CN114273075A - Beneficiation method for extracting high-purity silicon micropowder from quartz tailings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a beneficiation method for extracting high-purity silica powder from quartz tail mud, and aims to solve the problems that the quartz tail mud is heavy in mud content, high in metal impurity content, high in whiteness of silica powder quality and high in beneficiation cost due to influence of organic matters. The specific method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the processes of quartz tail mud size mixing, separation tower desliming, ore grinding, control classification, superconducting magnetic separation, filtering, drying and the like. The extracted high-purity ultra-white silicon micro powder product contains 99.30-99.50 wt% of silicon dioxide, 0.0078-0.013 wt% of ferric oxide, 90-96% of natural whiteness and 95-98% of burning whiteness (keeping the temperature at 1200 ℃ for 30 minutes).

Description

Beneficiation method for extracting high-purity silicon micropowder from quartz tailings

Technical Field

The invention relates to a beneficiation method for extracting high-purity silicon micropowder from quartz tailings, belonging to the technical field of beneficiation.

Background

Quartz is a common non-metallic mineral resource, and quartz powder can be purified to obtain high-purity silicon micro powder, so that the quartz powder has very stable physical and chemical properties, can be widely applied to the fields of metallurgy, plates, coatings and other traditional industries, and has irreplaceable status and effect in high and new industries such as aerospace, solar energy, chips and the like.

The impurities such as aluminum, iron, mud (mainly clay) and the like in the siliceous resources and quartz tailings are high in content, cannot be effectively developed and utilized due to insufficient purity, can only be used in industries with low-end requirements, and has low economic value, even is abandoned due to no economic value, and causes excessive stacking to bring huge pollution and potential safety hazard to the surrounding environment.

The purification technology of the quartz tailings in China starts late and develops slowly, the purification technology of the high-purity quartz sand mainly adopts an acid washing process, and the purification technology of the silicon micro powder product generally adopts a magnetic separation-flotation-acid washing process. The process is complex, the production cost is high, the environment is polluted, and impurities such as yellow skin, black spots and the like in the silicon micro powder can not be effectively removed, so that the problem of industrial technology bottleneck is solved, the development of the deep processing industry of the quartz tailings is always restricted, and a large amount of valuable non-metallic minerals in the quartz tailings can not be effectively recycled and utilized in time.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a physical beneficiation method suitable for extracting high-purity silicon micropowder from quartz tail mud which has large mud content and high impurities such as iron, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, organic carbon and the like.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

the ore dressing method for extracting high-purity silicon micropowder from quartz tail mud comprises the following steps of screening coarse particles and impurities from the quartz tail mud through a vibrating screening machine, separately piling and separately processing materials larger than 0.12mm, feeding the materials smaller than 0.12mm in size fraction into a second-stage stirring barrel for size mixing, and pumping the materials to a separation tower through a slag slurry pump for three-time desliming after size mixing: the overflow of the first-stage separation tower is discharged into a sedimentation tank, the underflow is mixed by a mixing barrel and then enters a second-stage separation tower for secondary desliming, the overflow of the second-stage separation tower is discharged into the sedimentation tank, the underflow is mixed by the mixing barrel and then enters a third-stage separation tower for tertiary desliming, the underflow of the third-stage separation tower is pumped to a high-frequency vibration dewatering screen for dewatering, oversize products are stacked in a raw material finished product bin, the mixture of the undersize materials of the high-frequency vibration dewatering screen and the overflow of the previous third-stage separation tower is discharged into the sedimentation tank, and the overflow of the sedimentation tank can be reused as the return water in the mineral separation process;

feeding the deslimed quartz fine mud product onto a belt conveyor by a belt feeder, then feeding the quartz fine mud product onto an ore feeding trolley of a ball mill by the belt conveyor, feeding the ore feeding trolley into the ball mill, discharging the ore grinding product into a pump tank by the ball mill, feeding ore pulp into a hydraulic cyclone group by a slurry pump for classification, controlling the fineness of the classified overflow product to be 95-98 wt% when the fineness of the classified overflow product is controlled to be-0.043 mm, feeding the cyclone sand into a continuous ball mill for ore grinding treatment, and forming an ore grinding classification closed-loop circulation flow in the whole process. Feeding the overflow of the cyclone into a high-frequency vibration deslagging screen, and feeding the undersize product into magnetic separation operation through a slurry pump;

the magnetic separation operation equipment adopts a superconducting magnetic separator for separation, and the cyclone graded overflow product is conveyed to the magnetic separator through a slag slurry pump for primary magnetic separation operation to obtain primary magnetic separation concentrate and primary magnetic separation tailings; after size mixing, performing secondary magnetic separation operation on the magnetic separation concentrate to obtain secondary magnetic separation concentrate and secondary magnetic separation tailings; and (3) after the secondary magnetic separation concentrate is subjected to size mixing, performing tertiary magnetic separation operation, and finally obtaining a tertiary magnetic separation concentrate product (namely a low-iron high-purity silicon micro powder product) and a tertiary magnetic separation tailing product. Combining the first three magnetic separation tailing products into middling products (namely high-iron and high-silicon products);

and (3) carrying out secondary dehydration on the concentrate product subjected to the third magnetic separation by using a concentration tower and a disc type vacuum filter to obtain high-purity silicon micropowder concentrate with the water content of 10-15 wt%, and drying by using disc type continuous drying equipment to finally obtain the high-purity silicon micropowder product with the water content of about 1 wt%.

The Auckian institute of technology Limited (Zhongaosi-based Innovation team) organizes core researchers, takes the quartz tailings resources of Guangdong Jiangjiang, Jiangxi Jian and Hunan Huai and the like as research objects, conducts on-site research and sampling, fully knows the research results of the process mineralogy properties such as local quartz ore structure, mineral types and occurrence states, mineral co-occurrence relations and mosaic relations, particle size distribution conditions, migration distribution rules of valuable components and impurities in the beneficiation and enrichment process, monomer dissociation degrees and the like under different particle size conditions, conducts small tests and pilot plant quartz tailings deep purification technologies such as desliming, potassium-sodium-calcium-aluminum-iron impurity component separation, organic carbon removal, iron removal, ore grinding fineness, fine mud sedimentation separation and the like, forms pre-slurry mixing, desliming, ore grinding, grading, regrinding and magnetic separation to process quartz tailings, and has been successful. At present, the invention is tested by a 500 kg material extended continuity test, and the stability, continuity and reliability of the beneficiation process are verified. The present invention is mainly aimed at the treatment process of fine tail mud produced in the course of producing glass sand, fine mud produced in the course of processing marble, potash-sodium contained feldspar and kaolin, etc. The invention has the advantages that each process is conventional and is easy to realize in industrial production, the high-purity silicon micropowder is deeply purified by adopting the processes of pre-size mixing, desliming, ore grinding, grading, regrinding and magnetic separation, compared with the traditional process, the production cost is reduced, the production flow is simplified, the production process has no chemical pollution, and the environment is friendly. The invention solves the problems of large mud content, complex impurity components, influence of organic carbon on the quality and whiteness of the silica micropowder product and the like in the quartz tail mud, has simple production process compared with the traditional flow, low production cost, no secondary pollution and easy realization in production.

The invention has the following characteristics and advantages:

1. fine mud separation process: in view of the fact that the tail mud of the type is fine in particle size and large in mud content, the process adopts a combined desliming and tail-discarding process of pre-multistage slurry treatment, coarse and fine returning, a separation tower and a cyclone;

2. the configuration of the dewatering equipment: the deslimed product is dehydrated by adopting a high-frequency vibrating screen, the disc type vacuum filter is used for dehydrating high-purity silicon micro powder and iron slag, the overflow fine particles are dehydrated by the automatic diaphragm plate-and-frame filter press, the energy consumption of equipment process configuration is low, and the dehydration effect is obvious;

3. grinding-grading closed cycle process: the problems of excessive crushing of useful minerals and poor monomer dissociation degree are solved, organic carbon is effectively removed, the quality and whiteness of the silicon micro powder are improved, the whiteness of the product reaches 95.1, and the grade reaches 99.49 wt%;

4. the multistage superconducting magnetic separation process comprises the following steps: by adopting a three-stage series magnetic separation process, the iron content in the silicon micro powder is effectively reduced, the product purity is effectively improved, and the iron content in the high-purity silicon micro powder is reduced from 0.030wt% to 0.0078 wt%;

5. through the organic combination of the procedures in the process, the quartz tail mud containing high mud content and multiple impurities such as potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, titanium, iron and the like is subjected to deep purification, and then SiO is obtained₂：99.49wt%、K₂O、Na₂O、MgO、TiO₂All less than 0.010wt%, Fe₂O₃Is 0.0078 wt%.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a table showing the results of raw ore testing of quartz tailings samples from Yilong mineral products of Zhanjiang province, Guangdong province;

fig. 3 is a table showing the test results of the mineral processing process indexes obtained by the present invention on the raw ore of the quartz tailings sample of the yilong mineral company in the Zhanjiang province, Guangdong province.

Detailed Description

Taking the example of the high-purity silica powder purified from the quartz tail mud of Yilong mineral company in Zhanjiang province in Guangdong province, the test result of the raw ore of the sample is shown in FIG. 2:

the mineral identification conclusion of the sample is as follows:

(1) the main component is SiO₂The main impurity element is Al₂O₃、K₂O、Na₂O、CaO、MgO、TiO₂And Fe₂O₃Etc., the main impurity components are mica, etc.;

(2) the product size fraction is finer: 50wt% of-0.12 to +0.043mm, 33wt% of-0.043 to +0.020 mm, and 17wt% of-0.020 mm.

The quartz tail mud sample adopts the following process flow, and the obtained mineral processing process indexes are shown in figure 3:

the process flow is as follows:

1. feeding: the raw materials are fed into a stirring barrel with the diameter of phi 1 m through a feeding machine for pulp mixing, and the concentration is controlled to be 25-30 wt%. The ore pulp is pumped into another stirring barrel with the diameter phi of 1 meter by a diaphragm pump to be stirred, and then is sent into a separation tower by a vertical sand pump to be deslimed;

2. and (3) mud and sand separation: under the action of a certain pressure, the ore pulp is subjected to silt separation through a special separation device (a separation tower with the diameter of phi 1 m), the overflow of the separation tower is a tail mud product, the bottom flow of the separation tower is a desliming product, the desliming product is subjected to size mixing, the concentration is 25-30 wt%, and desliming is performed through the separation tower for 2 times to obtain a final separation rough concentrate product;

3. and (3) dehydrating the rough concentrate: dehydrating the sorted rough concentrate by adopting a high-frequency vibrating fine screen to obtain a dewatered rough concentrate product with the water content of 10-15 wt%;

4. grinding and grading circulation: feeding the dehydrated materials into a continuous ball mill with the diameter of 1200 multiplied by 1420mm in batches for grinding, controlling and grading the ground ore products by a hydrocyclone with the diameter of 200mm, controlling the grading overflow product size range to be-0.074 mm and accounting for 95-98 wt%, and returning the graded settled sand to the ball mill for regrinding;

5. multi-stage magnetic separation: carrying out three-time series magnetic separation on overflow of a cyclone by adopting a model ACWHSL-500GG superconducting magnetic separator to obtain a magnetic separation concentrate product (low-iron high-purity silica micropowder 1) and a magnetic separation tailing product (high-iron high-purity silica micropowder 2);

6. filtering: dehydrating the magnetic separation concentrate product by using a disc type vacuum dehydrator to obtain a high-purity silicon micropowder concentrate product with the water content of 10-15 wt%; merging the magnetic separation tailings into middling products, and dehydrating by using a vacuum disc filter to obtain high-iron and high-silicon products with the water content of 10-15 wt%; discharging the filtrate into a sedimentation tank, adding a flocculating agent for clarification, and using the supernatant as mineral separation backwater;

7. drying: and drying the high-purity silicon micropowder concentrate by using a disc type continuous dryer to obtain a high-purity silicon micropowder product with the water content of less than 1 wt%.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. The beneficiation method for extracting the high-purity silicon micropowder from the quartz tailing mud is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

(1) the tail mud (-0.120 mm) produced in the mineral processing process is not only limited to the beneficiation method for extracting high-purity silica micropowder from quartz tail mud produced in the glass sand production process, but also is suitable for the beneficiation method for purifying non-metallic mineral products such as potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum and the like from tail mud produced in the processing production process of non-metallic minerals such as marble, feldspar, carbonate, kaolin, mica and the like;

(2) washing and desliming the quartz tail mud to remove a large amount of slime and clay;

(3) collecting the water washing slime and clay by using a concentration tank, returning supernatant to the ore dressing process for use as backwater, and piling a tailing bin after filtering underflow;

(4) grinding the deslimed product, and controlling the fineness of the ground product through grading;

(5) carrying out magnetic separation on the classified product to obtain a magnetic concentrate product; filtering to obtain high-purity silicon micropowder concentrate with the moisture content of 10-15 wt%;

(6) drying the high-purity silicon micropowder concentrate to prepare a high-purity silicon micropowder product, wherein the moisture content of the high-purity silicon micropowder product is less than 1 wt%.

2. A beneficiation method for extracting high purity fine silica powder from quartz tailings according to claim 1, wherein the non-metal mineral product in the step (1) mainly comprises: kaolin clay concentrate, alumina concentrate, potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar concentrate, mica concentrate and the like.

3. The beneficiation method for extracting high-purity silica micropowder from quartz tailings according to claim 1, wherein the main equipment adopted in the water washing desliming process of the step (2) is a separation tower and a hydrocyclone.

4. The beneficiation method for extracting high-purity silica micropowder from quartz tailings according to claim 1, wherein the filtering equipment in the step (3) adopts an automatic membrane plate and frame filter press.

5. The beneficiation method for extracting high-purity silicon micropowder from quartz tailings according to claim 1, wherein the ore grinding process in the step (4) adopts a closed circuit ore grinding-grading process, the ore grinding concentration is controlled to be 75wt% -80 wt% (mass percent), the ore grinding equipment adopts a continuous ball mill, a lining plate adopts a high aluminum alloy material, the aluminum content is 92wt% -95 wt%, an ore grinding medium adopts a high aluminum alloy material, and the aluminum content is 92wt% -95 wt%; the classification equipment adopts a hydrocyclone, and the fineness of the classified product is controlled to be 95-98 wt% in a-0.043 mm size fraction.

6. The beneficiation method for extracting high-purity silica powder from quartz tailings according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic separation process in the step (5) adopts a three-time concentration process, magnetic separation concentrate is filtered to obtain a high-purity silica powder product, magnetic separation tailings are filtered to obtain a high-iron high-silicon product, and three sections of magnetic concentration equipment adopt a superconducting magnetic separator.

7. The beneficiation method for extracting high-purity silica micropowder from quartz tailings according to claim 1, wherein the drying equipment in the step (6) adopts a disc type continuous dryer.

8. The beneficiation method for extracting high-purity silica micropowder from quartz tailings as claimed in claim 6, wherein the magnetic separation tailings and magnetic separation concentrate product filtration equipment employs a disc vacuum dehydrator.

9. The beneficiation method for extracting high-purity silica powder from quartz tailings according to claims 1 to 8, wherein the high-purity silica powder product comprises 99.30wt% to 99.50wt% of silica, 0.0078wt% to 0.013wt% of ferric oxide, 90 to 96% of natural whiteness, and 95 to 98% of burning whiteness (keeping the temperature at 1200 ℃ for 30 minutes).

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