CN114253236A - Time sequence control method, system, device and equipment of reactor - Google Patents
Time sequence control method, system, device and equipment of reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN114253236A CN114253236A CN202111507485.XA CN202111507485A CN114253236A CN 114253236 A CN114253236 A CN 114253236A CN 202111507485 A CN202111507485 A CN 202111507485A CN 114253236 A CN114253236 A CN 114253236A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 171
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 142
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 36
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 15
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 10
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 7
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
- G05B19/41865—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by job scheduling, process planning, material flow
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/33—Director till display
- G05B2219/33273—DCS distributed, decentralised controlsystem, multiprocessor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a time sequence control method, a time sequence control system, a time sequence control device and time sequence control equipment of a reactor, and relates to the technical field of chemical reaction control. The method comprises the steps of obtaining the timing duration of a first reaction step in which propane dehydrogenation reaction is carried out in each reactor; and if the timing duration of the first reaction step reaches the preset duration of the first reaction step, controlling the plurality of valves to be switched from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of the second reaction step. Therefore, each step in each reactor is controlled in a time sequence, and the time sequence reaction of a plurality of reactors can be controlled to keep the stable output of the time sequence control system; and the sequential control system of the reactor is modularized through a logic control program, so that the debugging is convenient, and the reusability is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical reaction control, in particular to a time sequence control method, a time sequence control system, a time sequence control device and time sequence control equipment for a reactor.
Background
Propylene is an important organic chemical raw material and can be used as an important raw material for producing products such as polypropylene, butanol and the like. The existing propylene preparation method is often used for preparing propylene by propane dehydrogenation.
The method for preparing propylene by the propane dehydrogenation method comprises four steps of propane dehydrogenation, steam purging, regeneration/reheating and vacuumizing/reduction in a reactor. In the prior art, a timer in a reactor is controlled by programming in an FBD form, and four steps in a propane dehydrogenation reactor are controlled to be performed in sequence by controlling a reaction valve, so that the propylene is prepared by propane dehydrogenation.
However, in the prior art, the control of the propane dehydrogenation reactor is realized by programming by an FBD (fiber bulk density device) means, so that the occupied programs are more, the readability is not strong, and the debugging is inconvenient; when the chronograph stops working, the reason can not be displayed, and further operation is not facilitated; no templating control is formed, which is not favorable for the reuse of the program.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to provide a method, a system, a device, and an apparatus for controlling a sequence of a reactor, so as to solve the problems of poor readability, inconvenient debugging, and poor reusability of the problems of the prior art, such as the sequence control of the reactor.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present application are as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a sequential control method for a reactor, which is applied to a control device in a control system, where the control system further includes: a plurality of reactors, the control device being connected to the plurality of valves of each reactor; each reactor is a propane dehydrogenation reactor;
acquiring the timing duration of the first reaction step of the propane dehydrogenation reaction in each reactor;
and if the timing duration of the first reaction step reaches the preset duration of the first reaction step, controlling the valves to be switched from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of a second reaction step, wherein the second reaction step is the next reaction step of the first reaction step in the preset chemical reaction.
Optionally, the controlling the plurality of valves to switch from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of the second reaction step comprises:
and if the second reaction step is a regeneration reheating step or a vacuumizing reduction step, controlling the plurality of valves to be switched from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of the second reaction step according to the valve control sequence corresponding to the second reaction step.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and after the valve state switching is completed, checking the operation conditions of the valves.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and monitoring whether the limit output signals of the valves are abnormal or not.
Optionally, the control system further comprises: the first flow meter is connected with the control device and is arranged at the steam inlets of the plurality of reactors;
the method further comprises the following steps:
and if the second reaction step is a steam purging step, judging whether sufficient steam enters the reactors or not according to the flow value of the first flow meter when the steam purging step is finished.
Optionally, the control system further comprises: a second flow meter connected to the control apparatus, the second flow meter being provided at the reducing gas inlet of the plurality of reactors;
the method further comprises the following steps:
and if the second reaction step is a vacuumizing reduction step, judging whether sufficient reducing gas enters the reactors or not according to the flow value of the second flowmeter when the vacuumizing reduction step is finished.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
if the steam purge valve of one reactor in the plurality of reactors is in an open state, detecting whether the steam purge valves of other reactors except the reactor exist in the plurality of reactors and are also in the open state at the same time;
and if the steam purge valves of the other reactors are also in an open state at the same time, sending alarm information.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a sequential control system for a reactor, the control system including: the control device is connected with the plurality of valves of each reactor; each reactor is a propane dehydrogenation reactor;
the control apparatus is adapted to control a plurality of the reactors to perform the method of sequential control of the reactors of any of the first aspects.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a timing control apparatus for a reactor, including:
the acquisition device is used for acquiring the timing duration of the first reaction step in which the propane dehydrogenation reaction is performed in each reactor;
and the control device is used for controlling the plurality of valves to be switched from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of the second reaction step if the timing duration of the first reaction step reaches the preset duration of the first reaction step, wherein the second reaction step is the next reaction step of the first reaction step in the preset chemical reaction.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a control apparatus, including: the processor and the storage medium are connected through bus communication, the storage medium stores program instructions executable by the processor, and the processor calls a program stored in the storage medium to execute the steps of performing the method for controlling the time sequence of the reactor according to any one of the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
the application provides a time sequence control method, a time sequence control system, a time sequence control device and time sequence control equipment of reactors, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining the timing duration of a first reaction step in which a propane dehydrogenation reaction is carried out in each reactor; and if the timing duration of the first reaction step reaches the preset duration of the first reaction step, controlling the plurality of valves to be switched from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of the second reaction step. Therefore, each step in each reactor is controlled in a time sequence, and the time sequence reaction of a plurality of reactors can be controlled to keep the stable output of the time sequence control system; and the sequential control system of the reactor is modularized through a logic control program, so that the debugging is convenient, the reusability is strong, the working efficiency is improved, and the labor cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sequential control system of a reactor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a propane dehydrogenation reactor provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for controlling the timing sequence of a reactor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a logic diagram of the timing control system, which is provided by the embodiment of the present application and takes 5 reactors as an example;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another method for controlling the timing of a reactor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a timing control method for another reactor provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for checking the status of a plurality of steam purge valves according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a timing control apparatus of a reactor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a timing control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Icon: 100-control equipment, 200-reactor, 101-reaction chamber, 102-raw material feed inlet, 103-steam purge port, 104-natural gas inlet, 105-nitrogen inlet, 106-air inlet, 107-reducing gas inlet, 108-vacuum-pumping port, 109-air outlet, 110-product discharge port, 201-raw material inlet valve, 202-steam purge valve, 203-natural gas inlet valve, 204-nitrogen inlet valve, 205-air inlet valve, 206-reducing gas inlet valve, 207-vacuum-pumping port valve, 208-air outlet valve, 209-sampling valve, 210-product outlet valve, 1-propane dehydrogenation step, 2-steam purge step, 3-regeneration reheating step, 4-vacuum-reduction step.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the chemical reaction for industrially producing propylene, propylene is often prepared by a propane dehydrogenation process, wherein propane dehydrogenation is a chemical process for generating propylene by dehydrogenation of propane under the action of a catalyst, and propylene, hydrogen and other substances of air components are respectively produced. In the actual industrial production link, in order to smoothly perform each propane dehydrogenation, after the propane dehydrogenation reaction is completed, a steam purging step, a regeneration reheating step and a vacuumizing reduction step are required, the reaction steps are periodically switched to conveniently and reliably provide heat for the endothermic propane dehydrogenation reaction, and hydrocarbons and hot air do not need to be repeatedly interrupted and restarted. To the in-process of each reactor work, except that the propane dehydrogenation reaction step in the reaction material output, the output material of other steps all is irrelevant with propylene, no reaction material output, the condition of discontinuity output reaction material can appear, is unfavorable for the steady production of production line. Thus, multiple reactors may be operated such that the reaction mass is continuously produced. That is, in a plurality of reactors, when the previous reactor completes the propane dehydrogenation reaction step, the next reactor starts the propane dehydrogenation reaction step; carrying out a propane dehydrogenation reaction step sequentially from one reactor to another reactor, and continuously producing reaction materials all the time; and other steps in the step of finishing the propane dehydrogenation reaction in each reactor are continuously carried out, when all the steps in one reactor are finished, a new round of the step of the propane dehydrogenation reaction is continuously carried out, at the moment, the step of the propane dehydrogenation reaction in the last reactor in the previous round is just finished, so that the steps of the propane dehydrogenation reaction in all the reactors are continuously carried out in sequence in time, and the whole propane dehydrogenation reaction continuously produces reaction materials.
When a plurality of reactors run in different steps simultaneously, the number of control valves is large, the control operation is complex, and if the control operations are manually operated by workers, all control operations can not be accurately completed obviously, and the assistance of automatic time sequence control is needed. In the prior art, the FBD programming is adopted to realize sequential control of a plurality of reactors to perform propane dehydrogenation reaction, so that the readability is weak, the debugging is inconvenient, the reusability is weak, and the reason of the working fault cannot be displayed. In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the application provides a sequential control method, a system, a device and equipment of a reactor.
The following first explains the timing control system of the reactor provided in the embodiments of the present application by way of specific examples. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a timing control system of a reactor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the control system includes: a control device 100 and a plurality of reactors 200, the control device 100 being connected to a plurality of valves of each reactor 200; each reactor 200 is a propane dehydrogenation reactor.
The control device 100 is connected to the valves of each reactor 200, and controls the propane dehydrogenation step, the steam purge step, the regeneration reheating step, and the vacuum reduction step in each reactor 200 to be sequentially performed by controlling the on-off time nodes and the on-off sequence of the valves of each reactor 200, and also controls the propane dehydrogenation step in the reactors 200 to be sequentially performed according to the time sequence, so as to achieve the effect of stable propylene output. Alternatively, the CONTROL device 100 may adopt a DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM (DCS) to CONTROL the switches of the multiple reactors, where the DCS has a DISTRIBUTED CONTROL function and a centralized display operation, and takes into account the principles of distribution, autonomy and comprehensive coordination, so that the CONTROL process of the CONTROL device 100 may perform sub-modular CONTROL and centralized display operation.
On the basis of the time sequence control system of the reactor described in the above fig. 1, the embodiment of the present application provides a propane dehydrogenation reactor. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a propane dehydrogenation reactor provided in an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 2, a reactor 200 is a horizontal vessel for propane dehydrogenation.
The reactor 200 includes: the reaction chamber comprises a reaction chamber body 101, a raw material inlet 102, a steam purging port 103, a natural gas inlet 104, a nitrogen inlet 105, an air inlet 106, a reducing gas inlet 107, a vacuumizing port 108, an air outlet 109 and a product outlet 110. The reaction chamber 101 is used for propane dehydrogenation reaction, and the steam purging step, the regeneration reheating step and the vacuumizing reduction step are all carried out in the reaction chamber 101. The raw material inlet 102 is used for feeding reactant raw materials for propane dehydrogenation reaction into the reaction chamber 101: propane, a raw material inlet valve 201 is arranged on the raw material inlet 102, and the raw material inlet valve 201 is used for controlling the opening/closing of the raw material inlet 102. The steam purge port 103 is used for adding steam into the reaction cavity 101, a steam purge valve 202 is arranged on the steam purge port 103, and the steam purge valve 202 is used for controlling the opening/closing of the steam purge port 103. The natural gas inlet 104 is used for adding natural gas into the reaction chamber 101, a natural gas inlet valve 203 is arranged on the natural gas inlet 104, and the natural gas inlet valve 203 is used for controlling the opening/closing of the natural gas inlet 104. The nitrogen inlet 105 is used for adding nitrogen into the reaction chamber 101, the nitrogen inlet 105 is provided with a nitrogen inlet valve 204, and the nitrogen inlet valve 204 is used for controlling the on/off of the nitrogen inlet 105. The air inlet 106 is used for adding natural gas and nitrogen gas into the reaction chamber 101, an air inlet valve 205 is arranged on the air inlet 106, and the air inlet valve 205 is used for controlling the on/off of the air inlet 106. The reducing gas inlet 107 is used for adding reducing gas into the reaction cavity 101, a reducing gas inlet valve 206 is arranged on the reducing gas inlet 107, and the reducing gas inlet valve 206 is used for controlling the opening/closing of the reducing gas inlet 107. The vacuum-pumping port 108 is used for vacuum-pumping the reaction chamber 101, a vacuum-pumping port valve 207 is disposed on the vacuum-pumping port 108, and the vacuum-pumping port valve 207 is used for controlling the on/off of the vacuum-pumping port 108. The air outlet 109 is used for discharging the process gas in the reaction chamber 101, an air outlet valve 208 is arranged on the air outlet 109, the air outlet valve 208 is used for controlling the opening/closing of the air outlet 109, and a sampling valve 209 is also arranged on the air outlet 109, and the sampling valve 209 is used for sampling the air. The product outlet 110 is used for discharging a reactant product of the propane dehydrogenation reaction in the reaction chamber 101, a product outlet valve 210 is disposed on the product outlet 110, and the product outlet valve 210 is used for controlling the opening/closing of the product outlet 110. Wherein, the plurality of valves are hydraulic valves.
The control device 100 includes a programming module capable of inputting control logic, and the control device 100 sends out repetitive pulse current signals corresponding to the control logic by programming control logic program codes, and the control device 100 sends out repetitive pulse current signals to sequentially control the opening/closing of a plurality of valves in a plurality of reactors 200. Optionally, the programming code in the programming module may adopt ST (structured text) programming language, so that the readability of the program is strong, the test is convenient, and when there is enough memory on the hardware, all the control programs can be stored.
The control device 100 further comprises a two-bit key-lock switch: Program-Run (Program-Run). The system is used for disabling the programmer when the whole sequential control system runs and cannot program a control logic program in the programmer; the programmer is enabled when the entire timing control stops running, and the control logic program can be written in the programmer.
The control apparatus 100 also includes a timer and counter for sequencing the repetitive current flow for opening and closing the reactor valves, i.e., while the control logic programming code controls the valve for each time period according to that time period. The timer has a corresponding display position on the DCS and displays real-time, and the counter also has a corresponding display position on the DCS and displays real-time counting number. Based on the counter value, the DCS has a movable pointer to display the circulation progress of each reactor.
For example, if the number of reactors 200 is 5, the time for which four steps of a propane dehydrogenation reaction are circulated once by 5 reactors 200 is 24 minutes, and the 24 minutes may be divided into counting sections numbered 0001 to 1440, and each valve is opened/closed with its corresponding counting section. After the control logic is programmed, when the timer reaches to which counting segment, the control device 100 activates the output current signal corresponding to the counting segment to control the valve corresponding to the counting segment to open/close. The corresponding control action for each count segment can only be modified if the key-lock switch is in the "programmed" position.
The DCS on the control apparatus 100 is provided with a sequence Stop button for stopping the operation of the control apparatus 100. This button may keep the control state of the control device 100 in place, but may not disable the control state of the control device 100. Meanwhile, the DCS is also provided with a sequence Resume button for restarting the timer after a Stop of the control apparatus 100 caused by pressing the "sequence Stop" button due to a power failure, pressure detection, valve position detection, or the like. The DCS is also provided with a sequence Reset button which must be pressed before the "sequence Reset" button is pressed when a restart is required after the control device 100 has stopped operating for any reason. After pressing "sequencerReset", the system will check whether all control conditions/valves meet the operating conditions, if the operating conditions are met, display Restart Permitted, and then press "sequencerResume", will Restart the control device 100; if the control conditions/valves do not fully meet the operating conditions, a "No Restart" is displayed.
The DCS is provided with a sequence Failure fault indicator lamp for lighting and warning when the control equipment 100 fails, and is also provided with an alarm horn which can sound when the fault indicator lamp lights. An Alarm Acknowledge button is arranged on the DCS, if the chronograph is stopped due to power failure, program logic or any other failure, the control equipment 100 stops running and triggers the Alarm horn, and when the Alarm Acknowledge button is pressed, the horn circuit is disconnected and the Alarm horn is muted. The DCS is provided with an Alarm Test button for detecting an Alarm device, when the Alarm Test button is continuously pressed down, an Alarm horn and a fault indicator lamp are started, but other related actions cannot be caused, and the DCS can return to a normal state after the button is released.
The control device 100 also includes a power supply for providing a stable power supply for the programmable timer. The control device 100 is also provided with an emergency power supply which can provide standby voltage-stabilized power supply for a programming module, a counter, a display, a horn alarm and a fault indicator lamp during power failure. The emergency power supply can keep the control device at the final value before the power supply interruption. When power is restored, the "sequence Resume" button is pressed, and the counter and timer are restarted from the final value.
On the basis that the control device 100 controls a plurality of valves through a control logic program, the control device 100 further includes two soft switches: hydrocarbon Operating Mode, and Air Operating Mode. The hydrocarbon operation mode comprises a Start-up mode and an Operating mode, and the effect is that when the hydrocarbon operation mode is in the Start-up state, the control operation corresponding to the hydrocarbon cannot be performed, and only when the hydrocarbon operation mode is in the Operating state, the control operation corresponding to the hydrocarbon can be performed. The air operation mode includes two modes of Start-up and operation, and functions that when the air operation mode is in the Start-up state, the air control operation cannot be performed, and only when the air operation mode is in the operation state, the air control operation can be performed. The soft switching in the control device further comprises: a steam purge bypass switch, an air inlet valve bypass switch. The steam purging bypass switch and the air inlet valve bypass switch are connected with an SIS (Safety instrumentation system) and used for ensuring the safe operation of the control process.
In summary, the present application provides a sequential control system for a reactor, which includes: a control device and a plurality of reactors, each reactor being a propane dehydrogenation reactor. The control equipment is connected with the valves of each reactor, so that the control of the valves of each reactor is realized by a control logic program, and the visual display of the control process is realized, so that the sequential control system of the reactors is modularized, convenient to debug and convenient to maintain, and the workload of workers is greatly reduced.
On the basis of the above time sequence control system of the reactor described in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present application further provides a time sequence control method of the reactor. Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling a time sequence of a reactor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where an execution subject of the method may be a control device in a control system, and the control device may be a device having a calculation processing control function, such as a desktop computer, a notebook computer, and the like. Wherein, control system still includes: a plurality of reactors, the control device being connected to the plurality of valves of each reactor; each reactor is a propane dehydrogenation reactor. As shown in fig. 3, the method includes:
s101, acquiring the timing duration of the first reaction step in which the propane dehydrogenation reaction is performed in each reactor.
The propane dehydrogenation reaction in each reactor is divided into four steps of a propane dehydrogenation step, a steam purging step, a regeneration reheating step and a vacuumizing reduction step, when the time sequence control reactor carries out propane dehydrogenation reaction, each step has corresponding preset time length, the sum of the preset time lengths of the four steps is a cycle control period of the whole time sequence control system, wherein the preset time length is determined by a worker according to the actually required reaction time of each step in the actual reaction, and then the preset time length is embedded into a control logic program. When the propane dehydrogenation reaction in the reactor is in progress, acquiring the preset time length of the first reaction step by the timer, and acquiring the timing time length of the first reaction step by the timer.
S102, if the timing duration of the first reaction step reaches the preset duration of the first reaction step, controlling the plurality of valves to be switched from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of the second reaction step.
If the timing duration of the first reaction step reaches the preset duration of the first reaction step, the reaction action performed in the first reaction step is completed, and a second reaction step can be performed, wherein the second reaction step is the next reaction step of the first reaction step in the preset chemical reaction, and the preset chemical reaction is a propane dehydrogenation chemical reaction. The control device automatically controls the plurality of valves to switch from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of the second reaction step through the programmed control logic program, namely, the valves of the first reaction step are controlled to be closed, the valves of the second reaction step are controlled to be opened, and all steps of the whole time sequence control are completed in sequence.
Illustratively, the whole propane dehydrogenation reaction is divided into four steps of a propane dehydrogenation step, a steam purging step, a regeneration reheating step and a vacuumizing reduction step.
When the propane dehydrogenation step starts, the raw material feeding port valve and the product discharging port are controlled to open valves, and other valves are controlled to close. Reaction raw material (propane) is fed through a raw material feeding hole, the temperature of the reaction cavity is controlled to be reaction temperature, propane dehydrogenation reaction is carried out in the reaction cavity, and reaction products (propylene and hydrogen) are output through a product discharging hole.
And when the propane dehydrogenation step is finished and the steam purging step is started, controlling the raw material feeding port valve and the product discharging port valve to be closed, and simultaneously controlling the steam purging valve and the air outlet valve to be opened, and continuously closing other valves. The reaction product in the propane dehydrogenation step is purged by blowing steam into the reaction chamber.
And when the steam purging step is finished and the regeneration reheating step is started, controlling the steam purging valve to be closed, controlling the air inlet valve, the natural gas inlet valve, the nitrogen inlet valve, the air outlet valve and the sampling valve to be opened, and continuously closing other valves. By injecting the regeneration gas into the reaction cavity, the reaction is carried out in the reaction cavity, the coking in the catalyst is removed, and the temperature in the reaction cavity is recovered to the initial reaction temperature.
When the regeneration reheating step is finished and the vacuumizing reduction step is started, the air inlet valve, the natural gas inlet valve and the nitrogen inlet valve are controlled to be closed, meanwhile, the reducing gas inlet valve, the vacuumizing opening valve and the air outlet valve are controlled to be opened, and other valves are continuously closed. Injecting reducing gas into the reaction cavity through the reducing gas inlet to purge the reaction gas in the regeneration reheating step, and pumping the reaction cavity to a vacuum state for the next round of propane dehydrogenation reaction.
And when the vacuumizing reduction step is finished and the propane dehydrogenation step is started, controlling to close the reducing gas inlet valve, the vacuumizing port valve and the air outlet valve, opening the raw material feeding port valve and the product discharging port valve, and continuously circulating the steps to finish a new round of propane dehydrogenation reaction.
The time sequence control process is the time sequence control logic of four steps of a propane dehydrogenation step, a steam purging step, a regeneration reheating step and a vacuumizing reduction step in each reactor. Since the sequential control system includes a plurality of reactors, in addition to sequential control of the reaction step sequence in each reactor, the sequential control between each reactor is also performed by a logic control program. The time sequence between each reactor is not carried out after the reaction of one reactor is finished, and the next reactor starts to carry out the reaction; but means that after the propane dehydrogenation step in one reactor is completed, the propane dehydrogenation step in the next reactor is started, and the other steps in each reactor are sequentially performed.
By way of example, the present embodiments provide a timing control system, exemplified by 5 reactors. Fig. 4 is a logic diagram of the timing control system, which is provided in the embodiment of the present application and takes 5 reactors as an example, as shown in fig. 4, after the propane dehydrogenation step in each reactor is completed, the propane dehydrogenation step in the next reactor is started, and the other steps in each reactor are sequentially performed. Therefore, the continuous output of the whole time sequence control system is ensured without interruption. Wherein, 1 is a propane dehydrogenation step, 2 is a steam purging step, 3 is a regeneration reheating step, and 4 is a vacuumizing reduction step.
In summary, in the method for controlling the timing sequence of the reactor provided in the embodiment of the present application, the timing duration of the first reaction step in which the propane dehydrogenation reaction is performed in each reactor is obtained; and if the timing duration of the first reaction step reaches the preset duration of the first reaction step, controlling the plurality of valves to be switched from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of the second reaction step. Therefore, each step in each reactor is controlled in a time sequence, and the time sequence reaction of a plurality of reactors can be controlled to keep the stable output of the time sequence control system; and the sequential control system of the reactor is modularized through a logic control program, so that the debugging is convenient, and the reusability is strong.
On the basis of the method for controlling the timing sequence of the reactor described in fig. 3, the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for controlling the states of the valves in the timing sequence of the regeneration reheating step and the vacuumizing reduction step. In the method, controlling the plurality of valves to switch from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of the second reaction step comprises:
and if the second reaction step is a regeneration reheating step or a vacuumizing reduction step, controlling the plurality of valves to be switched from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of the second reaction step according to the valve control sequence corresponding to the second reaction step.
If the second reaction step is a regenerative reheating step, in addition to the start and end valve state control of the regenerative reheating step described in the above embodiment, a valve control sequence in the regenerative reheating step is also included, which is specifically described below.
And when the steam purging step is finished and the regeneration reheating step is started, controlling the steam purging valve to be closed, controlling the air inlet valve, the nitrogen inlet valve, the air outlet valve and the sampling valve to be opened, and continuously closing other valves. The steam in the steam purge step is purged clean by injecting nitrogen in the regeneration gas into the reaction chamber. And then closing the nitrogen inlet valve, opening the natural gas inlet valve, keeping the states of other valves unchanged, injecting natural gas into the reaction cavity, reacting in the reaction cavity, removing the coking in the catalyst, and recovering the temperature in the reaction cavity to the initial reaction temperature. And then closing the natural gas inlet valve, opening the nitrogen inlet valve, keeping the states of other valves unchanged, and blowing the regenerated reaction product in the reaction cavity completely by injecting nitrogen in the regenerated gas into the reaction cavity. When the sampling valve does not have the regeneration reaction product any more during sampling, the air inlet valve, the nitrogen inlet valve and the sampling valve are closed.
If the second reaction step is a vacuum reduction step, in addition to the valve state control at the beginning and end of the vacuum reduction step described in the above embodiment, a valve control sequence in the vacuum reduction step is also included, which is described in detail below.
When the regeneration reheating step is finished and the vacuumizing reduction step is started, the air inlet valve, the natural gas inlet valve and the nitrogen inlet are controlled to be closed, the reducing gas inlet valve and the air outlet valve are controlled to be opened, other valves are continuously closed, and reducing gas is injected into the reaction cavity through the reducing gas inlet to blow clean the regeneration gas in the regeneration reheating step. Then the reducing gas inlet valve is closed, the vacuum pumping valve is opened, and the reaction cavity is pumped to a vacuum state. And after the vacuum pumping is finished, closing the vacuum pumping valve and the air outlet valve for the next propane dehydrogenation reaction.
In summary, according to the method for controlling the valve states in the timing sequence of the regeneration reheating step and the vacuum reduction step, if the second reaction step is the regeneration reheating step, or the vacuum reduction step, the valves are controlled to be switched from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of the second reaction step according to the valve control sequence corresponding to the second reaction step. Therefore, the valve state switching of the regeneration reheating step and the vacuumizing reduction step under the time sequence control is more accurate.
On the basis of the method for controlling the timing sequence of the reactor described in fig. 3, the embodiment of the present application further provides another method for controlling the timing sequence of the reactor. Fig. 5 is another timing control method for a reactor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 5, the method further includes:
s103, after the state switching of the valves is completed, the operation conditions of the valves are checked.
In the process of time sequence control, after the state switching of the valve is completed every time, the running condition of the valve is checked, and whether the valve reaches the corresponding state in the time sequence control logic is judged. The valve operation is checked even if a valve is under manual control and cannot respond to a control device command. If the valve does not reach the corresponding state in the time sequence control logic, the time sequence fault lamp flickers and the alarm loudspeaker sounds, an emergency measure is taken, and the switching valve reaches the corresponding state in the time sequence control logic.
In summary, according to another method for controlling a timing sequence of a reactor provided in the embodiment of the present application, after the state switching of the valves is completed, the operation conditions of the valves are checked. Thereby obtain the operational aspect of valve, realize accurate control.
On the basis of the method for controlling the timing sequence of the reactor described in fig. 3, the embodiment of the present application further provides another method for controlling the timing sequence of the reactor. Fig. 6 is another timing control method for a reactor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 6, the method further includes:
and S104, monitoring whether the limiting output signals of the valves are abnormal or not.
The valve in the time sequence control system is a limit switch, and the valve is opened/closed by sending a pulse current signal to the valve. And in the time sequence control process, whether the limiting output signals of the valves are abnormal or not is monitored, and if the limiting output signals are abnormal, the time sequence fault lamp flickers and the alarm loudspeaker sounds. Thereby ensuring the smooth proceeding of the time sequence control.
In summary, the another method for controlling the timing sequence of the reactor provided in the embodiment of the present application ensures that the timing sequence control is performed smoothly by monitoring whether the limiting output signals of the plurality of valves are abnormal.
On the basis of the above-mentioned method for controlling the timing of the reactor in fig. 3, the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for determining whether there is a sufficient amount of steam. The control system further comprises: the first flow meter is connected with the control device and is arranged at the steam inlets of the plurality of reactors; the method further comprises the following steps:
if the second reaction step is a steam purging step, judging whether sufficient steam enters the plurality of reactors or not according to the flow value of the first flow meter when the steam purging step is finished.
If the entering steam is insufficient, the steam is continuously injected.
If sufficient steam is admitted, the steam sweep step in the reactor in which the steam sweep step is being performed is complete.
In summary, the method for determining whether there is sufficient steam provided by the embodiments of the present application determines whether there is sufficient steam entering the plurality of reactors according to the flow rate value of the first flow meter, so as to control the steam purge step more precisely.
On the basis of the method for controlling the timing sequence of the reactor described in fig. 3, the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for determining whether there is sufficient reducing gas. The control system further comprises: a second flow meter connected with the control device, wherein the second flow meter is arranged at the reducing gas inlet of the plurality of reactors; the method further comprises the following steps:
if the second reaction step is a vacuumizing reduction step, judging whether sufficient reducing gas enters the plurality of reactors or not according to the flow value of the second flowmeter when the vacuumizing reduction step is completed.
If the entering reducing gas is insufficient, the reducing gas is continuously injected.
If the introduced reducing gas is sufficient, the reduction step in the reactor in which the evacuation reduction step is being performed is completed.
Specifically, the DCS is further provided with a Reduction Gas Flow Totalizer Acknowledge button. When the reducing gas flow is insufficient, the sequence control process will stop, and the button allows the operator to restart the sequence if the reducing gas flow accumulation cannot be met.
In summary, the method for determining whether there is sufficient reducing gas provided by the embodiment of the present application determines whether there is sufficient reducing gas entering the plurality of reactors according to the flow value of the second flowmeter, so as to control the vacuumizing reduction step more accurately.
On the basis of all the above embodiments, the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for checking the states of a plurality of steam purge valves. Fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a method for checking the states of a plurality of steam purge valves according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method further comprises the following steps:
s201, if the steam purge valve of one reactor in the plurality of reactors is in an open state, detecting whether the steam purge valves of other reactors except the reactor exist in the plurality of reactors and are also in the open state.
If the steam purge valve of one of the reactors is in an open state, the control device checks the state of the steam purge valves of the other reactors by means of an electrical signal.
S202, if the steam purge valves of other reactors are also in an open state, alarming information is sent out.
When the staff finds that the steam purge valves of other reactors are also in an open state, the steam purge valves can be closed automatically or manually, and the steam purge valve of only one reactor is ensured to be in an open state at each moment.
In summary, the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for checking the states of a plurality of steam purge valves. Detecting whether the steam purge valve of the other reactors except the reactor is in an open state or not in the plurality of reactors if the steam purge valve of the reactor is in the open state; and if the steam purge valves of other reactors are also in an open state, sending alarm information. Thereby making the steam purge step more accurate in the time-series control of multiple reactors.
The following describes a sequential control apparatus, a device, a storage medium, and the like for implementing the reactor provided by the present application, and specific implementation processes and technical effects thereof are referred to above, and will not be described again below.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a timing control apparatus of a reactor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 8, the control apparatus 800 may include:
the acquisition device is used for acquiring the timing duration of the first reaction step in which the propane dehydrogenation reaction is performed in each reactor;
and the control device is used for controlling the valves to be switched from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of the second reaction step if the timing duration of the first reaction step reaches the preset duration of the first reaction step, wherein the second reaction step is the next reaction step of the first reaction step in the preset chemical reaction.
Further, the control device is specifically configured to control the plurality of valves to switch from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of the second reaction step according to a valve control sequence corresponding to the second reaction step if the second reaction step is the regeneration reheating step or the vacuumizing reduction step.
Further, the control device is specifically configured to check the operation conditions of the plurality of valves after the valve state switching is completed.
Further, the control device is specifically used for monitoring whether the limiting output signals of the valves are abnormal or not.
Further, the control device is specifically configured to, if the second reaction step is a steam purging step, determine whether sufficient steam enters the plurality of reactors according to the flow rate value of the first flow meter when the steam purging step is completed.
Further, the control device is specifically configured to, if the second reaction step is a vacuumizing reduction step, determine whether sufficient reducing gas enters the plurality of reactors according to a flow value of the second flow meter when the vacuumizing reduction step is completed.
Further, the control device is specifically configured to detect whether the steam purge valve of the reactor other than the one reactor is open in the plurality of reactors if the steam purge valve of the one reactor is open; and if the steam purge valves of other reactors are also in an open state, sending alarm information.
These above modules may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, such as: one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), or one or more microprocessors (DSPs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), among others. For another example, when one of the above modules is implemented in the form of a Processing element scheduler code, the Processing element may be a general-purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or other processor capable of calling program code. For another example, these modules may be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a timing control device according to an embodiment of the present application, where the timing control device may be a device having a calculation processing control function.
The timing control apparatus 900 includes: a processor 901, a storage medium 902. The processor 901 and the storage medium 802 are connected by a bus.
The storage medium 902 is used for storing a program, and the processor 901 calls the program stored in the storage medium 902 to execute the above-mentioned method embodiments. The specific implementation and technical effects are similar, and are not described herein again.
Optionally, the invention also provides a program product, for example a computer-readable storage medium, comprising a program which, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to carry out the above-mentioned method embodiments.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, or in a form of hardware plus a software functional unit.
The integrated unit implemented in the form of a software functional unit may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The software functional unit is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) or a processor (processor) to execute some steps of the methods according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
Claims (10)
1. A time sequence control method of a reactor is characterized by being applied to a control device in a control system, and the control system further comprises the following steps: a plurality of reactors, the control device being connected to the plurality of valves of each reactor; each reactor is a propane dehydrogenation reactor;
acquiring the timing duration of the first reaction step of the propane dehydrogenation reaction in each reactor;
and if the timing duration of the first reaction step reaches the preset duration of the first reaction step, controlling the valves to be switched from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of a second reaction step, wherein the second reaction step is the next reaction step of the first reaction step in the preset chemical reaction.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said controlling the plurality of valves to switch from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of the second reaction step comprises:
and if the second reaction step is a regeneration reheating step or a vacuumizing reduction step, controlling the plurality of valves to be switched from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of the second reaction step according to the valve control sequence corresponding to the second reaction step.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and after the valve state switching is completed, checking the operation conditions of the valves.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and monitoring whether the limit output signals of the valves are abnormal or not.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the control system further comprises: the first flow meter is connected with the control device and is arranged at the steam inlets of the plurality of reactors;
the method further comprises the following steps:
and if the second reaction step is a steam purging step, judging whether sufficient steam enters the reactors or not according to the flow value of the first flow meter when the steam purging step is finished.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the control system further comprises: a second flow meter connected to the control apparatus, the second flow meter being provided at the reducing gas inlet of the plurality of reactors;
the method further comprises the following steps:
and if the second reaction step is a vacuumizing reduction step, judging whether sufficient reducing gas enters the reactors or not according to the flow value of the second flowmeter when the vacuumizing reduction step is finished.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, further comprising:
if the steam purge valve of one reactor in the plurality of reactors is in an open state, detecting whether the steam purge valves of other reactors except the reactor exist in the plurality of reactors and are also in the open state at the same time;
and if the steam purge valves of the other reactors are also in an open state at the same time, sending alarm information.
8. A system for sequential control of a reactor, the control system comprising: the control device is connected with the plurality of valves of each reactor; each reactor is a propane dehydrogenation reactor;
the control apparatus is used for controlling a plurality of the reactors to perform the sequential control method of the reactors as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A sequence control apparatus for a reactor, comprising:
the acquisition device is used for acquiring the timing duration of the first reaction step in which the propane dehydrogenation reaction is performed in each reactor;
and the control device is used for controlling the plurality of valves to be switched from the valve state of the first reaction step to the valve state of the second reaction step if the timing duration of the first reaction step reaches the preset duration of the first reaction step, wherein the second reaction step is the next reaction step of the first reaction step in the preset chemical reaction.
10. A control apparatus, characterized by comprising: a processor, a storage medium, the processor and the storage medium are connected through bus communication, the storage medium stores program instructions executable by the processor, and the processor calls the program stored in the storage medium to execute the steps of the time sequence control method of the reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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