CN114268883A - Method and system for selecting microphone placement position - Google Patents
Method and system for selecting microphone placement position Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a method and a system for selecting a microphone placement position, wherein a multi-factor collection room space model is established by collecting physical characteristics and wall material characteristics of a multi-factor collection room. And adding a sound source and a sound interference source for the space model according to the positions of the seats and the loudspeakers of the collected people. And arranging a microphone array according to the positions of the sound source and the sound interference source, and exciting the microphone array by using a sound signal emitted by the sound source to obtain an output signal of the microphone array. The transfer function of the microphone array is evaluated using the output signal and the sound signal. And solving the unevenness and the average amplitude of the output signals of the microphone array according to the transfer function, and comparing the unevenness and the average amplitude with the comparison microphone array to determine the optimal microphone array arrangement mode.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of sound collection technologies, and in particular, to a method and a system for selecting a microphone placement position.
Background
The multi-factor acquisition room is a closed space used for acquiring various information of the acquired personnel, and a loudspeaker and a microphone are arranged in the multi-factor acquisition room and used as communication equipment between the acquired personnel and the acquired personnel. The voice information generated by the communication equipment needs to be backed up, the voice information of the collected personnel is particularly critical, and the setting position of the microphone directly affects the voice quality of the collected personnel, so that the optimal setting position of the microphone needs to be found.
The seat of the person to be collected in the multi-factor collection room is arranged at the center of the room, and the loudspeaker is arranged near the interrogation window. The microphone is set up on the thing board of being gathered people's seat, but this kind of mode of placing can form electromagnetic interference to the microphone when the speaker makes sound, influences the radio reception effect of microphone, is unfavorable for the personnel's that are gathered speech information collection. The loudspeaker as a powered device can also form electromagnetic interference to the sound receiving effect of the microphone.
In order to reduce the interference of the loudspeaker to the sound receiving effect of the microphone, the directional loudspeaker is used as equipment for playing and collecting the sound of a person, so that sound wave scattering is reduced, and meanwhile, the microphone is arranged on the opposite side of the sound wave transmission direction of the directional loudspeaker. The microphone and the loudspeaker are arranged in a mode that the sound receiving effect of the loudspeaker on the microphone is reduced, but the microphone arrangement mode needs to be improved in order to better collect the voice information of a collected person.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method and a system for selecting a microphone arrangement position, which aim to solve the problem that voice information of a person to be collected is difficult to collect due to the fact that a microphone is not arranged properly.
The application provides a method and a system for selecting a microphone placement position, which comprises the following steps:
and collecting the characteristic information of the multi-factor collecting chamber, and establishing a space model of the multi-factor collecting chamber according to the characteristic information.
The characteristic information comprises physical characteristics of the multi-factor acquisition chamber, the physical characteristics comprise the length, the width and the height of the multi-factor acquisition chamber, and a space model of the multi-factor acquisition chamber can be established according to the length, the width and the height of the multi-factor acquisition chamber. The characteristic information also comprises wall material information of the multi-factor acquisition room, reflects the sound absorption characteristic of the multi-factor acquisition room, and adds the sound absorption characteristic to the control model.
The wall of the multi-factor collecting chamber is made of a material with a good sound insulation effect, and the sound reflection formed by the fact that the multi-factor collecting chamber is a closed space can be reduced by adopting the material with the good sound insulation effect, so that the sound collection of the microphone is facilitated. Thereby being beneficial to the voice information collection of the collected personnel. The sound absorption characteristic is added to the space model to improve the matching degree of the space model and the multi-factor acquisition chamber, and the higher the reduction degree of the space model to the multi-factor acquisition chamber is, the more accurate the subsequent calculation result is.
And setting a sound source, a loudspeaker, a microphone array and a comparison microphone array in the spatial model according to the characteristic information.
The characteristic information further includes characteristics of sound waves emitted by the sound source, characteristics of sound waves emitted by the loudspeaker, sound reception characteristics of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array. And confirming the primary setting positions of the sound source, the loudspeaker, the microphone array and the comparison microphone array by taking the various characteristics as the basis.
Exciting the microphone array and the comparison microphone array with a sound signal emitted by a sound source, calculating transfer functions of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array.
The sound signal that the sound source sent is equivalent to the personnel of being gathered and sends out the sound, microphone array and comparison microphone array all can respond to the sound signal that the sound source sent, utilize response and sound signal can obtain the description microphone array and the comparison microphone array to the responsiveness of sound signal.
And calculating the distribution evaluation factor of the microphone array according to the transfer function of the microphone array and the transfer function of the comparison microphone array to obtain the value of the distribution evaluation factor.
The placement evaluation factors include unevenness, which reflects the degree of stationarity of the output signal, and an average amplitude difference. The average amplitude difference reflects the degree of attenuation of the output signal.
And comparing the arrangement evaluation factors of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array to obtain an optimal microphone array arrangement mode.
The smaller the unevenness, the better the stability of the output signal. The larger the average amplitude difference is, the difference between the output signal amplitudes of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array can be compared, and the microphone array with the larger output amplitude can be obtained, so that the microphone array with the small attenuation degree of the output signal can be determined. And comprehensively evaluating the unevenness and the average amplitude difference to obtain an optimal microphone array arrangement mode.
And setting the position of the microphone array according to the optimal microphone array mode.
After the optimal microphone array arrangement mode is obtained, all sound elements in the multi-factor acquisition room can be arranged according to the sound source, the loudspeaker and the optimal microphone array arrangement mode in the space model.
The first step of calculating the optimal setting mode of the microphone array is to establish a space model of the multi-factor acquisition chamber, restore the multi-factor acquisition chamber through the space model, and further describe the space model by adding characteristic information related to the multi-factor acquisition chamber to the space model.
Optionally, the step of acquiring characteristic information of the multi-factor acquisition chamber and establishing a spatial model of the multi-factor acquisition chamber according to the characteristic information includes:
and acquiring physical characteristics of the multi-factor acquisition chamber, wherein the physical characteristics comprise the length, the width and the height of the multi-factor acquisition chamber, and establishing a space model of the multi-factor acquisition chamber according to the length, the width and the height of the multi-factor acquisition chamber.
And collecting wall material information of the multi-factor collecting chamber to obtain the sound absorption characteristics of the multi-factor collecting chamber, and adding the sound absorption characteristics to the space model.
And after the characteristics of the space model are added, preliminarily setting the multi-factor collection indoor sound source, the loudspeaker and the microphone array according to the working principle and the characteristics of the multi-factor collection indoor components.
Optionally, the step of setting a sound source, a speaker, a microphone array and a comparison microphone array in the spatial model according to the characteristic information includes:
according to the sounding characteristics of the loudspeaker, the coverage range of sound waves emitted by the loudspeaker is extracted, and the sound source and the loudspeaker are arranged in parallel in the space model.
And according to the coverage range of the sound wave emitted by the loudspeaker, arranging the microphone array and the comparison microphone array in an area which is not overlapped with the coverage range of the sound wave emitted by the loudspeaker.
After the sound source, the microphone array, the comparison microphone array and the loudspeaker are preliminarily set, the sound source is started to emit sound signals, the microphone array and the comparison microphone array are excited, and the optimal setting position of the microphone array is judged according to the output response of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array.
Optionally, the microphone array and the comparison microphone array are excited by a sound signal emitted from a sound source, and the step of calculating the transfer functions of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array includes:
stimulating the microphone array and the comparison microphone array with the sound source emitted sound to obtain an output response of the microphone array and an output response of the comparison microphone array.
And solving the ratio of the output response of the microphone array to the sound signal to obtain the transfer function of the microphone array.
And solving the ratio of the output response of the comparison microphone array to the sound signal to obtain the transfer function of the comparison microphone array.
After the transfer functions of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array are obtained, the output signals of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array can be evaluated according to the transfer functions. The evaluation is performed from both the unevenness and the average amplitude of the output signal. And an average amplitude difference exists between the average amplitudes of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array, and the magnitude of the average amplitude can be judged according to the positive and negative values of the average amplitude difference.
Optionally, the step of calculating a placement evaluation factor of the microphone array according to the transfer function of the microphone array and the transfer function of the comparison microphone array to obtain a value of the placement evaluation factor includes:
and solving the unevenness of the transfer function of the microphone array according to the transfer function of the microphone array.
And solving the unevenness of the transfer function of the comparison microphone array according to the transfer function of the comparison microphone array.
And calculating the average amplitude difference according to the transfer function of the microphone array and the transfer function of the comparison microphone array.
Optionally, the step of obtaining the unevenness of the transfer function of the microphone array according to the transfer function of the microphone array includes:
and selecting frequency points in the transfer function of the microphone array, and obtaining the amplitude corresponding to the frequency points.
And calculating the average value of the amplitude values corresponding to the frequency points.
Substituting the amplitude corresponding to the frequency point, the average value of the amplitudes corresponding to the frequency points and the number of the selected frequency points into an unevenness calculation formula to obtain the unevenness of the transfer function of the microphone array; the unevenness calculation formula is as follows:
wherein v is unevenness; x is the amplitude corresponding to the frequency point; u is the average value of the amplitude values corresponding to the frequency points; and N is the number of the selected frequency points.
Optionally, the step of obtaining the average amplitude difference according to the transfer function of the microphone array and the transfer function of the comparison microphone array includes:
selecting a highest frequency f from transfer functions of the microphone array and the comparison microphone arraymax。
Setting a frequency step Δ f of a transfer function of the microphone array.
The highest frequency fmaxSubstituting the frequency step length into an average amplitude difference calculation formula to obtain an average amplitude difference; the average amplitude difference calculation formula is as follows:
wherein U is the average amplitude difference; f. ofmaxIs the highest frequency; Δ f is the frequency step; a isiyThe transfer function amplitude of the ith microphone at the frequency of y in the microphone array is obtained; biyTo compare the transfer function amplitude of the ith microphone at frequency y in the microphone array.
And after the unevenness and the average amplitude difference are obtained, evaluating the output signals of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array according to the numerical values of the unevenness and the average amplitude difference, so as to obtain an optimal microphone array arrangement mode.
Optionally, the step of comparing the microphone array with the placement evaluation factors of the comparison microphone array to obtain an optimal microphone array setting mode includes:
and comparing the unevenness of the microphone array with the unevenness of the comparison microphone array, and if the unevenness of the microphone array is smaller than the unevenness of the comparison microphone array, judging that the arrangement position of the microphone array is a suboptimal arrangement position.
And if the average amplitude difference is a positive number, the arrangement position of the microphone array is the optimal arrangement position of the microphone array.
And if the average amplitude difference is a negative number, weighting the unevenness and the average amplitude difference to obtain a distribution position score.
And if the distribution position score of the microphone array is larger than the distribution position score of the comparison microphone array, judging that the distribution position of the microphone array is the optimal distribution position of the microphone array.
After the optimal microphone array arrangement position is obtained, the sound source, the loudspeaker and the microphone array can be arranged according to the optimal microphone array arrangement position.
Optionally, according to the optimal microphone array manner, setting the position of the microphone array includes: the sound source is positioned at the geometric center of a multi-factor collection chamber. And arranging the loudspeaker and the sound source in parallel, and arranging the loudspeaker at an interrogation window. And arranging the microphone array and the loudspeaker vertically and on the top of the multi-factor acquisition chamber.
The present application further provides a system for selecting a microphone placement location, comprising: the device comprises a data acquisition module, a simulation module, an operation module, a data analysis module and an execution module.
The data acquisition module is used for acquiring characteristic information of the multi-factor acquisition chamber and establishing a space model of the multi-factor acquisition chamber according to the characteristic information.
The simulation module is used for setting a sound source, a sound interference source, a microphone array and a comparison microphone array in the space model according to the characteristic information.
The operation module is used for exciting the microphone array and the comparison microphone array by using a sound signal emitted by a sound source, and calculating transfer functions of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array.
The operation module is further used for calculating the distribution evaluation factors of the microphone array according to the transfer function of the microphone array and the transfer function of the comparison microphone array to obtain the values of the distribution evaluation factors.
The data analysis module is used for comparing the microphone array with the layout evaluation factors of the compared microphone array to obtain an optimal microphone array arrangement mode.
The execution module is used for setting the position of the microphone array according to the optimal microphone array mode.
The application provides a method and a system for selecting a microphone placement position, which simulate a multi-factor acquisition room by establishing a space model. And preliminarily setting the arrangement positions of the sound source, the loudspeaker and the microphone array according to the working characteristics of the sound source, the loudspeaker and the microphone array. And a sound source is used for emitting sound signals, and the optimal microphone array arrangement position is obtained through comparing the output signals of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array. And finally, setting a microphone array according to the optimal microphone array arrangement position.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of selecting a microphone deployment location;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the steps for building a multi-factor collection chamber spatial model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the preliminary steps of setting up the sound source, speakers, microphone array and comparison microphone array;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the steps of calculating transfer functions for a microphone array and a comparative microphone array;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the steps for calculating values of deployment evaluation factors;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the steps for calculating the unevenness;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the steps for calculating the average amplitude difference;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the steps for finding the optimal microphone array placement;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an optimal microphone array placement.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following examples do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. But merely as exemplifications of systems and methods consistent with certain aspects of the application, as recited in the claims.
The present application provides a method for selecting a microphone placement position, which is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1, and includes the following steps:
and collecting the characteristic information of the multi-factor collecting chamber, and establishing a space model of the multi-factor collecting chamber according to the characteristic information.
The characteristic information includes physical characteristics of the multi-factor collection chamber, the physical characteristics including multi-factor collection chamber
Can be used for establishing a space model of the multi-factor acquisition chamber according to the length, the width and the height of the multi-factor acquisition chamber. The characteristic information also comprises wall material information of the multi-factor acquisition room, reflects the sound absorption characteristic of the multi-factor acquisition room, and adds the sound absorption characteristic to the control model.
The wall of the multi-factor collecting chamber is made of a material with a good sound insulation effect, and the sound reflection formed by the fact that the multi-factor collecting chamber is a closed space can be reduced by adopting the material with the good sound insulation effect, so that the sound collection of the microphone is facilitated. Thereby being beneficial to the voice information collection of the collected personnel. The sound absorption characteristic is added to the space model to improve the matching degree of the space model and the multi-factor acquisition chamber, and the higher the reduction degree of the space model to the multi-factor acquisition chamber is, the more accurate the subsequent calculation result is.
And setting a sound source, a loudspeaker, a microphone array and a comparison microphone array in the spatial model according to the characteristic information.
The characteristic information further includes characteristics of sound waves emitted by the sound source, characteristics of sound waves emitted by the loudspeaker, sound reception characteristics of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array. And confirming the primary setting positions of the sound source, the loudspeaker, the microphone array and the comparison microphone array by taking the various characteristics as the basis.
Exciting the microphone array and the comparison microphone array with a sound signal emitted by a sound source, calculating transfer functions of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array.
The sound signal that the sound source sent is equivalent to the personnel of being gathered and sends out the sound, microphone array and comparison microphone array all can respond to the sound signal that the sound source sent, utilize response and sound signal can obtain the description microphone array and the comparison microphone array to the responsiveness of sound signal.
And calculating the distribution evaluation factor of the microphone array according to the transfer function of the microphone array and the transfer function of the comparison microphone array to obtain the value of the distribution evaluation factor.
The placement evaluation factors include unevenness, which reflects the degree of stationarity of the output signal, and an average amplitude difference. The average amplitude difference reflects the degree of attenuation of the output signal.
And comparing the arrangement evaluation factors of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array to obtain an optimal microphone array arrangement mode.
The smaller the unevenness, the better the stability of the output signal. The larger the average amplitude difference is, the difference between the output signal amplitudes of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array can be compared, and the microphone array with the larger output amplitude can be obtained, so that the microphone array with the small attenuation degree of the output signal can be determined. And comprehensively evaluating the unevenness and the average amplitude difference to obtain an optimal microphone array arrangement mode.
And setting the position of the microphone array according to the optimal microphone array mode.
After the optimal microphone array arrangement mode is obtained, all sound elements in the multi-factor acquisition room can be arranged according to the sound source, the loudspeaker and the optimal microphone array arrangement mode in the space model.
The basis for obtaining the optimal microphone array arrangement mode is to establish a space model of the multi-factor acquisition chamber, and the higher the reduction degree of the space model to the multi-factor acquisition chamber is, the more accurate the calculation result is. The steps for creating a spatial model of a multi-factor acquisition chamber are described in detail below with reference to fig. 2, and include the steps of:
and acquiring physical characteristics of the multi-factor acquisition chamber, wherein the physical characteristics comprise the length, the width and the height of the multi-factor acquisition chamber, and establishing a space model of the multi-factor acquisition chamber according to the length, the width and the height of the multi-factor acquisition chamber.
And defining the space model of the multi-factor acquisition chamber by acquiring the length, width and height of the multi-factor acquisition chamber, thereby establishing a primary space model. In addition, a coordinate system can be established by utilizing the values of the length, the width and the height so as to describe the positions of all parts in the space model.
And collecting wall material information of the multi-factor collecting chamber to obtain the sound absorption characteristics of the multi-factor collecting chamber, and adding the sound absorption characteristics to the space model.
The wall of the multi-factor collection chamber is made of a material with a good sound insulation effect, sound reflection caused by the fact that the multi-factor collection chamber is a closed space can be reduced by the material with the good sound insulation effect, reception of a microphone is facilitated, and voice information of collected people can be collected. The sound absorption features are added to the spatial model to improve the reduction degree of the spatial model to the multi-factor acquisition chamber.
According to the characteristic information, the positions of a sound source, a loudspeaker, a microphone array and a comparison microphone array can be preliminarily set, the characteristic information further comprises the sound production characteristics of the loudspeaker, and the specific expression is the coverage range of sound waves. The step of initially arranging the sound source, speaker and microphone array is described in detail below with reference to fig. 3, and includes the steps of:
according to the sounding characteristics of the loudspeaker, the coverage range of sound waves emitted by the loudspeaker is extracted, and the sound source and the loudspeaker are arranged in parallel in the space model.
The loudspeaker adopts a directional loudspeaker, so that the direction of sound waves emitted by the loudspeaker is more concentrated and is arranged at the interrogation window. The direction with the strongest sound wave energy is the sound wave parallel direction, so that the sound source and the directional loudspeaker are arranged in parallel, and the situation that the position of the collected person and the position of the directional loudspeaker are also arranged in parallel is shown.
And according to the coverage range of the sound wave emitted by the loudspeaker, arranging the microphone array and the comparison microphone array in an area which is not overlapped with the coverage range of the sound wave emitted by the loudspeaker.
The coverage area that directional loudspeaker sent the sound wave can lead to the fact direct signal impact to microphone array, can form electromagnetic interference to influence microphone array's radio reception effect, consequently when the preliminary setting to microphone array and contrast microphone array, avoid directional loudspeaker's sound wave coverage area sets up microphone array and contrast microphone array. The microphone array and the comparison microphone array may be disposed perpendicular to the directional speaker, and may also be disposed on a plane having an inclination angle of 30 °, 45 °, 60 ° or the like with the directional speaker.
After the sound source, the loudspeaker, the microphone array and the comparison microphone array are preliminarily set, the sound source is used for emitting sound signals to excite the microphone array and the comparison microphone array, and respective transfer functions of the sound source, the loudspeaker, the microphone array and the comparison microphone array are obtained through output signals of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array. The following describes the step of obtaining the transfer function in detail with reference to fig. 4, and the step includes:
exciting the microphone array and the comparison microphone array with the sound source emitting sound signals to obtain an output response of the microphone array and an output response of the comparison microphone array.
The sound signal that the sound source sent is used for the pronunciation information of the simulation person of being gathered, microphone array and contrast microphone array produce corresponding output signal after receiving the excitation.
And solving the ratio of the output response of the microphone array to the sound signal to obtain the transfer function of the microphone array.
And solving the ratio of the output response of the comparison microphone array to the sound signal to obtain the transfer function of the comparison microphone array.
After the transfer function is obtained, the arrangement of the microphone array is further selected by calculating the arrangement evaluation factors of the microphone array. The following describes in detail the steps of obtaining the placement evaluation factor with reference to fig. 5, and the steps include:
and solving the unevenness of the transfer function of the microphone array according to the transfer function of the microphone array.
The unevenness is used to describe the stability of the output signal, and numerically, the smaller the unevenness, the better the stability of the output signal.
And solving the unevenness of the transfer function of the comparison microphone array according to the transfer function of the comparison microphone array.
And calculating the average amplitude difference according to the transfer function of the microphone array and the transfer function of the comparison microphone array.
The average amplitude difference is used for describing the amplitude relation between the output signals of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array, and the larger amplitude of the output signals represents that the attenuation degree is small and the reducibility to sound is better.
The layout evaluation factors include unevenness and average amplitude difference, and the following describes in detail the steps of calculating the unevenness and the average amplitude difference with reference to fig. 6 and 7, respectively, and the step of calculating the unevenness includes:
and selecting frequency points in the transfer function of the microphone array, and obtaining the amplitude corresponding to the frequency points.
The frequency point is selected based on the frequency range of sound emitted by a person, and the frequency range is 20Hz to 20000 Hz. The difference is selected according to a certain difference, for example, the difference is 20Hz, 40Hz, 60Hz, etc. The magnitude is used to substitute an unevenness formula to calculate the unevenness and also to calculate an average magnitude difference.
And calculating the average value of the amplitude values corresponding to the frequency points.
Substituting the amplitude corresponding to the frequency point, the average value of the amplitudes corresponding to the frequency points and the number of the selected frequency points into an unevenness calculation formula to obtain the unevenness of the transfer function of the microphone array. The unevenness calculation formula is as follows:
wherein v is unevenness; x is the amplitude corresponding to the frequency point; u is the average value of the amplitude values corresponding to the frequency points; and N is the number of the selected frequency points.
The step of finding the average magnitude difference comprises:
selecting a highest frequency f from transfer functions of the microphone array and the comparison microphone arraymax。
Setting a frequency step Δ f of a transfer function of the microphone array.
The highest frequency fmaxSubstituting the frequency step length into an average amplitude difference calculation formula to obtain an average amplitude difference; the average amplitude difference calculation formula is as follows:
wherein U is the average amplitude difference; f. ofmaxIs the highest frequency; Δ f is the frequency step; a isiyFor the transfer function of the ith microphone in the microphone array at the frequency of yAn amplitude value; biyTo compare the transfer function amplitude of the ith microphone at frequency y in the microphone array.
It should be noted that, the calculated data of the unevenness and the average amplitude difference are extracted from the output signals of the sub-microphones in the microphone array and the comparison microphone array, and the unevenness and the average amplitude of the output signals of the sub-microphones are subjected to an average processing for the overall comparison of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array. And the output signals of the sub-microphones can be compared according to corresponding numbers, and the strength of the local sound receiving capacity of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array is reflected.
And after the unevenness and the average amplitude difference are obtained, further selecting an optimal microphone array arrangement mode by combining the numerical value of the unevenness and the numerical value of the average amplitude difference. The following describes in detail the step of selecting an optimal microphone array placement with reference to fig. 8, which includes the steps of:
and comparing the unevenness of the microphone array with the unevenness of the comparison microphone array, and if the unevenness of the microphone array is smaller than the unevenness of the comparison microphone array, judging that the arrangement position of the microphone array is a suboptimal arrangement position.
The specific value of the unevenness of the microphone array is an average value of the unevenness of the output signals of the sub-microphones in the microphone array. The specific value of the unevenness of the comparison microphone is an average value of the unevenness of the output signals of the sub-microphones in the comparison microphone array.
And after the microphone array arrangement mode with small unevenness value of the output signal is set as a sub-optimal arrangement position, selecting the optimal microphone array arrangement position by comparing the average amplitude.
And if the average amplitude difference is a positive number, the arrangement position of the microphone array is the optimal arrangement position of the microphone array.
And combining the solving formula of the average amplitude difference, if the average amplitude difference is a positive number, the average amplitude of the output signals of the microphone array is larger than the average amplitude of the output signals of the comparison microphone array, namely the attenuation degree of the output signals of the microphone array is smaller, so that the sound receiving effect of the microphone array is better. And determining the arrangement position of the microphone array as the optimal arrangement position by combining the second-highest-level arrangement position.
And if the average amplitude difference is a negative number, weighting the unevenness and the average amplitude difference to obtain a distribution position score.
The average amplitude difference is a negative number indicating that the amplitude of the output signal of the microphone array is less than the amplitude of the output signal of the comparison microphone array. When the microphone array and the comparison microphone array have advantages, in order to select an optimal microphone placement position, the results of the unevenness and the average amplitude difference need to be weighted, a placement position score is obtained, and the optimal placement position is confirmed by comparing the placement position scores.
And if the distribution position score of the microphone array is larger than the distribution position score of the comparison microphone array, judging that the distribution position of the microphone array is the optimal distribution position of the microphone array.
The optimal microphone array placement position is explained in detail with reference to fig. 9. And after the final microphone array arrangement position is obtained, arranging the sound source, the loudspeaker and the microphone array according to the simulation result. The specific arrangement mode is as follows: the sound source 3 is arranged at the geometric center of a multi-factor collection room in which it is replaced by the seat of the person to be collected, i.e. the person to be collected as the sound source. And arranging the loudspeaker 2 and the sound source in parallel, and arranging the loudspeaker at an interrogation window. The microphone array 1 is arranged vertically to the loudspeaker and is arranged on the top of the multi-factor collecting chamber. The controller 4 is used for data collection, analysis, storage and other works.
The application also provides a system for selecting the microphone placement position, which comprises a data acquisition module, a simulation module, an operation module, a data analysis module and an execution module.
The data acquisition module is used for acquiring characteristic information of the multi-factor acquisition chamber and establishing a space model of the multi-factor acquisition chamber according to the characteristic information.
The simulation module is used for setting a sound source, a sound interference source, a microphone array and a comparison microphone array in the space model according to the characteristic information.
The operation module is used for exciting the microphone array and the comparison microphone array by using a sound signal emitted by a sound source, and calculating transfer functions of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array.
The operation module is further used for calculating the distribution evaluation factors of the microphone array according to the transfer function of the microphone array and the transfer function of the comparison microphone array to obtain the values of the distribution evaluation factors.
The data analysis module is used for comparing the microphone array with the layout evaluation factors of the compared microphone array to obtain an optimal microphone array arrangement mode.
The execution module is used for setting the position of the microphone array according to the optimal microphone array mode.
The application provides a method and a system for selecting a microphone placement position, wherein a multi-factor collection room space model is established by collecting physical characteristics and wall material characteristics of a multi-factor collection room. And adding a sound source and a sound interference source for the space model according to the positions of the seats and the loudspeakers of the collected people. And arranging a microphone array according to the positions of the sound source and the sound interference source, and exciting the microphone array by using a sound signal emitted by the sound source to obtain an output signal of the microphone array. The transfer function of the microphone array is evaluated using the output signal and the sound signal. And solving the unevenness and the average amplitude of the output signals of the microphone array according to the transfer function, and comparing the unevenness and the average amplitude with the comparison microphone array to determine the optimal microphone array arrangement mode.
The embodiments provided in the present application are only a few examples of the general concept of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application. Any other embodiments extended according to the scheme of the present application without inventive efforts will be within the scope of protection of the present application for a person skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A method of selecting a microphone deployment location, comprising:
collecting characteristic information of a multi-factor collecting chamber, and establishing a space model of the multi-factor collecting chamber according to the characteristic information;
setting a sound source, a loudspeaker, a microphone array and a comparison microphone array in the spatial model according to the characteristic information;
exciting the microphone array and the comparison microphone array with a sound signal emitted by a sound source, and calculating transfer functions of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array;
calculating the distribution evaluation factor of the microphone array according to the transfer function of the microphone array and the transfer function of the comparison microphone array to obtain the value of the distribution evaluation factor;
comparing the arrangement evaluation factors of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array to obtain an optimal microphone array arrangement mode;
and setting the position of the microphone array according to the optimal microphone array mode.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of collecting characteristic information of the multi-factor collection chamber, and the step of building a spatial model of the multi-factor collection chamber based on the characteristic information comprises:
acquiring physical characteristics of a multi-factor acquisition chamber, wherein the physical characteristics comprise the length, the width and the height of the multi-factor acquisition chamber, and establishing a space model of the multi-factor acquisition chamber according to the length, the width and the height of the multi-factor acquisition chamber;
and collecting wall material information of the multi-factor collecting chamber to obtain the sound absorption characteristics of the multi-factor collecting chamber, and adding the sound absorption characteristics to the space model.
3. The method of selecting a microphone placement position according to claim 1, the characteristic information further including a sound emission characteristic of a speaker, wherein the step of setting a sound source, a speaker, a microphone array, and a comparison microphone array in the spatial model based on the characteristic information includes:
extracting the coverage range of sound waves emitted by the loudspeaker according to the sound production characteristics of the loudspeaker, and arranging the sound source and the loudspeaker in the space model in parallel;
and according to the coverage range of the sound wave emitted by the loudspeaker, arranging the microphone array and the comparison microphone array in an area which is not overlapped with the coverage range of the sound wave emitted by the loudspeaker.
4. A method of selecting microphone placement locations as claimed in claim 1, the microphone array and the comparison microphone array being excited with sound signals emitted by a sound source, the step of calculating transfer functions of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array comprising:
exciting the microphone array and the comparison microphone array with the sound source emitting sound signals to obtain an output response of the microphone array and an output response of the comparison microphone array;
obtaining a ratio of an output response of the microphone array to the sound signal to obtain a transfer function of the microphone array;
and solving the ratio of the output response of the comparison microphone array to the sound signal to obtain the transfer function of the comparison microphone array.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the placement evaluation factors include unevenness and average amplitude difference, and wherein the step of calculating the placement evaluation factors of the microphone array according to the transfer function of the microphone array and the transfer function of the comparison microphone array to obtain the values of the placement evaluation factors comprises:
solving the unevenness of the transfer function of the microphone array according to the transfer function of the microphone array;
solving the unevenness of the transfer function of the comparison microphone array according to the transfer function of the comparison microphone array;
and calculating the average amplitude difference according to the transfer function of the microphone array and the transfer function of the comparison microphone array.
6. The method of selecting a microphone placement location as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step of finding the unevenness of the transfer function of the microphone array based on the transfer function of the microphone array comprises:
selecting frequency points in a transfer function of the microphone array, and obtaining amplitudes corresponding to the frequency points;
calculating the average value of the amplitude values corresponding to the frequency points;
substituting the amplitude corresponding to the frequency point, the average value of the amplitudes corresponding to the frequency points and the number of the selected frequency points into an unevenness calculation formula to obtain the unevenness of the transfer function of the microphone array; the unevenness calculation formula is as follows:
wherein v is unevenness; x is the amplitude corresponding to the frequency point; u is the average value of the amplitude values corresponding to the frequency points; and N is the number of the selected frequency points.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of deriving the average magnitude difference from the transfer functions of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array comprises:
selecting a highest frequency f from transfer functions of the microphone array and the comparison microphone arraymax；
Setting a frequency step Δ f of a transfer function of the microphone array;
the highest frequency fmaxSubstituting the frequency step length into an average amplitude difference calculation formula to obtain an average amplitude difference; the average amplitude difference calculation formula is as follows:
wherein U is the average amplitude difference; f. ofmaxIs the highest frequency; Δ f is the frequency step; a isiyThe transfer function amplitude of the ith microphone at the frequency of y in the microphone array is obtained; biyTo compare the transfer function amplitude of the ith microphone at frequency y in the microphone array.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein comparing the placement evaluation factors of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array to obtain an optimal microphone array placement comprises:
comparing the unevenness of the microphone array with the unevenness of the comparison microphone array, and if the unevenness of the microphone array is smaller than the unevenness of the comparison microphone array, judging that the arrangement position of the microphone array is a suboptimal arrangement position;
if the average amplitude difference is a positive number, the arrangement position of the microphone array is an optimal microphone array arrangement position;
if the average amplitude difference is a negative number, weighting the unevenness and the average amplitude difference to obtain a distribution position score;
and if the distribution position score of the microphone array is larger than the distribution position score of the comparison microphone array, judging that the distribution position of the microphone array is the optimal distribution position of the microphone array.
9. The method of selecting a microphone placement location according to claim 1, wherein setting the location of the microphone array according to the optimal microphone array pattern comprises: positioning the sound source at a geometric center of a multi-factor collection chamber; arranging the loudspeaker and the sound source in parallel, and arranging the loudspeaker at an interrogation window; and arranging the microphone array and the loudspeaker vertically and on the top of the multi-factor acquisition room.
10. A system for selecting a microphone placement location, comprising: the device comprises a data acquisition module, a simulation module, an operation module, a data analysis module and an execution module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring characteristic information of the multi-factor acquisition room and establishing a space model of the multi-factor acquisition room according to the characteristic information;
the simulation module is used for setting a sound source, a sound interference source, a microphone array and a comparison microphone array in the spatial model according to the characteristic information;
the operation module is used for exciting the microphone array and the comparison microphone array by using a sound signal emitted by a sound source, and calculating transfer functions of the microphone array and the comparison microphone array;
the operation module is further used for calculating the distribution evaluation factors of the microphone array according to the transfer function of the microphone array and the transfer function of the comparison microphone array to obtain the values of the distribution evaluation factors;
the data analysis module is used for comparing the microphone array with the layout evaluation factors of the compared microphone array to obtain an optimal microphone array arrangement mode;
the execution module is used for setting the position of the microphone array according to the optimal microphone array mode.
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