CN114256819B - 一种基于终端的台区自愈控制方法 - Google Patents

一种基于终端的台区自愈控制方法 Download PDF

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CN114256819B
CN114256819B CN202111573811.7A CN202111573811A CN114256819B CN 114256819 B CN114256819 B CN 114256819B CN 202111573811 A CN202111573811 A CN 202111573811A CN 114256819 B CN114256819 B CN 114256819B
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current
fault
circuit breakers
breaker
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CN114256819A (zh
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葛玉磊
田珂
刘清
郑亚岗
杜志国
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Qingdao Topscomm Communication Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
    • H02H7/263—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations involving transmissions of measured values
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/06—Details with automatic reconnection
    • H02H3/063—Details concerning the co-operation of many similar arrangements, e.g. in a network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/06—Details with automatic reconnection
    • H02H3/066—Reconnection being a consequence of eliminating the fault which caused disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/093—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current with timing means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
    • H02H7/262—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations involving transmissions of switching or blocking orders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00007—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00036—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers
    • H02J13/0004—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers involved in a protection system

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于终端的台区自愈控制方法，包括如下步骤：S1：台区终端梳理出台区下n个断路器的拓扑结构；S2：台区终端计算出n个断路器的过电流脱扣器整定电流值并下发给相对应的断路器；S3：断路器监测电流突变量及故障电流持续时间超过阈值则进行跳闸并上报事件；S4：时间级差以及整定电流值可能有偏差以及短路电流过大会导致故障上游多个断路器均触发动作；S5：终端依据台区拓扑识别结果信息和断路器事件进行故障区段定位，从线路拓扑母线侧至负荷侧依次进行断路器的重合闸直至线路故障点，实现自愈控制。本发明实现了配电网故障检测、定位及隔离故障区域，以带电区域为电源，最大限度地恢复对非故障停电区的供电。

Description

一种基于终端的台区自愈控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及低压配电网技术，尤其涉及一种基于终端的台区自愈控制方法。
背景技术
随着科技的发展，低压配电网台区规模不断扩大，现有的配电台区在设备管理模式效率低下，难以满足低压台区主动运维、抢修等业务需求。一旦配电台区内发生故障，没有成熟可靠的故障自愈恢复方法，只能依靠人工排查的方式实现故障点判断、故障类型甄别。因此故障从排查到消除所需时间较长，难以满足供电可靠性。
台区终端的自愈控制可以及时发现和隔离发生的故障和隐患，抵御外部严重故障的冲击，在故障情况下维持系统连续运行、自主修复故障并快速供电的能力，通过减少配电网运行时的人为干预，降低扰动或故障对电网和用户的影响。配电网台区终端自愈控制首先应实现配电网快速、准确的故障检测、定位及隔离故障区域，之后以带电区域为电源，最大限度地恢复对非故障停电区的供电。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术存在的不足和缺陷，提供了一种基于终端的台区自愈控制方法，断路器长延时脱扣器、短延时脱扣器的整定时间采取上下级级差的方式进行整定，在发生故障时，断路器自下而上逐级切断，理论上不存在误断的现象。当断路器通过电流过大时，瞬时脱扣器瞬间切断，此时存在上级断路器误断现象，需要台区终端实现故障的研判定位、非故障区域的自愈恢复控制。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明采取如下技术方案：
一种基于终端的台区自愈控制方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：台区终端通过台区拓扑识别方法梳理出台区下n个断路器的拓扑结构；
S2：台区终端获取n个断路器计算所得的回路阻抗值并综合计算出当前断路器下一级所
有断路器计算所得的最大回路阻抗值Zsub；
S3：台区终端通过基于电网特征的整定电流值计算方法计算出n个断路器的过电流脱扣
器整定电流值并下发给相对应的断路器；
S4：断路器监测相电流，若电流突变量超预设整定电流值，则认为该相发生了故障，为故障相；
S5：若故障相的故障电流持续时间超过预设时间阈值，则断路器生成闸位变化事件和停上电事件上传至终端并进行跳闸动作；
S6：时间级差以及整定电流值可能有偏差以及短路电流过大会导致故障上游多个断路器均触发动作；
S7：终端依据台区拓扑识别结果信息，综合接收到的各节点断路器的闸位变化事件和停上电事件，进行故障区段定位并从线路拓扑母线侧至负荷侧依次进行断路器的重合闸，直至线路故障点，恢复正常线路用电使用，从而达到自愈控制的目的。
进一步地，所述步骤S1中台区终端采用特征电流式台区拓扑识别技术，断路器支持识别特征电流，本地电力线载波通信模块支持发送特征电流。台区终端依次让n个断路器上的本地电力线载波通信模块发送特征电流，发送完毕后，读取n个断路器内的识别记录，最终梳理出台区拓扑识别结果。
进一步地，所述步骤S2中综合计算出当前断路器下一级所有断路器计算所得的最大回路阻抗值Zsub的方法为：
通过某个周期性(如5分钟，可设置)采集电压和电流数据，当相邻两个记录点之间的电流差值超过30％(可设置)时，开始进行数据的密集采集，采集密度提高到秒级(可设置)，当再次检测到电压值发生较大变化时，将变化后的值作为1个有效数据点(U2、I2)，将变化前的值作为另1个有效数据(U1、I1)，进行回路阻抗计算。当高频采集持续一段时间(可设置)没有检测到有效数据，则此次检测停止。
回路阻抗计算公式如下：
式中U1、I1是前一时刻的电压电流，U2、I2为后一时刻的电压电流值，Z为阻抗模值。
台区终端综合获取台区所有断路器的回路阻抗值，取当前断路器下一级所有断路器计算所得的最大回路阻抗值Zsub
进一步地，所述步骤S3中的过电流脱扣器包括长延时过电流脱扣器、短延时过电流脱扣器和瞬时过电流脱扣器。高故障电流值出现时，短延时过电流脱扣器和瞬时过电流脱扣器应能够在规定时间内或瞬时动作。
1)过电流脱扣器基于电网特征的整定电流值计算方法为：
长延时脱扣器整定电流：
Kol1×Iz≥Iset1≥Ic
Kol1——绝缘线缆的允许短时过负荷系数；
Iz——线路允许的持续载流量，A；
Ic——线路的计算负荷电流，A。
2)短延时脱扣器整定电流：
Kol2×Iz≥Iset2≥Kset2[IstM1+Ic(n－1)]
Kol2——绝缘线缆的允许短时过负荷系数；
Kset2——短延时过电流脱扣器的可靠系数；
IstM1——线路最大一台电动机的起动电流，A；
Ic(n－1)——除起动电流最大的一台电动机以外的线路计算负荷电流，A。
短延时过电流脱扣器的整定时间通常有0.1s(或0.2s)、0.4s、0.6s、0.8s等，根据需要确定。
3)瞬时脱扣器整定电流：
Kset3——瞬时过电流脱扣器的可靠系数，可取1.2；
I'stM1——线路上最大一台电动机的全起动电流，可取电动机起动电流的2倍，A；
Ic(n－1)——除起动电流最大的一台电动机以外的线路计算负荷电流，A；
U——变压器端电压值；
Zsub——当前断路器下一级所有断路器计算所得的最大回路阻抗值；
K——可靠系数。
进一步地，所述步骤S5中的预设时间阈值为给断路器设三段过流保护。电流速断保护定值为主变低压侧额定电流的4.5～5倍，时间要求0s；限时速断时间级差0.3～0.5s；过流保护按躲过最大负荷电流考虑，时间为0.3～0.5s。
附图说明
图1为本发明的总体流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述，以下内容仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
结合附图1，一种基于终端的台区自愈控制方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：台区终端采用特征电流式台区拓扑识别技术，断路器支持识别特征电流，本地电力线载波通信模块支持发送特征电流。台区终端依次让n个断路器上的本地电力线载波通信模块发送特征电流，发送完毕后，读取n个断路器内的识别记录，最终梳理出台区拓扑识别结果；
S2：台区终端通过HPLC获取n个断路器通过公式计算所得的回路阻抗值并综合计算出当前断路器下一级所有断路器计算所得的最大回路阻抗值Zsub；
S3：台区终端将自身计量数据和读取到的断路器数据通过基于电网特征的整定电流值计算方法计算出n个断路器的过电流脱扣器整定电流值并通过HPLC下发给相对应的断路器；
S4：断路器监测相电流，若电流突变量超预设整定电流值，则认为该相发生了故障，为故障相；
S5：若故障相的故障电流持续时间超过预设时间阈值，则断路器生成闸位变化事件和停上电事件上传至终端并进行跳闸动作；
S6：时间级差以及整定电流值可能有偏差以及短路电流过大会导致故障上游多个断路器均触发动作；
S7：触发跳闸动作的最上级断路器因上进线带电，该断路器载波模块处于仍会组网状态，只产生闸位变化事件主动上报台区终端。该事件中带有发送时刻设备运行状态字、发生时刻断路器变位原因、发生时刻相别、发生时刻电压、发生时刻电流、发生时刻电流方向的数据内容。触发跳闸动作的其它断路器断电，载波模块掉电退网并通过模块内置超级电容产生停上电事件主动上报台区终端；
S8：台区终端依据台区拓扑识别结果信息，综合接收到的各节点断路器的闸位变化事件和停上电事件，进行故障区段定位并从线路拓扑母线侧至负荷侧依次进行断路器的重合闸，直至线路故障点；
若在故障区段从母线侧至负荷侧依次进行断路器重合闸的过程中遇到合闸复跳的情况，台区终端收到断路器主动上报的闸位变化事件，则故障点在该断路器以下区域内。
若在故障区段从母线侧至负荷侧依次进行断路器重合闸直至负荷侧最末端断路器，则故障点为该节点断路器，台区终端不对该节点断路器进行重合闸操作。
台区终端完成重合闸操作的断路器可实现恢复正常线路用电使用，从而达到自愈控制的目的。

Claims (3)

1.一种基于终端的台区自愈控制方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1：台区终端通过台区拓扑识别方法梳理出台区下n个断路器的拓扑结构；
S2：台区终端获取n个断路器计算所得的回路阻抗值并综合计算出当前断路器下一级所有断路器计算所得的最大回路阻抗值Zsub；
S3：台区终端通过基于电网特征的整定电流值计算方法计算出n个断路器的过电流脱扣器整定电流值并下发给相对应的断路器；
S4：断路器监测相电流，若电流突变量超预设整定电流值，则认为该相发生了故障，为故障相；
S5：若故障相的故障电流持续时间超过预设时间阈值，则断路器生成闸位变化事件和停上电事件上传至终端并进行跳闸动作；
S6：时间级差以及整定电流值可能有偏差以及短路电流过大会导致故障上游多个断路器均触发动作；
S7：终端依据台区拓扑识别结果信息，综合接收到的各节点断路器的闸位变化事件和停上电事件，进行故障区段定位并从线路拓扑母线侧至负荷侧依次进行断路器的重合闸，直至线路故障点，恢复正常线路用电使用，从而达到自愈控制的目的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于终端的台区自愈控制方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S1中台区终端采用特征电流式台区拓扑识别技术，断路器支持识别特征电流，本地电力线载波通信模块支持发送特征电流，台区终端依次让n个断路器上的本地电力线载波通信模块发送特征电流，发送完毕后，读取n个断路器内的识别记录，最终梳理出台区拓扑识别结果。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于终端的台区自愈控制方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S3中的过电流脱扣器包括长延时过电流脱扣器、短延时过电流脱扣器和瞬时过电流脱扣器；高故障电流值出现时，短延时过电流脱扣器和瞬时过电流脱扣器应能够在规定时间内或瞬时动作。
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