CN114266471A - Energy efficiency evaluation method for multi-energy flow coupling comprehensive energy of cold, heat and electricity - Google Patents
Energy efficiency evaluation method for multi-energy flow coupling comprehensive energy of cold, heat and electricity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an energy efficiency evaluation method for a cold, heat and electricity multi-energy flow coupling comprehensive energy source, which comprises a cold/heat/electricity multi-energy coupling system modeling and semi-physical simulation method, a situation perception method based on mechanism model and data drive combination, and a multi-energy flow decarburizing energy efficiency dynamic evaluation method based on partition autonomy and cooperative complementation, wherein a miniaturized and modularized passive energy-taking multi-energy intelligent information sensor is developed; the wireless transmission of the running data of the complex network facing the coupling energy sources such as cold/heat/electricity is realized; a multi-energy flow cooperative communication protocol conversion method is designed, and the standardization of the edge-end communication protocol of the comprehensive energy body is realized. The invention solves the problems of multi-energy cluster regulation and energy management in the region, ensures the uninterrupted energy supply of the wide-area energy Internet and provides powerful support and service for the wide-area comprehensive energy system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy system management, optimization and control, and particularly relates to an energy efficiency evaluation method for a combined energy source for multi-energy flow coupling of cooling, heating and power.
Background
The regional energy Internet is a comprehensive complex regional energy system which takes electricity, heat and gas as energy carriers in a certain region and has a combination of various source, network, storage and load technologies. The areas may generally refer to administrative divisions in a country or a city, such as a village, a town, a village, a street, and the like, or may be divided according to a uniform characterization of a certain type of specific industry and form within a certain geographic range, such as an industrial park, a commercial park, an agricultural park, and a residential area. With the change of the regional boundary, the regional energy internet can be represented as a small regional distribution network system with various energy sources mainly based on distributed energy, and can also be defined as a large urban energy network system integrating production, output and distribution. Therefore, regional energy internetworks are important supports for wide area energy internetworks. However, the inherent physical characteristics, market mechanisms, informatization and automation levels of each energy system in the regional energy internet are obviously different, and for the complexity generated by collaborative planning and management operation of various energy technology combinations in the overall interconnected and mutual-aid region, the complexity can also increase by geometric multiples along with the expansion of the region range, so that problems and challenges are provided for the multi-energy cluster regulation and control and energy management technology of the regional energy interconnection quantity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an energy efficiency evaluation method and system for a cooling, heating and power multi-energy flow coupling comprehensive energy source, which solve the problems of energy efficiency evaluation, information perception key technical method and system of the cooling, heating and power multi-energy flow coupling comprehensive energy source in an area and energy management, can complete an interaction mechanism of autonomy-inter-area interaction-global coordination in the area, ensure uninterrupted energy supply of a wide area energy source internet and provide powerful support and service for a wide area comprehensive energy source system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an energy efficiency evaluation method for cold, heat and electricity multi-energy flow coupling comprehensive energy comprises a cold/heat/electricity multi-energy coupling system modeling and semi-physical simulation method, a situation perception method based on mechanism model and data drive combination, and a multi-energy flow decarburizing energy efficiency dynamic evaluation method based on partition autonomy and cooperative complementation, and a miniaturized and modularized passive energy-taking multi-energy intelligent information sensor is developed; the wireless transmission of the running data of the complex network facing the coupling energy sources such as cold/heat/electricity is realized; a multi-energy flow cooperative communication protocol conversion method is designed, and the standardization of the edge-end communication protocol of the comprehensive energy body is realized.
Further, the modeling and semi-physical simulation method for the cold/heat/electricity multi-energy coupling system specifically comprises the following steps: (1) analyzing a comprehensive energy system based on an energy network theory; (2) modeling a comprehensive energy system based on a time-varying energy network theory; (3) and (4) verifying the mechanism of the cold/heat/electricity multi-energy coupling system semi-physical simulation system.
Further, the situation awareness method based on the combination of the mechanism model and the data driving specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of establishing a multi-time scale electric energy management control architecture model for regional energy Internet, considering an external characteristic function model of distributed multi-type energy and industrial and residential loads and considering a comprehensive energy Internet model including a power transmission line model, a natural gas network model, a micro-grid power electronic model and an industrial and residential load model aiming at the characteristic of high permeability of distributed energy, and analyzing the influence of a relevant model on the system stability of the energy Internet;
the correlation modeling, controllability and quantitative analysis of a thermal power generation system and a gas turbine unit in the comprehensive energy system are used for proposing that a gas turbine comprehensive energy microgrid participates in the modeling of a thermal power generator grid coordination control frequency modulation control architecture and analyzing the influence of the modeling, and an intelligent microgrid participates in the research and verification of a thermal power generator grid coordination predictive control algorithm;
situation perception of data-driven modeling, collecting historical data including residential electricity consumption data, heating data, hot events and meteorological data, and fitting objective functions of various factors and demand load of an electricity consumption side; aiming at a controlled object or equipment, establishing an object-oriented information fusion data model; determining a normal data fluctuation interval in a normal state aiming at an object-oriented information fusion data model; and adopting an online identification modeling or big data model to judge the deviation degree of the current data fluctuation interval and the normal data fluctuation interval of the controlled object or equipment in real time or offline, namely situation perception.
Further, a dynamic evaluation method for the decarbonization energy efficiency of the multi-energy flow based on partition autonomy and collaborative complementation is as follows:
(1) double-carbon service advanced support algorithm for researching energy carbon electricity dynamic model, double-carbon prediction model, electric power contribution model and the like
Researching an energy carbon electricity dynamic model, a double carbon prediction model and an electric power contribution model.
Firstly, relevant standards of carbon emission accounting in the industry at present are researched and combated, and the relevant standards mainly comprise 24 relevant standards of carbon emission accounting such as an industry enterprise greenhouse gas emission accounting method and a report guide (trial implementation), a national greenhouse gas emission list establishment guide, an provincial-level greenhouse gas list establishment guide (trial implementation), and the like, and a carbon emission checking system of large clients in the emission control enterprise is established by combining a full life cycle method, a material balance method and an IPCC (intelligent power control) list method, so that a carbon emission model and an accounting process applicable to key emission control enterprises, industries and regions are formed.
And secondly, defining the incidence relation and the conversion algorithm of the energy, power and carbon emission data, and providing algorithm support for the emission accounting of the power data to the energy consumption side, the emission accounting to the energy production and conversion side and the carbon emission monitoring based on the power big data.
And thirdly, constructing a full-scene carbon emission data monitoring and tracking system based on the model, refining the time granularity of carbon emission monitoring to the day or even the hour, and further realizing fine granularity tracking of the peak reaching path. Based on various emission data and economic and social data, peak prediction is carried out according to a peak measurement and calculation model, and the descending decomposition of a target, the peak reaching path tracking and the neutralization path tracking are supported.
Finally, the user is subdivided into bases, the carbon emission composition of the user is analyzed from multiple angles of load characteristics, energy consumption composition, electric energy quality, new energy utilization and the like, the economic-skill-environmental-protection comprehensive analysis is carried out on the large client of the emission control enterprise according to the situation setting of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization, the economic-skill-environmental-protection comprehensive analysis is carried out on the large client of the emission control enterprise according to the emission reduction comprehensive analysis and the carbon trading market price of the large client of the emission control enterprise, the emission reduction measure suggestion is provided for the large client of the emission control enterprise, the economic-environmental-protection optimal analysis is carried out on the large client of the emission control enterprise, the benefit of the emission control enterprise is maximized on the basis of meeting the energy conservation and environmental protection, and the low-carbon emission control suggestion service scheme of the large client of the emission control enterprise based on the large data analysis is finally obtained.
(2) And researching and developing double-carbon applications of comprehensive energy carbon monitoring, carbon analysis, carbon evaluation and the like.
The method develops double-carbon applications of comprehensive energy carbon monitoring, carbon analysis, carbon assessment and the like, and comprises the functions of carbon emission accounting, an electric power-carbon emission model, carbon emission monitoring analysis, carbon emission user portrait, a basic database and the like.
1) Carbon emission accounting
According to the carbon emission accounting model, the carbon emission in the region, the industry and the enterprise is accounted based on the peak-to-peak target accounting methodology and the basic data in combination with the carbon emission accounting relevant standards issued by the state and the carbon emission accounting relevant standards issued by the state.
Data collection: according to 24 standards of industry and enterprise greenhouse gas emission accounting method and report guide (trial implementation), national greenhouse gas emission list compilation guide, provincial greenhouse gas list compilation guide (trial implementation), and the like, which are issued by national governing departments, accounting data of corresponding industries are collected. Taking the power generation industry as an example, the data collected is as follows:
carbon emission accounting data table for power generation enterprise
And (3) data accounting: according to the built-in accounting models of all industries in the system, the accounting of the carbon emission of the power generation industry enterprises, facilities and other dimensions is realized.
And (4) analysis of an accounting result: 1) counting carbon emission, namely counting the boundary carbon emission total amount of a counting main body, the total carbon emission amount of carbon including carbon transaction, the highest value, the lowest value, the index sequence of a machine set or an enterprise and the like by screening the main body (an enterprise or a machine set); the proportion analysis of various types of emission sources (fuel combustion emission, desulfurization process emission, emission generated by outsourcing electric power and heat) is realized; the functions of weighted average, highest/lowest, sequencing and the like of the power supply carbon emission intensity and the heat supply carbon emission intensity are realized. 2) Analyzing historical change trend: aiming at parameters of a main body (an enterprise or a unit) in the process of calculating the carbon emission, wherein the other parameters comprise activity level coal as fired low-level calorific value, carbonate purity, outsourcing electric power and heating power, and historical change trend analysis is carried out on the part of the carbon content and carbon oxidation rate of emission factors; and (3) carrying out historical change trend analysis on the calculated results of the carbon emission, including the total carbon emission of the boundary of the enterprise, various emission sources (fuel combustion emission, desulfurization process emission, emission generated by outsourcing electric power and heat power), the emission intensity of the power supply carbon and the emission intensity of the heat supply carbon, wherein the total carbon emission of the carbon emission is brought into carbon transaction.
Carbon emissions are reported: and generating a corresponding accounting report according to the accounting result analysis and an accounting report template of the corresponding industry for assisting the enterprise to refer.
2) "Power-carbon emissions" model
According to the conversion principle between the power and the carbon emission, various industrial guidelines and national standards, a power and carbon emission model is developed, power data is converted into carbon emission data, and the extension of monitoring the carbon emission by monitoring the power is realized.
"power-carbon emissions" normalization: and (3) combining a 'power-energy' conversion model, an 'energy-carbon emission' accounting method and corresponding coefficients to construct a 'power-carbon emission' normalization method.
Model algorithm development: by a normalized 'power-carbon emission' method, power is used as input data, carbon emission is used as output data, a 'power-carbon emission' calculation model is developed and is displayed in a visualization mode such as a chart.
And (3) checking a model algorithm: and (4) checking details of the energy statistics through historical statistical data and detailed energy statistics.
Setting parameters: and according to historical data, fitting and setting specific coefficients of the 'power-low carbon' accounting algorithm in each industry.
3) Carbon emission monitoring and analysis:
based on a 'power-carbon emission' model, a full-scene carbon emission data monitoring and tracking system is constructed, the time granularity of carbon emission monitoring is refined to days or even hours, and fine-grained tracking of a peak reaching path is further achieved.
Consumption in the industrial field: according to monitoring, collecting, classifying and counting real-time power consumption data, calculating the carbon emission of power consumption of the consumption side in the industrial field based on the configured accounting model and model parameters, and generating a visual chart.
Consumer side in building field: according to monitoring, collecting, classifying and counting real-time power consumption data, calculating the carbon emission of power consumption of a consumption side in the building field based on a configured accounting model and model parameters, and generating a visual chart.
The consumption side of the traffic field: according to monitoring, collecting, classifying and counting real-time power consumption data, calculating the carbon emission of power consumption of a consumption side in the traffic field based on a configured accounting model and model parameters, and generating a visual chart.
Resident electricity consumption side: according to monitoring, collecting, classifying and counting real-time power consumption data, calculating the carbon emission of power consumption of the residential life electricity consumption side based on the configured accounting model and model parameters, and generating a visual chart.
4) Carbon emission user profile:
energy consumption structure analysis: the composition of the energy used by the user and the contribution degree of the carbon emission are analyzed, and the conditions of using various medium energy sources such as electricity, heat, oil, coal and the like and generating electricity by using new energy sources are included.
Analyzing the energy consumption index: analyzing the total energy consumption index, the energy consumption composition and the carbon emission amount contributed by each energy consumption of the user according to the user property and the analysis type, and ranking carbon neutralization analysis is performed on enterprises in the same industry and the same region: the method is based on greenhouse gas emission list data, adopts various prediction models to analyze the carbon emission trend, and combines the means of reducing energy consumption, using green energy, purchasing carbon sink and the like to analyze the carbon neutralization path and cost of a user.
Carbon reduction measures recommend: based on energy consumption structure analysis, energy consumption index analysis and carbon neutralization analysis data, energy-saving modification, electric energy substitution, distributed photovoltaic and other business recommendation are carried out by combining factors such as user properties and resource endowments.
Further, miniaturized, modularized passive energy-taking multi-energy intelligent information sensor: the intelligent acquisition terminal acquires voltage, current and electric energy of the power equipment and temperature, pressure and humidity data of a cold and hot system; intelligent acquisition terminal includes in this system: the device comprises a current transformer, a voltage self-power-taking module, a power supply conversion module, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, a first control chip, a first wireless LORA module and a first RS485 communication module; the data aggregator in the system comprises: the second wireless LORA module, the GPRS module, the second RS485 communication module, the third RS485 communication module, the wireless transparent transmission module, the second control chip and the power interface. The acquisition terminal of the intelligent terminal system integrates voltage, current, temperature, pressure, humidity, a power supply source and an acquisition control system uniformly, distributed acquisition is carried out on a cold/heat/electricity multi-energy flow coupling system, and uniform monitoring of various energy sources is achieved.
Furthermore, the data collector can be connected with a plurality of intelligent acquisition terminals in two connection modes, wherein one mode adopts a wireless LORA communication mode, and the other mode adopts an RS485 communication mode; the wireless LORA communication adopts a standard LORA communication protocol, and the RS485 communication adopts a standard Modbus communication protocol.
Furthermore, situation awareness has the functions of anomaly detection and anomaly sorting through time sequence analysis.
Further, the edge node computing method based on situation awareness is an edge computing node mirror image based on big data and distributed computing, a mirror image system is realized by a reproducible environment integrated by a platform and is set into distributed computing nodes according to level requirements, and the distributed computing nodes are high-performance chips FGPA or neural network chips or high-performance servers.
Further, the situation awareness-based edge node calculation method includes:
the data verification preprocessing method comprises the following steps:
establishing a transfer function model, and carrying out performance precision verification on the transfer function to obtain an optimal transfer function model;
determining the source network load coordination control response characteristic as response time according to a control principle;
decomposing the measured signals into two parts of linear signals and disturbance signals through an ESO (electronic stability and optical isolation), wherein the linear signals can be identified to obtain a transfer function model, calculating the robustness performance of the system through a robustness algorithm, sequencing the anomalies through time sequence analysis, tracking the variation trend among dependent items in measurement data, and locking the anomalies of equipment, control and energy utilization networks and the like in the comprehensive energy Internet;
a backbone degree time sequence mining algorithm:
a new index bone quality is provided, the electric power data concept is redefined, and a visual model of the network concept of the electric power data forest is provided; if the connection is the connection of branches and trees, a community can be regarded as a tree, a power data network can be regarded as a data forest, a strong area included in the network can be regarded as a forest of a power data area, and other weak data areas can be regarded as shrubs; according to the hypothesis, the characteristics of power data network biology, namely power data forest, are endowed;
the method for realizing the situation awareness of the edge computing nodes comprises the following steps:
according to the electric forest model theory, any data combination can be regarded as an edge node, and then a high-performance computing module or a server is added on the node, and a distributed computing network is deployed by utilizing an edge computing node mirror image; and each node realizes a backbone time sequence algorithm and an abnormal locking algorithm, calculates the dependency of each edge node data set in real time, and determines that the node has a situation change when the dependency of the data set exceeds a threshold value, namely the situation is perceived.
Further, the process of the backbone degree time series mining algorithm is as follows: firstly, dividing all data in a net source load comprehensive energy power data forest model according to a relation of contact degrees, defining the data into an overlapped energy data set and a non-overlapped energy data set, wherein data in the non-overlapped energy data set has more and better link relations than data nodes in other sets in the net source load comprehensive energy power data forest model, and the link relations among all the data nodes are defined as edges;
defining the expansion degree as the minimum ratio of all outward-pointing edges in the network source load comprehensive energy power data forest model to the total number of internal edges in the power data forest model;
given a power data network undirected graph G (V, E) with | V | vertices and | E | edges, a node list NL is given to store the vertices in V within the power data network, and the current data set is denoted as Ci，CiThe contiguous set of data is NBCiHandle CiThe set of boundaries is denoted as BVCiGiven the backbone list BLTo save the backbones in set E;
setting a set G (V, E), wherein E is a backbone degree boundary, and a target set CF belongs to G; setting | NL | < | V |, the boundary of the bone dryness in the BL is f, Ec _ PRE is defined as the expansion degree in the forest model of the power data, all CF are target sets of the bone dryness, CF is initially an empty set, and i is 0; the BL's are arranged in descending order.
As a further improvement of the method, firstly, a probability scene model facing a terminal energy internet and a regional energy internet system is constructed, linear random power flow calculation is respectively carried out on different scenes on the basis of scene segmentation, meanwhile, the power consumption demand and the time range of an industrial and residential control system and a distributed energy control system predict the daily output curve, and on the basis, constraint conditions such as branch power flow, node voltage, transmission power, network topology and the like are added to realize control situation perception; the multi-target convergence speed is accelerated by applying a multi-target hierarchical control algorithm, the infeasible scheme caused by the randomness of energy internet electric energy management is reduced, a comprehensive energy multi-energy complementary coordination optimization control technology is provided, a global optimization autonomous control strategy is completed, and a comprehensive energy electric energy management cooperative optimization control device is developed.
As a further improvement of the invention, a source/grid/charge power system model comprising a thermal power generation boiler coordination control system, a steam turbine coordination control system, an energy storage system or a pumped storage and load system is established by using power system simulation software, research is started aiming at a standardized comprehensive energy coordination control technology, a high-capacity unit coordination optimization control technology and a primary frequency modulation technology route under the condition of ultra-high voltage power grid operation are developed, online hardware closed-loop simulation technology development of the machine-grid coordination control performance is developed, and a hybrid logic dynamic programming method or an intelligent method is used for simulating the digital source/grid/charge model and the comprehensive energy coordination control optimization control technology according to the overall system architecture and parameters of the thermal power generation boiler system, the steam turbine system, the energy storage system and the load system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a high-density heterogeneous energy universal type enhanced excitation high-precision external characteristic identification modeling method, which realizes the fusion among multiple time scales, multiple control layers and multiple control platforms through the comparison analysis of heterogeneous energy field data and simulation data, and develops a multi-layer fusion, cross-platform heterogeneous energy coupling electric/magnetic/mechanical/thermal block calculation and partition parallel dynamic simulation experiment system; and further providing a complex network theory and a visual data mining algorithm of the source network charge power system, tracking continuous changes in the measurement data, sequencing the anomalies through time sequence analysis, tracking the change trend among dependence items in the measurement data, locking the anomalies of equipment, control and energy utilization networks and the like in the comprehensive energy internet, providing control evaluation optimization and energy efficiency evaluation optimization decision support, expecting to solve the problem of the network source charge comprehensive energy wide-area situation perception theory, and further realizing the prediction of the power generation capacity of the traditional thermal power/gas and new energy. A source network charge situation perception method and a model system based on ubiquitous situation perception are provided. Developing a network source load model system in a large-scale multi-energy complementary comprehensive energy power complex network, displaying a model algorithm processing result, feeding back visualized cognition to a model design and knowledge discovery process, and realizing a situation perception technology and a model system based on a 'mechanism model + data driving'; an edge computing node implementation algorithm for the active disturbance rejection and offline modeling correction signal is provided.
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FIG. 1 is a time-varying energy network theory-based modeling diagram of an integrated energy system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view showing the multi-energy complementary frame structure of the cold/heat/electricity multi-energy source of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a mechanism verification of a semi-physical simulation system of the multi-energy coupling system for cold/heat/electricity of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of an evaluation system of the multi-energy flow coupling integrated energy supply system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary topology of a multi-energy flow coupling integrated energy supply system according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the "off-line modeling-on-line evaluation" operational reliability evaluation mode of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the internal components and functions of the intelligent acquisition terminal according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the intelligent acquisition terminal of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating the internal components and functions of the data aggregator according to the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an electric power internet of things intelligent terminal acquisition system.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-3, a key technical method and system for energy efficiency evaluation and information perception of a multi-energy flow coupling comprehensive energy source facing cold, heat and electricity is characterized in that the method comprises a cold/heat/electricity multi-energy coupling system modeling and semi-physical simulation method, a situation perception method based on combination of a mechanism model and data drive, and a multi-energy flow decarburizing energy efficiency dynamic evaluation method based on partition autonomy and collaborative complementation, and a miniaturized and modularized passive energy-taking multi-energy intelligent information sensor is developed; the wireless transmission of the running data of the complex network facing the coupling energy sources such as cold/heat/electricity is realized; providing a multi-energy flow cooperative communication protocol conversion technology to realize the standardization of the edge-end communication protocol of the comprehensive energy body;
a modeling and semi-physical simulation method for a cold/heat/electricity multi-energy coupling system researches the operation principle of the cold/heat/electricity multi-energy coupling system; providing a cold/heat/electricity complex energy network energy structure optimization method; the method is characterized in that the modeling and semi-physical simulation method of the cold/heat/electricity multi-energy coupling system comprises the following steps:
(1) and analyzing the comprehensive energy system based on the energy network theory.
On the premise of an energy network theory, the topological characteristics of the comprehensive energy system are analyzed by combining the generalized kirchhoff intensity measure and the extensive quantity law, and an energy network equation of the comprehensive energy system is established. The comprehensive energy system mainly comprises an electric power system, a heat supply system and energy conversion equipment (such as a cogeneration unit, a heat pump, a circulating pump and the like), and can realize reasonable distribution of energy flow and improve the utilization efficiency of energy through energy flow and complementation among sub-networks. The practicability of the energy network theory in the optimization modeling of the comprehensive energy system is verified through the optimization operation analysis of a certain comprehensive energy system.
(2) And (3) modeling the comprehensive energy system based on the time-varying energy network theory.
Based on a time-varying energy network theory, an energy network equivalent model of a time-varying transmission line (pipe) is established. In order to research the influence of different side disturbances on the comprehensive energy system, an energy network equivalent model of main coupling elements (an induction motor, a centrifugal pump and the like) of the comprehensive energy system is established. On the basis of a time-varying energy network topological model, a time-varying energy network mathematical model containing state constraint and output constraint is constructed, and modeling simulation is carried out on the dynamic characteristics of the comprehensive energy system. The effectiveness and correctness of the established theory and method are verified by numerical calculation, and a foundation is laid for time-varying analysis, optimization and planning compaction of the comprehensive energy system.
(3) And (4) verifying the mechanism of the cold/heat/electricity multi-energy coupling system semi-physical simulation system.
A digital physical hybrid simulation, a model and a control platform for a cold/heat/electricity multi-energy coupling system are developed, firstly, a probability scene model of an alternating current/direct current power grid, a heat pump, energy storage, a thermal power plant, a gas turbine and a load is constructed, linear random power flow calculation is respectively carried out on different scenes on the basis of scene segmentation, meanwhile, a control system predicts the demand and time range of power consumption and a distributed energy control system predicts a daily output curve, and on the basis, constraint conditions such as branch power flow, node voltage, transmission power, network topology, power supply node power factors, load fluctuation, uncontrollable individual distributed power generation units, maximum action times of a single switch and the like are added. And the multi-target convergence speed is accelerated by applying a multi-target hierarchical control algorithm, the infeasible scheme caused by the randomness of the power management facing the terminal energy Internet is reduced, and the verification of the global optimization autonomous control strategy is completed.
The situation awareness method based on the combination of the mechanism model and the data drive is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the steps of establishing a multi-time scale electric energy management control architecture model for regional energy Internet, considering an external characteristic function model of distributed multi-type energy and industrial and residential loads and considering a comprehensive energy Internet model including a power transmission line model, a natural gas network model, a micro-grid power electronic model and an industrial and residential load model aiming at the characteristic of high permeability of distributed energy, and analyzing the influence of a relevant model on the system stability of the energy Internet;
the correlation modeling, controllability and quantitative analysis of a thermal power generation system and a gas turbine unit in the comprehensive energy system are used for proposing that a gas turbine comprehensive energy microgrid participates in the modeling of a thermal power generator grid coordination control frequency modulation control architecture and analyzing the influence of the modeling, and an intelligent microgrid participates in the research and verification of a thermal power generator grid coordination predictive control algorithm;
situation perception of data-driven modeling, collecting historical data including residential electricity consumption data, heating data, hot events and meteorological data, and fitting objective functions of various factors and demand load of an electricity consumption side; aiming at a controlled object or equipment, establishing an object-oriented information fusion data model; determining a normal data fluctuation interval in a normal state aiming at an object-oriented information fusion data model; and adopting an online identification modeling or big data model to judge the deviation degree of the current data fluctuation interval and the normal data fluctuation interval of the controlled object or equipment in real time or offline, namely situation perception.
A cold/heat/electricity multi-energy coupling system efficiency evaluation method based on situation awareness comprises the following principles:
in the research of the evaluation indexes of the operation of the multi-energy flow coupling integrated energy supply system, the evaluation standards are respectively constructed from three important aspects of energy correlation, economic correlation and environmental correlation in consideration of the factors such as the hierarchy, the integrity, the operability and the like of an evaluation system, and the evaluation indexes are refined and classified. And analyzing and evaluating the multi-energy flow coupling integrated energy supply system model by using the proposed evaluation indexes. The energy flow simulation function and the technical architecture of the cold/heat/electricity complex energy network are provided, a cold/heat/electricity multi-energy coupling semi-physical hybrid simulation subsystem is built, modules such as energy consumption calculation, energy flow optimization, energy efficiency evaluation and strategy verification are included, and cold/heat/electricity comprehensive energy node energy flow optimization simulation and strategy verification can be performed. Researching a coupling transfer rule of the energy subsystem combination on the comprehensive energy efficiency of the system under the condition of variable working conditions; researching a dynamic evaluation method for the decarbonization energy efficiency of the multi-energy flow based on partition autonomy and cooperative complementation; researching a cold/heat/electricity multi-energy flow coupling energy system comprehensive energy efficiency evaluation model based on an energy utilization scene and an operation state; and developing an energy efficiency evaluation subsystem of the cold/heat/electricity multi-energy coupling system.
(1) And (4) a multi-energy flow coupling integrated energy supply system evaluation system.
The evaluation system of the multi-energy flow coupling integrated energy supply system can start from three key aspects: energy related indexes, economic related indexes and environment related indexes. Wherein the influence weights of the three indicators should be different in the face of different evaluation objects or different development stages of the same object. The energy-economy-environment-based system emphasizes the need for coordination and coexistence of the three, energy is an important material basis, environment is a carrier of energy, and economic growth is a development target. Economic growth relies on the support of energy resources, and excessive development and utilization of energy resources can cause environmental problems, thereby affecting the sustainable development of economy. On the basis of the above, the evaluation index can be further refined for the specific problem in the text. Specific evaluation indexes are shown in fig. 4.
The multi-energy flow coupling integrated energy supply system mainly comprises a power grid and a heat pipe network. The power grid comprises photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation which are used as renewable energy sources for power generation, a power energy storage system and an electric load; the heat pipe network comprises an electric heating pump, a thermal energy storage system and a heat load, wherein the electric heating pump and the thermal energy storage system realize energy conversion with a power grid. Wherein, the specific system parameters and topology are shown in fig. 5. By utilizing the energy utilization efficiency, the renewable energy consumption rate, economic related indexes and environmental related indexes, in the coupling integrated energy supply system of the IEEE 33 node, a bus is connected with a regional energy load, a large power grid and a centralized heating system. At a node, the electric heat pump performs centralized heating of the entire regional heat load by converting electric energy into heat energy. Meanwhile, the capacity is that the heat energy storage unit can store heat energy in a time period with lower energy price and then release the heat energy in a subsequent time period with higher energy price; or when the renewable energy is more abundant, when the electric energy storage charging reaches the upper limit of the capacity, the redundant electric energy is converted into heat energy by the electric heat pump to be stored in the heat energy storage, so that the consumption rate of the renewable energy is improved. Starting from a plurality of angles such as energy related indexes, economic related indexes and environment related indexes, analyzing the evaluation standard of the operation of the multi-energy coupling integrated energy supply system, and respectively considering the specific indexes such as the renewable energy consumption rate, the system electricity purchasing cost and the carbon emission. And evaluating the stable operation condition of the provided multi-energy flow coupling integrated energy supply system by using the standard.
(2) Research on a comprehensive energy scene evaluation method of multi-energy flow.
The method comprises the steps of providing a model-data hybrid driving operation reliability evaluation thought, establishing and solving a system state analysis and correction model according to the model driving thought, considering operation constraint and coupling association characteristics of a multi-energy supply subsystem, ensuring reliability evaluation precision and providing a training label for data driving; and a machine learning model and a parameter training algorithm are constructed according to a data driving idea, and a complex nonlinear association relation between the system state and the operation reliability is mined, so that the real-time evaluation of the operation reliability is realized. Further, the idea of model-data hybrid driving is used for each link of operation reliability evaluation, a new mode of 'off-line modeling-on-line evaluation' of the operation reliability evaluation of the comprehensive energy system is formed, and the problem that the evaluation efficiency of the traditional method is low is solved. See fig. 6.
A miniaturized and modularized passive energy-taking multi-energy intelligent information sensor; the wireless transmission of the running data of the complex network facing the coupling energy sources such as cold/heat/electricity is realized; the method provides a multi-energy flow cooperative communication protocol conversion technology to realize the standardization of the communication protocol between the edge and the end of the integrated energy body, and is characterized in that the development and communication standardization principles of the information perceptron are as follows: intelligent information perception technology and equipment development oriented to cold/heat/electricity multi-energy coupling
Developing a miniaturized and modularized passive energy-taking multi-energy intelligent information sensor; the wireless transmission of the running data of the complex network facing the coupling energy sources such as cold/heat/electricity is realized; providing a multi-energy flow cooperative communication protocol conversion technology supporting an MQTT information exchange mode, and realizing the standardization of a comprehensive energy body side-end communication protocol; and comprehensive energy cluster energy supply prediction and aggregation model perception based on multivariate data analysis are realized.
1) Research on cold/heat/electricity multi-energy flow internet of things intelligent terminal collector based on wireless transmission technology
The intelligent acquisition terminal is mainly used for acquiring data such as voltage, current and electric energy of power equipment, temperature, pressure, humidity and the like of a cold and hot system; intelligent acquisition terminal includes in this system: the device comprises a current transformer, a voltage self-power-taking module, a power supply conversion module, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, a first control chip, a first wireless LORA module and a first RS485 communication module; the data aggregator in the system comprises: the second wireless LORA module, the GPRS module, the second RS485 communication module, the third RS485 communication module, the wireless transparent transmission module, the second control chip and the power interface. The acquisition terminal of the intelligent terminal system integrates voltage, current, temperature, pressure, humidity, a power supply source and an acquisition control system uniformly, distributed acquisition is carried out on a cold/heat/electricity multi-energy flow coupling system, and uniform monitoring of various energy sources is achieved. The acquisition terminal and the data collector adopt wireless LORA communication, so that the connection of a communication cable is avoided; the overall design idea is that the maximum reduction cable reduces the construction difficulty, avoids the chaotic internal wiring of the switch cabinet, and improves the cleanliness of the power distribution cabinet. See fig. 7-8.
2) Research of data collector based on wireless transmission technology
The data collector is mainly used for collecting all the intelligent acquisition terminal data in the system and uploading all the data to the cloud platform; the data collector and the intelligent acquisition terminal adopt a wireless LORA module for transmission, and the data collector and the intelligent acquisition terminal have the characteristics of long transmission distance and stable transmission data. The wireless transmission technology is adopted to thoroughly solve the problems of large workload, difficult wiring, complex installation of the collector and the like of site communication and power supply cable construction, reasonably distribute the working range of the acquisition terminal and the data collection system, and simply and reliably realize the data acquisition function of the distribution station area. The data collector can be connected with a plurality of intelligent acquisition terminals in two connection modes, wherein one mode adopts a wireless LORA communication mode, and the other mode adopts an RS485 communication mode; the wireless LORA communication adopts a standard LORA communication protocol, and the RS485 communication adopts a standard Modbus communication protocol; the wireless LORA communication mode is adopted to reduce the field installation difficulty, the communication distance is long, and the communication connection is reliable. See fig. 9-10.
Based on a situation perception method combining a mechanism model and data driving, the situation perception has the functions of anomaly detection and anomaly sequencing through time sequence analysis.
The situation awareness method based on the combination of a mechanism model and data driving is characterized in that the situation awareness-based edge node computing method is an edge computing node mirror image based on big data and distributed computing, a mirror image system is realized by a reproducible environment integrated by various platforms of VMWare + Ubuntu + PaddlePaddle + Mahout + Docker, and is set into distributed computing nodes according to level requirements, and the distributed computing nodes are high-performance chips FGPA or neural network chips or high-performance servers.
The situation awareness method based on the combination of a mechanism model and data driving comprises the following steps:
data verification preprocessing method
Establishing a transfer function model, and carrying out performance precision verification on the transfer function to obtain an optimal transfer function model;
determining the source network load coordination control response characteristic as response time according to a control principle;
decomposing the measured signals into two parts of linear signals and disturbance signals through an ESO (electronic stability and optical isolation), wherein the linear signals can be identified to obtain a transfer function model, calculating the robustness performance of the system through a robustness algorithm, sequencing the anomalies through time sequence analysis, tracking the variation trend among dependent items in measurement data, and locking the anomalies of equipment, control and energy utilization networks and the like in the comprehensive energy Internet;
backbone degree time sequence mining algorithm
A new index bone quality is provided, the electric power data concept is redefined, and a visual model of the network concept of the electric power data forest is provided; if the connection is the connection of branches and trees, a community can be regarded as a tree, a power data network can be regarded as a data forest, a strong area included in the network can be regarded as a forest of a power data area, and other weak data areas can be regarded as shrubs; according to the hypothesis, the characteristics of power data network biology, namely power data forest, are endowed;
method for realizing situation awareness of edge computing nodes
According to the electric forest model theory, any data combination can be regarded as an edge node, and then a high-performance computing module or a server is added on the node, and a distributed computing network is deployed by utilizing an edge computing node mirror image; and each node realizes a backbone time sequence algorithm and an abnormal locking algorithm, calculates the dependency of each edge node data set in real time, and determines that the node has a situation change when the dependency of the data set exceeds a threshold value, namely the situation is perceived.
The situation perception method based on the combination of the mechanism model and the data drive has the following steps of a skeleton time sequence mining algorithm: firstly, dividing all data in a net source load comprehensive energy power data forest model according to a relation of contact degrees, defining the data into an overlapped energy data set and a non-overlapped energy data set, wherein data in the non-overlapped energy data set has more and better link relations than data nodes in other sets in the net source load comprehensive energy power data forest model, and the link relations among all the data nodes are defined as edges;
defining the expansion degree as the minimum ratio of all outward-pointing edges in the network source load comprehensive energy power data forest model to the total number of internal edges in the power data forest model;
given a power data network undirected graph G (V, E) with | V | vertices and | E | edges, given a node list NL to store vertices in V within the power data network, the current data set is assembledIs totally expressed as Ci，CiThe contiguous set of data is NBCiHandle CiThe set of boundaries is denoted as BVCiGiving a backbone list BL to store the backbones in the set E;
setting a set G (V, E), wherein E is a backbone degree boundary, and a target set CF belongs to G; setting | NL | < | V |, the boundary of the bone dryness in the BL is f, Ec _ PRE is defined as the expansion degree in the forest model of the power data, all CF are target sets of the bone dryness, CF is initially an empty set, and i is 0; the BL's are arranged in descending order.
Claims (10)
1. A cold, heat and electricity multi-energy flow coupling comprehensive energy-oriented energy efficiency evaluation method is characterized by comprising a cold/heat/electricity multi-energy coupling system modeling and semi-physical simulation method, a situation perception method based on combination of a mechanism model and data driving and a multi-energy flow decarbonization energy efficiency dynamic evaluation method based on partition autonomy and cooperative complementation; the wireless transmission of the running data of the cold/heat/electricity-oriented coupled energy complex network is realized by utilizing a miniaturized and modularized passive energy-taking multi-energy intelligent information sensor; and a multi-energy flow cooperative communication protocol conversion method is adopted to realize the standardization of the edge-end communication protocol of the comprehensive energy body.
2. The energy efficiency evaluation method for the combined cooling, heating and power energy flow coupling energy source according to claim 1, wherein the modeling and semi-physical simulation method for the multiple cooling/heating/power energy coupling system specifically comprises: (1) analyzing a comprehensive energy system based on an energy network theory; (2) modeling a comprehensive energy system based on a time-varying energy network theory; (3) and (4) verifying the mechanism of the cold/heat/electricity multi-energy coupling system semi-physical simulation system.
3. The energy efficiency evaluation method for the multi-energy flow coupling comprehensive energy source facing cold, heat and power as claimed in claim 1, wherein the situation awareness method based on the combination of the mechanism model and the data drive specifically comprises:
the method comprises the steps of establishing a multi-time scale electric energy management control architecture model for regional energy Internet, considering an external characteristic function model of distributed multi-type energy and industrial and residential loads and considering a comprehensive energy Internet model including a power transmission line model, a natural gas network model, a micro-grid power electronic model and an industrial and residential load model aiming at the characteristic of high permeability of distributed energy, and analyzing the influence of a relevant model on the system stability of the energy Internet;
the correlation modeling, controllability and quantitative analysis of a thermal power generation system and a gas turbine unit in the comprehensive energy system are used for proposing that a gas turbine comprehensive energy microgrid participates in the modeling of a thermal power generator grid coordination control frequency modulation control architecture and analyzing the influence of the modeling, and an intelligent microgrid participates in the research and verification of a thermal power generator grid coordination predictive control algorithm;
situation perception of data-driven modeling, collecting historical data including residential electricity consumption data, heating data, hot events and meteorological data, and fitting objective functions of various factors and demand load of an electricity consumption side; aiming at a controlled object or equipment, establishing an object-oriented information fusion data model; determining a normal data fluctuation interval in a normal state aiming at an object-oriented information fusion data model; and adopting an online identification modeling or big data model to judge the deviation degree of the current data fluctuation interval and the normal data fluctuation interval of the controlled object or equipment in real time or offline, namely situation perception.
4. The energy efficiency evaluation method for the combined energy of multi-energy flow coupling of cooling, heating and power according to claim 1, characterized in that the dynamic evaluation method for the de-carbonization energy efficiency of the multi-energy flow based on the partition autonomy and the cooperative complementation is as follows:
the regional energy Internet system and energy system has multi-class energy input and multi-class energy output, a dividing method of typical scenes in the operation of the regional energy Internet comprehensive energy system is researched according to the change of various energy and load demands, and energy flow models of various energy sources are established in various typical scenes; based on the method, aiming at the planning and operation optimization scheme of the comprehensive energy system, a partition autonomous principle is implemented, the multi-energy coupling and the multi-energy time scale difference are considered, the multi-energy cooperative complementation is realized through means of simulation, emulation, statistics and the like, the comprehensive energy system is modeled from the aspects of safety, reliability, economy, cleanness and flexibility, and the real-time monitoring and analysis of the carbon footprint based on the energy visual angle are realized based on data of water, electricity, gas, oil, coal and the like; building a carbon emission analysis and prediction model, building a carbon emission and carbon emission intensity analysis model according to enterprise energy consumption data and carbon emission data, giving evaluation indexes, further taking operation uncertainties such as renewable energy output and load into consideration, and comprehensively considering various scenes to build evaluation indexes of energy supply quality and comprehensive energy efficiency; and determining the weight of the evaluation index by comprehensively using an analytic hierarchy process and an entropy weight process, and solving the problem of inaccurate calculation of the index weight.
5. The energy efficiency evaluation method for the combined energy of multi-energy flow coupling of cooling, heating and power as claimed in claim 1, wherein the miniaturized and modularized passive energy-taking multi-energy intelligent information sensor: the intelligent acquisition terminal acquires voltage, current and electric energy of the power equipment and temperature, pressure and humidity data of a cold and hot system; intelligent acquisition terminal includes in this system: the device comprises a current transformer, a voltage self-power-taking module, a power supply conversion module, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, a first control chip, a first wireless LORA module and a first RS485 communication module; the data aggregator in the system comprises: the second wireless LORA module, the GPRS module, the second RS485 communication module, the third RS485 communication module, the wireless transparent transmission module, the second control chip and the power interface. The acquisition terminal of the intelligent terminal system integrates voltage, current, temperature, pressure, humidity, a power supply source and an acquisition control system uniformly, distributed acquisition is carried out on a cold/heat/electricity multi-energy flow coupling system, and uniform monitoring of various energy sources is achieved.
6. The energy efficiency evaluation method for the comprehensive energy source with multi-energy flow coupling for cooling, heating and power as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data collector is connected with the plurality of intelligent acquisition terminals in two ways, one way is a wireless LORA communication way, and the other way is an RS485 communication way; the wireless LORA communication adopts a standard LORA communication protocol, and the RS485 communication adopts a standard Modbus communication protocol.
7. The method for evaluating the energy efficiency of the multi-energy flow coupling comprehensive energy source facing cold, heat and power as claimed in claim 3, wherein the situation awareness has the functions of abnormality detection and abnormality sequencing through time sequence analysis.
8. The method for evaluating the energy efficiency of the cold, heat and power oriented multi-energy flow coupling comprehensive energy source according to claim 3, wherein the situation awareness based edge node computing method is an edge computing node mirror image based on big data and distributed computing, a mirror image system is realized by a platform integrated reproducible environment and is set as a distributed computing node according to level requirements, and the distributed computing node is a high-performance chip FGPA or a neural network chip or a high-performance server.
9. The energy efficiency evaluation method for the multi-energy flow-coupling comprehensive energy source facing cold, heat and power as claimed in claim 8, wherein the situation awareness-based edge node calculation method comprises:
the data verification preprocessing method comprises the following steps:
establishing a transfer function model, and carrying out performance precision verification on the transfer function to obtain an optimal transfer function model;
determining the source network load coordination control response characteristic as response time according to a control principle;
decomposing the measured signals into two parts of linear signals and disturbance signals through an ESO (electronic stability and optical isolation), wherein the linear signals can be identified to obtain a transfer function model, calculating the robustness performance of the system through a robustness algorithm, sequencing the anomalies through time sequence analysis, tracking the variation trend among dependent items in measurement data, and locking the anomalies of equipment, control and energy utilization networks and the like in the comprehensive energy Internet;
a backbone degree time sequence mining algorithm:
a new index bone quality is provided, the electric power data concept is redefined, and a visual model of the network concept of the electric power data forest is provided; if the connection is the connection of branches and trees, a community can be regarded as a tree, a power data network can be regarded as a data forest, a strong area included in the network can be regarded as a forest of a power data area, and other weak data areas can be regarded as shrubs; according to the hypothesis, the characteristics of power data network biology, namely power data forest, are endowed;
the method for realizing the situation awareness of the edge computing nodes comprises the following steps:
according to the electric forest model theory, any data combination can be regarded as an edge node, and then a high-performance computing module or a server is added on the node, and a distributed computing network is deployed by utilizing an edge computing node mirror image; and each node realizes a backbone time sequence algorithm and an abnormal locking algorithm, calculates the dependency of each edge node data set in real time, and determines that the node has a situation change when the dependency of the data set exceeds a threshold value, namely the situation is perceived.
10. The energy efficiency evaluation method for the combined energy of multi-energy flow coupling of cooling, heating and power as claimed in claim 9, wherein the process of the skeleton degree time series mining algorithm is as follows: firstly, dividing all data in a net source load comprehensive energy power data forest model according to a relation of contact degrees, defining the data into an overlapped energy data set and a non-overlapped energy data set, wherein data in the non-overlapped energy data set has more and better link relations than data nodes in other sets in the net source load comprehensive energy power data forest model, and the link relations among all the data nodes are defined as edges;
defining the expansion degree as the minimum ratio of all outward-pointing edges in the network source load comprehensive energy power data forest model to the total number of internal edges in the power data forest model;
given a power data network undirected graph G (V, E) with | V | vertices and | E | edges, given a node list NL to store vertices in V within the power data network, the current one isData set Ci，CiThe contiguous set of data is NBCiHandle CiThe set of boundaries is denoted as BVCiGiving a backbone list BL to store the backbones in the set E;
setting a set G (V, E), wherein E is a backbone degree boundary, and a target set CF belongs to G; setting | NL | < | V |, the boundary of the bone dryness in the BL is f, Ec _ PRE is defined as the expansion degree in the forest model of the power data, all CF are target sets of the bone dryness, CF is initially an empty set, and i is 0; the BL's are arranged in descending order.
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