CN114264085B - Series magnetic refrigerating system - Google Patents
Series magnetic refrigerating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114264085B CN114264085B CN202010973254.7A CN202010973254A CN114264085B CN 114264085 B CN114264085 B CN 114264085B CN 202010973254 A CN202010973254 A CN 202010973254A CN 114264085 B CN114264085 B CN 114264085B
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- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 254
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008207 working material Substances 0.000 description 2
- PXELSXAIIUMJCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Fe].[La] Chemical compound [Si].[Fe].[La] PXELSXAIIUMJCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005293 ferrimagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005298 paramagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Abstract
The invention provides a serial magnetic refrigeration system, comprising: the serial magnetic refrigeration system provided by the invention is started in a grading way through the magnetic refrigeration system, the required larger temperature span is achieved by using fewer kinds of magnetic heat working media, the quantity of the magnetic heat working media materials is reduced, the filling layer number of the magnetic heat working media is reduced, the production process difficulty of the magnetic heat working media is reduced, the cost is saved, and the reliability is increased; in addition, when the difference of the Curie temperatures of the multi-layer magneto-caloric working medium is large, the magneto-caloric working medium layer with the large Curie temperature deviation from the ambient temperature can exert the magneto-caloric effect, generate cold energy and cannot serve as a heat capacity load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic refrigeration, in particular to a serial magnetic refrigeration system.
Background
As a novel solid-state refrigeration technology, the magnetic refrigeration system is of great interest due to the characteristics of environmental protection and potential high efficiency.
The magnetocaloric effect is a thermal effect in which the temperature of a magnetocaloric working medium increases in the process of entering a magnetic field and decreases in the process of removing the magnetic field. Materials with such thermal effects are known as magnetocaloric media, which typically have the strongest magnetocaloric effect near their curie temperature. Curie temperature refers to the temperature at which the spontaneous magnetization in a magnetic material drops to zero, and is the critical point at which a ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic substance is converted into a paramagnetic substance. Studies have shown that magnetocaloric effects near the Curie temperature are greatest, which is beneficial to the exertion of the refrigeration potential of the material. When the single-layer working medium filling technology cannot meet the requirement of refrigerating performance, magnetic materials with adjustable Curie temperature points, such as lanthanum-iron-silicon-based compounds and the like, can be obtained through element adjustment and doping, and the temperature span of a magnetic refrigerating system is further increased.
In the magnetic refrigeration system, when a magnetic field is applied to a magnetocaloric working medium, the magnetocaloric working medium is magnetized and heated, heat exchange fluid flows from a low-temperature end heat exchanger to a high-temperature end heat exchanger through a magnetic heat regenerator and gives out heat, the magnetocaloric working medium is moved out of the magnetic field, the magnetocaloric working medium is demagnetized and heated, the heat exchange fluid flows from a hot end heat exchanger to a cold end heat exchanger through the heat regenerator to absorb heat, and cold energy is generated at a cold end. And circulating for many times, forming stable temperature gradient distribution between the cold end heat exchanger and the hot end heat exchanger, and generating constant refrigerating capacity at the low temperature end. Meanwhile, the Curie temperature of the magnetocaloric working medium in the magnetic heat regenerator is between the temperatures of the low-temperature end heat exchanger and the high-temperature end heat exchanger, and the average temperature of the magnetocaloric working medium in the magnetic heat regenerator can be close to the Curie temperature after multiple cycles.
In a magnetic refrigeration system, a magnetic regenerator is a core component. The magnetic heat working mediums with different Curie temperatures are arranged in the magnetic heat regenerator, so that the magnetic heat effect of the magnetic heat working mediums can be fully exerted, and compared with the magnetic heat working mediums with single-layer Curie temperatures, the magnetic refrigeration system can form a larger temperature span to generate larger cold quantity. However, the arrangement of multiple layers of magnetocaloric working materials with different curie temperatures in the magnetic regenerator generally requires that the difference between the curie temperatures of the layers in the magnetic regenerator is relatively small, because if the temperature difference is too large, the magnetocaloric working material layer with the curie temperature deviating from the ambient temperature is unable to exert the magnetocaloric effect when started, and cannot generate cold, but can only be used as a heat capacity load. This results in failure of the system to reach the desired temperature span and failure of refrigeration. When the Curie temperature interval of each layer in the magnetic heat regenerator is small, the number of filled layers is too large, so that a plurality of difficulties are increased in the process, and meanwhile, more kinds of magneto-thermal working media with different Curie temperatures are needed, so that the cost is increased, and the processing of materials is more time-consuming.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, it is necessary to provide a serial magnetic refrigeration system that cannot directly start the multi-layer magnetic regenerator and cannot generate cold energy because the magnetic heat medium layer having a large curie temperature deviation from the ambient temperature cannot exert the magnetocaloric effect when the curie temperature difference of the multi-layer magnetic heat medium is large in the magnetic refrigeration system.
A tandem magnetic refrigeration system comprising: n magnets, with arbitrary n magnetism regenerators that the magnet corresponds the setting, set up solenoid valve, low temperature end heat exchanger, high temperature end heat exchanger and the hydraulic piston pump between adjacent magnetism regenerators, n is greater than 1's integer, wherein:
any one of the magnets is used for providing a controllable variable magnetic field;
any one of the magnetic regenerators comprises a shell and a magneto-caloric working medium, the shell is wrapped outside the magneto-caloric working medium, when one of the magnets excites the corresponding magneto-regenerator, the generated magnetic field excites the magneto-caloric working medium through the shell, and the temperature of the magneto-caloric working medium is increased; when one of the magnets demagnetizes the corresponding magnetic regenerator, the generated magnetic field demagnetizes the magnetocaloric working medium, and the temperature of the magnetocaloric working medium is reduced; the Curie temperatures of the magnetocaloric working media in each magnetic regenerator are different and are arranged in sequence according to the Curie temperatures;
the magnetic regenerators with the lowest curie temperature of the magnetic heat working medium in the n magnetic regenerators are connected with one end of the low-temperature end heat exchanger through flow path channels, the other magnetic regenerators are respectively connected with the low-temperature end heat exchanger through flow path channels, and the other end of the low-temperature end heat exchanger is connected with one end of the hydraulic piston pump through flow path channels;
the magnetic heat regenerators with the highest curie temperature of the magnetic heat working medium in the n magnetic heat regenerators are connected with one end of the high-temperature end heat exchanger through a flow path channel, and the other end of the high-temperature end heat exchanger is connected with the other end of the hydraulic piston pump through the flow path channel;
the piston in the hydraulic piston pump moves to drive the movement of heat exchange fluid in the magnetic refrigeration system.
In some of these embodiments, the magnet is a reciprocating magnet pack.
In some embodiments, the magnet is a double-layer concentric nested magnet group, the double-layer concentric nested magnet group comprises an outer magnet group and an inner magnet group, the outer magnet group and the inner magnet group are hollow cylinders, the inner magnet group is arranged inside the hollow cylinders of the outer magnet group, the magnetic regenerator is arranged inside the hollow cylinders of the inner magnet group, the outer magnet group is fixed, the inner magnet group rotates around the central axis of the double-layer concentric nested magnet group, the inner magnet group rotates, a controllable variable magnetic field is formed in the hollow parts of the inner magnet group, and the magnetic regenerator can be excited and demagnetized.
In some of these embodiments, the magnetic regenerator is 3.
In some of these embodiments, the magnetocaloric working medium is Gd-based material, and/or MnFePAs-series compound, and/or LaFeSi-based material.
In some of these embodiments, a temperature sensor is also included, the temperature sensor being proximate to the low temperature side heat exchanger.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises a piston movement servo motor, wherein the servo motor is connected with the hydraulic piston pump, and the servo motor can drive a piston in the hydraulic piston pump to move so as to drive heat exchange fluid in the magnetic refrigeration system to move.
In some of these embodiments, a magnet servo motor is also included, which is capable of driving the magnet into operation.
In some embodiments, the device further comprises a controller, wherein the controller is respectively connected with the piston motion servo motor, the electromagnetic valve, the temperature sensor and the magnet servo motor through data wires.
The invention provides a serial magnetic refrigeration system, comprising: the serial magnetic refrigeration system provided by the invention is started in a grading way through the magnetic refrigeration system, the required larger temperature span is achieved by using fewer kinds of magnetic heat working media, the quantity of the magnetic heat working media materials is reduced, the filling layer number of the magnetic heat working media is reduced, the production process difficulty of the magnetic heat working media is reduced, the cost is saved, and the reliability is increased; in addition, when the difference of the Curie temperatures of the multi-layer magneto-caloric working medium is large, the magneto-caloric working medium layer with the large Curie temperature deviation from the ambient temperature can exert the magneto-caloric effect, generate cold energy and cannot serve as a heat capacity load.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly explain the embodiments of the present invention or the drawings used in the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a serial magnetic refrigeration system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein: 1-a first magnetic regenerator; 2-a second magnetic regenerator; 3-a third magnetic regenerator; 4-a first magnetocaloric working medium; 5-a second magnetocaloric working medium; 6-a third magnetocaloric working medium; 7-a housing; 8-a first magnet; 9-a second magnet; 10-a third magnet; 11-a high temperature end heat exchanger; 12-a low temperature end heat exchanger; 13-a hydraulic piston pump; 14-a piston motion servo motor; 15-a piston; 16-a first flow path; 17-a second flow path; 18-a third flow path channel; 19-a first solenoid valve; 20-a second solenoid valve; 21-a third solenoid valve; 22-a fourth solenoid valve; 23-temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a serial magnetic refrigeration system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a magnet, a magnetic regenerator, an electromagnetic valve, a flow path, a high-temperature heat exchanger 11, a low-temperature heat exchanger 12, a temperature sensor 23, a hydraulic piston pump 13, a piston motion servo motor 14, a controller, and a heat exchange fluid. The function of the respective components and the connection relationship with each other are described in detail below.
Wherein the number of the magnets is n, n is an integer greater than 1, and the magnets are used for providing controllable variable magnetic fields. The magnet can provide a controllable variable magnetic field for the serial magnetic refrigeration system started in a grading way, namely, the magnet can excite and demagnetize a magnetic regenerator in the magnetic refrigeration system.
In some of these embodiments, the magnets are reciprocating magnet sets or double layer concentric nested magnet sets.
Further, the double-layer concentric nested magnet sets include an outer magnet set and an inner magnet set. The outer magnet group and the inner magnet group are of hollow cylinder structures, the inner magnet group is arranged inside the hollow cylinder of the outer magnet group, and the magnetic heat regenerator is arranged inside the hollow cylinder of the inner magnet group.
It will be appreciated that the inner magnet set rotates about the central axis of the double layer concentric nested magnet set while the outer magnet set is stationary. The outer magnet group is fixed, the inner magnet group rotates, a controllable variable magnetic field is formed in the hollow part of the inner magnet group, and the magnetic regenerator can be excited and demagnetized. The magnetic regenerator 2 can generate heat and cold for a magnetic refrigeration system under the action of a controllable variable magnetic field.
Referring to fig. 1 again, the magnetic regenerator is disposed corresponding to any one of the magnets. Any one magnetic heat regenerator comprises a shell 7 and a magnetic heat working medium (such as a first magnetic heat working medium 4, a second magnetic heat working medium 5 and a third magnetic heat working medium 6 in the figure), wherein the shell 7 is wrapped outside the magnetic heat working medium, when a magnet excites the magnetic heat regenerator, a magnetic field excites the magnetic heat working medium through the shell 7, and the temperature of the magnetic heat working medium is increased; when the magnet demagnetizes the magnetic regenerator, the magnetic field demagnetizes the magnetocaloric working medium, and the magnetocaloric working medium temperature is reduced.
It will be appreciated that the heat generated by the excitation of the magnetocaloric working medium and the cold generated by the demagnetization will not be released to the outside through the housing 7, but will be released to the outside through the heat exchange fluid after exchanging heat and cold with the heat exchange fluid.
In some embodiments, the housing 7 is made of magnetically conductive and thermally insulating material, preferably engineering plastic.
In this embodiment, the magnetocaloric working medium is at least one, that is, the magnetocaloric working medium is a single working medium or multiple working media. When n >1, the Curie temperatures of the n magnetocaloric working media are different, the n magnetocaloric working media are orderly arranged in the regenerator according to the Curie temperature order of the magnetocaloric working media, namely, the magnetocaloric working medium with the lowest Curie temperature is arranged at the left end of the interior of the regenerator, the magnetocaloric working medium with the highest Curie temperature is arranged at the right end of the interior of the regenerator, and the Curie temperature difference between the adjacent magnetocaloric working media can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
Further, the magnetocaloric working medium is a material with magnetocaloric effect and adjustable curie temperature, and the curie temperature difference between adjacent magnetocaloric working medium can be adjusted according to actual conditions. The magnetocaloric working medium is Gd-based material, and/or MnFePAs series compound, and/or LaFeSi-based material. Preferably, the Gd-based material is doped with Er element, so that the Curie temperature of the Gd-based material can be adjusted, and the difference of the amount of the doped Er element determines the difference of the Curie temperature. Therefore, the GdEr materials with different Curie temperatures form the magneto-thermal working media with different Curie temperatures in the magneto-regenerator.
The above technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail by way of example with 3 magnetic regenerators.
Referring to fig. 1 again, the number of the magnetic regenerators is 3, which are respectively a first magnetic regenerator 1, a second magnetic regenerator 2 and a third magnetic regenerator 3; the number of the magnetocaloric working media matched with the 3 magnetocaloric regenerators is 3, namely a first magnetocaloric working medium 4, a second magnetocaloric working medium 5 and a third magnetocaloric working medium 6; that is, the first magnetocaloric working medium 4 is disposed inside the housing 7 of the first magnetic regenerator 1, the second magnetocaloric working medium 5 is disposed inside the housing 7 of the second magnetic regenerator 2, and the third magnetocaloric working medium 6 is disposed inside the housing 7 of the third magnetic regenerator 3. Each magnetic regenerator is correspondingly provided with 1 magnet, namely, the first magnet 8 can provide a controllable variable magnetic field for the first magnetic regenerator 1, the second magnet 9 can provide a controllable variable magnetic field for the second magnetic regenerator 2, and the third magnet 10 can provide a controllable variable magnetic field for the third magnetic regenerator 3. Each magnetic heat regenerator is correspondingly provided with 1 magnet, and when the magnetic heat regenerators are started in a grading mode, the magnetic refrigeration system can reduce work applied to an applied magnetic field. Of course, the 3 magnetic regenerators can be excited and demagnetized by correspondingly configuring 1 magnet.
The high temperature side heat exchanger 11 is capable of releasing heat to the outside. The low temperature side heat exchanger 12 is capable of releasing cold to the outside. The heat exchange fluid is capable of absorbing heat and cold inside the magnetic regenerator and transferring the cold to the low temperature side heat exchanger 12 and the heat to the high temperature side heat exchanger 11. A preferred example of the heat exchange fluid is water.
The series magnetic refrigeration system started in a grading way comprises a hydraulic piston pump 13 and a piston motion servo motor 14, wherein the hydraulic piston pump 13 comprises a piston 15. The piston movement servo motor 14 is connected with the hydraulic piston pump 13, and the piston movement servo motor 14 can drive a piston 15 in the hydraulic piston pump 13 to move, so as to drive heat exchange fluid in the hydraulic piston pump to flow, and finally, the heat exchange fluid in the flow path channel flows.
The flow path channel can connect the n magnetic regenerators, the high temperature heat exchanger 11, the low temperature heat exchanger 12 and the hydraulic piston pump 13. The flow path channel is a round hollow pipeline and is composed of heat insulation materials.
The heat exchange fluid flows in the flow path channel. The electromagnetic valve is arranged on the flow path channel and can be opened or closed, so that heat exchange fluid can pass through or cannot pass through the flow path channel. By arranging the electromagnetic valves on each flow path channel in the series magnetic refrigeration system started in a grading manner, the flow path of the heat exchange fluid in the flow path channels can be regulated, and further the working requirements of the grading starting of the heat exchange fluid flow path in the magnetic refrigeration system are met.
Further, in the following, a connection relationship between a flow path channel and each related component in a serial magnetic refrigeration system with a stage start is described by taking a serial magnetic refrigeration system with 3 magnetic regenerators to realize a stage start as an example.
And 3 magnetic regenerators are arranged in the serial magnetic refrigerating system started by 3 stages. And each magnetic heat regenerator is internally provided with a magneto-thermal working medium with different Curie temperatures. The flow path channels include a first flow path channel 16, a second flow path channel 17, and a third flow path channel 18. The solenoid valves include a first solenoid valve 19, a second solenoid valve 20, a third solenoid valve 21, and a fourth solenoid valve 22.
The first electromagnetic valve 19 is arranged on the first flow path 16, one end of the first flow path 16 is connected with the low-temperature end heat exchanger 12, and the other end of the first flow path 16 is connected with one end of the first magnetic regenerator 1; the second electromagnetic valve 20, the third electromagnetic valve 21 and the second magnetic heat regenerator 2 are arranged on the second flow path channel 17, one end of the second flow path channel 17 is connected with the low-temperature end heat exchanger 12, the third electromagnetic valve 21, the second magnetic heat regenerator 2 and the second electromagnetic valve 20 are sequentially arranged on the second flow path channel 17, and the other end of the second flow path channel 17 is connected with one end of the first magnetic heat regenerator 1; the third magnetic heat regenerator 3 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 22 are arranged on the third flow path channel 18, one end of the third flow path channel 18 is connected with the low-temperature end heat exchanger 12, the third magnetic heat regenerator 3 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 22 are sequentially arranged on the third flow path channel 18, and the other end of the third flow path channel 18 is connected with the second flow path channel 17 between the second magnetic heat regenerator 2 and the third electromagnetic valve 21. The other end of the first magnetic regenerator 1 is connected with one end of the high temperature end heat exchanger 11 through a flow path channel. The other end of the low-temperature end heat exchanger 12 is connected with one end of the hydraulic piston pump 13 through a flow path channel. The other end of the high-temperature end heat exchanger 11 is connected with the other end of the hydraulic piston pump 13 through a flow path channel. The magnetic heat regenerator, the electromagnetic valve, the high-temperature end heat exchanger, the low-temperature end heat exchanger and the hydraulic piston pump are connected through the flow path channel to form a closed pipeline channel.
The temperature sensor 23 can accurately measure the temperature of the low-temperature side heat exchanger in the magnetic refrigeration system. The temperature sensor 23 is disposed close to the low temperature side heat exchanger 12. The controller can regulate and control the operation of the magnet, the electromagnetic valve and the hydraulic piston pump, so that the magnetic refrigeration system can work normally. The controller is respectively connected with the temperature sensor, the electromagnetic valve, the piston motion servo motor and the magnet servo motor through data lines. The magnet servo motor can drive the magnet to work.
After the temperature sensor 23 measures the temperature of the low-temperature-end heat exchanger, the temperature data of the low-temperature-end heat exchanger 12 is transmitted to the controller through the data line, and the controller issues opening and closing instructions to the corresponding electromagnetic valve according to the fed-back temperature data. When the solenoid valve is opened, the heat exchange fluid can pass through the flow path channel; when the solenoid valve is closed, the heat exchange fluid cannot pass through the flow path passage. When the heat exchange fluid needs to flow in the flow path channel, the controller issues an instruction to the piston motion servo motor, and the piston motion servo motor starts to work. When the magnet needs to rotate, the controller issues an instruction to the magnet motion servo motor, and the magnet servo motor starts to work.
In this embodiment, taking a 3-stage started serial magnetic refrigeration system as an example, the working flow of the serial magnetic refrigeration system started in stages is described in detail:
the first stage of the serial magnetic refrigeration system is started: the controller issues a command to open the first solenoid valve 19, and to close the second solenoid valve 20, the third solenoid valve 21, and the fourth solenoid valve 22. The curie temperature of the first magnetocaloric working substance 4 is close to the external ambient temperature, so that the first magnetocaloric working substance 4 can generate a magnetocaloric effect when the magnet excites and demagnetizes the first magnetocaloric working substance 4. The first magnet 8 excites the first magnetic heat regenerator 1, the temperature of the first magnetic heat working medium 4 rises, the controller drives the piston to move the servo motor 14 to work, the hydraulic piston pump 13 drives the piston 15 to move leftwards, heat exchange fluid exchanges heat with the first magnetic heat working medium 4 in the first magnetic heat regenerator 1 to absorb the heat of the first magnetic heat working medium 4, the temperature of the heat exchange fluid rises, the heat is transferred to the high-temperature end heat exchanger 11, and the heat is released to the outside by the high-temperature end heat exchanger 11.
Then, the first magnet 8 demagnetizes the first magnetic regenerator 1, the temperature of the first magnetic thermal working medium 4 is reduced, the controller drives the piston to move the servo motor 14 to work, the hydraulic piston pump 13 drives the piston 15 to move rightwards, the heat exchange fluid exchanges heat with the first magnetic thermal working medium 4 in the first magnetic regenerator 1 to absorb the cold energy of the first magnetic thermal working medium 4, the temperature of the heat exchange fluid is reduced, the cold energy is transferred to the low-temperature side heat exchanger 12, and the temperature of the low-temperature side heat exchanger 12 is reduced. When the first magnet excites and demagnetizes the first magnetic regenerator for multiple times, the temperature of the first magnetic heat material is close to the Curie temperature of the first magnetic heat material, the temperature of the low-temperature end heat exchanger is lower and lower, and finally the temperature of the low-temperature heat exchanger is lower than the Curie temperature of the second magnetic heat material.
And (3) starting a second stage of the serial magnetic refrigeration system: when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the low-temperature side heat exchanger 12 is lower than the Curie temperature of the second magnetocaloric working medium 5, the controller instructs the second electromagnetic valve 20 and the third electromagnetic valve 21 to open, and the first electromagnetic valve 19 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 22 to close.
The first magnet 8 excites the first magnetic heat regenerator 1 and the second magnet 9 excites the second magnetic heat regenerator 2 at the same time, the temperature of the first magnetic heat working medium 4 and the temperature of the second magnetic heat working medium 5 are both increased, the controller drives the piston to move the servo motor 14 to work, the hydraulic piston pump 13 drives the piston 15 to move leftwards, heat exchange fluid exchanges heat with the first magnetic working medium 4 and the second magnetic heat regenerator 2 and the second magnetic heat working medium 5 in the first magnetic heat regenerator 1 at the same time, heat of the first magnetic heat working medium 4 and the second magnetic heat working medium 5 is absorbed, the temperature of the heat exchange fluid is increased, the heat is transferred to the high-temperature end heat exchanger 11, and the heat is released to the outside by the high-temperature end heat exchanger 11.
Then, the first magnet 8 demagnetizes the first magnetic heat regenerator 1 and the second magnet 9 and the second magnetic heat regenerator 2 simultaneously, the temperature of the first magnetic heat working medium 4 and the temperature of the second magnetic heat working medium 5 are reduced, the controller drives the piston to move the servo motor 14 to work, the hydraulic piston pump 13 drives the piston 15 to move rightwards, the heat exchange fluid exchanges heat with the first magnetic working medium 4 and the second magnetic heat regenerator 2 and the second magnetic heat working medium 5 in the first magnetic heat regenerator 1 simultaneously, the cold energy of the first magnetic heat working medium 4 and the second magnetic heat working medium 5 is absorbed, the temperature of the heat exchange fluid is reduced, the cold energy is transferred to the low-temperature end heat exchanger 12, and the temperature of the low-temperature end heat exchanger 12 is reduced. When the first magnet 8 simultaneously excites and demagnetizes the first magnetic regenerator 1 and the second magnet 9 for multiple times, the temperature of the first magnetic heat working medium approaches the curie temperature of the first magnetic heat working medium, the temperature of the second magnetic heat working medium approaches the curie temperature of the second magnetic heat working medium, the temperature of the low-temperature end heat exchanger 12 is lower and lower, and finally the temperature of the low-temperature heat exchanger 12 is lower than the curie temperature of the third magnetic heat working medium 6.
Third stage starting of the serial magnetic refrigeration system: when the temperature sensor 23 detects that the temperature of the low temperature side heat exchanger 12 is lower than the curie temperature of the third magnetocaloric working medium 6, the controller instructs the second solenoid valve 20, the fourth solenoid valve 22 to open, and the first solenoid valve 19, the third solenoid valve 21 to close.
The first magnet 8 excites the first magnetic heat regenerator 1, the second magnet 9 excites the second magnetic heat regenerator 2 and the third magnet 10 excites the third magnetic heat regenerator 3 simultaneously, the temperature of the first magnetic heat working medium 4, the second magnetic heat working medium 5 and the third magnetic heat working medium 6 are all increased, the controller drives the piston to move the servo motor 14 to work, the hydraulic piston pump 13 drives the piston 15 to move leftwards, heat exchange fluid exchanges heat with the first magnetic heat working medium 4, the second magnetic heat regenerator 2, the second magnetic heat working medium 5 and the third magnetic heat regenerator 3 simultaneously with the third magnetic heat working medium 6 in the first magnetic heat regenerator 1, absorbs the heat of the first magnetic heat working medium 4, the second magnetic heat working medium 5 and the third magnetic heat working medium 6, the temperature of the heat exchange fluid is increased, the heat is transferred to the high-temperature end heat exchanger 11, and the heat is released to the outside by the high-temperature end heat exchanger 11.
Then, the first magnet 8 demagnetizes the first magnetic heat regenerator 1, the second magnet 9 demagnetizes the second magnetic heat regenerator 2 and the third magnet 10 synchronously, the temperatures of the first magnetic heat working medium 4, the second magnetic heat working medium 5 and the third magnetic heat working medium 6 are reduced, the controller drives the piston motion servo motor 14 to work, the hydraulic piston pump 13 drives the piston 15 to move rightwards, heat exchange fluid exchanges heat with the first magnetic working medium 4, the second magnetic heat regenerator 2, the second magnetic heat working medium 5 and the third magnetic heat regenerator 3 and the third magnetic heat working medium 6 in the first magnetic heat regenerator 1, absorbs the cold energy of the first magnetic heat working medium 4, the second magnetic heat working medium 5 and the third magnetic heat working medium 6, the temperature of the heat exchange fluid is reduced, the cold energy is transferred to the low-temperature end heat exchanger 12, and the temperature of the low-temperature end heat exchanger 12 is reduced. When the first magnet 8 carries out excitation and demagnetization on the first magnetic regenerator 1, the second magnet 9 carries out excitation and demagnetization on the second magnetic regenerator 2 and the third magnet 10 on the third magnetic regenerator 3 for multiple times, the temperature of the first magnetic heat working medium 4 is close to the Curie temperature of the first magnetic heat working medium, the temperature of the second magnetic heat working medium 5 is close to the Curie temperature of the second magnetic heat working medium, the temperature of the third magnetic heat working medium 6 is close to the Curie temperature of the third magnetic heat working medium, the magneto-thermal effects of the three magnetic heat working mediums are fully exerted, the temperature of the low-temperature end heat exchanger 12 is lower and lower, a larger temperature span is finally formed, and the serial magnetic refrigeration system is started in a grading way.
The serial magnetic refrigeration system provided by the invention is started in a grading way through the magnetic refrigeration system, the required larger temperature span is achieved by using fewer kinds of magnetic heat working media, the quantity of the magnetic heat working media materials is reduced, the filling layer number of the magnetic heat working media is reduced, the production process difficulty of the magnetic heat working media is reduced, the cost is saved, and the reliability is increased; in addition, when the difference of the Curie temperatures of the multi-layer magneto-caloric working medium is large, the magneto-caloric working medium layer with the large Curie temperature deviation from the ambient temperature can exert the magneto-caloric effect, generate cold energy and cannot serve as a heat capacity load.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, and other embodiments of the present invention as will occur to those skilled in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty, are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A serial magnetic refrigeration system, comprising: n magnets, with arbitrary n magnetism regenerators that the magnet corresponds the setting, set up solenoid valve, low temperature end heat exchanger, high temperature end heat exchanger and the hydraulic piston pump between adjacent magnetism regenerators, n is greater than 1's integer, wherein:
any one of the magnets is used for providing a controllable variable magnetic field;
any one of the magnetic regenerators comprises a shell and a magneto-caloric working medium, the shell is wrapped outside the magneto-caloric working medium, when one of the magnets excites the corresponding magneto-regenerator, the generated magnetic field excites the magneto-caloric working medium through the shell, and the temperature of the magneto-caloric working medium is increased; when one of the magnets demagnetizes the corresponding magnetic regenerator, the generated magnetic field demagnetizes the magnetocaloric working medium, and the temperature of the magnetocaloric working medium is reduced; the Curie temperatures of the magnetocaloric working media in each magnetic regenerator are different and are arranged in sequence according to the Curie temperatures;
the magnetic regenerators with the lowest curie temperature of the magnetic heat working medium in the n magnetic regenerators are connected with one end of the low-temperature end heat exchanger through flow path channels, the other magnetic regenerators are respectively connected with the low-temperature end heat exchanger through flow path channels, and the other end of the low-temperature end heat exchanger is connected with one end of the hydraulic piston pump through flow path channels;
the magnetic heat regenerators with the highest curie temperature of the magnetic heat working medium in the n magnetic heat regenerators are connected with one end of the high-temperature end heat exchanger through a flow path channel, and the other end of the high-temperature end heat exchanger is connected with the other end of the hydraulic piston pump through the flow path channel;
the piston in the hydraulic piston pump moves to drive heat exchange fluid in the magnetic refrigeration system to move, the magnet is a double-layer concentric nested magnet group, the double-layer concentric nested magnet group comprises an outer magnet group and an inner magnet group, the outer magnet group and the inner magnet group are hollow cylinders, the inner magnet group is arranged inside the hollow cylinders of the outer magnet group, the magnetic regenerator is arranged inside the hollow cylinders of the inner magnet group, the outer magnet group is fixed, the inner magnet group rotates around the central axis of the double-layer concentric nested magnet group, the outer magnet group is fixed, the inner magnet group rotates, a controllable variable magnetic field is formed in the hollow parts of the inner magnet group, and the magnetic regenerator can be excited and demagnetized.
2. The tandem magnetic refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein the magnet is a reciprocating magnet assembly.
3. The tandem magnetic refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein the number of magnetic regenerators is 3.
4. A serial magnetic refrigeration system as recited in claim 3 wherein said magnetocaloric media is Gd-based material, and/or MnFePAs-series compounds, and/or LaFeSi-based material.
5. The tandem magnetic refrigeration system of claim 1, further comprising a temperature sensor, said temperature sensor being proximate to said low temperature side heat exchanger.
6. The tandem magnetic refrigeration system of claim 5, further comprising a piston motion servo motor, said servo motor being coupled to said hydraulic piston pump, said servo motor being operable to drive movement of a piston in said hydraulic piston pump and thereby drive movement of a heat exchange fluid in the magnetic refrigeration system.
7. The tandem magnetic refrigeration system of claim 6, further comprising a magnet servo motor capable of driving said magnet into operation.
8. The tandem magnetic refrigeration system of claim 7, further comprising a controller connected to the piston motion servo motor, the solenoid valve, the temperature sensor, and the magnet servo motor, respectively, by data lines.
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| CN108413644A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-17 | 中科磁凌（北京）科技有限公司 | Magnetic refrigeration system of multistage magnetic heat regenerator |
| CN108679875A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-10-19 | 中科磁凌（北京）科技有限公司 | Room temperature magnetic refrigeration system with multiple refrigeration temperature areas |
| KR101954538B1 (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-03-05 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | A Refrigerator System Using Magnetocaloric Material |
| JP2020046079A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-26 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Magnetic field application device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR101954538B1 (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-03-05 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | A Refrigerator System Using Magnetocaloric Material |
| CN108413644A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-17 | 中科磁凌（北京）科技有限公司 | Magnetic refrigeration system of multistage magnetic heat regenerator |
| CN108679875A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-10-19 | 中科磁凌（北京）科技有限公司 | Room temperature magnetic refrigeration system with multiple refrigeration temperature areas |
| JP2020046079A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-26 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Magnetic field application device |
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