CN114262894B - Broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of radar infrared compatible stealth coatings, and particularly discloses a broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating, wherein the high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating is coated on the surface of a metal substrate and sequentially comprises a metal bonding layer, a first dielectric ceramic layer, a first high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layer, a second dielectric ceramic layer, a second high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layer, a dielectric isolation layer and a high-temperature infrared stealth layer from bottom to top from the surface of the metal substrate. According to the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating, by introducing the two layers of high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layers and the high-temperature infrared stealth layer, good broadband wave-absorbing performance and low infrared emissivity are realized, the Lei Dagong external compatible stealth performance is achieved, and meanwhile, the high-temperature resistant performance is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar infrared compatible stealth coatings, and particularly relates to a broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of modern high technology and the continuous improvement of various reconnaissance means levels, various novel detection systems and accurate guided weapons are sequentially introduced, and higher requirements are put on stealth performance of weaponry. At present, the single-function stealth material cannot meet the requirements, and the multiband compatible stealth material, in particular the radar and infrared compatible stealth material, is an important research object of the stealth material. The radar stealth material is required to have lower reflectivity in a radar wave band, and the infrared stealth material is required to have infrared high reflection characteristics, so that the contradiction brings great difficulty to the preparation of the radar and infrared compatible stealth material. Therefore, how to solve the contradiction between the two through material design is the key for realizing radar infrared compatible stealth. Meanwhile, with the improvement of the flight speed of weaponry and the new requirements on the tail-to-stealth performance of an aircraft, development of radar infrared compatible stealth materials with high temperature resistance is needed.
Compatible stealthThe coating is one of important materials for realizing radar and infrared stealth functions, and has the advantages of no change of structural design scheme and structural strength of equipment, convenient use and the like. The patent application No. 201710943403.3 discloses a radar and infrared compatible stealth coating capable of resisting 600 ℃ and a preparation method thereof, which sequentially comprises an adhesive layer and 8YSZ-Al 2 O 3 The reflectivity of the compatible stealth coating is basically lower than-5 dB at 8-18 GHz; the application number 201711498977. X Chinese patent discloses a high temperature resistant radar infrared compatible stealth coating and a preparation method thereof, wherein the coating is composed of a metal bonding layer, a ceramic wave absorbing layer, a chip resistor type high temperature electromagnetic periodic structure layer, a ceramic isolation layer and an infrared low emissivity frequency selective surface layer, and the reflectivity of the compatible stealth coating is lower than-4 dB at 9-18 GHz; the Chinese patent application No. 202110143442.1 discloses a functionally gradient distributed high-temperature radar infrared compatible stealth coating and a preparation method thereof, wherein the functionally gradient distributed high-temperature radar infrared compatible stealth coating comprises a metal bonding layer, a thermal matching ceramic layer, a dielectric ceramic layer, a first high-temperature electromagnetic periodic structure layer, a dielectric isolation layer, a second high-temperature electromagnetic periodic structure layer and an infrared stealth layer, and the reflectivity of the compatible stealth coating is lower than-7 dB at 9-18 GHz. The high-temperature radar infrared compatible stealth coating has good wave absorbing performance in a high-frequency (8-18 GHz) frequency band range, but has poor low-frequency wave absorbing performance. The invention provides a broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating based on a three-layer hybrid high-temperature electromagnetic cycle and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problems of poor temperature resistance, poor low-frequency wave-absorbing performance and the like of the existing stealth coating.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating and a preparation method thereof, thereby overcoming the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating, wherein the high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating is coated on the surface of a metal substrate, and sequentially comprises a metal bonding layer, a first dielectric ceramic layer, a first high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layer, a second dielectric ceramic layer, a second high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layer, a dielectric isolation layer and a high-temperature infrared stealth layer from bottom to top from the surface of the metal substrate.
Preferably, in the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating, the metal bonding layer is a NiCrAlY, coCrAlY or CoNiCrAlY coating, and the thickness is 0.03-0.10 mm.
Preferably, in the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating, the first dielectric ceramic layer, the second dielectric ceramic layer and the dielectric isolation layer are ZrO 2 -a MgO coating, said ZrO 2 The mass fraction of MgO in the MgO coating is 20% -25%; the thickness of the first dielectric ceramic layer is 0.4-0.6 mm, the thickness of the second dielectric ceramic layer is 0.4-0.6 mm, and the thickness of the dielectric isolation layer is 0.3-0.5 mm. ZrO (ZrO) 2 The MgO coating is a magnesia stabilized zirconia coating, with lower density and easier design of electrical properties than YSZ.
Preferably, in the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating, the first and second high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layers are in a patch array structure form, patch units of the patch array structure are square, the size of the periodic units is 4-8 mm, the thickness of the patch units is 3-10 μm, and the conductivity of the two layers of patch units is 10 3 ~10 4 S/m; the side length of the patch unit in the first high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layer is 0.7-0.9 times of that of the periodic unit, and the side length of the patch unit in the second high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layer is 0.5-0.7 times of that of the periodic unit.
Preferably, in the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating, the high-temperature infrared stealth layer is in a patch array structure, patch units of the patch array structure are square, the size of each periodic unit is 1-2 mm, the side length of each patch unit is 0.8-0.9 times of that of each periodic unit, the thickness of each patch unit is 3-20 μm, and the conductivity is greater than 10 6 S/m。
Preferably, in the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating, the first high-temperature radar absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layer and the second high-temperature radar absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layer are composed of a high-melting-point glass bonding phase and a conductive phase, the conductive phase is composed of a silver-palladium alloy and conductive ceramics, the mass fraction of palladium in the silver-palladium alloy is 10-30%, the weight fraction of the silver-palladium alloy is 1.8-2.5 parts, the weight fraction of the conductive ceramics is 0.5-1 part, the weight fraction of the high-melting-point glass is 0.2-0.4 part, and the conductive ceramics are lanthanum strontium manganate, lanthanum strontium ferrite or lanthanum strontium cobaltate.
Preferably, in the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating, the high-temperature infrared stealth layer is composed of a silver-palladium alloy conductive phase and a high-melting-point glass bonding phase; according to the weight portions of the raw materials, ag is 7.5-8.5 portions, pd is 1-2 portions, and the high-melting glass is 0.4-0.5 portion.
Preferably, in the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating, the high-melting glass is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of aluminum oxide, 2-6 parts of potassium oxide, 2-6 parts of zinc oxide, 1-3 parts of sodium oxide and 25-35 parts of silicon dioxide.
The preparation method of the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating comprises the following steps:
(1) Coarsening the surface of the metal substrate;
(2) Spraying a metal bonding layer on the roughened metal substrate surface in the step (1) by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying process;
(3) Spraying a first dielectric ceramic material on the surface of the metal bonding layer prepared in the step (2) by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying process to obtain a first dielectric ceramic layer;
(4) Printing a high-temperature coating I on the surface of the first dielectric ceramic layer obtained in the step (3) through a screen printing process, and drying and sintering to obtain a first high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layer;
(5) Spraying a second dielectric ceramic material on the surface of the first high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layer prepared in the step (4) by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying process to obtain a second dielectric ceramic layer;
(6) Printing a high-temperature coating II on the surface of the second dielectric ceramic layer obtained in the step (5) through a screen printing process, and drying and sintering to obtain a second high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layer;
(7) Spraying a medium isolation material on the surface of the second high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layer prepared in the step (6) by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying process to obtain a medium isolation layer;
(8) Printing a high-temperature coating III on the surface of the medium isolation layer obtained in the step (7) through a screen printing process, drying and sintering to obtain a high-temperature infrared stealth layer, and completing the preparation of the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating.
Preferably, in the method for preparing the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating, in the step (1), the roughening treatment is as follows: the metal substrate is placed in a sand blasting machine for sand blasting roughening treatment, and the sand blasting roughening technological parameters are as follows: the pressure is controlled to be 0.2-0.4 MPa, the sand blasting distance is 80-140 mm, and the sand particle size is 24-150 meshes;
in the step (2), the atmospheric plasma spraying process parameters are as follows: the flow rate of argon is 35-50L/min, the flow rate of hydrogen is 6-10L/min, the current is controlled to be 480-550A, the power is 30-40 kW, the flow rate of powder feeding argon is 1.0-3.0L/min, the powder feeding amount is 15-35%, and the spraying distance is 80-150 mm;
in the steps (3), (5) and (7), the parameters of the atmospheric plasma spraying process are as follows: controlling the flow rate of argon to be 25-45L/min, the flow rate of hydrogen to be 8-12L/min, the current to be 520-580A, the power to be 32-50 kW, the flow rate of powder feeding argon to be 3.0-4.5L/min, the powder feeding amount to be 20-35%, and the spraying distance to be 100-140 mm;
in the steps (4), (6) and (8), the dry sintering process parameters are as follows: the drying temperature is 150-200 ℃ and the drying time is 0.5-1 h; the sintering temperature is 850-950 ℃ and the sintering time is 30-60 min.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating, the preparation method of the high-temperature coating I or the high-temperature coating II comprises the following steps: smelting, water-cooling and ball-milling high-melting glass raw materials to obtain high-melting glass powder with the particle size of 1-3 mu m, and then adding the high-melting glass powder, silver-palladium alloy powder and conductive ceramic powder into a planetary gravity mixer according to a proportion to be uniformly mixed, wherein the particle size of the conductive ceramic powder is 0.2-0.4 mu m, and the particle size of the silver-palladium alloy powder is 0.2-0.4 mu m; then evenly mixing the mixture with an organic carrier, and grinding the mixture by adopting a three-roller grinder to obtain a high-temperature coating I or a high-temperature coating II;
the preparation method of the high-temperature coating III comprises the following steps: smelting, water-cooling and ball-milling high-melting glass raw materials to obtain high-melting glass powder with the particle size of 1-3 mu m, and then adding the high-melting glass powder, ag powder and Pd powder into a planetary gravity mixer according to the proportion to uniformly mix, wherein the particle sizes of the Ag powder and the Pd powder are 0.2-0.4 mu m; then evenly mixing the mixture with an organic carrier, and grinding the mixture by a three-roller grinder to obtain the high-temperature coating III;
the preparation method of the first and second dielectric ceramic materials or dielectric isolation materials comprises the following steps: adding deionized water, gum arabic powder and tri-ammonium citrate into magnesia stabilized zirconia powder in turn, uniformly mixing by a ball milling process to prepare slurry, and then treating by a spray drying process to obtain a spheroid spray coating material; the mass of deionized water accounts for 50-60% of the mass of the slurry, the mass of the gum arabic powder accounts for 1-4% of the mass of the slurry, and the mass of the tri-ammonium citrate accounts for 0.5-3% of the mass of the slurry; in the spray drying process, the outlet temperature is controlled to be 110-150 ℃, the inlet temperature is controlled to be 200-250 ℃, the feeding speed of slurry is controlled to be 2-4.5L/min, and the rotating speed of an atomizing disk is controlled to be 12000-25000 r/min.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating, the organic carrier is composed of, by mass, 80-85% of tributyl citrate, 2-5% of nitrocellulose and 10-15% of lecithin.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating, by introducing the two layers of high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layers and the high-temperature infrared stealth layer, good broadband wave-absorbing performance and low infrared emissivity are realized, the Lei Dagong external compatible stealth performance is achieved, and meanwhile, the high-temperature resistant performance is achieved.
2. According to the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating, the periodic structure parameters and the electrical performance parameters of the two high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layers and the high-temperature infrared stealth layer are adjusted and controlled to be matched with the dielectric properties of the first dielectric ceramic layer, the second dielectric ceramic layer and the dielectric isolation layer, so that good broadband wave-absorbing performance and low-frequency radar wave-absorbing performance are achieved, the wave-absorbing frequency band is expanded to 4GHz, and meanwhile, the coating has Lei Dagong external compatible stealth performance by utilizing the frequency selective characteristic of the high-temperature infrared stealth layer; can also resist the high temperature above 700 ℃ and has stable stealth performance at high temperature.
3. The broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating adopts ZrO as the first and second dielectric ceramic layers and the dielectric isolation layer 2 The MgO coating, the magnesia stabilized zirconia has lower density than YSZ, wider adjustable range of dielectric property, easier design of electrical property, larger design space of stealth property, good toughness, excellent thermal shock resistance and the like.
4. In the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating, the first and second dielectric ceramic layers and the dielectric isolation layer are prepared by adopting a plasma spraying process, so that the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating has the advantages of high deposition efficiency, good thermal shock resistance, good reliability and the like; the high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layer and the infrared stealth coating are prepared by adopting a screen printing process, and the method has the advantages of simple process, low cost and stable coating performance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a photograph of a broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating template prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a photomicrograph of an infrared stealth layer in a broadband wave-absorbing high temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the reflectance of the broadband wave-absorbing high temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating prepared in example 1 of the present invention at room temperature, 500 ℃, 600 ℃, 700 ℃.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is, but it should be understood that the invention is not limited to specific embodiments.
Example 1
A broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating is coated on the surface of a metal substrate, and sequentially comprises a metal bonding layer, a first dielectric ceramic layer, a first high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layer, a second dielectric ceramic layer, a second high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layer, a dielectric isolation layer and a high-temperature infrared stealth layer from bottom to top from the surface of the metal substrate. The metal bonding layer is a CoNiCrAlY coating with the thickness of 0.08mm. The first dielectric ceramic layer, the second dielectric ceramic layer and the dielectric isolation layer are ZrO 2 -MgO coating, wherein the mass fraction of MgO in the first dielectric ceramic layer, the second dielectric ceramic layer and the dielectric isolation layer is 24%; the thickness of the first dielectric ceramic layer is 0.58mm, the thickness of the second dielectric ceramic layer is 0.52mm, and the thickness of the dielectric isolation layer is 0.4mm. The first high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layer and the second high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layer are in a patch array structure, patch units of the patch array structure are square, and the size of each periodic unit is 7mm; the side length of the patch unit of the first high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layer is 0.8 times of the periodic unit, and the conductivity of the patch unit is 6.0x10 3 S/m; the side length of the patch unit of the second high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layer is 0.65 times of the periodic unit, and the conductivity of the patch unit is 5.0x10 3 S/m. The high temperature infrared stealth layer is in a patch array structure, patch units of the patch array structure are square, the size of a periodic unit is 1.5mm, the side length of each patch unit is 0.85 of the periodic unit, and the conductivity is 3.0x10 6 S/m。
The first high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layer consists of a high-melting point glass bonding phase, silver-palladium alloy and a strontium lanthanum manganate conductive phase, wherein the silver-palladium alloy is 2.3 parts, the strontium lanthanum manganate is 0.6 part, the high-melting point glass is 0.3 part, and the mass fraction of palladium in the silver-palladium alloy is 20%. The second high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layer consists of a high-melting point glass bonding phase, silver-palladium alloy and a strontium lanthanum manganate conductive phase, wherein the silver-palladium alloy is 2.0 parts, the strontium lanthanum manganate is 0.8 part, the high-melting point glass is 0.3 part, and the mass fraction of palladium in the silver-palladium alloy is 20%. The high-melting-point glass consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 17 parts of aluminum oxide, 3 parts of potassium oxide, 4 parts of zinc oxide, 2 parts of sodium oxide and 32 parts of silicon dioxide.
The high-temperature infrared stealth layer consists of a silver palladium alloy conductive phase and a high-melting point glass bonding phase; according to the weight parts of raw materials, ag is 8 parts, pd is 1.2 parts, and high-melting glass is 0.45 part. The high-melting-point glass consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of aluminum oxide, 3 parts of potassium oxide, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 1.5 parts of sodium oxide and 32 parts of silicon dioxide.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The metal substrate is placed in a sand blasting machine for sand blasting roughening treatment, and the sand blasting roughening technological parameters are as follows: the pressure is controlled to be 0.3MPa, the sand blasting distance is 100mm, and the grain diameter of sand is 30-60 meshes;
(2) Spraying a layer of CoNiCrAlY coating on the roughened metal substrate surface in the step (1) by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying process; the atmospheric plasma spraying process parameters are as follows: argon flow is 38L/min, hydrogen flow is 8L/min, current is controlled to be 520A, power is 38kW, powder feeding argon flow is 2.0L/min, powder feeding amount is 20%, and spraying distance is 130mm;
(3) Spraying a first dielectric ceramic material on the surface of the metal bonding layer prepared in the step (2) by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying process to obtain a first dielectric ceramic layer; the atmospheric plasma spraying process parameters are as follows: controlling the flow of argon to be 35L/min, the flow of hydrogen to be 10L/min, the current to be 550A, the power to be 40kW, the flow of powder feeding argon to be 3.5L/min, the powder feeding amount to be 25%, and the spraying distance to be 120mm;
(4) Printing a high-temperature coating I on the surface of the first dielectric ceramic layer obtained in the step (3) through a screen printing process, drying for 1h at 150 ℃, and then sintering for 40min at 900 ℃ to obtain a first high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layer;
(5) Spraying a second dielectric ceramic material on the surface of the first high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layer prepared in the step (4) by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying process to obtain a second dielectric ceramic layer; the atmospheric plasma spraying process parameters are as follows: controlling the flow rate of argon to be 35L/min, the flow rate of hydrogen to be 9L/min, the current to be 550A, the power to be 38kW, the flow rate of powder feeding argon to be 3.5L/min, the powder feeding amount to be 25%, and the spraying distance to be 130mm;
(6) Printing a high-temperature coating II on the surface of the second dielectric ceramic layer obtained in the step (5) through a screen printing process, drying for 1h at 150 ℃, and then sintering for 40min at 900 ℃ to obtain a second high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layer;
(7) Spraying a medium isolation material on the surface of the second high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layer prepared in the step (6) by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying process to obtain a medium isolation layer; the atmospheric plasma spraying process parameters are as follows: controlling the flow rate of argon to be 35L/min, the flow rate of hydrogen to be 9L/min, the current to be 550A, the power to be 38kW, the flow rate of powder feeding argon to be 3.5L/min, the powder feeding amount to be 25%, and the spraying distance to be 110mm;
(8) Printing a high-temperature coating III on the surface of the medium isolation layer obtained in the step (7) through a screen printing process, drying for 1h at 150 ℃, and then sintering for 30min at 950 ℃ to obtain a high-temperature infrared stealth layer, thereby completing the preparation of the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating.
The preparation method of the high-temperature coating I or the high-temperature coating II comprises the following steps: weighing high-melting-point glass raw materials according to a proportion, smelting, water-cooling and ball-milling the high-melting-point glass raw materials at 1400 ℃ to obtain high-melting-point glass powder with the particle size of 1-3 mu m, and then adding the high-melting-point glass powder, silver-palladium alloy powder and strontium manganate lanthanum powder into a planetary gravity mixer according to the proportion for uniform mixing, wherein the particle size of the strontium manganate lanthanum powder is 0.2-0.4 mu m, and the particle size of the silver-palladium alloy powder is 0.2-0.4 mu m; and then uniformly mixing the mixture with an organic carrier, and grinding the mixture by adopting a three-roller grinder to obtain the high-temperature coating I or the high-temperature coating II. The organic carrier consists of tributyl citrate with the mass fraction of 82%, nitrocellulose with the mass fraction of 4% and lecithin with the mass fraction of 14%.
The preparation method of the high-temperature coating III comprises the following steps: weighing high-melting-point glass raw materials according to a proportion, smelting, water-cooling and ball-milling the high-melting-point glass raw materials to obtain high-melting-point glass powder with the particle size of 1-3 mu m, and then adding the high-melting-point glass powder, ag powder and Pd powder into a planetary gravity mixer according to the proportion to uniformly mix, wherein the particle sizes of the Ag powder and the Pd powder are 0.2-0.4 mu m; and then uniformly mixing the mixture with an organic carrier, and grinding the mixture by adopting a three-roller grinder to obtain the high-temperature coating III. The organic carrier consists of tributyl citrate with the mass fraction of 82%, nitrocellulose with the mass fraction of 4% and lecithin with the mass fraction of 14%.
The first and second dielectric ceramic materials and dielectric isolation materials are the same, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding deionized water, gum arabic powder and tri-ammonium citrate into magnesia stabilized zirconia powder in turn, uniformly mixing by a ball milling process to prepare slurry, and then treating by a spray drying process to obtain a spheroid spray coating material; the mass of deionized water accounts for 55% of the mass of the slurry, the mass of the gum arabic powder accounts for 2.0% of the mass of the slurry, and the mass of the tri-ammonium citrate accounts for 1.2% of the mass of the slurry; in the spray drying process, the outlet temperature is controlled to be 130 ℃, the inlet temperature is controlled to be 220 ℃, the feeding speed of slurry is 3.2L/min, and the rotating speed of an atomizing disc is 18000r/min.
The sample plate photograph of the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating prepared in the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and fig. 2 is a photomicrograph of a high-temperature infrared stealth layer in the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating. Fig. 3 shows the reflectivity curves of the coating at room temperature, 500 ℃, 600 ℃ and 700 ℃, and it can be seen from the graph that the reflectivity of the coating of the embodiment is lower than-2 dB at 4GHz, the reflectivity of the coating of 4.5-10 GHz is basically lower than-4 dB, the coating has better broadband and low-frequency wave absorption performance, the reflectivity curves at all temperatures are basically consistent, and the wave absorption performance at high temperature is stable. The prepared coating has high-temperature infrared emissivity of 0.25 at a wave band of 3-5 mu m, bonding strength of 9.2MPa, and the coating is complete and has no cracking and falling phenomenon after air cooling 300 times at 900 ℃ of thermal shock resistance.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating is coated on the surface of a metal substrate and is characterized by sequentially comprising a metal bonding layer, a first dielectric ceramic layer, a first high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layer, a second dielectric ceramic layer, a second high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layer, a dielectric isolation layer and a high-temperature infrared stealth layer from bottom to top from the surface of the metal substrate; the first dielectric ceramic layer, the second dielectric ceramic layer and the dielectric isolation layer are ZrO 2 -a MgO coating, said ZrO 2 The mass fraction of MgO in the MgO coating is 20% -25%; the thickness of the first dielectric ceramic layer is 0.4-0.6 mm, the thickness of the second dielectric ceramic layer is 0.4-0.6 mm, and the thickness of the dielectric isolation layer is 0.3-0.5 mm;
the first high-temperature radar absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layer and the second high-temperature radar absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layer are composed of a high-melting glass bonding phase and a conductive phase, the conductive phase is composed of silver-palladium alloy and conductive ceramic, the mass fraction of palladium in the silver-palladium alloy is 10-30%, the silver-palladium alloy is 1.8-2.5 parts by weight, the conductive ceramic is 0.5-1 part by weight, the high-melting glass is 0.2-0.4 part by weight, and the conductive ceramic is lanthanum strontium manganate, lanthanum strontium ferrite or lanthanum strontium cobaltate;
the high-temperature infrared stealth layer consists of a silver-palladium alloy conductive phase and a high-melting-point glass bonding phase; according to the weight portions of the raw materials, ag is 7.5-8.5 portions, pd is 1-2 portions, and the high-melting glass is 0.4-0.5 portion.
2. The broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating according to claim 1, wherein the first and second high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layers are in a patch array structure, patch units of the patch array structure are square, the size of each periodic unit is 4-8 mm, the thickness of each patch unit is 3-10 μm, and the conductivity of each two-layer patch unit is 10 3 ~10 4 S/m; in the first high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layerThe side length of the patch unit is 0.7-0.9 times of that of the periodic unit, and the side length of the patch unit of the second high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layer is 0.5-0.7 times of that of the periodic unit.
3. The broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating according to claim 1, wherein the high-temperature infrared stealth layer is in a patch array structure, patch units of the patch array structure are square, periodic units are 1-2 mm in size, the side length of each patch unit is 0.8-0.9 times of that of each periodic unit, the thickness of each patch unit is 3-20 μm, and the conductivity is greater than 10 6 S/m。
4. The broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating according to claim 1, wherein the high-melting glass comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of aluminum oxide, 2-6 parts of potassium oxide, 2-6 parts of zinc oxide, 1-3 parts of sodium oxide and 25-35 parts of silicon dioxide.
5. A method for preparing the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
(1) Coarsening the surface of the metal substrate;
(2) Spraying a metal bonding layer on the roughened metal substrate surface in the step (1) by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying process;
(3) Spraying a first dielectric ceramic material on the surface of the metal bonding layer prepared in the step (2) by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying process to obtain a first dielectric ceramic layer;
(4) Printing a high-temperature coating I on the surface of the first dielectric ceramic layer obtained in the step (3) through a screen printing process, and drying and sintering to obtain a first high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layer;
(5) Spraying a second dielectric ceramic material on the surface of the first high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layer prepared in the step (4) by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying process to obtain a second dielectric ceramic layer;
(6) Printing a high-temperature coating II on the surface of the second dielectric ceramic layer obtained in the step (5) through a screen printing process, and drying and sintering to obtain a second high-temperature radar absorption type electromagnetic periodic structure layer;
(7) Spraying a medium isolation material on the surface of the second high-temperature radar-absorbing electromagnetic periodic structure layer prepared in the step (6) by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying process to obtain a medium isolation layer;
(8) Printing a high-temperature coating III on the surface of the medium isolation layer obtained in the step (7) through a screen printing process, drying and sintering to obtain a high-temperature infrared stealth layer, and completing preparation of the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating;
the preparation method of the high-temperature coating I or the high-temperature coating II comprises the following steps: smelting, water-cooling and ball-milling high-melting glass raw materials to obtain high-melting glass powder with the particle size of 1-3 mu m, and then adding the high-melting glass powder, silver-palladium alloy powder and conductive ceramic powder into a planetary gravity mixer according to a proportion to be uniformly mixed, wherein the particle size of the conductive ceramic powder is 0.2-0.4 mu m, and the particle size of the silver-palladium alloy powder is 0.2-0.4 mu m; then evenly mixing the mixture with an organic carrier, and grinding the mixture by adopting a three-roller grinder to obtain a high-temperature coating I or a high-temperature coating II;
the preparation method of the high-temperature coating III comprises the following steps: smelting, water-cooling and ball-milling high-melting glass raw materials to obtain high-melting glass powder with the particle size of 1-3 mu m, and then adding the high-melting glass powder, ag powder and Pd powder into a planetary gravity mixer according to the proportion to uniformly mix, wherein the particle sizes of the Ag powder and the Pd powder are 0.2-0.4 mu m; and then evenly mixing the mixture with an organic carrier, and grinding the mixture by adopting a three-roller grinder to obtain the high-temperature coating III.
6. The method for preparing the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating according to claim 5, wherein the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
in the step (1), the roughening treatment is as follows: the metal substrate is placed in a sand blasting machine for sand blasting roughening treatment, and the sand blasting roughening technological parameters are as follows: the pressure is controlled to be 0.2-0.4 MPa, the sand blasting distance is 80-140 mm, and the sand particle size is 24-150 meshes;
in the step (2), the atmospheric plasma spraying process parameters are as follows: the flow rate of argon is 35-50L/min, the flow rate of hydrogen is 6-10L/min, the current is controlled to be 480-550A, the power is 30-40 kW, the flow rate of powder feeding argon is 1.0-3.0L/min, the powder feeding amount is 15-35%, and the spraying distance is 80-150 mm;
in the steps (3), (5) and (7), the parameters of the atmospheric plasma spraying process are as follows: controlling the flow rate of argon to be 25-45L/min, the flow rate of hydrogen to be 8-12L/min, the current to be 520-580A, the power to be 32-50 kW, the flow rate of powder feeding argon to be 3.0-4.5L/min, the powder feeding amount to be 20-35%, and the spraying distance to be 100-140 mm;
in the steps (4), (6) and (8), the dry sintering process parameters are as follows: the drying temperature is 150-200 ℃ and the drying time is 0.5-1 h; the sintering temperature is 850-950 ℃ and the sintering time is 30-60 min.
7. The method for preparing the broadband wave-absorbing high-temperature radar and infrared compatible stealth coating according to claim 5, wherein the method for preparing the first and second dielectric ceramic materials or the dielectric isolation material is as follows: adding deionized water, gum arabic powder and tri-ammonium citrate into magnesia stabilized zirconia powder in turn, uniformly mixing by a ball milling process to prepare slurry, and then treating by a spray drying process to obtain a spheroid spray coating material; the mass of deionized water accounts for 50-60% of the mass of the slurry, the mass of the gum arabic powder accounts for 1-4% of the mass of the slurry, and the mass of the tri-ammonium citrate accounts for 0.5-3% of the mass of the slurry; in the spray drying process, the outlet temperature is controlled to be 110-150 ℃, the inlet temperature is controlled to be 200-250 ℃, the feeding speed of slurry is controlled to be 2-4.5L/min, and the rotating speed of an atomizing disk is controlled to be 12000-25000 r/min.
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| CN112230321A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-15 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | High-temperature-resistant spectrally selective infrared stealth coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN112961531A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-15 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | High-temperature radar infrared compatible stealth coating with functionally gradient distribution and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112230321A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-15 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | High-temperature-resistant spectrally selective infrared stealth coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN112961531A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-15 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | High-temperature radar infrared compatible stealth coating with functionally gradient distribution and preparation method thereof |
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