CN114255829A - Method for identifying novel manganese ore beds - Google Patents
Method for identifying novel manganese ore beds Download PDFInfo
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- CN114255829A CN114255829A CN202111518588.6A CN202111518588A CN114255829A CN 114255829 A CN114255829 A CN 114255829A CN 202111518588 A CN202111518588 A CN 202111518588A CN 114255829 A CN114255829 A CN 114255829A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for identifying a new type of manganese ore bed, wherein the new type of manganese ore is a rhodochrosite bed formed by the overflow and deposition of a deep manganese-containing gas-liquid fluid in the center of a secondary valley-cracking basin along the intergrowth fracture under the action of a manganese ore enrichment mechanism controlled by three elements of valley-cracking basin, intergrowth fracture and gas-liquid fluid. The identification method is to identify and control the mineralization structure of the new type of manganese ore bed, the formed ore phase space zonation, the structural structure, the altered minerals, the geochemical marker and the like in the process of mineralization of the new type of manganese ore caused by internal and external production. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the identification method can provide identification working steps and specific identification indexes for correctly judging whether the new type of manganese ore bed is provided. Because the manganese ore beds with different cause types have different prediction modes and exploration methods, the method can provide a technical scheme for exploring and finding the new type of large-scale and ultra-large-scale manganese-rich ore beds and solving the problem that manganese ore resources are blocked in China.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for identifying a manganese ore bed, in particular to a method for identifying a new type of manganese ore bed, and belongs to the technical field of manganese ore resource exploration.
Background
For a long time, the international deposit society has considered that manganese ore is mainly an exogenous deposition cause from paleo-terrestrial weathering, and a 'manganese ore deposition phase change ore formation' mode, a 'bathtub edge' mode, a 'porno' mode, a 'manganese pump' mode, a 'minimum oxidation zone' mode and the like are successively proposed. Under the guidance of the modes, the cause types of the manganese ore beds mainly comprise marine phase deposition type, deposition modification type, layer control lead-zinc-iron-manganese type and weathering type manganese ore beds, and the traditional identification methods of the types of the manganese ore beds are mature.
A series of 'big pond slope type' large-ultra large manganese ore beds in northeast Guizhou are distributed in a marine sedimentary rock system of deeper water and belong to sediments of secondary moat settlement-sedimentation centers of south China ancient rift valleys far away from the coast. The newly discovered macroscopic deposit sign identification and slice rock ore identification of the tall and super-large manganese ore drilled rock core of the pine peach land are matched with scanning electron microscope detection, a plurality of important phenomena capable of revealing the source and the ore forming mechanism of the manganese ore bed are discovered, the formation of the large pond slope type rhodochrosite, the multiple spray deposition of the internally generated manganese-containing gas and liquid and the composite filling and overlapping of the quasi-contemporaneous period are discovered, the specific sign of the rich rhodochrosite ore body is formed, and the rich rhodochrosite ore forming mode of 'the composite ore forming of the multiple spray deposition of the manganese-containing gas and liquid and the quasi-contemporaneous multiple filling is established'.
The research shows that: the edge phase strip-shaped rhodochrosite formed by the manganese-containing gas-liquid bed separation and the spray deposition forms the primary lean manganese ore body in the large pond slope type manganese ore gas-liquid spray deposition mineralization system. The bubble-shaped rhodochrosite-rich ore of the central phase is formed by further percolating, filling and compounding the primary manganese-poor ore body with manganese-containing gas-liquid in the quasi-same growth period to form the rhodochrosite-rich ore body in the large pond ramosite gas-liquid overflowing and depositing mineralization system. The blocky rhodochrosite forming the transition phase is medium-grade rhodochrosite formed by insufficient percolation and filling of manganese-containing gas-liquid in a quasi-synchronous period and slightly high content of land debris, and forms a medium-manganese ore body in a large pond slope type manganese ore gas-liquid overflow deposition mineralization system. A new type of manganese ore prospecting model is established, and important breakthrough is made in guiding deep hidden manganese ore prospecting in the Guizhong region.
The large pond slope type rhodochrosite bed is a novel manganese bed which is large in scale and rare in the world. Due to the lack of a new type of manganese ore bed identification method, the traditional type of manganese ore bed identification method is adopted for a long time, the new discovery and evaluation of the new type of manganese ore are restricted, and the long-term attack of the manganese ore geology in China is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a method for identifying a new type of manganese ore bed, namely a method for identifying a gas-liquid overflowing and depositing type rhodochrosite bed, wherein the new type of manganese ore is formed by overflowing and depositing a deep manganese-containing gas-liquid fluid in the center of a secondary valley-cracking basin along the intergrowth fracture under the action of a manganese ore enrichment mechanism controlled by three elements of 'valley-cracking basin-intergrowth fracture-gas-liquid fluid'.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme: the method for identifying the new type of manganese ore bed comprises the following steps
Step one, judging that a spatial ore deposit is positioned at a specific position of a regional ore control structure;
step two, the ore deposit on the vertical direction is provided with a building block type ore phase separation zone;
step three, the ore deposit on the plane has annular ore phase separation zones;
judging whether the ore structure accords with the structural characteristics of the central phase ore structure, the structural characteristics of the transition phase ore structure or the structural characteristics of the edge phase ore structure;
judging whether ore mineral components meet the central phase ore mineral component characteristics, transition phase ore mineral component characteristics or edge phase ore mineral component characteristics;
sixthly, judging the geochemical characteristics;
and seventhly, judging whether the following double deposition characteristics are met.
As a still further scheme of the invention: in the first step, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
judging the intergrown fracture intersection part of the ore deposit output at the base ore guide fracture and ore blending;
and secondly, judging the secondary cutting basin center of the ore deposit in the valley cracking basin and controlled by the intergrown fracture.
As a still further scheme of the invention: in the second step, the method specifically comprises the following steps: in the central phase region of the ore deposit, from bottom to top in the vertical direction, a cordwood ore phase separation belt appears, which reflects the upwelling of the manganese-containing gas-liquid bed bridge, such as a reticular manganese ore vein breccia conglomerate, a dendritic manganese-rich ore vein, a layered bubble-like structure of a rhodochrosite body, a layered and lenticular block-like structure of the rhodochrosite body, a steeply inclined strip-like structure of the rhodochrosite body, a layered strip-like structure of the rhodochrosite body, and a turback structure of the manganese-containing carbonaceous mudstone.
As a still further scheme of the invention: in the third step, the method specifically comprises the following steps: on the plane from inside to outside, zonal ore phase separation of a central phase (bubble-shaped high-grade rhodochrosite, rich rhodochrosite ore body, manganese grade of which is more than or equal to 25 percent), a transition phase (blocky medium-grade rhodochrosite, medium rhodochrosite ore body, manganese grade of which is 15 to 25 percent) and an edge phase (strip-shaped low-grade rhodochrosite, poor rhodochrosite ore body, manganese grade of which is less than or equal to 15 percent) reflecting the overflow and diffusion of the manganese-containing gas-liquid appears.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the fourth step specifically comprises:
the structural characteristics of the center phase ore structure are as follows:
bubble-like structure + block-like structure; the rhodochrosite has high crystallization degree, is spherical and egg-shaped, 80-90% of rhodochrosite particles have the particle size of less than 0.004mm, and 10-20% of rhodochrosite particles have the particle size of more than or equal to 0.02 mm. The rich-manganous rhombohedral ore body generally develops elliptical bubble-shaped structures with different sizes, closely coexists with manganese-containing white silicon veins with different widths, the manganese-containing white silicon veins contain a large number of micro bubble-shaped structures with the diameter of 10-20 mu m which are difficult to be seen by naked eyes, the structures and the components of the large bubble-shaped structures with the diameter of 1-18 mmd and the micro bubble-shaped structures with the diameter of 10-20 mu m are the same, the outer side of the structure is a white silicon thin shell, and the structure contains manganese calcite, manganese dolomite or calbirnessite and the inner part is carbon and pyrite slime crystals. The composition of the manganese-containing white siliceous veins is similar or identical to that of the bubble-like structural envelope.
Structure and structure characteristics of transition phase ore:
a block configuration + a strip configuration; the lump rhodochrosite has a fine bubble structure of 10 to 20 μm, wherein 70 to 85% of rhodochrosite particles are crystallized and the lump rhodochrosite ore adjacent to the central phase region has a fine bubble structure.
③ the structural characteristics of the edge phase ore:
a strip-like configuration; the crystallization degree of the rhodochrosite is low, and only 5 to 10 percent of rhodochrosite particles are crystallized. The interbedded layer of horizontal texture silt (land source debris) and silt-fine sand level agglomerate-shaped mud crystal rhodochrosite, the interbedded layer of slumping or graded grain order or blocky layer silt-fine sandstone and carbonaceous rhodochrosite mudstone has the dual characteristics of manganese-containing gas-liquid fluid overflow sedimentation and land source fine debris sedimentation interfered by underwater gravity flow. Each silt-fine sand grade agglomerate-shaped mud crystal rhodochrosite grain layer can be divided into a thicker lower carbon-poor fine sand grade agglomerate-shaped carbon-containing rhodochrosite mud grain layer and a thinner upper carbon-rich silt grade agglomerate-shaped carbon mud grain layer to form a micro-convolution of manganese-containing gas-liquid overflow deposition.
As a still further scheme of the invention: in the fifth step, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
central phase ore mineral composition characteristics:
(1) the mineral composition formed by the mineral formation effect of gas-liquid overflow deposition of the endogenous manganese-containing gas is rhodochrosite, caltropane and manganese calcite, and the mineral composition is subjected to superimposed silicification and yellow iron mineralization;
(2) the exogenous substances in the same deposition period are as follows: land source debris (clastic rock, metamorphic claystone, igneous rock and the like), a small amount of quartz and feldspar, the granularity of the ground sand grade as a main fine sand grade, and the roundness and the sorting are good.
The mineral composition characteristics of transition phase ore:
(1) the mineral combination formed by the mineral forming action of the internal manganese-containing gas-liquid overflow deposition is rhodochrosite, a small amount of caltropane and manganese calcite.
(2) The minerals with deposition outside the same deposition period are: land source debris (clastic rock, metamorphic claystone, igneous rock and the like) + a small amount of quartz and feldspar, the powder sand grade granularity accounts for 90-95%, the fine sand grade granularity is less than or equal to 5%, and the roundness and the sorting are good.
③ the mineral composition characteristics of the edge phase ore:
(1) the mineral combination is formed by the mineral forming effect of gas-liquid overflow deposition of the internal manganese-containing gas, the content of rhodochrosite is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the content of caltropase and manganese calcite is less than or equal to 5 percent;
(2) the minerals with deposition outside the same deposition period are: land source debris (clastic rock, metamorphic claystone, igneous rock and the like) and a small amount of quartz and feldspar account for 30 percent of the total amount of substances in the layer section, the powder sand grade granularity accounts for 90-95 percent, the fine sand grade granularity is less than or equal to 5 percent, and the roundness and the sorting are good.
As a still further scheme of the invention: in the sixth step, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the sulfur isotope characteristics of the pyrite in the chabazite manganese ore body in the central phase region are as follows: delta34S/‰＝+55～+75；
The sulfur isotope characteristics of the pyrite in the transition phase zone chabazite manganese ore body are as follows: delta34S/‰＝+45～+55；
③ the sulfur isotope characteristics of the pyrite in the edge phase zone chabazite manganese ore body: delta34S/‰＝+35～+45；
Fourthly, the ratio Mn/Cr of the average content of Mn element and Cr element of the manganese-containing carbonaceous mudstone in the manganese-containing rock system of the chabazite manganese ore body is 35-45;
carbon isotope delta in chabazite manganese ore body13C/‰＝-7～-10。
As a still further scheme of the invention: in the seventh step, the method specifically comprises the following steps: the manganese-containing rock system is formed in a cutting basin in a deeper water environment, and the sedimentation center and the thickness center of the manganese-containing rock system are superposed with the manganese-containing gas-liquid fluid overflow sedimentation center. The basin center sedimentary phase has the dual characteristics of manganese-containing gas-liquid fluid overflow sedimentation and land-source fine debris sedimentation interfered by underwater gravity flow.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: during the process of forming new type of manganese ore by internal and external generation, the forming structure of the new type of manganese ore bed is identified and controlled, and the formed ore phase space zonation, structural structure, altered minerals, geochemical signs and the like are formed. The identification method provides working steps and specific indexes for correctly judging whether the new type of manganese ore bed is available, and provides a technical scheme for exploring and finding the new type of ultra-large manganese-rich ore bed and solving the problem that manganese ore resources are blocked in China.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a distribution of a pine peach plum jiawan-highland-dao luohuajiu basin and ore;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the investigation line of the pine peach highland super-large manganese ore bed No. 31;
fig. 3 is a sketch of the field outcrop combination of the pine peach large pond slope manganese ore beds.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
A method for identifying a new type of manganese ore bed comprises the following steps:
step one, judging that the ore deposit is positioned at a specific position of a regional ore control structure in space.
In the first step, the method specifically comprises the following steps: judging the intergrown fracture intersection part of the ore deposit output at the base ore guide fracture and ore blending; and secondly, judging the secondary cutting basin center of the ore deposit in the valley cracking basin and controlled by the intergrown fracture.
And step two, the ore deposit on the vertical direction is provided with a building block type ore phase separation zone.
In the second step, the method specifically comprises the following steps: in the central phase region of the ore deposit, from bottom to top in the vertical direction, a cordwood ore phase separation belt appears, which reflects the upwelling of the manganese-containing gas-liquid bed bridge, such as a reticular manganese ore vein breccia conglomerate, a dendritic manganese-rich ore vein, a layered bubble-like structure of a rhodochrosite body, a layered and lenticular block-like structure of the rhodochrosite body, a steeply inclined strip-like structure of the rhodochrosite body, a layered strip-like structure of the rhodochrosite body, and a turback structure of the manganese-containing carbonaceous mudstone.
And step three, the ore deposit on the plane has annular ore phase separation zones.
In the third step, the method specifically comprises the following steps: on the plane from inside to outside, zonal ore phase separation of a central phase (bubble-shaped high-grade rhodochrosite, rich rhodochrosite ore body, manganese grade of which is more than or equal to 25 percent), a transition phase (blocky medium-grade rhodochrosite, medium rhodochrosite ore body, manganese grade of which is 15 to 25 percent) and an edge phase (strip-shaped low-grade rhodochrosite, poor rhodochrosite ore body, manganese grade of which is less than or equal to 15 percent) reflecting the overflow and diffusion of the manganese-containing gas-liquid appears.
And step four, judging whether the ore structure accords with the structural characteristics of the central phase ore structure, the structural characteristics of the transition phase ore structure or the structural characteristics of the edge phase ore structure.
The fourth step specifically comprises:
the structural characteristics of the center phase ore structure are as follows:
bubble-like structure + block-like structure; the rhodochrosite has high crystallization degree, is spherical and egg-shaped, the granularity of most rhodochrosite particles (80-90 percent) is still less than 0.004mm, and the granularity of 10-20 percent of rhodochrosite particles is not less than 0.02 mm. The rich-manganous rhombohedral ore body develops an elliptical bubble-shaped structure with the length of 1-18 mm, closely coexists with a manganese-containing white silicon vein with different widths, a 10-20 mu m micro bubble-shaped structure which is difficult to see by naked eyes is generally distributed in the manganese-containing white silicon vein, the structure and the components of a 1-18 mm large bubble-shaped structure and a 10-20 mu m micro bubble-shaped structure are the same, the outer side of the structure is a white silicon thin shell, and the interior of the structure is black carbon and pyrite mud crystals. The composition of the manganese-containing white siliceous veins is similar or identical to that of the bubble-like structural envelope.
Structure and structure characteristics of transition phase ore:
a block configuration + a strip configuration; in the bulk structure, 70 to 85% of the rhodochrosite particles are crystallized, and the bulk rhodochrosite ore adjacent to the central phase region has a fine bubble-like structure of 10 to 20 μm.
③ the structural characteristics of the edge phase ore:
a strip-like configuration; 5-10% of rhodochrosite particles have low crystallization degree. The interbedded layer of horizontal texture silt (land source debris) and silt-fine sand level agglomerate-shaped mud crystal rhodochrosite, the interbedded layer of slumping or graded grain order or blocky layer silt-fine sandstone and carbonaceous rhodochrosite mudstone has the dual characteristics of manganese-containing gas-liquid fluid overflow sedimentation and land source fine debris sedimentation interfered by underwater gravity flow. Each silt-fine sand grade agglomerate-shaped mud crystal rhodochrosite grain layer can be divided into a thicker lower carbon-poor fine sand grade agglomerate-shaped carbon-containing rhodochrosite mud grain layer and a thinner upper carbon-rich silt grade agglomerate-shaped carbon mud grain layer to form a micro-convolution of manganese-containing gas-liquid overflow deposition.
And fifthly, judging whether the ore mineral components meet the central phase ore mineral component characteristics, the transition phase ore mineral component characteristics or the edge phase ore mineral component characteristics.
In the fifth step, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
central phase ore mineral composition characteristics:
(1) the mineral composition formed by the mineral formation effect of gas-liquid overflow deposition of the endogenous manganese-containing gas is rhodochrosite, caltropane and manganese calcite, and the mineral composition is subjected to superimposed silicification and yellow iron mineralization;
(2) the exogenous substances in the same deposition period are as follows: land source debris (clastic rock, metamorphic claystone, igneous rock and the like) + a small amount of quartz and feldspar, the powder sand grade granularity accounts for 90-95%, the fine sand grade granularity is less than or equal to 5%, and the roundness and the sorting are good.
The mineral composition characteristics of transition phase ore:
(1) the mineral combination formed by the mineral forming action of the internal manganese-containing gas-liquid overflow deposition is rhodochrosite, a small amount of caltropane and manganese calcite.
(2) The minerals with deposition outside the same deposition period are: land source debris (clastic rock, metamorphic claystone, igneous rock and the like), a small amount of quartz and feldspar, the granularity of the ground sand grade as a main fine sand grade, and the roundness and the sorting are good.
③ the mineral composition characteristics of the edge phase ore:
(1) the mineral composition formed by the gas-liquid overflow deposition mineralization of the internal manganese-containing gas is mainly rhodochrosite (more than or equal to 95 percent), and calbirnessite and manganese calcite are less than or equal to 5 percent;
(2) the minerals with deposition outside the same deposition period are: land source debris (clastic rock, metamorphic claystone, igneous rock and the like) + a small amount of quartz and feldspar, accounting for 30 percent of the total amount of substances in the layer section, 90 to 95 percent of powder sand grade granularity, less than or equal to 5 percent of fine sand grade granularity, and good roundness and sorting.
And sixthly, judging the geochemical characteristics.
In the sixth step, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the sulfur isotope characteristics of the pyrite in the chabazite manganese ore body in the central phase region are as follows: delta34S/‰＝+55～+75；
The sulfur isotope characteristics of the pyrite in the transition phase zone chabazite manganese ore body are as follows: delta34S/‰＝+45～+55；
③ the sulfur isotope characteristics of the pyrite in the edge phase zone chabazite manganese ore body: delta34S/‰＝+35～+45；
Fourthly, the ratio Mn/Cr of the average content of Mn element and Cr element of the manganese-containing carbonaceous mudstone in the manganese-containing rock system of the chabazite manganese ore body is 35-45;
carbon isotope delta in chabazite manganese ore body13C/‰＝-7～-10。
And seventhly, judging whether the following double deposition characteristics are met.
In the seventh step, the method specifically comprises the following steps: the manganese-containing rock system is formed in a cutting basin in a deeper water environment, and the sedimentation center and the thickness center of the manganese-containing rock system are superposed with the manganese-containing gas-liquid fluid overflow sedimentation center. The basin center sedimentary phase has the dual characteristics of manganese-containing gas-liquid fluid overflow sedimentation and land-source fine debris sedimentation interfered by underwater gravity flow.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1 to 3: a new type of manganese ore bed identification method takes a Guizhou pine peach highland super large (rich) manganese ore bed as an example. The method is respectively carried out aiming at different data source conditions, and comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, judging the intersection position of ore deposit output at the ore guiding fracture and the ore blending contemporaneous fracture of the substrate;
as shown in the attached figure 1, the ore blending structure is formed by two contemporaneous fractures SF5-1 and SF5-2 and a cutting basin formed by the two contemporaneous fractures. The ore guide structure is hidden northwest substrate fracture, and the width of the ore guide structure reaches 30-40 km, which cannot be shown in the figure. However, the graben basin protrudes in the north-west direction as a whole due to the combined control (intersection part) of the hidden ore breaking in the north-west direction and the ore blending breaking in the north-east direction.
Step 1.2, judging the secondary cutting basin center of the ore deposit output in the valley basin under the control of syngenetic fracture.
As shown in the attached figure 1 of the example, the pine peach high-land ultra-large (rich) manganese ore beds and road lump ultra-large manganese ore beds are produced in the centers of two cutting basins which are formed by simultaneous fracture control of SF5-1 and SF 5-2.
step 2.1, in the central phase region of the ore deposit, from bottom to top in the vertical direction, a cordwood ore phase separation belt of the reticular manganese ore vein glutenite reflecting the upwelling of the manganese-containing gas-liquid diapir → the dendritic manganese-rich ore vein → the rhodochrosite body with the layered-like bubble-like structure → the rhodochrosite body with the layered-like and lenticular block-like structure → the rhodochrosite body with the upright-like strip-like structure → the rhodochrosite body with the layered-like strip-like structure → the turtle back structure manganese-containing carbonaceous mudstone appears.
Such as Zk3111 → Zk309 → Zk307 → Zk3110 → Zk3109 → Zk3108 in this example, the manganese ore body disclosed by the borehole and FIG. 3 (a combined sketch of the field outcrop of the pine peach pond ramsdellite bed).
And 2.2, in a transition phase region of the ore deposit, from bottom to top in the vertical direction, generating a building block type ore phase separation zone which reflects the spraying and depositing action of the manganese-containing gas-liquid, namely a laminated block-shaped structure of rhodochrosite body → a laminated strip-shaped structure of rhodochrosite body → manganese-containing carbon mudstone.
Such as transition zone chabazite bodies as disclosed by Zk3113, Zk3107-1 drilling in FIG. 2 of this example.
And 2.3, in the edge phase region of the ore deposit, from top to bottom in the vertical direction, generating a cordwood ore phase separation zone of rhodochrosite body → manganese-containing carbon mudstone, wherein the cordwood ore phase separation zone reflects the layered strip-shaped structure of the manganese-containing gas-liquid spraying deposition action.
Such as the edge phase zone chabazite body disclosed by Zk3105 drilling in this example FIG. 2.
step 3.1 in the central phase region of the deposit:
from bottom to top vertically, dendritic vein-shaped manganese-rich ore bodies (manganese grade is more than or equal to 25%) → bubble-shaped manganese-rich ore bodies (manganese grade is more than or equal to 25%) → block-shaped medium-grade magnesite ore bodies (manganese grade is 20% -25%) → strip-shaped medium-low grade magnesite ore bodies (manganese grade is 10% -20%) → manganese-containing carbonaceous mudstone (manganese content is less than or equal to 10%).
On the plane: the average manganese grade and the average thickness of the manganese-rich ore body in the central phase area are overall stable and do not change much.
The average grade and average thickness of the manganese-rich ore body as disclosed by the example of drilling the holes in fig. 2, Zk3111 → Zk309 → Zk307 → Zk3110 → Zk3109 → Zk3108, are: 25.61 (%)/8.27 (m) → 25.99 (%)/6.61 (m) → 27.74 (%)/3.18 (m) → 25.28 (%)/4.29 (m) → 25.09 (%)/7.11 → (m)26.41 (%)/6.27 (m).
Step 3.2 in the transition phase region of the deposit:
vertically upwards: from bottom to top, lump manganese-rich ore body (manganese grade: not less than 25%) → lump medium-grade chabazite ore body (manganese grade: 18% -25%) → strip-shaped low-grade chabazite ore body (manganese grade: 15% -18%) → manganese-containing carbonaceous mudstone (manganese content: not more than 10%) appear locally.
On the plane: the manganese grade in the transition phase region is reduced more rapidly than that in the central phase region. From inside to outside, the number of layers and the thickness of the blocky medium-grade chabazite ore bodies are gradually reduced, and the number of layers and the thickness of the strip-shaped medium-grade and low-grade chabazite ore bodies are gradually increased.
The Zk3107-1 drilling in the example of FIG. 2 reveals transition phase zone chabazite ore bodies with an average grade and average thickness of 20.27 (%)/4.62 (m), respectively, wherein a layer of manganese-rich ore bodies is distributed on the bottom, and the average grade and average thickness are 25.50 (%)/1.90 (m).
Step 3.3 in the edge phase zone of the deposit,
vertically upwards: from bottom to top, blocky medium-low grade chabazite manganese ore bodies (manganese grade: 15-18%) → strip-shaped low grade lean chabazite manganese ore bodies (manganese grade: 10-15%) → manganese-containing carbonaceous mudstone (manganese content: less than or equal to 10%) appear.
On the plane: the manganese grade in the edge phase region is reduced more rapidly than that in the transition phase region. From inside to outside, the layer number and the thickness of the blocky low-grade and medium-grade magnesite ore body are gradually reduced and quickly become the strip-shaped low-grade lean magnesite ore body. And then outward, the phase is changed into the manganese-containing carbonaceous mudstone.
The average grade and average thickness of the edge phase zone chabazite body revealed by Zk3105 drilling in FIG. 2 of this example are: 18.48 (%)/4.51 (m). In addition, Zk705 (not shown) drilled to reveal an edge phase zone of the chabazite body with an average grade and an average thickness of 10.74 (%)/0.81 (m).
And then outward, such as Zk2705, without the distribution of rhodochrosite body, the phase is changed into a manganese-containing carbonaceous mudstone, and the manganese content is 0.23-2.85%.
step 4.1 structural characteristics of the central phase ore structure:
for all drilled rhodochrosite core samples of the central phase region delineated in the examples, samples were taken for microstructural analysis:
bubble-like configuration + bulk configuration:
the rhodochrosite has high crystallization degree, is spherical and egg-shaped, 80-90% of rhodochrosite particles have the particle size of less than 0.004mm, and 10-20% of rhodochrosite particles have the particle size of more than or equal to 0.02 mm. The rich-chabazite manganese ore body develops an elliptical bubble-shaped structure with the length of 1-18 mm, and closely coexists with a manganese-containing white silicon vein with different widths. In the manganese-containing white silicon veins, 10-20 mu m micro bubble-shaped structures which are difficult to see by naked eyes are generally distributed, the structures and the components of 1-18 mm large bubble-shaped structures and 10-20 mu m micro bubble-shaped structures are the same, the outer sides of the structures are white silicon thin shells, the structures contain manganese calcite, manganese dolomite or calcipotosite, and the inner parts of the structures are black carbon and pyrite mud crystals. The composition of the manganese-containing white siliceous veins is similar to that of the bubble-like structural envelope.
Step 4.2, structural characteristics of transition phase ore structure:
for all drilled rhodochrosite core samples in the transition phase zone defined in the examples, samples were taken for microstructural analysis:
a block configuration + a strip configuration;
80 to 90% of the rhodochrosite particles in the bulk structure have a high degree of crystallization, and the bulk rhodochrosite ore adjacent to the central phase region has a fine bubble-like structure of 10 to 20 μm. 80-90% of rhodochrosite particles in the strip-like structure have a low degree of crystallization. Horizontal grained silt (land source debris) and silt-fine sand grade agglomerate-like mudstone rhodochrosite interbedded, slumped or graded grain order interbedded or blocky layered silt-fine sand and carbonaceous rhodochrosite mudstone interbedded.
Step 4.3, structural characteristics of edge phase ore structures:
for all drilled rhodochrosite core samples of the marginal phase zone delineated in the examples, samples were taken for microstructural analysis:
mainly has a strip-shaped structure;
80-90% of rhodochrosite particles have low crystallization degree. Has the dual characteristics of manganese-containing gas-liquid fluid overflow sedimentation and land-source fine debris sedimentation interfered by underwater gravity flow. Horizontal grained silt (land source debris) and silt-fine sand grade agglomerate-like mudstone rhodochrosite interbedded, slumped or graded grain order interbedded or blocky layered silt-fine sand and carbonaceous rhodochrosite mudstone interbedded. Each silt-fine sand grade agglomerate-shaped mud crystal rhodochrosite grain layer can be divided into a thicker lower carbon-poor fine sand grade agglomerate-shaped carbon-containing rhodochrosite mud grain layer and a thinner upper carbon-rich silt grade agglomerate-shaped carbon mud grain layer to form a micro-convolution of manganese-containing gas-liquid overflow deposition.
Step 5.1, central phase ore mineral composition characteristics:
for all drilled rhodochrosite core samples of the central phase zone delineated in the examples, samples were taken for mineral composition analysis:
(1) the mineral composition formed by the gas-liquid overflow deposition mineralization of the internal manganese-containing gas in the central phase region is the composition of rhodochrosite, calbirnessite, manganese calcite, and the like, and is subjected to the alteration of superimposed silicification, yellow iron mineralization and the like;
(2) the exogenous substances in the central phase region and the same deposition period are as follows: land source debris (clastic rock, metamorphic claystone, igneous rock and the like) + a small amount of quartz and feldspar, the powder sand grade granularity accounts for 90-95%, the fine sand grade granularity is less than or equal to 5%, and the roundness and the sorting are good.
Step 5.2, transition phase ore mineral composition characteristics:
samples were taken for mineral composition analysis from all drilled rhodochrosite core samples in the transition phase zone defined in the examples:
(1) the mineral combination formed by the mineral formation effect of the internal manganese-containing gas-liquid overflow deposition in the transition phase zone is rhodochrosite, a small amount of calbirnessite and manganese calcite.
(2) The transition phase zone is formed by the following minerals which have deposition effect outside the same deposition period: land source debris (clastic rock, metamorphic claystone, igneous rock and the like) + a small amount of quartz and feldspar, the powder sand grade granularity accounts for 90-95%, the fine sand grade granularity is less than or equal to 5%, and the roundness and the sorting are good.
Step 5.3, edge phase ore mineral composition characteristics:
samples were taken for mineral composition analysis from all drilled rhodochrosite bulk core samples in the marginal phase zone delineated in the examples:
(1) the mineral combination formed by the gas-liquid overflow deposition mineralization of the raw manganese-containing gas in the edge phase region is mainly rhodochrosite, the content is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the content of the rhodochrosite and manganese calcite is less than or equal to 5 percent;
(2) the minerals with the same deposition effect outside the deposition period in the marginal phase region are as follows: land source debris (clastic rock, metamorphic claystone, igneous rock and the like) + a small amount of quartz and feldspar, accounting for 30 percent of the total amount of substances in the layer section, 90 to 95 percent of powder sand grade granularity, less than or equal to 5 percent of fine sand grade granularity, and good roundness and sorting.
step 6.1, sulfur isotope characteristics of pyrite in the central phase region chabazite manganese ore body: delta34S/‰＝+67.2。
Step 6.2, sulfur isotope characteristics of the pyrite in the transition phase zone chabazite manganese ore body: delta34S/‰＝+52.9。
Step 6.3, the sulfur isotope characteristics of the pyrite in the edge phase region chabazite manganese ore body: delta34S/‰＝+40.0。
Step 6.4, the average ratio (Mn/Cr) of the Mn element to the Cr element content of the manganese-containing carbonaceous mudstone in the manganese-containing rock system of the chabazite manganese ore body is 39.01.
Step 6.5 carbon in the body of the chabazite manganese oreIsotope delta13C/‰＝-8.10。
the manganese-containing rock system is formed in a cutting basin in a deeper water environment, and the sedimentation center and the thickness center of the manganese-containing rock system are superposed with the manganese-containing gas-liquid fluid overflow sedimentation center. The basin center sedimentary phase has the dual characteristics of manganese-containing gas-liquid fluid overflow sedimentation and land-source fine debris sedimentation interfered by underwater gravity flow
The working principle is as follows: during the process of forming new type of manganese ore by internal and external generation, the forming structure of the new type of manganese ore bed is identified and controlled, and the formed ore phase space zonation, structural structure, altered minerals, geochemical signs and the like are formed.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A method for identifying a new type of manganese ore bed is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps
Step one, judging that a spatial ore deposit is positioned at a specific position of a regional ore control structure;
step two, the ore deposit on the vertical direction is provided with a building block type ore phase separation zone;
step three, the ore deposit on the plane has annular ore phase separation zones;
judging whether the ore structure accords with the structural characteristics of the central phase ore structure, the structural characteristics of the transition phase ore structure or the structural characteristics of the edge phase ore structure;
judging whether ore mineral components meet the central phase ore mineral component characteristics, transition phase ore mineral component characteristics or edge phase ore mineral component characteristics;
sixthly, judging the geochemical characteristics;
and seventhly, judging whether the dual deposition characteristics are met.
2. The method for identifying a new type of manganese ore bed according to claim 1, wherein the first step specifically comprises:
judging the intergrown fracture intersection part of the ore deposit output at the base ore guide fracture and ore blending;
and secondly, judging the secondary cutting basin center of the ore deposit in the valley cracking basin and controlled by the intergrown fracture.
3. The method for identifying a new type of manganese ore bed according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the method specifically comprises: in the central phase region of the ore deposit, from bottom to top in the vertical direction, a cordwood ore phase separation belt appears, which reflects the upwelling of the manganese-containing gas-liquid bed bridge, such as a reticular manganese ore vein breccia conglomerate, a dendritic manganese-rich ore vein, a layered bubble-like structure of a rhodochrosite body, a layered and lenticular block-like structure of the rhodochrosite body, a steeply inclined strip-like structure of the rhodochrosite body, a layered strip-like structure of the rhodochrosite body, and a turback structure of the manganese-containing carbonaceous mudstone.
4. The method for identifying a new type of manganese ore bed according to claim 1, wherein the third step specifically comprises: from inside to outside on the plane, a central phase reflecting the overflow and diffusion of the manganese-containing gas-liquid appears: a high-grade chabazite body with a manganese grade of not less than 25%; transition phase: a blocky medium-grade chabazite body with the manganese grade of more than or equal to 15 to 25 percent; fringe phase: the manganese grade is less than or equal to 15 percent, and the manganese grade is low grade rhodochrosite.
5. The method for identifying a new type of manganese ore bed according to claim 1, wherein the fourth step specifically comprises:
the structural characteristics of the center phase ore structure are as follows:
bubble-like structure + block-like structure; the rhodochrosite is spherical and egg-shaped, the granularity of 80-90% of rhodochrosite particles is less than 0.004mm, and the granularity of 10-20% of rhodochrosite particles is more than or equal to 0.02 mm; an elliptical bubble-shaped structure with the length of 1-18 mm develops in the rich-chabazite manganese ore body, closely coexists with the white silicon vein containing manganese, and a micro bubble-shaped structure with the length of 10-20 mu m is seen in the white silicon vein containing manganese; the structure and the components of the large bubble structure with the diameter of 1-18 mm and the structure of the micro bubble structure with the diameter of 10-20 mu m are the same, the outer side of the large bubble structure is a white siliceous thin shell containing manganese calcite, manganese dolomite or calcipotasite, the inner part of the large bubble structure is black carbonaceous and pyrite slime crystals, and the components of the manganese white siliceous fine veins are the same as the outer shell of the large bubble structure;
structure and structure characteristics of transition phase ore:
a block configuration + a strip configuration; 70 to 85% of the rhodochrosite particles in the massive structure crystallize, and the massive rhodochrosite ore adjacent to the central phase region has a fine bubble structure of 10 to 20 μm;
③ the structural characteristics of the edge phase ore:
a strip-like configuration; 5% -10% of rhodochrosite grains are crystallized, horizontal texture silt and silt-fine sand level agglomerate-shaped mud crystal rhodochrosite interbedded, slumped or graded grain sequence interbedded or blocky layered silt-fine sandstone and carbonaceous rhodochrosite mudstone interbedded, and the dual characteristics of manganese-containing gas-liquid fluid overflow sedimentation and land-source fine debris sedimentation interfered by underwater gravity flow are realized; each silt-fine sand grade agglomerate-shaped mud crystal rhodochrosite grain layer can be divided into a thicker lower carbon-poor fine sand grade agglomerate-shaped carbon-containing rhodochrosite mud grain layer and a thinner upper carbon-rich silt grade agglomerate-shaped carbon mud grain layer to form a micro-convolution of manganese-containing gas-liquid overflow deposition.
6. The method for identifying a new type of manganese ore bed according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the method specifically comprises:
central phase ore mineral composition characteristics:
(1) the mineral composition formed by the mineral formation effect of gas-liquid overflow deposition of the endogenous manganese-containing gas is rhodochrosite, caltropane and manganese calcite, and the mineral composition is subjected to superimposed silicification and yellow iron mineralization;
(2) the exogenous substances in the same deposition period are as follows: land source scraps, a small amount of quartz and feldspar, the granularity of powder sand is 90-95%, the granularity of fine sand is less than or equal to 5%, and the roundness and sorting are good;
the mineral composition characteristics of transition phase ore:
(1) the mineral combination formed by the mineral formation effect of the internal manganese-containing gas-liquid overflow deposition is rhodochrosite, a small amount of caltropase and manganese calcite;
(2) the minerals with deposition outside the same deposition period are: the land source scraps, a small amount of quartz and feldspar, the granularity is mainly of a powder sand grade, the fine sand grade is less than or equal to 5 percent, and the roundness and sorting are good;
③ the mineral composition characteristics of the edge phase ore:
(1) the mineral composition formed by the mineral forming action of gas-liquid overflow deposition of the internal manganese-containing gas is rhodochrosite, and the content of the calcipotosite and the manganese calcite is less than or equal to 5 percent;
(2) the minerals with deposition outside the same deposition period are: the land source scraps, a small amount of quartz and feldspar account for 30 percent of the total amount of substances in the layer section, the granularity is mainly the silt grade, the fine sand grade is less than or equal to 5 percent, and the roundness and the sorting are good.
7. The method for identifying a new type of manganese ore bed according to claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, the method specifically comprises:
the sulfur isotope characteristics of the pyrite in the chabazite manganese ore body in the central phase region are as follows: delta34S/‰＝+55～+75；
The sulfur isotope characteristics of the pyrite in the transition phase zone chabazite manganese ore body are as follows: delta34S/‰＝+45～+55；
③ the sulfur isotope characteristics of the pyrite in the edge phase zone chabazite manganese ore body: delta34S/‰＝+35～+45；
Fourthly, the ratio Mn/Cr of the average content of Mn element and Cr element of the manganese-containing carbonaceous mudstone in the manganese-containing rock system of the chabazite manganese ore body is 35-45;
carbon isotope delta in chabazite manganese ore body13C/‰＝-7～-10。
8. The method for identifying a new type of manganese ore bed according to claim 1, wherein the seventh step specifically comprises: the manganese-containing rock system is formed in a cutting basin in a deeper water environment, and the sedimentation center and the thickness center of the manganese-containing rock system are superposed with the manganese-containing gas-liquid fluid overflow sedimentation center; the basin center sedimentary phase has the dual characteristics of manganese-containing gas-liquid fluid overflow sedimentation and land-source fine debris sedimentation interfered by underwater gravity flow.
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