CN114256870A - Wind power generation system and control method of wind power generation system - Google Patents
Wind power generation system and control method of wind power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114256870A CN114256870A CN202111358636.XA CN202111358636A CN114256870A CN 114256870 A CN114256870 A CN 114256870A CN 202111358636 A CN202111358636 A CN 202111358636A CN 114256870 A CN114256870 A CN 114256870A
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
- H02K7/183—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/007—Control circuits for doubly fed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/06—Control effected upon clutch or other mechanical power transmission means and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
- H02P9/105—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load for increasing the stability
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
- H02P2101/15—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for wind-driven turbines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2103/00—Controlling arrangements characterised by the type of generator
- H02P2103/20—Controlling arrangements characterised by the type of generator of the synchronous type
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a wind power generation system and a control method of the wind power generation system. The double-fed speed change device comprises an outer rotor, an inner rotor and a converter, wherein the outer rotor is sleeved with the inner rotor, the impeller is in transmission connection with the inner rotor to drive the inner rotor to rotate, the inner rotor gets electricity from a power grid or discharges electricity to the power grid through the converter to generate a rotating magnetic field with constant rotating speed, the outer rotor rotates at constant speed under the action of the rotating magnetic field, and the outer rotor is in transmission connection with the input end of the synchronous generator to drive the generator to stably generate electricity and output constant-frequency electric energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a wind power generation system and a control method of the wind power generation system.
Background
The traditional wind power generation system comprises an impeller, a generator and a frequency converter, wherein the impeller is driven by wind energy to rotate so as to drive the generator to generate power, and the rotating speed of the impeller is greatly influenced by wind conditions, so that under complex wind conditions, if electric energy generated by an engine is incorporated into a power grid, power electronic devices such as an inverter need to be matched, the power electronic devices are static equipment, rotational inertia hardly exists, necessary voltage and frequency support cannot be provided for the power grid, and the risk of large frequency deviation of the power grid is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wind power generation system and a control method of the wind power generation system.
A wind power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the impeller is used for being pushed by wind energy to rotate; the double-fed variable speed device comprises an outer rotor, an inner rotor and a converter, wherein the outer rotor is sleeved with the inner rotor, an impeller is in transmission connection with the inner rotor to drive the inner rotor to rotate, the inner rotor gets electricity from a power grid or discharges electricity to the power grid through the converter to generate a rotating magnetic field with a constant rotating speed, and the outer rotor rotates at a constant speed under the action of the rotating magnetic field; and the outer rotor is in transmission connection with the input end of the synchronous generator so as to drive the generator to stably generate power and output constant-frequency electric energy.
According to the wind power generation system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the double-fed speed change device with the adjustable speed change ratio is arranged, so that the kinetic energy of the impeller can be stably input into the synchronous generator, the synchronous generator can generate power at a constant frequency, the synchronous generator can directly transmit power to a power grid, and power electronic devices such as an inverter in the traditional wind power generation system are replaced. The constant output rotating speed of the double-fed speed change device realizes the stable output of the current frequency of the wind power generation system, can cope with complex wind conditions, and effectively solves the current grid connection problem caused by complex wind conditions in the transmission wind power generation system.
In addition, because the wind power generation system provided by the application does not need to adopt decoupling, rectification, frequency modulation and voltage stabilization of the power electronic device when being connected to the grid, the problem that the total rotational inertia is continuously reduced due to the use of the power electronic device in the current power grid is solved, the rotational inertia in the power grid can be improved, necessary voltage and frequency support is provided for the power grid, the risk of large frequency deviation of the power grid is reduced, the power system can safely and stably operate, and the capability of the power grid for efficiently receiving new energy is improved.
In some embodiments, the inner rotor includes an inner rotor core and an inner rotor winding, the outer rotor includes an outer rotor core and an outer rotor winding, and the converter is connected to the inner rotor winding.
In some embodiments, the synchronous generator is configured to input the generated electrical energy into a power grid.
In some embodiments, the wind power generation system further comprises a speed changing device, the impeller is in transmission connection with an input end of the speed changing device, and an output end of the speed changing device is in transmission connection with the inner rotor.
In some embodiments, the transmission is a transmission having a fixed transmission ratio.
In some embodiments, the transmission is a variable ratio transmission.
In some embodiments, the transmission is a gear transmission, a torque converter, a magnetic variator, or a permanent magnet transmission.
In some embodiments, the wind power generation system includes a controller for controlling the inner rotor to take power from or discharge power to a power grid so that a rotation speed of a rotating magnetic field of the inner rotor is constant at a preset value, the controller including:
an input rotation speed detection module for detecting a mechanical rotation speed of the inner rotor;
the operation module is used for calculating an ideal value of the magnetic field rotating speed matched with the inner rotor current according to the rotating magnetic field rotating speed of the inner rotor, namely the mechanical rotating speed of the inner rotor and the magnetic field rotating speed matched with the inner rotor current;
and the control module is used for controlling the inner rotor to get electricity from a power grid or discharge electricity to the power grid through the converter according to the ideal value of the magnetic field rotating speed matched with the current of the inner rotor so as to keep the rotating speed of the rotating magnetic field of the inner rotor constant.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for controlling a wind power generation system is provided, including:
the impeller is pushed by wind energy to rotate;
the impeller drives the outer rotor of the double-fed speed change device to rotate;
the inner rotor gets electricity from a power grid or discharges electricity to the power grid through the converter, so that the rotating speed of a rotating magnetic field of the inner rotor is constant, the outer rotor rotates under the action of the rotating magnetic field, and the rotating speed is kept at a preset value;
the synchronous generator is driven by the outer rotor to operate, and generates electric energy with constant frequency.
In some embodiments, the inner rotor is powered from or discharged to a grid through the converter, specifically comprising: according to the rotating field speed r of the inner rotor0Mechanical speed r of inner rotor1+ inner rotor current matched magnetic field rotation speed r2，
When r is1When the current is smaller than the preset value, the inner rotor gets power from a power grid through the converter, so that r is enabled to be smaller than the preset value2Is positive so that r0Equal to the preset value;
when r is1When the current is larger than the preset value, the inner rotor discharges from the power grid through the converter, so that r is enabled to be larger than the preset value2Is negative so as to make r0Equal to the preset value.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a wind power generation system according to a first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of the double-fed transmission.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a wind power system according to a second embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a wind power system according to a third embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
a wind power generation system 1; an impeller 11; a doubly-fed transmission 12; an outer rotor 121; an inner rotor 122; a synchronous generator 13; a current transformer 14; a first transmission 15; a second transmission 16.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
A wind power system 1 according to an embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to fig. 1-4. As shown in fig. 1, a wind power generation system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an impeller 11, a doubly-fed speed change device 12, and a synchronous generator 13.
The impeller 11 is driven by wind energy to rotate to generate kinetic energy. The doubly-fed variable speed device 12 is used for transmitting the rotational inertia generated by the rotation of the impeller 11 and driving the synchronous generator 13 to generate and output electric energy.
The doubly-fed speed changing device 12 comprises an outer rotor 121, an inner rotor 122 and a converter 14, wherein the outer rotor 121 is sleeved with the inner rotor 122. The impeller 11 is in transmission connection with the inner rotor 122 to drive the inner rotor 122 to rotate, the inner rotor 122 is powered from a power grid or discharged to the power grid through the converter 14 to generate a rotating magnetic field with a constant rotating speed, and the outer rotor 121 rotates at a constant speed under the action of the rotating magnetic field. The converter 14 may be a bi-directional back-to-back IGBT voltage source converter.
The outer rotor 121 is connected to the input end of the synchronous generator 13, and since the rotation speed of the outer rotor 121 can be kept constant, the synchronous generator 13 generates power to be connected to a power grid and inputs electric energy with stable frequency into the power grid. The ratio of the mechanical speed of the inner rotor 122 to the mechanical speed of the outer rotor 121 can be regarded as the transmission ratio of the doubly-fed speed changing device 12, and therefore the doubly-fed speed changing device 12 is a variable transmission ratio speed changing device.
The inverter 14 can apply a slip frequency current to the inner rotor 122 for excitation, and can adjust the frequency, voltage, amplitude, and phase of the excitation current. The rotating speed of the rotating magnetic field actually generated by the inner rotor 122 is the superposition of the rotating speed of the rotating magnetic field matched with the current passed through the converter 14 and the mechanical rotating speed thereof, the outer rotor 121 rotates under the action of the rotating magnetic field, and the rotating speed of the outer rotor 121 is equal to the rotating speed of the magnetic field of the inner rotor 122, so that the transmission of the rotational inertia is realized.
The inner rotor 122 of the doubly-fed gearbox 20 can exchange power with the grid via the converter 14, and the outer rotor 121 transmits power to the grid via the synchronous generator 13. If the rotation speed of the outer rotor 121 is to be constant, a preset rotation speed value of the outer rotor 121 is set, according to a difference value between the rotation speed of the inner rotor 122 and the preset rotation speed value, the inner rotor 122 gets power from the power grid or discharges to the power grid through the converter 14, a rotating magnetic field with a constant rotation speed is generated by the inner rotor 122, so that the rotation speed of the outer rotor 121 is kept at the preset rotation speed value, and the outer rotor 121 drives the synchronous generator 13 to input current with stable frequency to the power grid.
Whether power is fed to the inner rotor 122 or extracted from the inner rotor 122 depends on the operating conditions of the doubly fed speed change device 12: in the super-synchronous state, i.e. the mechanical rotation speed of the inner rotor 122 is greater than the preset rotation speed value of the outer rotor 121, power is fed from the inner rotor 122 to the grid through the converter 14, and in the under-synchronous state, i.e. the mechanical rotation speed of the inner rotor 122 is less than the preset rotation speed value of the outer rotor 121, power is transmitted in the reverse direction, and power is fed from the grid to the inner rotor 122. In both cases (over-synchronization and under-synchronization), the rotation speed of the outer rotor 121 can be constant at a preset rotation speed value.
The synchronous generator 13 is able to input a constant frequency current to the grid by the action of the doubly fed transmission 12. The synchronous generator 13 stably inputs electric energy to the power grid without being influenced by the change of the rotating speed of the impeller 11, and even if the rotating speed of the impeller 11 changes, the synchronous generator 13 can stably input electric energy to the power grid.
Alternatively, the rotation speed of the outer rotor 121 is 3000rpm, and the synchronous generator 13 can stably input a current with a frequency of 50Hz into the power grid.
According to the wind power generation system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the double-fed speed change device with the adjustable speed change ratio is arranged, so that the kinetic energy of the impeller can be stably input into the synchronous generator, the synchronous generator can generate power at a constant frequency, the synchronous generator can directly transmit power to a power grid, and power electronic devices such as an inverter in the traditional wind power generation system are replaced. The constant output rotating speed of the double-fed speed change device realizes the stable output of the current frequency of the wind power generation system, can cope with complex wind conditions, and effectively solves the current grid connection problem caused by complex wind conditions in the transmission wind power generation system.
In addition, because the wind power generation system provided by the application does not need to adopt decoupling, rectification, frequency modulation and voltage stabilization of the power electronic device when being connected to the grid, the problem that the total rotational inertia is continuously reduced due to the use of the power electronic device in the current power grid is solved, the rotational inertia in the power grid can be improved, necessary voltage and frequency support is provided for the power grid, the risk of large frequency deviation of the power grid is reduced, the power system can safely and stably operate, and the capability of the power grid for efficiently receiving new energy is improved.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the rotational speed of the impeller 11 is constantly changing due to wind speed instability, resulting in a constant change in the mechanical rotational speed of the inner rotor 122. Therefore, if the rotation speed of the outer rotor 121 is kept constant, the current applied to the inner rotor 122 can be changed.
Specifically, according to the formula:
rotating field speed r of inner rotor 1220Mechanical speed r of the inner rotor 1221+ inner rotor 122 current matched field speed r2；
Rotating field speed r of inner rotor 1220Mechanical speed r of outer rotor 1213. According to the mechanical speed r of the inner rotor 1221The difference between the ideal mechanical rotation speed of the outer rotor 121 and the ideal mechanical rotation speed of the inner rotor 122 changes the frequency of the current transmitted to the inner rotor 122, so that the inner rotor 122 is current-matched with the magnetic field rotation speed r2Adjusting to finally make the rotating magnetic field rotating speed r of the inner rotor 1220Equal to the desired mechanical speed of rotation of the outer rotor 121.
If the mechanical rotation speed of the outer rotor 121 is kept at 3000rpm, then:
1) when the mechanical speed r of the inner rotor 122 is high1Less than 3000rpm, the inner rotor 122 draws power from the grid, r2Is a positive value;
2) when the mechanical speed r of the inner rotor 122 is high1Equal to 3000rpm, r2Is 0;
3) when the mechanical speed r of the inner rotor 122 is high1Above 3000rpm, the inner rotor 122 delivers power to the grid, r2Is negative.
It should be noted that the inner rotor 122 has a current-matched magnetic field rotation speed r2Not the mechanical rotational speed. r is2A positive value means that the direction of rotation of the rotating magnetic field of the inner rotor 122 current matched is the same as the mechanical direction of rotation of the inner rotor 122. r is2A negative value means that the direction of rotation of the rotating magnetic field of the current matching inner rotor 122 is opposite to the mechanical direction of rotation of the inner rotor 122. The mechanical rotating speed generated by the rotation of the inner rotor 122 and the rotating speed of the magnetic field generated by the current of the inner rotor 122 are superposed to reach the ideal rotating speed value of the outer rotor 121, so that the mechanical rotating speed of the outer rotor 121 is always kept constant without being influenced by the change of the rotating speed of the inner rotor 122, the synchronous generator 13 can transmit power to a power grid at constant frequency, and synchronous power generation is realized.
That is, in order to keep the mechanical rotation speed of the outer rotor 121 constant, a preset value is set for the mechanical rotation speed, and the current of the inner rotor 122 is adjusted according to the current rotation speed of the inner rotor 122, so that the magnetic field rotation speed of the inner rotor 122 is kept constant, and the synchronous generator 12 can stably generate power.
In this embodiment, the inner rotor 122 includes an inner rotor core and an inner rotor winding, and the inverter 14 is connected to the inner rotor winding. The outer rotor 121 includes an outer rotor core and an outer rotor winding.
In order to enable the doubly-fed speed changing device 12 to better output a stable rotating speed through the inner rotor current feedback, in some embodiments, the wind power generation system 1 further includes a speed changing device, the speed changing device is connected between the impeller 11 and the doubly-fed speed changing device 12, the speed changing device has an input end and an output end, the impeller 11 is in transmission connection with the input end of the speed changing device, the output end of the speed changing device is in transmission connection with the inner rotor 122, and the speed changing device is used for changing speed.
That is, the speed-changing device is used for adjusting the speed of the impeller 11 input into the doubly-fed speed-changing device 12, and the speed-changing device has a speed-changing ratio of the input end to the output end. The output rotating speed of the impeller 11 can be better adapted to the rotating speed application range of the doubly-fed speed changing device 12 through speed changing of the speed changing device, and the load of the doubly-fed speed changing device 12 is reduced, namely the output rotating speed of the impeller 11 can be changed to be within an ideal interval of the input rotating speed (mechanical rotating speed of the inner rotor 122) of the doubly-fed speed changing device 12 through the arrangement of the speed changing device.
For example, the ideal interval of the input rotation speed of the doubly-fed speed changing device 12 is (3000 ± 1000) rpm, and when the input rotation speed of the doubly-fed speed changing device 12 (the rotation speed of the inner rotor 122) is within the range of (3000 ± 1000) rpm, the doubly-fed speed changing device 12 can respond to the rotation speed change of the inner rotor 122 more quickly so as to keep the mechanical rotation speed of the outer rotor 121 constant. By providing a transmission with a suitable transmission ratio, the output speed of the impeller 11 can be varied to within this ideal range of the input speed of the doubly fed transmission 12.
Alternatively, the transmission is a transmission having a fixed gear ratio (fixed gear ratio transmission), or a transmission having an adjustable gear ratio (variable gear ratio transmission). The transmission is a transmission with an adjustable transmission ratio, which means that the transmission can be a multi-stage transmission or a continuously variable transmission. The transmission is a multi-stage transmission having a plurality of gear ratios and adjustable in gear ratio according to the rotation speed of the impeller 11, and is a stage transmission continuously adjustable in gear ratio within a certain range.
Alternatively, the variator ratio is 0.03-333.
Alternatively, the transmission is a gear transmission, a torque converter, a magnetic force transducer, a permanent magnet transmission, or a magnetic coupler transmission having one-stage or multi-stage transmission functions.
It should be noted that the rotation speed of the impeller 11 is generally low. Thus, the speed change device may be a speed increasing device, i.e. the output speed of the speed change device is greater than the input speed.
In other embodiments, the transmission may also be connected between the doubly fed transmission 12 and the synchronous generator 13.
Alternatively, the rotation speed of the outer rotor 121 is 3000rpm, and the synchronous generator 13 can stably input a current with a frequency of 50Hz into the power grid. It should be noted that the national grid frequency reference line is 50Hz, and the output rotation speed of the doubly-fed transmission 12 can be constant at 3000 rpm. The foreign power grid frequency reference line is 60Hz, the output rotating speed of the double-fed speed change device 12 can be kept constant at 3600rpm, namely the output rotating speed of the double-fed speed change device 12 can be adjusted according to the frequency reference of the power grid.
In some embodiments, the wind power generation system 1 includes a controller, the controller is configured to control the inner rotor 122 to take power from a power grid or discharge power to the power grid, so that the rotation speed of the rotating magnetic field of the inner rotor 122 is constant at a preset value, and the controller includes: the device comprises an input rotating speed detection module, an operation module and a control module. The input speed detection module is used to detect the mechanical speed of the inner rotor 122. The operation module is used for calculating an ideal value of the magnetic field rotating speed matched with the current of the inner rotor 122 according to the rotating magnetic field rotating speed of the inner rotor 122, namely the mechanical rotating speed of the inner rotor 122 and the magnetic field rotating speed matched with the current of the inner rotor 122. The control module is used for controlling the inner rotor 122 to take power from the power grid or discharge power to the power grid through the converter 14 according to the ideal value of the magnetic field rotating speed matched with the current of the inner rotor 122, so that the rotating magnetic field rotating speed of the inner rotor 122 is kept constant. The preset value of the rotation speed of the outer rotor 121 can be input to the controller in advance.
Several embodiments provided herein are described in detail below with respect to fig. 1-4.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the wind power generation system 1 includes an impeller 11, a doubly-fed transmission 12, and a synchronous generator 13. The doubly-fed variable speed drive 12 comprises an outer rotor 121, an inner rotor 122 and a converter 14. The impeller 11 is in transmission connection with the inner rotor 122, the outer rotor 121 is in transmission connection with the synchronous generator 13 and drives the synchronous generator 13 to generate power, and the synchronous generator 13 is connected with a power grid through a transformer (not shown in the figure) and supplies power to the power grid.
In the present embodiment, the mechanical rotation speed of the outer rotor 121 is constant at 3000 rpm. The output frequency of the synchronous generator 13 is stabilized at 50 Hz.
Alternatively, the inner rotor 122 includes an inner rotor core and an inner rotor winding, the outer rotor 121 includes an outer rotor core and an outer rotor winding, and the converter 14 is connected to the inner rotor winding.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 3, the wind power generation system 1 includes an impeller 11, a doubly-fed speed change device 12, a synchronous generator 13, and a first speed change device 15. The doubly-fed variable speed device 12 is similar to the embodiment and will not be described in detail, and only the differences will be described here. The first transmission 15 is a transmission having a fixed gear ratio. In the embodiment, the first speed-changing device 15 is a speed-increasing device, i.e. the output speed is greater than the input speed.
In the present embodiment, the impeller 11 is connected to an input of the first speed changing device 15, an output of the first speed changing device 15 is connected to the inner rotor 122, and the outer rotor 121 is connected to an input of the synchronous generator 13. The first gear shifting device 15 increases the rotational speed of the impeller 11 to the desired rotational speed input interval of the doubly-fed gear shifting device 12.
By arranging the first speed changing device 15 between the impeller 11 and the doubly-fed speed changing device 12, the rotating speed application range of the doubly-fed speed changing device 12 can be better adapted, and the burden of the doubly-fed speed changing device 12 is reduced, that is, the arrangement of the first speed changing device 15 can change the output rotating speed of the impeller 11 to the ideal interval of the input rotating speed (the mechanical rotating speed of the inner rotor 122) of the doubly-fed speed changing device 12, so that the doubly-fed speed changing device 12 can better output a stable rotating speed through rotor compensation.
Alternatively, the desired interval of the input speed of the doubly-fed speed change means 12 is (3000 ± 1000) rpm, and by providing the speed change means with a suitable gear ratio, the output speed of the impeller 11 can be varied to be within this desired interval of the input speed of the doubly-fed speed change means 12. When the input rotation speed of the doubly-fed speed change device 12 is within the range of (3000 ± 1000) rpm, the doubly-fed speed change device 12 can respond more quickly to the change of the mechanical rotation speed of the inner rotor 122 to keep the mechanical rotation speed of the outer rotor 121 constant.
Alternatively, the first transmission 15 has a transmission ratio of 0.03 to 333.
Alternatively, the first transmission device 15 is a gear transmission, a torque converter, a magnetic force transducer, a permanent magnet transmission, or a magnetic coupling transmission device having a speed change function.
Example three:
as shown in fig. 4, the wind power generation system 1 includes an impeller 11, a doubly-fed speed change device 12, a synchronous generator 13, and a second speed change device 16. The doubly-fed variable speed device 12 is similar to the embodiment and will not be described in detail, and only the differences will be described here. The second transmission device 16 is a transmission device having a variable transmission ratio, i.e., the transmission ratio of the second transmission device 16 is adjustable. In the present embodiment, the second speed changing device 16 is a speed increasing device, i.e. the output speed is greater than the input speed.
In the present embodiment, the impeller 11 is connected to an input of the second speed changing device 16, an output of the second speed changing device 16 is connected to the inner rotor 122, and the outer rotor 121 is connected to an input of the synchronous generator 13. The second transmission 16 increases the rotational speed of the impeller 11 to the desired rotational speed input range of the doubly-fed transmission 12.
Alternatively, the second transmission device 16 may be a multi-stage transmission device, i.e., the second transmission device 16 has a plurality of transmission ratios and is switchable according to the rotation speed of the impeller 11. Alternatively, the second transmission device 16 may be a continuously variable transmission device, i.e., the second transmission device 16 may continuously adjust its transmission ratio within a certain range.
Alternatively, the second transmission device 16 is a gear transmission, a torque converter, a magnetic force transducer, a permanent magnet transmission, or a magnetic coupling transmission device having a multi-stage or continuously variable transmission function.
By arranging the second speed changing device 16 with the adjustable speed change ratio between the impeller 11 and the doubly-fed speed changing device 12 and adaptively adjusting the speed change ratio of the second speed changing device 16 according to the current rotating speed of the impeller 11, the output rotating speed of the impeller 11 can be better converted into an ideal interval of the input rotating speed (the mechanical rotating speed of the inner rotor 122) of the doubly-fed speed changing device 12, the current adjusting burden of the doubly-fed speed changing device 12 is further reduced, and the applicability of the doubly-fed speed changing device 12 is improved.
Example four:
the present embodiment provides a control method of a wind power generation system, which is a control method of a wind power generation system 1 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and includes the following steps:
step S101: the impeller 11 is driven by wind energy to rotate;
step S102: the impeller 11 drives the inner rotor 122 of the doubly-fed speed changing device 12 to rotate;
step S103: the inner rotor 122 gets power from the power grid or discharges power to the power grid through the converter 14, so that the rotating speed of the rotating magnetic field of the inner rotor 122 is constant, the outer rotor 121 rotates under the action of the rotating magnetic field, and the rotating speed is kept at a preset value;
step S104: the synchronous generator 13 is driven by the outer rotor 121 with a constant rotation speed to generate electric energy with a constant frequency.
The synchronous generator 13 is electrically connected to the grid to output electric power to the grid, and since the generator 13 can generate a current with a constant frequency, the synchronous generator 13 can be directly connected to the grid without using power electronics such as an inverter. The constant output rotating speed of the double-fed speed change device 12 realizes the stable output of the current frequency of the wind power generation system 1, can cope with complex wind conditions, and effectively solves the current grid connection problem caused by complex wind conditions in the transmission wind power generation system 1.
The step S103 specifically includes the following steps:
according to the formula: rotating field speed r of inner rotor0Mechanical speed r of inner rotor1+ inner rotor current matched magnetic field rotation speed r2；
When r is1When the value is less than the preset value, the inner rotor 122 gets power from the power grid through the converter, so that r2Is positive so that r0Equal to a preset value;
when r is1When greater than the preset value, the inner rotor 122 discharges from the grid through the converter, causing r2Is negative so as to make r0Equal to the preset value.
Therefore, the wind power generation system 1 provided by the embodiment of the invention can cope with complex wind conditions, even if the rotating speed of the impeller 11 changes along with the change of wind power, the controller can keep the output rotating speed constant by regulating and controlling the gear ratio of the double-fed speed change device 12, and the synchronous generator 13 is driven by the output shaft of the double-fed speed change device 12 to operate at a constant speed, so that the output of constant-frequency current can be realized, and the constant-frequency current can be directly connected to the grid.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wind power generation system, comprising:
the impeller is used for being pushed by wind energy to rotate;
the double-fed variable speed device comprises an outer rotor, an inner rotor and a converter, wherein the outer rotor is sleeved with the inner rotor, an impeller is in transmission connection with the inner rotor to drive the inner rotor to rotate, the inner rotor gets electricity from a power grid or discharges electricity to the power grid through the converter to generate a rotating magnetic field with a constant rotating speed, and the outer rotor rotates at a constant speed under the action of the rotating magnetic field;
and the outer rotor is in transmission connection with the input end of the synchronous generator so as to drive the generator to stably generate power and output constant-frequency electric energy.
2. The wind power generation system of claim 1, wherein the inner rotor includes an inner rotor core and an inner rotor winding, the outer rotor includes an outer rotor core and an outer rotor winding, and the converter is coupled to the inner rotor winding.
3. Wind power system according to claim 1, wherein the synchronous generator is adapted to input the generated electrical energy into a power grid.
4. The wind power generation system of claim 1, further comprising a speed change device, wherein the impeller is in driving connection with an input of the speed change device, and an output of the speed change device is in driving connection with the inner rotor.
5. Wind power system according to claim 4, wherein the transmission is a transmission with a fixed transmission ratio.
6. Wind power system according to claim 4, wherein the transmission is a transmission with an adjustable transmission ratio.
7. Wind power system according to any of claims 4-6, wherein the gear change device is a gear change, a torque converter, a magnetic force variator or a permanent magnet transmission.
8. The wind power generation system of claim 1, comprising a controller for controlling the inner rotor to take power from or discharge power to a power grid so that a rotation speed of a rotating magnetic field of the inner rotor is constant at a preset value, the controller comprising:
an input rotation speed detection module for detecting a mechanical rotation speed of the inner rotor;
the operation module is used for calculating an ideal value of the magnetic field rotating speed matched with the inner rotor current according to the rotating magnetic field rotating speed of the inner rotor, namely the mechanical rotating speed of the inner rotor and the magnetic field rotating speed matched with the inner rotor current;
and the control module is used for controlling the inner rotor to get electricity from a power grid or discharge electricity to the power grid through the converter according to the ideal value of the magnetic field rotating speed matched with the current of the inner rotor so as to keep the rotating speed of the rotating magnetic field of the inner rotor constant.
9. A method of controlling a wind power system, characterized in that the wind power system is a wind power system according to any of claims 1-8, comprising:
the impeller is pushed by wind energy to rotate;
the impeller drives the inner rotor to rotate;
the inner rotor gets electricity from a power grid or discharges electricity to the power grid through the converter, so that the rotating speed of a rotating magnetic field of the inner rotor is constant, the outer rotor rotates under the action of the rotating magnetic field, and the rotating speed is kept at a preset value;
the synchronous generator is driven by the outer rotor to operate, and generates electric energy with constant frequency.
10. The control method of a wind power system according to claim 9, wherein the inner rotor is powered from or discharged to a grid through the converter, in particular comprising: according to the rotating field speed r of the inner rotor0Mechanical speed r of inner rotor1+ inner rotor current matched magnetic field rotation speed r2，
When r is1When the current is smaller than the preset value, the inner rotor gets power from a power grid through the converter, so that r is enabled to be smaller than the preset value2Is positive so that r0Equal to the preset value;
when r is1When the current is larger than the preset value, the inner rotor discharges from the power grid through the converter, so that r is enabled to be larger than the preset value2Is negative so as to make r0Equal to the preset value.
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