CN114256517A - Single-tube water system power battery - Google Patents
Single-tube water system power battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN114256517A CN114256517A CN202011023911.8A CN202011023911A CN114256517A CN 114256517 A CN114256517 A CN 114256517A CN 202011023911 A CN202011023911 A CN 202011023911A CN 114256517 A CN114256517 A CN 114256517A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006285 cell suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/38—Construction or manufacture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Filling, Topping-Up Batteries (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of water system secondary batteries, and particularly relates to a single-tube water system power battery. Including battery case and electric core and liquid storage pot, electric core is located inside the battery case, the top of electric core is fixed on the battery case through two utmost point posts, hold electrolyte in the liquid storage pot, the top of liquid storage pot is equipped with the release valve, T type valve is installed at the battery case top, the liquid storage pot passes through the intake pipe and is connected with a port of T type valve, another port of T type valve passes through the drain pipe and connects the liquid storage pot, the one end port of drain pipe is located the inside lower part of liquid storage pot, set up the inner tube between battery case and electric core, the upper end of inner tube is passed through the pipeline and is connected with the third port of T type valve. The method is beneficial to the hydrogen-oxygen recombination speed in the charging and discharging process, greatly improves the cycle times of the nickel-metal hydride battery, solves the historical problem that the barren solution nickel-metal hydride battery cannot be floated, seamlessly replaces the nickel-cadmium battery, and can be directly applied to the fields of rail vehicles, energy storage base stations and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water system secondary batteries, and particularly relates to a single-tube water system power battery.
Background
When an aqueous secondary battery is charged, a certain amount of gas is generated in the battery case as the charging is continued, and the pressure in the battery is increased as the amount of generated gas is gradually increased, which is likely to cause danger or even explosion. Therefore, in the prior art, the battery shell is provided with an exhaust hole for exhausting the gas generated in the shell; or a safety valve is arranged on the vent hole, and when the internal pressure of the battery reaches a certain value, the gas generated in the battery is discharged.
Although the method of exhausting the gas inside the battery through the vent hole is a common and simple method for solving the problem of over-high internal pressure of the battery, the possibility of explosion when the battery is overcharged can be reduced to a certain extent. However, in actual operation, the following drawbacks occur when the gas inside the cell is discharged: (1) when the gas in the battery is discharged to the outside, a part of the reaction liquid is discharged together with the gas, and if the liquid discharged together with the gas adheres to the surface of the battery, there is a possibility that the battery is short-circuited. (2) After the reaction liquid is discharged along with the gas, the reaction liquid in the battery is reduced, so that incomplete reaction in the battery can be caused, the damage speed of the battery is accelerated, the performance of the battery is reduced to a certain extent, and the discrete performance of the battery is rapidly increased. (3) When the safety valve is arranged at the air outlet, because the internal parameters of each battery are not completely the same and the discharge pressure of the safety valve is basically the same during actual production, the phenomenon that the battery is not matched with the safety valve can occur. (4) Based on the third defect, when the batteries with safety valves are connected in series to form the battery pack, the actual performance of each battery is different under the influence of the parameters of the batteries and the safety valves, and the overall performance of the battery pack is influenced after the battery pack is formed. (5) The gas discharged from the battery during charging is acidic or alkaline, and is discharged into the atmosphere, which may have a certain influence on the environment. (6) If the battery adopts a rich liquid structure, the battery core is soaked in the electrolyte for a long time, and patent number CN 109390639A, CN 104064822A, CN 108711642A, CN 108767233A, CN 104064822A discloses a preparation method of a nickel-hydrogen battery, all of which adopt the rich liquid structure, but the battery core is soaked in a large amount of flowing electrolyte for a long time, so that the charging and discharging efficiency is low, and the electrolyte is in the battery, so that the battery is not easy to observe and is not convenient to maintain. (7) If the battery adopts a barren solution structure, the sealing design can be satisfied, the corrosion of the alkali liquor to the hydrogen storage alloy cathode can be reduced, and the service life of the battery can be further prolonged. However, oxygen gas is precipitated from the positive electrode during float charging, and the hydrogen storage alloy is oxidized to lower the charging ability of the negative electrode, which causes an increase in the internal hydrogen partial pressure during battery charging, and eventually causes an increase in the internal pressure of the battery. When the internal pressure of the battery rises to a certain degree, the safety valve of the battery is still opened, and the electrolyte overflows along with the gas, so that the amount of the electrolyte is reduced, the internal resistance is increased, the discharge capacity of the battery is reduced, and finally the cycle life of the battery is shortened. For example, patent No. CN 104134772B, a gas collecting device is shared by the air release valves, so that the air pressure of each battery is consistent, thereby reducing the discreteness of the batteries in the battery pack and improving the consistency of the grouped batteries, but the defect that the batteries cannot be float charged exists.
Patent No. CN 20674237U discloses a storage battery structure equipped with a liquid injection system, a siphon plug is matched with a pipeline joint to form a siphon device, liquid is injected by adopting siphon principle, so that water enters the "siphon device" of the liquid injection system under the action of gravity to form a closed water column. The invention has the defects that the liquid level needs to be manually increased during water supplement, the water can be added through gravity, and the online water supplement/liquid supplement at any time can not be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a single-tube water system power battery, wherein a battery core is always in a barren solution state, the hydrogen-oxygen recombination speed in the charging and discharging process is facilitated, the cycle times of a nickel-hydrogen battery are greatly improved, the historical problem that the barren solution nickel-hydrogen battery cannot float is solved, the discrete type among single batteries in a battery pack is reduced, the long-term floating charging problem is also solved, the single-tube water system power battery technically replaces a nickel-cadmium battery seamlessly, and the single-tube water system power battery can be directly applied to the fields of rail vehicles, energy storage base stations and the like.
The single-water-system power battery comprises a battery shell and a battery cell, wherein the battery cell is positioned in the battery shell, the top of the battery cell is fixed on the battery shell through two polar columns, the single-water-system power battery also comprises a liquid storage tank, electrolyte is contained in the liquid storage tank, an air release valve is arranged at the top of the liquid storage tank, a T-shaped valve is installed at the top of the battery shell, the liquid storage tank is connected with one port of the T-shaped valve through an air inlet pipe, the other port of the T-shaped valve is connected with the liquid storage tank through a liquid outlet pipe, one end port of the liquid outlet pipe is positioned at the lower part in the liquid storage tank, an inner pipe is arranged between the battery shell and the battery cell, and the upper end of the inner pipe is connected with the third port of the T-shaped valve through a pipeline.
The liquid storage pot passes through the intake pipe to be connected with a port of T type valve, and another port of T type valve passes through the drain pipe and connects the liquid storage pot, and the one end port of drain pipe is located the inside lower part of liquid storage pot, and the one end port of drain pipe is located the electrolyte that holds in the liquid storage pot, and the intake pipe port can be high wantonly in the liquid storage pot, and the port of intake pipe is higher than the port of drain pipe, and the preferred setting of port of intake pipe is at the liquid storage pot top. Gas generated in the battery is gathered in the liquid storage tank through the inner tube, the gas pressure in the liquid storage tank is gradually increased, the electrolyte is forced to flow along the liquid outlet tube and enter the battery shell with low air pressure, finally, the batteries needing to be supplemented with the electrolyte are completely supplemented, and the air pressure forms a balance relation. If the air pressure continues to rise, when the difference value of the air pressure rising to be relative to the standard air pressure (the standard air pressure is 10325Pa) is 800-1000 Pa, the air release valve on the top of the liquid storage tank is opened, the air pressure is reduced, and when the difference value of the air pressure reducing to be relative to the standard air pressure is smaller than 500Pa, the air release valve is closed. During charging, the reaction inside the battery consumes electrolyte and can generate gas simultaneously, so that the internal pressure rises to reach a certain pressure, the gas can run to the liquid storage tank through the inner pipe, the gas pressure is fluctuant and can form a certain dynamic relation, and the balance point is that the liquid level inside the battery is just horizontal to the outlet of the inner pipe.
The lower end of the inner tube is preferably located at the bottom of the inside of the battery case.
The inner tube in the battery shell can control the electrolyte not to be added excessively, so that the battery cell is in a barren solution state, the lower end of the inner tube is positioned at the bottom inside the battery shell, the electrolyte in the battery is controlled to be maintained at the bottom, the battery cell is not soaked, the battery cell is in the barren solution state, and good charge and discharge efficiency is kept; preferably, the lower port of the inner tube is 5-10mm lower than the bottom of the battery cell, the distance between the lower port of the inner tube and the bottom inside the battery case is 20-30mm, the electrolyte solution is in the liquid storage tank for a long time, solid slag and the like are inevitably existed, if the distance between the lower port of the inner tube and the bottom of the battery case is too small, the solid slag can be pressed into the battery, causing pipeline blockage or micro short circuit of the battery, if the distance between the lower port of the inner tube and the bottom of the battery case is too large, the energy density of the battery is lower, the proper distance is kept between the lower port of the inner tube and the bottom of the battery case, the flowing electrolyte solution is left at the bottom of the battery cell, and the lower port of the inner tube is 5-10mm lower than the bottom of the battery cell, the height of the electrolyte solution flowing in the battery case is controlled not to be greater than the height of the port of the inner tube, the battery cell is ensured not to be soaked in the electrolyte solution, and the battery cell is fully ensured to be in a poor solution state, and meanwhile, the good electrochemical reaction efficiency of the battery core is ensured, the hydrogen and oxygen recombination speed in the charging and discharging process is facilitated, the cycle number of the battery is greatly improved, the battery has the floating charge capacity in a rich liquid state, and the adding amount of the electrolyte is controlled through an inner tube in a battery shell, so that the battery has the floating charge capacity in the rich liquid state. Through the automatic liquid supplementing and floating charging of the batteries, the air pressure of all the batteries in a group can be kept in dynamic consistency, the monomer inconsistency of the batteries in the battery pack is reduced, the electrolyte is dynamically and automatically supplemented, and the floating charging can be carried out for a long time.
The invention utilizes the principle that the water system secondary battery can generate gas to form certain air pressure in the charging process, the battery shell and the liquid storage tank are connected into a closed loop pipeline through the T-shaped valve, and the air pressure pushes the flowing electrolyte to dynamically flow between the battery shell and the liquid storage tank. The height of the electrolyte in the liquid storage tank accounts for 5% -95% of the height of the liquid storage tank, the height of the electrolyte accounts for 95% of the height of the liquid storage tank at the highest, a certain height margin is reserved for air leakage, and the electrolyte is prevented from being brought out when the air release valve is opened; the electrolyte occupies 5% of the height of the liquid storage tank at least, so that the problem that the bottom of the liquid outlet pipe is dry and cannot be supplemented with the electrolyte for the battery is avoided, the distance from the lower port of the liquid outlet pipe to the bottom of the liquid storage tank is less than 5% of the height of the liquid storage tank, and the lower port of the liquid outlet pipe cannot contact with the bottom of the liquid storage tank. When the electrolyte in the liquid storage tank is insufficient, the air release valve is opened, and the electrolyte is added manually, so that the problem of long-term floating charge is solved while the discrete type among the single batteries in the battery pack is reduced, the nickel-cadmium battery is technically seamlessly replaced, and the battery pack can be directly applied to the fields of rail vehicles, energy storage base stations and the like.
The liquid storage tank is a trapezoidal body or a cylinder, and is made of stainless steel or a metal tank with acid and alkali resistant plastics attached to the inner wall.
One end of the inner pipe is connected with the T-shaped valve, and the other end of the inner pipe is positioned at the bottom inside the battery shell.
The T-shaped valve is installed at the top of the battery shell and is matched with the air inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe to connect the battery shell and the liquid storage tank into a closed-loop pipeline, so that dynamic flow of air flow and liquid is realized. The gas generated during the charging of the battery completely enters the liquid storage tank for recovery and conversion, and does not leak to the outside, so that the overall performance of each battery and the battery pack is not reduced, the short circuit of the battery is not caused, and the atmospheric environment is not influenced.
The inner tube is arranged on the side of the cell, i.e. on a vertical surface of the cell, rather than on the front (horizontal) surface of the cell. The water system battery can expand when charging and discharging, the expansion is not three-dimensional, and is two-dimensional, namely the water system battery can expand along the front (horizontal plane) of the battery cell when charging and discharging, if the inner tube is arranged on the horizontal plane of the battery cell, the problem that the inner tube is flattened by the expansion of the battery cell to block a channel exists, and finally air can not be discharged and electrolyte can not be supplemented. The side surface of the battery core does not swell when the water system battery is charged and discharged, and the inner pipe is arranged on the side surface of the battery core. The electric core of water system secondary battery produces great volume change at the horizontal plane of positive and negative pole piece at the charge-discharge in-process, if the inner tube is arranged at the horizontal plane, can be compressed, block the passageway even, the gas in the battery case is gone out, the electrolyte of outside does not come, can cause inside atmospheric pressure too high and produce danger under the extreme condition, and the perpendicular of electric core, that is to say the side of electric core does not have volume change, the inner tube is arranged in the side of electric core (also is the perpendicular of electric core), can not receive the influence of electric core volume change.
Preferably, battery case, electric core, utmost point post and T type valve all set up the multiunit, and the T type for the valve plastic tubing connection between the adjacent battery case, the liquid storage pot passes through the intake pipe to be connected with the port that is located the T type valve of one end, and the port that is located the T type valve of the other end passes through the drain pipe to be connected the liquid storage pot, forms a closed loop pipeline.
The inner pipe, the liquid outlet pipe, the plastic pipe and the air inlet pipe are made of acid-base-resistant, high-low temperature-resistant and flame-retardant plastic, and the plastic is semitransparent or transparent.
The plastic pipe, the liquid outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe are influenced by the environment in the application process, are aged more quickly, and can be replaced regularly due to the fact that the plastic pipe, the liquid outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe need to be considered, and therefore fastening rings are installed at the connecting positions of the T-shaped valve and the plastic pipe, the inner pipe, the liquid outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe, and replacement is convenient.
In the charging process, the electrolyte can be automatically supplemented to the single battery, and the supplement amount can be automatically controlled, so that the battery can be automatically supplemented under the condition that the electrolyte is consumed by float charging, the battery can be float charged for a long time, and the consistency of the battery is balanced by the upper limit of the float charging. Preferably, a plurality of liquid storage tanks are arranged, and the grouping mode of the plurality of liquid storage tanks can be in series connection, or can be in parallel connection first and then in series connection or in series connection first and then in parallel connection. The liquid storage tanks are arranged in a plurality, so that when the number of the grouped batteries is large, the battery modules are combined, each module comprises one liquid storage tank and one group of batteries, the volume of each liquid storage tank is reduced, preferably, the volume of each liquid storage tank is maintained to be 5-10L, and if the volume is too large, the electrolyte consumption speed is low, the occupied space is large, and the configuration is influenced; if the volume is too small, the fluid infusion period is shortened, the infusion is too frequent, and the efficiency is low. Furthermore, a plurality of liquid storage tanks can be communicated with each other and share one air relief valve, the air relief valve is arranged at the top of each liquid storage tank, the plurality of liquid storage tanks are communicated with each other through hoses, and the hoses preferably penetrate into the bottom of each liquid storage tank and are 5-10mm away from the bottom of each liquid storage tank, so that the grouping cost is reduced.
Because the inner tube is inside the battery case, when electrolyte comes in, gas in the battery case can be blocked, along with charging, the air pressure in the battery case gradually rises and is greater than the air pressure outside, the electrolyte can be pressed to flow out upwards along the inner tube, and the electrolyte can flow to the liquid storage tank. If the battery is a battery pack consisting of a plurality of groups of batteries, the electrolyte can flow to the next battery until the air pressures of the single batteries and the liquid storage tank are balanced, once the balance is broken, the gas and the electrolyte can flow, the inner pipe is arranged in the battery shell, the outlet is arranged at the bottom in the battery shell, the electrolyte flowing in the battery shell can be controlled not to be higher than the outlet, and therefore the battery core is in a poor solution state.
The single-tube water system power battery is a single-tube water system power battery, which is called a nickel-hydrogen battery or a rare earth new power supply for short and can be used in the fields of energy storage 5G base stations, rail transit emergency power supplies and the like, and the electrolyte adopted by the battery is strong alkaline aqueous solution which can be KOH, NaOH, LiOH, Ba (OH)2And the like.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention can directly arrange the inner tube in the battery shell under the condition of not changing the existing production process and production equipment, connect the battery and the liquid storage tank into a closed-loop pipeline through the T-shaped valve, and the air pressure pushes the flowing electrolyte to dynamically flow between the battery and the liquid storage tank; the position of the lower port of the inner tube is reasonably selected, the lower port of the inner tube is 5-10mm lower than the bottom of the battery cell, the distance between the lower port of the inner tube and the bottom inside the battery case is 20-30mm, the amount of the electrolyte added by the inner tube in the battery case is controlled, the battery cell is fully ensured to be in a barren solution state, and the battery has the floating charge capacity in a rich solution state; meanwhile, the battery core is always in a barren solution state, so that the hydrogen-oxygen recombination speed in the charging and discharging process is facilitated, the cycle number of the nickel-hydrogen battery is greatly increased, and the historical problem that the barren solution nickel-hydrogen battery cannot be floated is solved, the service life of the water-based battery is long, the attenuation of the conventional water-based power battery reaches about 20% after about 500 times of cycle according to the discharge depth of 90%, and the attenuation of the water-based battery is less than 20% after more than 3000 times of cycle number; the charging and discharging efficiency is improved to more than 98 percent from the prior conventional 85 percent in the charging and discharging process.
(2) The gas generated during the charging of the battery completely enters the liquid storage tank for recovery and conversion, and does not leak to the outside, so that the overall performance of each battery and the battery pack is not reduced, the short circuit of the battery is not caused, and the atmospheric environment is not influenced.
(3) The electrolyte can be automatically supplemented into the single battery, and the supplement amount can be automatically controlled, so that the battery can be automatically supplemented under the condition that the electrolyte is consumed by floating charge.
(4) The materials used in the invention are all green materials, no waste water, waste gas or waste residue is generated in the manufacturing process, and the real green environmental protection is realized.
(5) When single or multiple batteries are used in groups, the invention utilizes the principle that the water system secondary battery can generate gas to form certain air pressure in the charging process, the battery shell and the liquid storage tank are connected into a closed loop pipeline through the T-shaped valve, the air pressure pushes the flowing electrolyte to dynamically flow between the battery and the liquid storage tank, the adding amount of the electrolyte is controlled by the inner pipe in the battery shell, when the air pressure is overhigh, the air release valve on the liquid storage tank is opened, and when the electrolyte is insufficient, the air release valve is opened to manually add the electrolyte, thereby reducing the discrete type among the single batteries in the battery pack, solving the long-term float charging problem, technically replacing the nickel-cadmium battery seamlessly, and being directly applied to the fields of rail vehicles, energy storage base stations and the like.
(6) The electrolyte is stored in the liquid storage tank firstly, and the proper amount of electrolyte is automatically supplemented to the battery core in the charging process, so that the battery core is always in a barren solution state in the using process of the battery, the battery core can obtain the required flowing electrolyte, the electrochemical reaction is rapidly carried out, meanwhile, the electrolyte in the liquid storage tank can be supplemented in time, and the low-cost and high-efficiency maintenance is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a single-water-system power cell according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-water-system power cell according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a battery shell 1, a battery core 2, a pole post 3, a T-shaped valve 4, a plastic pipe 5, an inner pipe 6, a liquid storage tank 7, an air release valve 8, a liquid outlet pipe 9, an air inlet pipe 10, a fastening ring 11 and electrolyte 12.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The utility model provides a single water system power battery, as shown in figure 1, including battery case 1 and electric core 2, electric core 2 is located inside battery case 1, the top of electric core 2 is fixed on battery case 1 through two utmost point posts 3, still include liquid storage pot 7, hold electrolyte 12 in the liquid storage pot 7, the top of liquid storage pot 7 is equipped with snuffle valve 8, T type valve 4 is installed at battery case 1 top, intake pipe 10 is passed through at the top of liquid storage pot 7 and is connected with a port of T type valve 4, another port of T type valve 4 passes through drain pipe 9 and connects liquid storage pot 7, the one end port of drain pipe 9 is located the inside lower part of liquid storage pot 7, set up inner tube 6 between battery case 1 and electric core 2, the upper end of inner tube 6 is passed through the pipeline and is connected with the third port of T type valve 4, the lower extreme of inner tube 6 is located the inside bottom of battery case 1.
The lower port of the inner tube 6 is 10mm lower than the bottom of the battery core 2, and the distance between the lower port of the inner tube 6 and the bottom inside the battery shell 1 is 28 mm.
The height of the electrolyte 12 in the liquid storage tank 7 is maintained to be 5% -95% of the height of the liquid storage tank 7, and when the height of the electrolyte 12 in the liquid storage tank 7 is lower than 5% of the height of the liquid storage tank 7, the air release valve 8 is opened, and the electrolyte 12 is manually added.
The liquid storage tank 7 is a cylinder and is made of stainless steel.
The inner tube 6 is arranged on the side of the battery cell 2.
The inner pipe 6, the liquid outlet pipe 9 and the air inlet pipe 10 are made of acid-base-resistant, high-low temperature-resistant and flame-retardant plastic, and the plastic is made of transparent material.
Fastening rings 11 are arranged at the joints of the T-shaped valve 4, the inner tube 6, the liquid outlet tube 9 and the air inlet tube 10.
By utilizing the principle that a water system secondary battery can generate gas to form certain air pressure in the charging process, a battery case 1 and a liquid storage tank 5 are connected into a closed loop pipeline through a T-shaped valve 4, the gas generated in the battery case 1 is gathered into the liquid storage tank 7 through an inner pipe 6, the gas pressure in the liquid storage tank 7 is gradually increased, electrolyte 12 is forced to flow along a liquid outlet pipe 9 and enter the battery case 1 with low air pressure, finally, the batteries needing to be supplemented with the electrolyte 12 are completely supplemented, the air pressure forms a balance relation, if the air pressure is continuously increased, when the difference value of the air pressure increased to be relative to standard air pressure (the standard air pressure is 10325Pa) is 900Pa, an air release valve 8 at the top of the liquid storage tank 7 is opened, the air pressure is reduced, and when the air pressure is reduced to be less than 500Pa relative to the standard air pressure, the air release valve 8 is closed; the inner tube 6 in the battery shell 1 can control the electrolyte 12 not to be added too much, so that the battery core is in a poor liquid state, the good electrochemical reaction efficiency of the battery core is ensured, the hydrogen and oxygen recombination speed in the charging and discharging process is facilitated, the cycle number of the battery is greatly improved, and the battery has the floating charging capacity in a rich liquid state.
Because the inner tube 6 is in the battery shell 1, when the electrolyte 12 comes in, the electrolyte will block the gas in the battery shell 1, and along with the charging, the air pressure in the battery shell 1 gradually rises, and is higher than the outside air pressure, so that the electrolyte 12 will be pressed to flow out upwards along the inner tube 6, and will flow to the liquid storage tank 7. Until the air pressures of the battery and the liquid storage tank 7 are balanced, once the balance is broken, the gas and the electrolyte 12 flow, the inner pipe 6 is arranged in the battery shell 1, the port of the inner pipe 6 is arranged at the bottom in the battery shell 1, and the height of the electrolyte 12 flowing in the battery shell 1 can be controlled not to be larger than the height of the port of the inner pipe 6, so that the battery core 2 is in a poor liquid state.
The battery case 1 and the liquid storage tank 7 are connected into a closed-loop pipeline through the T-shaped valve 4, the air pressure pushes the flowing electrolyte 12 to dynamically flow between the battery case 1 and the liquid storage tank 7, the inner pipe 6 in the battery case 1 controls the adding amount of the electrolyte 12, when the air pressure is too high, the air release valve 8 on the liquid storage tank 7 is opened, when the electrolyte 12 in the liquid storage tank 7 is insufficient (the height of the electrolyte 12 in the liquid storage tank 7 accounts for less than 5% of the height of the liquid storage tank 7), the air release valve 8 is opened, and the electrolyte 12 is manually added, so that the discrete type between single batteries in the battery pack is reduced, the long-term float charging problem is also solved, the nickel-cadmium battery is technically seamlessly replaced, and the air-fuel cell suspension system can be directly applied to the fields of rail vehicles, energy storage base stations and the like.
The battery obtained in the embodiment is cycled for 3500 times according to the discharge depth of 90%, and the attenuation is less than 20%; the charging and discharging efficiency is improved to 98.6 percent from the conventional 85 percent in the charging and discharging process.
Example 2
The utility model provides a single water system power battery, as shown in fig. 2, including battery case 1 and electric core 2, electric core 2 is located inside battery case 1, the top of electric core 2 is fixed on battery case 1 through two utmost point posts 3, still include liquid storage pot 7, hold electrolyte 12 in the liquid storage pot 7, the top of liquid storage pot 7 is equipped with snuffle valve 8, T type valve 4 is installed at battery case 1 top, intake pipe 10 is passed through at the top of liquid storage pot 7 and is connected with a port of T type valve 4, another port of T type valve 4 passes through drain pipe 9 and connects liquid storage pot 7, the one end port of drain pipe 9 is located the inside lower part of liquid storage pot 7, set up inner tube 6 between battery case 1 and electric core 2, the upper end of inner tube 6 is passed through the pipeline and is connected with the third port of T type valve 4, the lower extreme of inner tube 6 is located the inside bottom of battery case 1.
The lower port of the inner tube 6 is 6mm lower than the bottom of the battery core 2, and the distance between the lower port of the inner tube 6 and the bottom inside the battery shell 1 is 20 mm.
The height of the electrolyte 12 in the liquid storage tank 7 is maintained to be 5% -95% of the height of the liquid storage tank 7, and when the height of the electrolyte 12 in the liquid storage tank 7 is lower than 5% of the height of the liquid storage tank 7, the air release valve 8 is opened, and the electrolyte is manually added.
The battery cases 1, the battery cores 2, the polar columns 3 and the T-shaped valves 4 are all provided with three groups, the T-shaped valves 4 between the adjacent battery cases 1 are connected through plastic pipes 5, the top of the liquid storage tank 7 is connected with the port of the T-shaped valve 4 located at one end through an air inlet pipe 10, and the port of the T-shaped valve 4 located at the other end is connected with the liquid storage tank 7 through a liquid outlet pipe 9.
The liquid storage tank 7 is a cylinder and is made of a metal tank with acid and alkali resistant plastics attached to the inner wall.
The inner tube 6 is arranged on the side of the battery cell 2.
The inner pipe 6, the liquid outlet pipe 9 and the air inlet pipe 10 are made of acid-base-resistant, high-low temperature-resistant and flame-retardant plastic, and the plastic is made of transparent materials.
Fastening rings 11 are arranged at the joints of the T-shaped valve 4, the inner tube 6, the plastic tube 5, the liquid outlet tube 9 and the air inlet tube 10.
The volume of the single reservoir 7 was maintained at 10L.
By utilizing the principle that gas generated by a water-based secondary battery in the charging process forms certain air pressure, three groups of battery cases 1 and a liquid storage tank 5 are connected into a closed loop pipeline through three T-shaped valves 4, the air pressure in the battery cases 1 gradually rises and is higher than the outside air pressure, so that electrolyte 12 is pressed to flow upwards along an inner pipe 6 and flow to the next battery, and finally flows to the liquid storage tank 7 until the air pressures of the single batteries and the liquid storage tank 7 are balanced, once the balance is broken, the gas and the electrolyte 12 can flow, the inner pipe 6 is arranged in the battery cases 1, an outlet is arranged at the bottom in the battery cases 1, the height of the electrolyte 12 flowing in the battery cases can be controlled not to be higher than the outlet, so that the battery core 2 is in a poor liquid state, the good electrochemical reaction efficiency of the battery core is ensured, the hydrogen-oxygen recombination speed in the charging and discharging process is facilitated, and the cycle number of the battery is greatly improved, and the battery also has the floating charge capacity in a rich liquid state.
The battery obtained by the embodiment has 3000 circulation times and attenuation less than 20% according to the discharge depth of 90%; the charging and discharging efficiency is improved to 98.3 percent from the conventional 85 percent in the charging and discharging process.
Comparative example
A single water system power cell, using the same structure as in example 1, the only difference being: the lower end opening of the inner tube 6 is 10mm higher than the bottom of the cell 12.
The battery obtained by adopting the comparative example has the advantages that the attenuation reaches 20% after 3000 times of circulation according to the discharge depth of 90%, and the charge-discharge efficiency is 96.5% in the charge-discharge process.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a single tube water system power battery, includes battery case (1) and electric core (2), and electric core (2) are located inside battery case (1), and the top of electric core (2) is fixed on battery case (1) through two utmost point posts (3), its characterized in that: still include liquid storage pot (7), hold electrolyte (12) in liquid storage pot (7), the top of liquid storage pot (7) is equipped with snuffle valve (8), T type valve (4) are installed at battery case (1) top, liquid storage pot (7) are connected through intake pipe (10) and a port of T type valve (4), liquid storage pot (7) are connected through drain pipe (9) to another port of T type valve (4), the one end port of drain pipe (9) is located the inside lower part of liquid storage pot (7), set up inner tube (6) between battery case (1) and electric core (2), the upper end of inner tube (6) is passed through the pipeline and is connected with the third port of T type valve (4).
2. The single water system power cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower port of the inner tube (6) is 5-10mm lower than the bottom of the battery cell (2), and the distance between the lower port of the inner tube (6) and the bottom inside the battery shell (1) is 20-30 mm.
3. The single water system power cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the electrolyte (12) in the liquid storage tank (7) accounts for 5 to 95 percent of the height of the liquid storage tank (7).
4. The single water system power cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid storage tank (7) is a trapezoid or a cylinder, and is made of stainless steel or a metal tank with an acid and alkali resistant plastic attached to the inner wall.
5. The single water system power cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner tube (6) is arranged on the side surface of the battery cell (2).
6. The single water system power cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the battery shell (1), the battery core (2), the pole column (3) and the T-shaped valve (4) are all provided with a plurality of groups, the T-shaped valve (4) between the adjacent battery shells (1) is connected through a plastic pipe (5), the liquid storage tank (7) is connected with the port of the T-shaped valve (4) located at one end through an air inlet pipe (10), and the port of the T-shaped valve (4) located at the other end is connected with the liquid storage tank (7) through a liquid outlet pipe (9).
7. The single water system power cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: the inner pipe (6), the liquid outlet pipe (9), the plastic pipe (5) and the air inlet pipe (10) are made of acid-base-resistant, high-low temperature-resistant and flame-retardant plastic, and the plastic is made of semitransparent or transparent materials.
8. The single water system power cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: fastening rings (11) are arranged at the joints of the T-shaped valve (4) and the plastic pipe (5), the inner pipe (6), the liquid outlet pipe (9) and the air inlet pipe (10).
9. The single water system power cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: the liquid storage tanks (7) are arranged in a plurality, and the plurality of liquid storage tanks (7) are grouped in a serial connection mode, a serial connection mode after parallel connection mode or a serial connection mode after parallel connection mode.
10. The single water system power cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: the volume of the single liquid storage tank (7) is maintained at 5-10L.
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| JP2019071193A (en) * | 2017-10-06 | 2019-05-09 | 日立化成株式会社 | Aqueous secondary battery and power generating system |
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| CN101127393A (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2008-02-20 | 中国人民解放军63971部队 | Zinc-nickel flow battery |
| KR100837894B1 (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-06-13 | 세방전지주식회사 | Apparatus and method for injecting an electrolyte of an sealed ni-mh battery |
| CN202749451U (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2013-02-20 | 松下能源(无锡)有限公司 | Electrolyte injection system |
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