CN114260299B - Harmless treatment method of secondary aluminum ash - Google Patents
Harmless treatment method of secondary aluminum ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN114260299B CN114260299B CN202111563162.2A CN202111563162A CN114260299B CN 114260299 B CN114260299 B CN 114260299B CN 202111563162 A CN202111563162 A CN 202111563162A CN 114260299 B CN114260299 B CN 114260299B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum ash treatment equipment, and aims to solve the problems that the separation efficiency of a metal aluminum sheet in the existing aluminum ash is low, the metal aluminum sheet cannot be independently collected, and the treatment efficiency of the aluminum ash is reduced due to excessive or too small addition amount when multiple reactants are sequentially added into the aluminum ash, in particular to a secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method; according to the invention, the stirring assembly and the feeding assembly are arranged, so that the metal aluminum sheet doped in the aluminum ash is effectively removed, the automatic recovery of the metal aluminum sheet is realized, the aluminum ash is uniformly dispersed under the action of centrifugal force, the accumulation of the aluminum ash is reduced, and the subsequent reaction efficiency is improved; through setting up the mechanism that adds, can add the reactant according to the required right amount of ratio, ration, impel liquid and aluminium ash abundant reaction to promote the quality of aluminium ash reaction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum ash treatment equipment, in particular to a harmless treatment method of secondary aluminum ash.
Background
The secondary aluminum ash is a solid substance containing metal aluminum and other components, which is generated in the production, use and recovery processes of electrolytic aluminum, cast aluminum or other aluminum industries, and the like, wherein the general components comprise metal aluminum, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon dioxide, magnesium oxide, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, a small amount of fluoride and cyanide, and the like;
because the aluminum ash is produced during aluminum smelting, some metallic aluminum sheets are mixed in the aluminum ash during production, and therefore, the aluminum ash needs to be separated from the metallic aluminum sheets mixed in the aluminum ash during secondary production treatment and use, so that the purity of the aluminum ash is improved, the existing method has low separation efficiency of the metallic aluminum sheets in the aluminum ash, the screened metallic aluminum sheets mostly stay on the surface of a mesh screen, and cannot be independently collected, and the accumulation of the metallic aluminum sheets can influence the filtration and discharge of the aluminum ash if the aluminum ash grows long; in addition, a plurality of reactants are required to be sequentially added into the purified aluminum ash for reaction, and the reactants are also required to be properly added according to the specific gravity of the aluminum ash so as to avoid the situation that the reaction of the aluminum ash is excessive or insufficient and reduce the treatment efficiency of the aluminum ash.
In view of the above technical drawbacks, a solution is proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a harmless treatment method of secondary aluminum ash, which not only effectively removes metal aluminum sheets doped in aluminum ash and realizes automatic recovery of the metal aluminum sheets by arranging a stirring component and a feeding component, but also uniformly disperses the aluminum ash to the inside of a tank body under the action of centrifugal force, reduces the accumulation of the aluminum ash at one position and improves the subsequent reaction efficiency; through setting up the mechanism that adds, can add the reactant according to the required right amount of ratio, ration, impel liquid and aluminium ash abundant reaction to promote the quality of aluminium ash reaction.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the harmless treatment method of the secondary aluminum ash specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, pouring a certain amount of aluminum ash into a tank body from a feed inlet in a harmless treatment device, accumulating most of the aluminum ash at the upper end of a supporting plate, allowing a small amount of the aluminum ash to slide down along the inclined planes at the left side and the right side of the supporting plate, allowing the supporting plate to sink and approach two groups of guide plates under the gravity of the accumulated aluminum ash, allowing a vertical rod to sink along with the supporting plate and extrude a spring part, allowing a top plate to move downwards away from the two groups of guide plates, and then starting a motor;
step two, when the motor is started, the rotating shaft and the stirring rod can be driven to rotate, meanwhile, the stirring plate drives the vertical rod and the supporting plate to synchronously rotate, aluminum ash accumulated at the upper end of the supporting plate is uniformly scattered and sprinkled to the upper ends of the material guide plates on two sides under the action of centrifugal force, the aluminum ash passes through the filtering and screening of the sieve plate, the metal aluminum sheet stays at the upper end of the sieve plate, and fine aluminum ash can fall into the tank body through the meshes of the sieve plate, along with the uniform falling of the aluminum ash at the upper end of the supporting plate, the weight borne by the surface of the supporting plate is reduced, and rebounding is carried out under the action of the spring piece, until the aluminum ash is completely scattered from the surface of the supporting plate, the supporting plate can be completely returned to the original position, due to the inertia effect, the spring piece rebounding up and down in a short time, the top plate is enabled to move up and down and contact with the lower end of the material guide plate, so that the material guide plates are slightly vibrated, the metal aluminum sheet staying on the surface of the sieve plate falls into the annular groove at the upper end of the top plate, so as to be automatically collected, thereby effectively removing the metal aluminum ash doped in the aluminum sheet, realizing the automatic recovery of the metal sheet, and uniformly dispersing of the aluminum ash in the tank body, and improving the subsequent reaction efficiency;
step three, after the aluminum ash without metal content enters the tank body through filtration, a feeding mechanism is synchronously started, the first fixed cylinder and the second fixed cylinder are respectively used for feeding a catalyst and water, quantitative water is firstly fed into the tank body according to a treatment sequence, when liquid water is fed, a rotating rod of the second fixed cylinder can be clockwise rotated to ninety degrees, the adjusting ball rotates along with the rotating rod until the hollow hole surface of the adjusting ball rotates to be attached to the inner wall of the front end of the second fixed cylinder, a water inlet valve is opened, water in the water flows into the second fixed cylinder through a pipeline and then flows into the tank body through the hollow holes and a liquid outlet, if the deflection angle of the hollow hole surface of the adjusting ball is increased, the exposed area of the hollow holes is gradually increased, the shielding area of the paste is gradually reduced, so that the water amount discharged through the hollow holes is increased, the required discharged water amount can be automatically adjusted according to the requirement, the water flows into the tank body to be fused with the aluminum ash, and then is formed through the stirring of the stirring rod, and the weight percentage of the paste is 40%;
step four, opening a reagent feeding valve by using the same principle of the step three, rotating an adjusting ball in a first fixing cylinder to a deflection angle same with that of a second fixing cylinder, allowing a sodium amino acid solution to react through a hollowed hole and the inside of a liquid outlet, allowing the hollowed hole diameter of the adjusting ball in the first fixing cylinder to be half of that of the adjusting ball in the second fixing cylinder, allowing the dosage of the amino acid sodium solution added in the first fixing cylinder to be one fourth of the water amount under the same flow time, allowing the amino acid sodium solution to react after the amino acid sodium solution is added for 10min-2h, allowing ammonia generated by catalytic decomposition and deamination to be pushed into an ammonia absorption tower through smoke pipes on two sides of a tank body for collection, adding dilute sulfuric acid into ammonia in the absorption tower, allowing the ammonia and the dilute sulfuric acid to react to generate an ammonium sulfate solution, and completing the catalytic deamination step;
step five, adding a sodium hydroxide solution into the paste left after the catalytic deamination reaction inside the tank body, uniformly stirring the paste by using a stirring rod, processing and forming to obtain dispersed particles with irregular shapes, and discharging the particles through a discharge port so as to calcine the particles;
and step six, adding water into the calcined particles for dissolution, wherein the dissolution step is carried out in a ball mill, a ball milling and dissolution mode is adopted, solid-liquid separation can be carried out after the dissolution reaction is finished, so as to generate filtrate and high-aluminum solid material, the filtrate can be evaporated to obtain crystal particles, and the high-aluminum solid material can be used as a material of a production process.
Further, the harmless treatment device comprises a tank body, a feed inlet is formed in the center of the outer surface of the upper end of the tank body, discharge outlets are formed in the positions, close to the left side and the right side, of the outer surface of the lower end of the tank body, smoke exhaust pipes are fixedly arranged in the middle of the two sides of the inner surface of the tank body, guide plates are symmetrically arranged in the positions, close to the upper end, of the two sides of the inner surface of the tank body, a stirring assembly is arranged at the lower end of the inner part of the tank body, and an adding mechanism is arranged in the position, close to the upper end, of the outer surface of the right side of the tank body;
the stirring assembly comprises a motor, a rotating shaft and a stirring rod, the motor is fixedly arranged at the center of the lower end of the tank body, the rotating shaft is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the motor, the stirring rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft, the stirring rod penetrates through the tank body, the interior of the stirring rod is designed to be a hollow structure, and a feeding assembly is arranged at the upper end of the stirring rod;
the feeding assembly comprises a supporting plate, an upright rod, a spring part and a top plate, wherein one half of the lower end of the upright rod is inserted into the stirring rod, the spring part is fixedly connected between the upright rod and the inner surface of the stirring rod, the supporting plate is fixedly arranged at the upper end position of the upright rod and is positioned at the upper end positions of the left and right material guide plates, the outer surfaces of the two sides of the supporting plate are designed into a symmetrical inclined structure, the top plate is fixedly arranged at the middle section position of the outer part of the upright rod, the top plate is in a disc structure and is positioned at the lower end positions of the two material guide plates, and the outer surface of the upper end of the top plate is provided with a ring groove;
the adding mechanism comprises a first fixed cylinder, a second fixed cylinder, a feeding valve and a water inlet valve, wherein the first fixed cylinder and the second fixed cylinder are transversely fixedly mounted at the lower end of the tank body, the first fixed cylinder is located at the upper end of the second fixed cylinder, the left side positions of the first fixed cylinder and the second fixed cylinder penetrate through the tank body, liquid outlets are formed in the left side positions of the outer surfaces of the lower ends of the first fixed cylinder and the second fixed cylinder, the feeding valve is fixedly connected to the right side position of the first fixed cylinder through a pipeline, and the water inlet valve is fixedly connected to the right side position of the second fixed cylinder through a pipeline.
Further, the stock guide is the slope structure, and its plate body that is close to the lower extreme position is bending structure and handles, the intermediate position of stock guide upper end surface embeds and is provided with the sieve, and relative about the inclined plane of inclined plane and the inclined plane of layer board of sieve.
Furthermore, the length of the first fixed cylinder is greater than that of the second fixed cylinder, the liquid outlet of the first fixed cylinder is located at the left side of the upper end of the liquid outlet of the second fixed cylinder, and the upper liquid outlet and the lower liquid outlet are staggered.
Further, the inside right side position of being close to of a fixed section of thick bamboo one and a fixed section of thick bamboo two is all rotated and is connected with the regulation ball, regulation ball right side position is hollow out construction design, and the area of its fretwork is fan-shaped structure, and the lower extreme adjusts ball fretwork hole internal diameter and is four of upper end regulation ball fretwork hole internal diameter, and is two sets of from top to bottom the facade of regulation ball all is provided with the bull stick, and the bull stick is T shape structural design, and is two sets of from top to bottom the bull stick runs through the lower extreme of a fixed section of thick bamboo one and the upper end of a fixed section of thick bamboo two respectively, and is two sets of from top to bottom connect through the dead lever between the bull stick, and the upper and lower ends of dead lever rotate respectively and connect the inside at two sets of upper and lower bull sticks.
Furthermore, the positions of the upper fixed point and the lower fixed point of the adjusting ball are respectively clamped in arc-shaped grooves which are formed in the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall of the fixed cylinder and are matched with the upper end and the lower end of the adjusting ball.
Furthermore, the inner surfaces of the first fixed cylinder and the second fixed cylinder are designed to be inclined planes close to the lower end from the adjusting ball to the liquid outlet.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the stirring assembly and the feeding assembly are arranged, so that the metal aluminum sheet doped in the aluminum ash is effectively removed, the metal aluminum sheet is automatically recovered, meanwhile, the aluminum ash is uniformly dispersed to the inside of the tank body under the action of centrifugal force, the accumulation of the aluminum ash at one position is reduced, and the subsequent reaction efficiency is improved;
2. according to the invention, by arranging the adding mechanism, a proper amount of reactant can be quantitatively added according to the proportion requirement, so that the liquid and the aluminum ash are promoted to fully react, and the reaction quality of the aluminum ash is improved.
Drawings
In order to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings;
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the feed assembly of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the canister body in combination with an addition mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top cross-sectional view of a first stationary cylinder and a second stationary cylinder of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a in fig. 4 in the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a tank body; 11. a feed inlet; 12. a discharge port; 13. a smoke exhaust pipe; 2. a material guide plate; 21. a sieve plate; 3. a stirring assembly; 31. a motor; 32. a rotating shaft; 33. a stirring rod; 4. a feeding assembly; 41. a pallet; 42. erecting a rod; 43. a spring member; 44. a top tray; 45. a ring groove; 5. an adding mechanism; 51. a first fixed cylinder; 52. a second fixed cylinder; 521. a liquid outlet; 53. a feeding valve; 54. a water inlet valve; 6. adjusting the ball; 7. a rotating rod; 8. and (5) fixing the rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1-6, the method for harmless treatment of secondary aluminum ash residue provided by the present invention is attached to a harmless treatment device, comprising a tank 1, wherein a feed inlet 11 is provided at the center position of the outer surface of the upper end of the tank 1, discharge outlets 12 are provided at the positions of the outer surface of the lower end of the tank 1 near the left and right sides, smoke exhaust pipes 13 are fixedly provided at the middle positions of the two sides of the inner surface of the tank 1, material guide plates 2 are symmetrically provided at the positions of the two sides of the inner surface of the tank 1 near the upper end, the material guide plates 2 are in an inclined structure, the plate body near the lower end is treated in a bending structure, a sieve plate 21 is embedded in the middle position of the outer surface of the upper end of the material guide plates 2, the inclined surface of the sieve plate 21 is opposite to the inclined surface of a support plate 41 in the left and right direction, a stirring assembly 3 is provided at the lower end of the inside of the tank 1, and an adding mechanism 5 is provided at the position of the outer surface of the right side of the tank 1 near the upper end;
the stirring assembly 3 comprises a motor 31, a rotating shaft 32 and a stirring rod 33, the motor 31 is fixedly arranged at the central position of the lower end of the tank body 1, the rotating shaft 32 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the motor 31, the stirring rod 33 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft 32, the stirring rod 33 penetrates through the tank body 1, the motor 31 drives the rotating shaft 32 and the stirring rod 33 to rotate, the stirring rod 33 is used for uniformly stirring aluminum ash, the interior of the stirring rod 33 is designed to be a hollow structure, and the feeding assembly 4 is arranged at the upper end of the stirring rod 33;
the feeding assembly 4 comprises a supporting plate 41, an upright rod 42, a spring piece 43 and a top plate 44, one half of the lower end of the upright rod 42 is inserted into the stirring rod 33, the spring piece 43 is fixedly connected between the upright rod 42 and the inner surface of the stirring rod 33, the supporting plate 41 is fixedly arranged at the upper end position of the upright rod 42 and is positioned at the upper end positions of the left and right material guide plates 2, the outer surfaces of two sides of the supporting plate 41 are designed into a symmetrical inclined structure, the top plate 44 is fixedly arranged at the middle section position of the outer part of the upright rod 42, the top plate 44 is in a disc structure and is positioned at the lower end positions of the two material guide plates 2, and the outer surface of the upper end of the top plate 44 is provided with a ring groove 45;
when the device works, a certain amount of aluminum ash containing metallic aluminum is poured into the tank body 1 from the feeding hole 11, most of the aluminum ash is accumulated at the upper end of the supporting plate 41, a small amount of aluminum ash slides downwards along the inclined planes at the left side and the right side of the supporting plate 41, the supporting plate 41 sinks and approaches to the two sets of material guiding plates 2 due to the gravity of the accumulated aluminum ash, the upright rod 42 sinks along with the supporting plate 41 and extrudes the spring piece 43, at this time, the top plate 44 moves downwards away from the two sets of material guiding plates 2, the motor 31 is then activated, and the motor 31 drives the rotation shaft 32 and the stirring rod 33 to rotate, and at the same time, the stirring rod 33 drives the vertical rod 42 and the supporting plate 41 to synchronously rotate, the aluminum ash accumulated at the upper end of the supporting plate 41 is uniformly scattered and falls to the upper ends of the material guide plates 2 at two sides under the action of centrifugal force, the aluminum ash passes through the filtering and screening of the screen plate 21, the aluminum sheet stays at the upper end of the screen plate 21, the fine aluminum ash can fall into the tank body 1 through the meshes of the sieve plate 21 and uniformly fall along with the aluminum ash at the upper end of the supporting plate 41, the weight borne by the surface is reduced, and the spring member 43 rebounds, until the aluminum ash is completely scattered from the surface of the supporting plate 41, the supporting plate 41 can not be completely reset, due to the inertia effect, the spring member 43 rebounds up and down in a short time, so that the top plate 44 also moves up and down and is in top contact with the lower end of the material guide plate 2, so that the guide plate 2 vibrates slightly and can vibrate the aluminum metal sheet staying on the surface of the screen plate 21, and the plate bodies bent along the lower end of the material guide plate 2 fall into the ring groove 45 at the upper end of the top disc 44 for automatic collection, thereby not only effectively removing the metal aluminum sheet doped in the aluminum ash and realizing the automatic recovery of the metal aluminum sheet, simultaneously through the effect homodisperse aluminium ash of centrifugal force to jar body 1 inside, reduce aluminium ash and pile up in a department, improve follow-up reaction efficiency.
The second embodiment:
according to the first embodiment, the stirring component 3 and the feeding component 4 are used for metal screening of the aluminum ash so as to improve the purity of the aluminum ash, the aluminum ash is evenly fed into the tank body 1 for reaction, and the adding mechanism 5 is used for sequentially adding water and a catalyst into the aluminum ash during the reaction so as to complete catalytic deamination and facilitate subsequent steps; the adding mechanism 5 comprises a first fixed cylinder 51, a second fixed cylinder 52, a liquid inlet valve 53 and a water inlet valve 54, wherein the first fixed cylinder 51 and the second fixed cylinder 52 are transversely and fixedly installed at the lower end of the tank body 1, liquid reactants enter the tank body 1 through the first fixed cylinder 51 and the second fixed cylinder 52 respectively, the first fixed cylinder 51 is located at the upper end of the second fixed cylinder 52, the left side positions of the first fixed cylinder 51 and the second fixed cylinder 52 penetrate through the tank body 1, liquid outlets 521 are formed in the left side positions of the outer surfaces of the lower ends of the first fixed cylinder 51 and the second fixed cylinder 52, the liquid outlets 521 are used for discharging liquid in the first fixed cylinder 51 and the second fixed cylinder 52, the liquid inlet valve 53 is fixedly connected to the right side position of the first fixed cylinder 51 through a pipeline, the liquid inlet valve 53 is a catalyst storage area and is fixedly connected to the right side position of the second fixed cylinder 52 through a pipeline, the water inlet valve 54 is a storage area for storing liquid water, the length of the first fixed cylinder 51 is larger than that the second fixed cylinder 52, the liquid outlets 521 are located at the left side position of the second fixed cylinder 52, and the two fixed cylinder 51 and the liquid outlets 521 can reduce the influence on discharging efficiency when the two liquid outlets 521.
The positions close to the right side inside the first fixed cylinder 51 and the second fixed cylinder 52 are both rotatably connected with the adjusting ball 6, the right side position of the adjusting ball 6 is designed to be a hollowed-out structure, the hollowed-out area of the adjusting ball is of a fan-shaped structure, the deflection angle of the hollowed-out hole surface of the internal adjusting ball 6 flowing into the tank body 1 through the hollowed-out holes and the liquid outlet 521 is increased, the exposed area of the hollowed-out holes is gradually increased, the shielding area is gradually reduced, the water quantity discharged through the hollowed-out holes is also increased, the required discharged water quantity can be automatically adjusted according to needs, the inner diameter of the hollowed-out hole of the lower end adjusting ball 6 is four times that of the hollowed-out hole of the upper end adjusting ball 6, the upper and lower groups of adjusting balls 6 are at the same rotating angle and within the same discharge time, because the aperture size of the upper and lower two groups of adjusting balls 6 is different, and the outflow dosage is also different, so as to meet the reaction requirement, the opposite surfaces of the upper and lower two groups of adjusting balls 6 are provided with rotating rods 7, and the rotating rods 7 are in a T-shaped structural design, when the rotating rods 7 rotate, the rotating rods 6 can be driven to rotate, the upper and lower two groups of rotating rods 7 respectively penetrate through the lower end of the first fixed cylinder 51 and the upper end of the second fixed cylinder 52, the upper and lower two groups of rotating rods 7 are connected through the fixed rod 8, the upper and lower ends of the fixed rod 8 are respectively rotatably connected in the upper and lower two groups of rotating rods 7, and the positions of the upper and lower fixed points of the adjusting balls 6 are respectively clamped in arc grooves which are formed on the upper and lower inner walls of the first fixed cylinder 51 and are matched with the upper and lower ends of the adjusting balls 6; the inner surfaces of the first fixed cylinder 51 and the second fixed cylinder 52 are designed to be inclined at the positions from the adjusting ball 6 to the liquid outlet 521 near the lower end.
When the automatic water adding device works, after the aluminum ash enters the tank body 1 through screening and filtering, the adding mechanism 5 is synchronously started, the first fixed cylinder 51 and the second fixed cylinder 52 are respectively used for adding a catalyst and water, according to a treatment sequence, a certain amount of water is added into the tank body 1, when liquid water is added, the rotating rod 7 of the second fixed cylinder 52 can be clockwise rotated for 7 to ninety degrees, the adjusting ball 6 rotates along with the rotating rod 7 until the hollow hole surface of the adjusting ball 6 rotates to be attached to the inner wall of the front end of the second fixed cylinder 52, the water inlet valve 54 is opened, water in the water flows into the second fixed cylinder 52 through a pipeline and then flows into the tank body 1 through the hollow holes and the liquid outlet 521 in sequence, the deflection angle of the hollow hole surface of the adjusting ball 6 is increased, the exposed area of the hollow holes is gradually increased, the shielding area is gradually reduced, so that the water amount discharged through the hollow holes is increased, otherwise, the water amount required by reducing the water discharge amount can be automatically adjusted according to the requirement, the water flow is fused with the aluminum ash in the tank body 1, and then is formed by stirring of the paste body of the stirring rod 33; then, in the operation mode, a catalyst is added into the tank body 1 by using the first fixed cylinder 51, the catalyst reacts with the paste to generate ammonia gas and solid reactants, and the ammonia gas is removed to finish the step of catalytic deamination; if the rotating rod 7 under the first fixed cylinder 51 rotates to the rotating rod 7 on the second fixed cylinder 52 to rotate to the same offset angle and discharge liquid in the same time, the dosages of the liquid flowing out from the first fixed cylinder 51 and the second fixed cylinder 52 are different, and the adding mechanism 5 can add a proper amount of reactant quantitatively according to the proportioning requirement, so that the liquid and the aluminum ash are promoted to fully react, and the reaction quality of the aluminum ash is improved.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the aluminum ash pouring device works, a certain amount of aluminum ash containing metallic aluminum is poured into the tank body 1 from the feeding hole 11, most of the aluminum ash is accumulated at the upper end of the supporting plate 41, a small amount of the aluminum ash slides down along the inclined planes at the left side and the right side of the supporting plate 41, the supporting plate 41 sinks and is close to the two groups of material guide plates 2 under the action of the gravity accumulated by the aluminum ash, the vertical rod 42 sinks along with the supporting plate 41 and extrudes the spring part 43, the top plate 44 moves downwards away from the two groups of material guide plates 2, then the motor 31 can be started, the motor 31 drives the rotating shaft 32 and the stirring rod 33 to rotate, meanwhile, the stirring rod 33 drives the vertical rod 42 and the supporting plate 41 to synchronously rotate, the aluminum ash accumulated at the upper end of the supporting plate 41 is uniformly scattered and sprinkled to the upper ends of the material guide plates 2 at the two sides under the action of centrifugal force, and the aluminum ash passes through the filtering and screening of the screen plate 21, the metallic aluminum sheet stays at the upper end of the sieve plate 21, the fine aluminum ash can fall into the tank body 1 through the meshes of the sieve plate 21, along with the uniform falling of the aluminum ash at the upper end of the supporting plate 41, the weight borne by the surface of the supporting plate is reduced, the aluminum ash rebounds under the action of the spring part 43, the supporting plate 41 can not completely return to the original position until the aluminum ash is completely scattered from the surface of the supporting plate 41, due to the inertia effect, the spring part 43 rebounds up and down in a short time, the top disc 44 is made to move up and down and to be in top contact with the lower end of the material guide plate 2, so that the material guide plate 2 slightly vibrates, the metallic aluminum sheet staying on the surface of the sieve plate 21 can be vibrated, and falls into the annular groove 45 at the upper end of the top disc 44 along the plate body bent at the lower end of the material guide plate 2; after the obtained aluminum ash enters the tank body 1 through screening and filtering, the adding mechanism 5 is synchronously started, the first fixed cylinder 51 and the second fixed cylinder 52 are respectively used for adding a catalyst and water, quantitative water is added into the tank body 1 according to a treatment sequence, when liquid water is added, the rotating rod 7 of the second fixed cylinder 52 can be clockwise rotated to ninety degrees, the adjusting ball 6 rotates along with the rotating rod 7 until the hollow hole surface of the adjusting ball 6 rotates to be attached to the inner wall of the front end of the second fixed cylinder 52, the water inlet valve 54 is opened, water in the fixing cylinder flows into the second fixed cylinder 52 through a pipeline and then flows into the tank body 1 through the hollow holes and the liquid outlet 521 in sequence, the deflection angle of the hollow hole surface of the adjusting ball 6 is increased, the exposed area of the hollow holes is gradually increased, the shielding area is gradually reduced, so that the water amount discharged through the hollow holes is increased, otherwise, the water amount required to reduce the water discharge amount can be automatically adjusted according to the requirement, the water flows into the tank body 1 and is mixed with the aluminum ash, and then the paste is formed through stirring of the stirring rod 33; and then, in the operation mode, adding a catalyst into the tank body 1 by using the first fixed cylinder 51, reacting the catalyst with the paste to generate ammonia gas and solid reactants, and removing the ammonia gas to finish the step of catalytic deamination.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand the invention for and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. The harmless treatment method of the secondary aluminum ash is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, pouring a certain amount of aluminum ash into a tank body (1) from a feeding hole (11) in a harmless treatment device, accumulating most of the aluminum ash at the upper end of a supporting plate (41), sliding a small amount of aluminum ash downwards along inclined planes at the left side and the right side of the supporting plate (41), sinking the supporting plate (41) under the gravity of the accumulation of the aluminum ash and approaching to two groups of material guide plates (2), sinking an upright rod (42) along with the supporting plate (41) and extruding a spring part (43), moving a top disc (44) downwards away from the two groups of material guide plates (2), and then starting a motor (31);
step two, when the motor (31) is started, the rotating shaft (32) and the stirring rod (33) can be driven to rotate, meanwhile, the stirring rod (33) drives the vertical rod (42) and the supporting plate (41) to synchronously rotate, aluminum ash accumulated on the upper end of the supporting plate (41) is uniformly scattered to the upper ends of the material guide plates (2) on two sides under the action of centrifugal force, the aluminum ash passes through the filtering and screening of the sieve plate (21), the metal aluminum sheet is stopped at the upper end of the sieve plate (21), fine aluminum ash can fall into the tank body (1) through the meshes of the sieve plate (21) and can uniformly fall along with the falling of the aluminum ash on the upper end of the supporting plate (41), the weight borne by the surface of the aluminum ash is reduced, the aluminum ash can rebound under the action of the spring part (43) until the aluminum ash is completely scattered from the surface of the supporting plate (41), the supporting plate (41) can be completely reset, due to the inertia effect, the spring part (43) rebounds up and down in a short time, the top disk (44) is promoted to move up and down and is in top contact with the lower end of the material guide plate (2), so that the material guide plate (2) slightly vibrates, the aluminum sheet staying on the surface of the sieve plate (21) can be vibrated down, the plate body bent along the lower end of the material guide plate (2) falls into the inner part of the annular groove (45) at the upper end of the top disk (44), and the aluminum sheet can be automatically collected, thereby not only effectively removing the aluminum sheet doped in the aluminum ash and realizing the automatic recovery of the aluminum sheet, but also uniformly dispersing the aluminum ash to the inner part of the tank body through the centrifugal force effect, the accumulation of aluminum ash at one position is reduced, and the subsequent reaction efficiency is improved;
step three, after the aluminum ash without metal content enters the tank body (1) through filtration, synchronously starting an adding mechanism (5), wherein a first fixed cylinder (51) and a second fixed cylinder (52) are respectively used for adding a catalyst and water, according to a treatment sequence, firstly, quantitative water is added into the tank body (1), when liquid water is added, a rotating rod (7) of the second fixed cylinder (52) can be clockwise rotated to ninety degrees, an adjusting ball (6) rotates along with the rotating rod (7), until the hollow hole surface of the adjusting ball (6) rotates to be attached to the inner wall of the front end of the second fixed cylinder (52), a water inlet valve (54) is opened, water in the water flows into the second fixed cylinder (52) through a pipeline and then flows into the tank body (1) through hollow holes and a liquid outlet (521), if the deflection angle of the hollow hole surface of the adjusting ball (6) is increased, the exposed area of the hollow holes is gradually increased, the shielding area is gradually reduced, so that the water amount discharged through the hollow holes is also increased, the required water amount can be automatically adjusted according to the weight of the paste, the water flows into the tank body (1), and the weight of the water in the stirring rod (33) and then is mixed with the water in the stirring tank body (1);
step four, opening an agent inlet valve (53) by using the same principle of the step three, rotating an adjusting ball (6) in a first fixed cylinder (51) to a deflection angle which is the same as that of a second fixed cylinder (52), enabling the sodium amino acid solution to react through the hollow holes and the interior of a liquid outlet (521), enabling the hollow aperture of the adjusting ball (6) in the first fixed cylinder (51) to be one half of that of the adjusting ball (6) in the second fixed cylinder (52), enabling the dosage of the amino acid sodium solution added in the first fixed cylinder (51) to be one quarter of that of water under the same liquid flow time, enabling the amino acid sodium solution to react after the amino acid sodium solution is added, enabling the reaction time to be 10min-2h, pushing the ammonia gas generated by catalytic decomposition deamination into an ammonia gas absorption tower through smoke exhaust pipes (13) on two sides of a tank body (1) for collection, adding dilute sulfuric acid into the ammonia gas in the absorption tower, enabling the ammonia gas and the ammonia gas to react to generate an ammonium sulfate solution, and completing the catalytic deamination step;
step five, adding a sodium hydroxide solution into the paste left by the catalytic deamination reaction in the tank body (1), uniformly stirring by using a stirring rod (33), processing and forming to obtain dispersed particles with irregular shapes, and discharging the particles through a discharge hole (12) so as to calcine the particles;
adding water into the calcined particles for dissolution, wherein the dissolution step is carried out in a ball mill, a ball milling and dissolution mode is adopted, solid-liquid separation can be carried out after the dissolution reaction is finished, so as to generate filtrate and high-aluminum solid material, the filtrate can be evaporated to obtain crystal particles, and the high-aluminum solid material can be used as a material of a production process;
the innocent treatment device comprises a tank body (1), wherein a feed inlet (11) is formed in the center of the outer surface of the upper end of the tank body (1), discharge outlets (12) are formed in the positions, close to the left side and the right side, of the outer surface of the lower end of the tank body (1), smoke exhaust pipes (13) are fixedly arranged in the positions, in the middle of the two sides of the inner surface of the tank body (1), guide plates (2) are symmetrically arranged in the positions, close to the upper end, of the two sides of the inner surface of the tank body (1), a stirring assembly (3) is arranged at the lower end inside the tank body (1), and an adding mechanism (5) is arranged in the position, close to the upper end, of the outer surface of the right side of the tank body (1);
the stirring assembly (3) comprises a motor (31), a rotating shaft (32) and a stirring rod (33), the motor (31) is fixedly installed at the center of the lower end of the tank body (1), the rotating shaft (32) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the motor (31), the stirring rod (33) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft (32), the stirring rod (33) penetrates through the tank body (1), the inner part of the stirring rod (33) is designed to be a hollow structure, and the feeding assembly (4) is arranged at the upper end of the stirring rod (33);
the feeding assembly (4) comprises a supporting plate (41), an upright rod (42), a spring piece (43) and a top plate (44), one half of the lower end of the upright rod (42) is inserted into the stirring rod (33), the spring piece (43) is fixedly connected between the upright rod (42) and the inner surface of the stirring rod (33), the supporting plate (41) is fixedly installed at the upper end position of the upright rod (42) and located at the upper end positions of the left and right material guide plates (2), the outer surfaces of the two sides of the supporting plate (41) are designed to be in a symmetrical inclined structure, the top plate (44) is fixedly installed at the middle section position of the outer portion of the upright rod (42), the top plate (44) is in a disc structure and located at the lower end positions of the two material guide plates (2), and an annular groove (45) is formed in the outer surface of the upper end of the top plate (44);
the adding mechanism (5) comprises a first fixed cylinder (51), a second fixed cylinder (52), a feeding valve (53) and a water inlet valve (54), wherein the first fixed cylinder (51) and the second fixed cylinder (52) are transversely and fixedly arranged at the lower end of the tank body (1), the first fixed cylinder (51) is positioned at the upper end of the second fixed cylinder (52), the left positions of the first fixed cylinder (51) and the second fixed cylinder (52) penetrate through the tank body (1), liquid outlets (521) are formed in the left positions of the outer surfaces of the lower ends of the first fixed cylinder (51) and the second fixed cylinder (52), the feeding valve (53) is fixedly connected to the right position of the first fixed cylinder (51) through a pipeline, and the water inlet valve (54) is fixedly connected to the right position of the second fixed cylinder (52) through a pipeline;
the material guide plate (2) is of an inclined structure, a plate body close to the lower end of the material guide plate is processed in a bending structure, a sieve plate (21) is embedded in the middle of the outer surface of the upper end of the material guide plate (2), and the inclined surface of the sieve plate (21) is opposite to the inclined surface of the supporting plate (41) in the left-right direction;
the length of the first fixed cylinder (51) is greater than that of the second fixed cylinder (52), the liquid outlet (521) of the first fixed cylinder (51) is located at the left side of the upper end of the liquid outlet (521) of the second fixed cylinder (52), and the upper and lower liquid outlets (521) are staggered.
2. The method for harmless treatment of secondary aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting balls (6) are rotatably connected to positions near the right side inside the first fixing cylinder (51) and the second fixing cylinder (52), the right side of the adjusting balls (6) is in a hollow structure design, the hollow area of the adjusting balls (6) is in a sector structure, the inner diameter of the hollow hole of the adjusting ball (6) at the lower end is four times of the inner diameter of the hollow hole of the adjusting ball (6) at the upper end, the rotating rods (7) are arranged on opposite surfaces of the upper and lower groups of adjusting balls (6), the rotating rods (7) are in a T-shaped structure design, the upper and lower groups of rotating rods (7) respectively penetrate through the lower end of the first fixing cylinder (51) and the upper end of the second fixing cylinder (52), the upper and lower groups of rotating rods (7) are connected through the fixing rod (8), and the upper and lower ends of the fixing rod (8) are respectively rotatably connected to the insides of the upper and lower groups of the upper and lower rotating rods (7).
3. The method for harmless treatment of secondary aluminum dross according to claim 2, wherein the upper and lower fixed points of the adjusting ball (6) are respectively engaged with arc grooves formed in the upper and lower inner walls of the first fixing cylinder (51) and matched with the upper and lower ends of the adjusting ball (6).
4. The method for harmless treatment of secondary aluminous ash according to claim 3, wherein the inner surfaces of said first and second fixed cylinders (51, 52) are designed to be inclined from the adjusting ball (6) to the liquid outlet (521) near the lower end.
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