative contactor 7: if the charging mode is the charging mode, locking the discharging mode; and/or if the charging mode is the discharging mode, locking the charging mode.
The embodiment can inhibit the simultaneous working of the charging mode and the discharging mode, can improve the safety in the charging or discharging process and prevent misoperation, thereby improving the reliability of the charging and working of the electric vehicle.
In some embodiments, after entering the charging mode, the power conversion method further comprises:
identifying a charging mode;
if the charging mode is a whole vehicle charging mode, the battery 4 is charged through the connection between the charging equipment and the positive high-voltage plug-in 1 and the negative high-voltage plug-in 2 of the charging seat 3;
if the charging mode is a charging mode of a battery replacing seat in the battery replacing station, the battery 4 is charged through connection of charging equipment in the battery replacing station and a positive high-voltage plug-in 1 and a negative high-voltage plug-in 2 on the battery replacing seat;
if the charging mode is the off-vehicle charging mode in the power exchange station, charging is carried out through connection of charging equipment in the power exchange station and the positive high-voltage plug-in 1 and the negative high-voltage plug-in 2 on the charging seat 3.
The power exchanging method of the power exchanging vehicle of the present disclosure will be specifically described with reference to fig. 2 and 3.
1. As shown in the left-hand diagram of fig. 3, in the in-station cradle charging mode, the battery 4 is detached from the cradle 3, separated from the load of the vehicle, and mounted on the cradle in the station. As shown in fig. 3, the battery exchange station acquires an identified charging mode signal, and the signal CAN additionally provide at least one of a hard wire signal and a CAN message signal based on a national standard gun identification signal, and after the battery management system BMS in the battery exchange assembly identifies the charging signal in the battery exchange mode, the battery management system BMS, the whole vehicle controller VCU or other charge-discharge interlocking programs in the controllers for controlling power on/off and charge-discharge lock the discharging mode, so that only charging CAN be performed. All main control auxiliary control such as MCU and the enabling and function of output load are locked, can not be output to prevent misoperation, and enter a charging mode.
After the charging communication flow is finished, the battery management system BMS controls the negative contactor 7 to be closed, further controls the positive contactor 6 to be closed to finish high-voltage loop connection, and sends the charging requirement to charging equipment in the power exchange station to realize charging, and the charging equipment in the power exchange station inputs high-voltage direct current through the positive high-voltage plug-in unit 1 and the negative high-voltage plug-in unit 2 to realize charging for the battery 4. In the charging mode of the battery exchange station, a pre-charging link can be omitted. The charging of the battery exchange station may include a battery exchange station charging mode and a battery exchange station off-car charging mode.
2. As shown in fig. 3, in the whole vehicle charging mode, both the battery 4 and the charging stand 3 are still mounted on the vehicle without being separated from the vehicle load, and the battery 4 is charged through the stand 3. As shown in fig. 3, the charging device may be a charging pile, when the charging gun of the charging pile completes the gun insertion identification of the vehicle and the charging pile, and after handshaking communication, the battery management system BMS identifies the whole vehicle charging signal, and the signal may additionally provide at least one of a hard wire signal and a CAN message signal based on the national standard gun insertion identification signal, and the battery management system BMS, the whole vehicle controller VCU or other charge-discharge interlocking programs in the controllers controlling the power up and power down and charge-discharge lock the discharge mode, so that only charging CAN be performed. All main control auxiliary control such as MCU and the enabling and function of output load are locked, can not be output to prevent misoperation, and enter a charging mode.
After the charging communication flow is finished, the battery management system BMS controls the negative contactor 7 to be closed, the battery management system BMS, the whole vehicle controller VCU or other controllers for powering on and off and charging and discharging flows control the pre-charging contactor 8 to be closed, high-voltage pre-charging is firstly carried out on the whole vehicle load, particularly the capacitor in the micro control unit MCU, after the pre-charging is finished, the corresponding controllers control the positive contactor 6 to be closed to form a high-voltage loop, and further control the pre-charging contactor 8 to finish high-voltage loop connection. And sends the charging demand to a charging pile, and the charging pile inputs high-voltage direct current through the positive high-voltage plug-in 1 and the negative high-voltage plug-in 2 to charge the battery 4 in the power conversion assembly.
3. As shown in the right diagram of fig. 3, the battery management system BMS, the vehicle controller VCU, or other controllers controlling the power-on/off or charging/discharging processes lock the charging process without any charging signal, and only allow the discharging process, so as to prevent malfunction and then enter the discharging mode.
The foregoing description of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure is not intended to limit the present disclosure, but rather, any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a trade electric system, its characterized in that includes to trade electric car, trade power station and trade electric base, trade electric car includes automobile body and battery and trade electric assembly, battery trades electric assembly and includes:
the charging seat (3) is arranged on the vehicle body and provided with a positive high-voltage plug-in unit (1) and a negative high-voltage plug-in unit (2), and the positive high-voltage plug-in unit (1) and the negative high-voltage plug-in unit (2) have charging and discharging functions;
a battery (4) provided on the charging stand (3) to be charged by the charging stand (3); and
the two ends of the charge-discharge loop (A) are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery (4), a positive contactor (6) and a negative contactor (7) are arranged on the charge-discharge loop (A), and the positive contactor (6) and the negative contactor (7) are both in a normally open state;
the positive high-voltage plug-in unit (1) comprises a first contact (11) and a second contact (12), wherein the first contact (11) is in conduction with the positive electrode of the battery (4), and the second contact (12) is connected with a load circuit (5) through the positive contact (6); the negative high-voltage plug-in unit (2) comprises a third contact (21) and a fourth contact (22), wherein the third contact (21) is communicated with the negative electrode of the battery (4), and the fourth contact (22) is connected with the load circuit (5) through the negative contact (7);
wherein the power exchange station comprises a charging device configured to charge the battery (4); the battery replacement base is provided with the positive high-voltage plug-in unit (1) and the negative high-voltage plug-in unit (2), the battery (4) is detachable relative to the charging base (3), and the charging mode of the battery replacement comprises a whole vehicle charging mode and a charging mode of the battery replacement base in the battery replacement station; wherein,
in the whole vehicle charging mode, the battery (4) and the charging seat (3) are both positioned on the vehicle body, the charging equipment is a charging pile, and the positive high-voltage plug-in unit (1) and the negative high-voltage plug-in unit (2) are connected with the charging equipment for charging;
under the charging mode of the battery replacing seat in the battery replacing station, the battery (4) is detached from the charging seat (3) and installed on the battery replacing seat, and is connected with the positive high-voltage plug-in unit (1) and the negative high-voltage plug-in unit (2) on the battery replacing seat through the charging equipment for charging.
2. The battery power conversion system of claim 1, wherein the battery power conversion assembly further comprises:
the pre-charging branch circuit (B) is connected with the positive contactor (6) in parallel, the pre-charging branch circuit (B) is provided with a pre-charging contactor (8) and a resistor (9) in series, and the pre-charging contactor (8) is in a normally open state; and
a controller configured to close the precharge contactor (8) during a period of time when charging and discharging starts, to precharge the battery (4) to a capacitance in the load circuit (5).
3. A power conversion system according to claim 2, characterized in that the controller is configured to close the positive contactor (6) to switch on the charge-discharge loop (a) and to switch off the pre-charge contactor (8) when the difference between the voltage across the capacitor and the voltage of the battery (4) is pre-charged to no more than a preset voltage difference.
4. A power conversion system according to claim 2, characterized in that the controller is configured to close the negative contactor (7) before closing the pre-charge contactor (8).
5. The power conversion system of claim 1, wherein the battery power conversion assembly further comprises:
and a safety device (10) provided on the charge/discharge circuit (A) and configured to limit the current of the charge/discharge circuit (A).
6. A power conversion system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the battery (4) is detachably arranged on the charging stand (3).
7. A power conversion system according to claim 1, characterized in that the charging cradle (3) is detachable with respect to the vehicle body, the charging mode of the power conversion car further comprising off-board charging in the power conversion station; wherein,
in the off-vehicle charging mode in the battery exchange station, the charging seat (3) is separated from the vehicle body, and the charging seat (3) and the battery (4) are mounted on the battery exchange base together, and are connected with the positive high-voltage plug-in unit (1) and the negative high-voltage plug-in unit (2) on the charging seat (3) through the charging equipment for charging.
8. A method of converting power based on the power conversion system of claim 1, wherein the battery power conversion assembly further comprises: the pre-charging branch circuit (B) is connected with the positive contactor (6) in parallel, the pre-charging branch circuit (B) is provided with a pre-charging contactor (8) and a resistor (9) in series, and the power conversion method comprises the following steps:
after entering a charging mode or a discharging mode, closing the negative contactor (7), and keeping the positive contactor (6) in a normally open state;
-closing the precharge contactor (8) to precharge the battery (4) to the capacitance in the load circuit (5);
after the pre-charging is completed, the positive contactor (6) is closed to switch on the charge-discharge circuit (A), and the pre-charging contactor (8) is opened.
9. A power conversion method according to claim 8, characterized in that before closing the negative contactor (7), it further comprises:
if the charging mode is the charging mode, locking the discharging mode; and/or
If the charging mode is the discharging mode, the charging mode is locked.
10. The power conversion method according to claim 8, further comprising, after entering the charging mode:
identifying a charging mode;
if the charging mode is a whole vehicle charging mode, the battery (4) is charged through connection of charging equipment and the positive high-voltage plug-in (1) and the negative high-voltage plug-in (2) of the charging seat (3);
if the charging mode is a charging mode of a battery changing seat in the battery changing station, the battery (4) is charged through connection of charging equipment in the battery changing station and a positive high-voltage plug-in unit (1) and a negative high-voltage plug-in unit (2) on the battery changing seat;
and if the charging mode is an off-vehicle charging mode in the power exchange station, charging is performed through connection of charging equipment in the power exchange station and the positive high-voltage plug-in unit (1) and the negative high-voltage plug-in unit (2) on the charging seat (3).
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