CN114272445B - Hemostatic anti-adhesion material for use in vitro and in vivo and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Hemostatic anti-adhesion material for use in vitro and in vivo and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114272445B
CN114272445B CN202111481560.XA CN202111481560A CN114272445B CN 114272445 B CN114272445 B CN 114272445B CN 202111481560 A CN202111481560 A CN 202111481560A CN 114272445 B CN114272445 B CN 114272445B
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hemostatic
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carboxymethyl cellulose
ocmc
sodium carboxymethyl
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CN114272445A (en
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吴焕岭
郭岭岭
何雪梅
汪阳
王乃涛
谢周良
郭庆
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Yancheng Institute of Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a hemostatic anti-adhesion material used in vitro and in vivo and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: performing enzymatic degradation treatment on sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) under the condition of cellulase, centrifuging, dialyzing, concentrating, then placing in an oxidant system to oxidize to generate OCMC-Na, washing, centrifuging, dialyzing, and performing crosslinking modification with Chitosan (CS) through amide crosslinking reaction to obtain the hemostatic anti-adhesion material OCMC-CS. The hemostatic anti-adhesion material prepared by the method has the advantages of low crystallinity, good instant solubility, gelation property, hemostatic property and the like.

Description

Hemostatic anti-adhesion material for use in vitro and in vivo and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tissue repair materials and preparation thereof, and particularly relates to a hemostatic anti-adhesion material used in vitro and in vivo and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The hemostatic and anti-adhesion medical material widely used in clinic at present, called Surgicel, is an oxidized regenerated cellulose material, which is water-soluble cellulose capable of being absorbed in vivo, and the hemostatic and anti-adhesion principle is that when the hemostatic and anti-adhesion medical material is dissolved in water, a hydrocolloid with certain viscosity is formed, so that the hemostatic and anti-adhesion medical material is expanded to fill gaps of wound surfaces or press blood vessels to achieve the purposes of hemostasis and anti-adhesion. In the traditional preparation process, on one hand, natural cellulose (cotton, hemp, bamboo, trees, shrubs and the like) is used as a raw material, and the raw material contains a large amount of impurities with more varieties, so that the problems of complex treatment process, low product purity and the like are solved; on the other hand, most of the regenerated cellulose adopted by the traditional process is oxidized in a fabric solid state form, and the crystal dissociation in the regeneration process is incomplete, and the oxidation in the oxidation process is insufficient, so that the prepared oxidized regenerated cellulose has uneven properties and unstable degradation performance; furthermore, the material has single property, and the functionalization of the material through modification treatment is also one of the important research contents of the biomedical materials at present. Therefore, a method for thoroughly dissociating crystals and fully and uniformly oxidizing in the preparation process of oxidized regenerated cellulose ORC needs to be researched and functionalized. The biological enzyme treatment has the advantages of energy conservation, high efficiency and environmental protection, has obvious advantages by replacing the traditional complex cellulose regeneration process, and can greatly reduce the use amount of chemicals. The chitosan is an excellent marine derivative material, has very excellent hydrophilicity, biocompatibility and in-vivo degradation absorbability, and can improve the hemostasis anti-adhesion performance of the existing material by performing functional modification on the hemostasis anti-adhesion material by using the chitosan.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a hemostatic anti-adhesion material used in vitro and in vivo and a preparation method thereof, so as to overcome the defects of uneven oxidized regenerated cellulose and unstable degradation performance caused by incomplete crystal dissociation and insufficient oxidation in the oxidation process in the preparation process of oxidized regenerated cellulose in the prior art.
The invention provides a hemostatic anti-adhesion material used in vitro and in vivo, which is prepared by performing enzymatic degradation treatment on sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) under the condition of cellulase, centrifuging, dialyzing, concentrating, then placing in an oxidant system for oxidation, washing, centrifuging, dialyzing, and performing cross-linking modification with chitosan through amide cross-linking reaction.
The weight average molecular weight Mw of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 250000-700000.
The cellulase is a complex enzyme system, and the activity is 10000-20000 u/g.
The cellulase mainly comprises a multi-component enzyme system such as exo-beta-glucanase, endo-beta-glucanase, beta-glucosidase xylanase and the like.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the hemostatic anti-adhesion material used in vitro and in vivo, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Dispersing sodium carboxymethylcellulose CMC-Na into water to form slurry, adding cellulase, performing enzymatic degradation treatment, centrifuging, dialyzing, and concentrating to obtain sodium carboxymethylcellulose CMC-Na solution with reduced crystallinity and polymerization degree;
(2) Placing the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution with reduced crystallinity and polymerization degree in the step (1) into an oxidation system for selective oxidation, oxidizing C6 primary hydroxyl in a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose polymerization unit into carboxyl, washing, centrifuging, dialyzing, and concentrating to obtain an oxidized sodium carboxymethyl cellulose material OCMC-Na solution;
(3) And (3) adding an activating reagent and a cross-linking agent into the chitosan aqueous solution, stirring, adding the OCMC-Na solution obtained in the step (2), continuously stirring for reaction, centrifuging, dialyzing, and freeze-drying to obtain OCMC-CS, namely the hemostatic anti-adhesion material.
In the step (1), the temperature of the enzyme degradation treatment is 40-55 ℃, the time of the enzyme degradation treatment is 24-36h, and the pH value is 4.5-6.5.
In the step (1), the ratio of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose CMC-Na to the cellulase is 1kg:5 to 10mL.
The weight average molecular weight Mw of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose CMC-Na subjected to enzymatic degradation in the step (1) is 50000-200000.
The concentration of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose CMC-Na solution with reduced crystallinity and polymerization degree in the step (1) is 1.2-1.3 g/mL.
The centrifugation in the step (1) is as follows: adding distilled water into the mixed solution, and performing centrifugal separation to obtain a precipitate.
The dialysis in the steps (1) to (2) is as follows: the precipitate was dialyzed to neutrality.
The MWCO adopted in dialysis in the steps (1) - (3) is 3500Da, and the dialysis days are 2-3 days.
The oxidation system in the step (2) is a dinitrogen tetroxide/carbon tetrachloride system, the dinitrogen tetroxide concentration in the oxidation system is 2-4 mol/L, the nitrogen dioxide concentration generated by reversible decomposition reaction is 1-3 mol/L, and the mass ratio of the oxidation system to the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose CMC-Na is 10-20: 1. the dinitrogen tetroxide is reversibly decomposed in the oxidation process to generate nitrogen dioxide, which is an actual oxidant substance for generating oxidation.
The selective oxidation temperature in the step (2) is 30-45 ℃, the selective oxidation time is 40-48 h, and the selective oxidation is carried out in a closed reactor.
The concentration of the OCMC-Na solution in the step (2) is 1.2-1.3 g/mL.
The washing in the step (2) is water washing.
The activating reagent in the step (3) is 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC); the crosslinker was N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS).
The chitosan M in the step (3) W 30000-40000, the dissolving method is distilled water dissolving, the concentration of the chitosan water solution is 2-5 w/v%.
The proportion of the chitosan aqueous solution, the activating reagent, the cross-linking agent and the OCMC-Na solution in the step (3) is 100mL: 1-1.5 g: 0.75-1.0 g:5 to 10mL.
The stirring time in the step (3) is 20-40 min.
The continuous stirring reaction in the step (3) comprises the following steps: adjusting the pH value of the reaction system to 6.5-7.5, and then reacting for 12-16 h at room temperature.
The diameter of the blood stopping and anti-adhesion material particle in the step (3) is less than or equal to 1 micron.
The step (3) comprises the following steps: freeze-drying in a freeze-drying machine at-60 deg.C for 48h. The invention also provides application of the hemostatic anti-adhesion material in preparation of in vitro and in vivo hemostatic anti-adhesion materials.
The function of the cellulose degradation of the invention is to reduce the crystallinity and polymerization degree of cellulose, reduce the molecular weight of the cellulose, shorten molecular chains and combine molecular chain spacesCapable of structurally exposing more C6 primary hydroxy-CH groups not converted to carboxyl groups 2 -OH, providing conditions for subsequent further carboxylation.
The invention takes sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) as a raw material, uses cellulase to further carry out enzymatic degradation reaction to the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose so as to greatly reduce the crystallinity and the polymerization degree of cellulose, and then uses selective oxidant nitrogen dioxide to oxidize C6 primary hydroxyl in a cellulose polymerization unit so as to further convert the hydroxyl into carboxyl.
The invention adopts the pure-quality cellulose intermediate product to replace natural cellulose with higher impurity content in the nature, and the process of impurity removal is omitted in the subsequent treatment process. And an improved enzyme treatment process is adopted to replace the traditional and complicated cellulose regeneration process, so that the crystallinity and the polymerization degree are reduced by about 70-80 percent, the oxidation degree is more sufficient and uniform, the carboxyl conversion rate is improved, and the cellulose regeneration process has higher water solubility and degradability. The chitosan is adopted to carry out functional modification on the CMC-Na, so that the hemostasis anti-adhesion performance of the existing material can be improved, and the material can be used as a hemostasis anti-adhesion material in vitro and in vivo.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the existing product (control group), the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
(1) degree of crystallinity: the crystallinity of the original sodium carboxymethylcellulose is reduced from 8 to 12 percent to 1 to 2 percent of the original sodium carboxymethylcellulose, which is beneficial to in vivo degradation, absorption and metabolism.
(2) Quick solubility: the hemostatic material is placed in water to form a solution with the mass concentration of 1%, the solution is dissolved in the water and is converted into a clear gel solution seen by naked eyes after being stirred for 2-3 min, and the dissolution process of the control group is observed by naked eyes for more than 60min.
(3) The 5 second water absorption was much higher than the control: the water absorption rate of 5 seconds is 5 to 7 times higher than the self weight of the material, and the water absorption rate of a control group is 3 times of the self weight.
(4) The gelation performance is better than that of a control group: PBS with pH 7.4 is used as simulated body fluid, and the gel is rapidly formed after contacting with 2mL PBS aqueous solution for 15-20 s, while the contrast group needs more than 30s.
(5) The degradability was tested by glucuronic acid assay with a degradation time of 2-5 days in PBS at pH 7.4, whereas the control was greater than 20 days, far less than the control.
(6) The hemostatic effect is better than that of the control group: the hemostatic time for female and male rats was 60-80 s, whereas the control group required more than 90s.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a powder photograph of the hemostatic adhesion-preventing material used in vitro and in vivo of example 1 of the present invention after freeze-drying and grinding.
Fig. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the hemostatic adhesion-preventing material used in vitro and in vivo in example 1 of the present invention, wherein 1 refers to particles of the hemostatic material.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the conversion of the group-R in the chemical structural formula before and after the oxidation of CMC-Na in the present invention, wherein 1 is the C6 primary hydroxyl group in sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and 2 is the C6 primary hydroxyl group-CH in sodium carboxymethylcellulose 2 Further oxidation of-OH converts it to a carboxyl group-COOH.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the transformation of group-R in the chemical structural formula of the present invention in which oxidized OCMC-Na is further modified by chitosan, wherein 1 is OCMC-Na,2 is chitosan CS, and 3 is amino-NH on chitosan 2 Generates amido bond-CO-NH-after cross-linking reaction with carboxyl-COOH on OCMC-Na, and successfully cross-links OCMC-Na and CS to generate the product OCMC-CS.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Example 1
(1) Sodium carboxymethylcellulose CMC-Na was dispersed in water to form a slurry in a ratio of 1kg: adding 5mL of cellulase for enzyme degradation treatment (the enzyme degradation treatment temperature is 55 ℃, the enzyme degradation treatment time is 24h, the pH value is 6.5), centrifuging, adding water for dialysis (the cut-off molecular weight MWCO is 3500 Da), and concentrating to obtain sodium carboxymethylcellulose CMC-Na with reduced crystallinity and polymerization degree, wherein the concentration is 1.2g/mL; the weight average molecular weight Mw of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose CMC-Na before and after enzyme degradation is reduced from 250000-700000 to 50000-100000.
(2) Placing the sodium carboxymethylcellulose with the reduced crystallinity and polymerization degree in the step (1) into a dinitrogen tetroxide/carbon tetrachloride oxidation system for selective oxidation, wherein the dinitrogen tetroxide concentration in the oxidation system is 2mol/L, the nitrogen dioxide concentration generated by reversible decomposition reaction is 1.2mol/L, and the mass ratio of the oxidation system to the sodium carboxymethylcellulose CMC-Na is 20:1, the oxidation temperature is 30 ℃, the selective oxidation time is 40h, and the selective oxidation is carried out in a closed reactor. C6 primary hydroxyl in the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose polymerization unit is oxidized into carboxyl, washed by deionized water, centrifuged, dialyzed by the deionized water (MWCO: 3500 Da) until the pH is neutral, and concentrated to obtain a further oxidized sodium carboxymethyl cellulose material OCMC-Na with the concentration of 1.25g/mL.
(3) Selecting chitosan M W 30000-40000, preparing 100mL of 2w/v% Chitosan (CS) aqueous solution, weighing 1.0g of activating reagent EDC and 0.75g of cross-linking agent NHS, adding into the chitosan solution in sequence, stirring vigorously for 30min, adding 5mL of OCMC-Na obtained in step (2) into the system, adjusting pH to near neutrality, and stirring at room temperature for 12h to obtain OCMC-CS. The product is centrifuged and dialyzed in deionized water for 2 days (MWCO: 3500 Da), and is frozen and dried to obtain the hemostatic anti-adhesion material. And (3) placing the mixture in a freeze drier for freeze drying for 48 hours at minus 60 ℃ to obtain the hemostatic anti-adhesion material with the particle diameter less than or equal to 1 micron.
Compared with the existing oxidized regenerated cellulose products on the market, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects: (1) degree of crystallinity: the crystallinity of the original sodium carboxymethylcellulose is reduced from 10 percent to 1.2 percent of the original sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is beneficial to degradation, absorption and metabolism in vivo. (2) Quick solubility: the hemostatic material is placed in water to form a solution with the mass concentration of 1%, the solution is dissolved in the water and is converted into a clear gel solution seen by naked eyes after being stirred for 2min, and the dissolution process of the control group is observed by naked eyes for more than 60min. (3) The water absorption rate at 5 seconds is far higher than that of the control group: the water absorption rate in 5 seconds is 5 times higher than the self weight of the material, and the water absorption rate of a control group is 3 times of the self weight. (4) The gelation performance is better than that of a control group: PBS with pH 7.4 was used as a simulated body fluid, which rapidly gelled after 15 seconds after contacting with 2mL of PBS aqueous solution, whereas the control group required more than 30 seconds. (5) The degradability was tested by glucuronic acid assay with a degradation time of 3 days in PBS at pH 7.4, whereas the control was greater than 20 days, much lower than the control. (6) The hemostatic effect is better than that of the control group: the hemostasis time for female and male rats was 65s, whereas the control group required more than 90s.
Example 2
(1) Sodium carboxymethylcellulose CMC-Na was dispersed in water to form a slurry in a ratio of 1kg: adding 10mL of cellulase for enzyme degradation treatment (the enzyme degradation treatment temperature is 55 ℃, the enzyme degradation treatment time is 36h, the pH value is 4.5), centrifuging, adding water for dialysis (the cut-off molecular weight MWCO is 3500 Da), and concentrating to obtain sodium carboxymethylcellulose CMC-Na with reduced crystallinity and polymerization degree, wherein the concentration is 1.3g/mL; the weight average molecular weight Mw of the CMC-Na of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose before and after the enzyme degradation is reduced from 250000-700000 to 50000-200000.
(2) Placing the sodium carboxymethylcellulose with the reduced crystallinity and polymerization degree in the step (1) into a dinitrogen tetroxide/carbon tetrachloride oxidation system for selective oxidation, wherein the concentration of the dinitrogen tetroxide in the oxidation system is 4mol/L, the concentration of nitrogen dioxide generated by reversible decomposition reaction is 2.7mol/L, and the mass ratio of the oxidation system to the sodium carboxymethylcellulose CMC-Na is 10:1, the oxidation temperature is 45 ℃, the selective oxidation time is 48 hours, and the selective oxidation is carried out in a closed reactor. C6 primary hydroxyl in the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose polymerization unit is oxidized into carboxyl, washed by deionized water, centrifuged, dialyzed by the deionized water (MWCO: 3500 Da) until the pH value is neutral, and concentrated to obtain a further oxidized sodium carboxymethyl cellulose material OCMC-Na with the concentration of 1.3g/mL.
(3) Selecting chitosan M W 30000-40000 mL of Chitosan (CS) aqueous solution with concentration of 5w/v% is prepared, 1.5g of activating reagent EDC and 1.0g of cross-linking agent NHS are weighed, and added into the chitosan solution in sequence, and after vigorously stirring for 30min, the mixture is10mL of OCMC-Na obtained in step (2) is added, the pH is adjusted to be nearly neutral, and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 16h to obtain OCMC-CS. The product is centrifuged and dialyzed in deionized water for 3 days (MWCO: 3500 Da), and is frozen and dried to obtain the hemostatic anti-adhesion material. And (3) placing the mixture in a freeze drier for freeze drying for 48 hours at minus 60 ℃ to obtain the hemostatic anti-adhesion material with the particle diameter less than or equal to 1 micron.
Compared with the existing oxidized regenerated cellulose products on the market, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects: (1) degree of crystallinity: the crystallinity of the original sodium carboxymethylcellulose is reduced from 12 percent to 1.8 percent of the original sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is beneficial to degradation, absorption and metabolism in vivo. (2) Quick solubility: the hemostatic material is placed in water to form a solution with the mass concentration of 1%, the solution is dissolved in the water and is converted into a clear gel solution seen by naked eyes after being stirred for 3min, and the dissolution process of the control group is observed by naked eyes for more than 60min. (3) The 5 second water absorption was much higher than the control: the water absorption rate in 5 seconds is 7 times higher than the self weight of the material, and the water absorption rate of a control group is 3 times of the self weight. (4) The gelation performance is better than that of a control group: PBS at pH 7.4 was used as a simulated body fluid, which gels rapidly after 20 seconds contact with 2mL of PBS aqueous solution, whereas the control group required more than 30 seconds. (5) The degradability was tested by glucuronic acid assay with a 4 day degradation time in PBS pH 7.4 compared to a control of greater than 20 days, much lower than the control. (6) The hemostatic effect is better than that of the control group: the hemostasis time for female and male rats was 75s, whereas the control group required more than 90s.

Claims (10)

1. A hemostatic and anti-adhesion material used in vitro and in vivo is characterized in that sodium carboxymethylcellulose is subjected to enzymatic degradation treatment under the condition of cellulase, centrifuged, dialyzed and concentrated, then is put into an oxidant system for oxidation, washed, centrifuged and dialyzed, and is subjected to cross-linking modification with chitosan through an amide cross-linking reaction to obtain the hemostatic and anti-adhesion material.
2. The hemostatic anti-adhesion material according to claim 1, wherein the weight average molecular weight Mw of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 250000 to 700000; the cellulase is a complex enzyme system with the activity of 10000-20000 u/g.
3. A preparation method of a hemostatic anti-adhesion material used in vitro and in vivo comprises the following steps:
(1) Dispersing sodium carboxymethylcellulose CMC-Na into water to form slurry, adding cellulase, performing enzymatic degradation treatment, centrifuging, dialyzing, and concentrating to obtain sodium carboxymethylcellulose CMC-Na solution with reduced crystallinity and polymerization degree;
(2) Placing the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution with reduced crystallinity and polymerization degree in the step (1) into an oxidation system for selective oxidation, oxidizing C6 primary hydroxyl in a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose polymerization unit into carboxyl, washing, centrifuging, dialyzing, and concentrating to obtain an oxidized sodium carboxymethyl cellulose material OCMC-Na solution;
(3) And (3) adding an activating reagent and a cross-linking agent into the chitosan aqueous solution, stirring, adding the OCMC-Na solution obtained in the step (2), continuously stirring for reaction, centrifuging, dialyzing, and freeze-drying to obtain OCMC-CS, namely the hemostatic anti-adhesion material.
4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the enzymatic degradation treatment in the step (1) is 40 to 55 ℃, the time of the enzymatic degradation treatment is 24 to 36h, and the pH value is 4.5 to 6.5; the weight average molecular weight Mw of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose CMC-Na subjected to the enzymatic degradation is 50000-200000.
5. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the ratio of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose CMC-Na and the cellulase in the step (1) is 1kg: 5-10 mL; the concentration of the CMC-Na solution of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with reduced crystallinity and polymerization degree is 1.2 to 1.3g/mL.
6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the oxidation system in the step (2) is a dinitrogen tetroxide/carbon tetrachloride system, the dinitrogen tetroxide concentration in the oxidation system is 2 to 4mol/L, and the nitrogen dioxide generated by the reversible decomposition reaction has a concentration of 1 to 3mol/L; the mass ratio of the oxidation system to the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose CMC-Na is 10-20: 1.
7. the preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the selective oxidation temperature in the step (2) is 30-45 ℃, the selective oxidation time is 40-48 h, and the selective oxidation is carried out in a closed reactor; the concentration of the OCMC-Na solution is 1.2-1.3 g/mL.
8. The production method according to claim 3, wherein the activating reagent in the step (3) is 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride EDC; the cross-linking agent is N-hydroxysuccinimide NHS; the concentration of the chitosan aqueous solution is 2-5 w/v%; the proportion of the chitosan aqueous solution, the activating reagent, the cross-linking agent and the OCMC-Na solution is 100mL: 1-1.5 g: 0.75-1.0 g: 5-10 mL.
9. The method according to claim 3, wherein the stirring time in the step (3) is 20 to 40min; the reaction is continued to be stirred: adjusting the pH value of the reaction system to 6.5-7.5, and then reacting for 12-16 h at room temperature; the diameter of the particles of the hemostatic anti-adhesion material is less than or equal to 1 micron.
10. Use of the hemostatic adhesion-preventing material of claim 1 in the preparation of hemostatic adhesion-preventing materials in vitro and in vivo.
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CN106178088A (en) * 2016-08-16 2016-12-07 江苏海泽医疗科技发展有限公司 A kind of preparation method of styptic powder
CN106880867A (en) * 2017-02-08 2017-06-23 吴欣 A kind of bleeding stopping and adherence preventing film and preparation method thereof
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