CN114252060B - Large scene manufacturing method based on space satellite images - Google Patents
Large scene manufacturing method based on space satellite images Download PDFInfo
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- CN114252060B CN114252060B CN202111680713.3A CN202111680713A CN114252060B CN 114252060 B CN114252060 B CN 114252060B CN 202111680713 A CN202111680713 A CN 202111680713A CN 114252060 B CN114252060 B CN 114252060B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012892 rational function Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
- G01C11/04—Interpretation of pictures
- G01C11/30—Interpretation of pictures by triangulation
- G01C11/34—Aerial triangulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
- G01C11/04—Interpretation of pictures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large scene manufacturing method based on space satellite images. The traditional aviation data is adopted to produce the large-scene three-dimensional model, so that the work is complex, the fitting precision of the imaging model is low, and the cost is high. According to the method, the accurate RPC model of the satellite image is obtained through space three calculation by selecting proper satellite image data; correcting DOM data by using a precise RPC model and DSM digital differentiation; satellite stereoscopic splicing line editing is carried out in the overlapping area between the image pairs; performing seamless mosaic and uniform color and uniform light treatment on the satellite images to generate left images of a large satellite scene; introducing a parallax function to generate a satellite large scene right image; and (5) performing three-dimensional measurement to obtain a ground result. The invention uses the high-resolution satellite image data to replace the large scene generation technology of the traditional aerial remote sensing image for the first time, reduces the field data acquisition cost, and provides an efficient surveying means for the surveying activities in extremely difficult mountain areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of surveying and mapping, and particularly relates to a large scene manufacturing method based on space satellite images.
Background
The use of aerial remote sensing data for large scene production has been widely accepted and favored in a plurality of engineering fields such as investigation, design and the like, and is a novel three-dimensional imaging mapping measurement technology after a traditional three-dimensional model. However, the method for producing the large-scene three-dimensional model by adopting the traditional aviation data has the problems of complex stitching line editing work, low fitting precision of an imaging model and the like caused by small image amplitude of an original image; and the problems of high cost, difficult construction period control, long field data acquisition time, heavy field interactive editing work and the like in the traditional aviation large-scene photography are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a large scene manufacturing method based on space satellite images,
in order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a large scene manufacturing method based on space satellite images comprises the following steps:
step one: according to task requirements and the conditions of the areas, satellite image data with proper resolution are selected, so that a stereo pair formed by the same orbit or different orbit data completely covers the areas;
step two: performing radiation calibration on the radiation brightness value of the satellite image data;
step three: the method comprises the steps of performing constraint space three-dimensional calculation on an original purchased image RPC rational function model through satellite orbit information, ground control points and ground terrain data to obtain a satellite image precise RPC model;
step four: forming a low-resolution DSM model through the intermediate point cloud generated in the third step, or downloading free topographic data in a region, wherein the DSM model is required to record a geographic coordinate system or projection coordinate information;
step five: correcting DOM data by using a satellite image precise RPC model and DSM digital differentiation according to the result of the step four and the step three;
step six: selecting a low-resolution correction result from the generated DOM data, covering the pairs according to satellite images, and editing satellite three-dimensional splicing lines in an overlapping area between the pairs;
step seven: on the basis of the step six, seamless mosaic and uniform color and uniform light treatment are carried out on the satellite images, and left images of a large satellite scene are generated;
step eight: acquiring a base line length, a voyage height and a photographing height, introducing a parallax function, and generating a satellite large scene right image;
step nine: the color and the tone of the homonymous textures of the left image of the large satellite scene and the right image of the large satellite scene are adjusted to be consistent;
step ten: according to the parallax function, the satellite rational function model and the DSM information, the range and the mapping relation of the satellite large scene right image are reversely calculated;
step eleven: and carrying out three-dimensional measurement according to the left image of the large satellite scene and the right image of the large satellite scene to obtain a ground result.
Specifically, in the eighth step, the parallax function is:
wherein B is the base line length, H is the altitude, Z 0 The photographing height and Z are DSM corresponding height values.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The invention uses the high-resolution satellite image data to replace the large scene generation technology of the traditional aerial remote sensing image for the first time, reduces the field data acquisition cost and the time cost, and provides a new and efficient survey means for the survey activities in extremely difficult mountainous areas;
2) The method can not bring the influence of deformation and pixel displacement existing in the aerial remote sensing image into a large scene model, so that the method has the characteristics of reliable precision, uniform error distribution and the like under the condition of the same ground resolution;
3) The method solves the problem of large-scene three-dimensional measurement based on the satellite rational function model, and enables the large-scene three-dimensional measurement theory to be more general.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a space satellite linear sweep stereoscopic large scene operation;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of satellite imaging.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention includes the steps of:
step one: firstly, satellite image data with proper resolution is selected and purchased according to task requirements and the conditions of a measurement area, so that a stereo pair formed by the same-orbit or different-orbit data completely covers the measurement area, the image quality is clear, and candidate cloud-free or cloud-free image pairs exist in the effective coverage area. Because the satellite orbits are relatively regular, as shown in fig. 2, the satellite orbits regularly run on the earth, and when a large scene is produced, the satellite images are selected to be the same-orbit satellites or different-orbit satellites as far as possible, so that the follow-up baseline directions are ensured to be approximately the same;
step two: in order to better embody the effectiveness of the satellite image radiation value, the radiation brightness value of the satellite image data needs to be subjected to radiation calibration, and radiation errors caused by the sensor, the atmosphere, the solar altitude angle, the terrain and the like are eliminated;
step three: the accuracy of the original purchased image RPC rational function model is low, and the high-accuracy measurement requirement cannot be met, so that the satellite image accurate RPC model is calculated by carrying out constraint space three-resolution through satellite orbit information, ground control points and ground topography data;
as shown in formulas 1-3, the satellite imaging mode cannot be deduced by using a strict space geometric mode by using a more general rational function model, so that 80 coefficients+10 normalization parameters are used, F describes the mapping relationship from the image space to the ground object space, namely, the mapping from the longitude L, the latitude B, the altitude H to the pixel coordinate points (c, r), for the numerical stability of the mapping relationship, the dependent variable and the independent variable in the mapping relationship are generally normalized by formula 2, and formula 1 describes the general expression form of the mapping relationship, so that each satellite image needs to be iteratively solved for 90 unknowns in the air three calculation. And (3) forming an equation set formula 3 through the constraint of the ground point control and the connection point, and solving the precise RPC model parameters through an iteration solving mode of an overdetermined equation set.
Step four: forming a low-resolution DSM model through the intermediate point cloud generated in the third step, or downloading the free topographic data disclosed in the area, wherein the DSM is required to record a geographic coordinate system or projection coordinate information at the moment, so that the subsequent operation of a space coordinate system is convenient;
step five: correcting DOM data by using a satellite image precise RPC model and DSM digital differentiation according to the result of the step four and the step three; the correction result with low resolution can be selected for the editing and extraction of the subsequent three-dimensional spelling line;
step six: selecting a low-resolution correction result from the generated DOM data, covering the pairs according to satellite images, and editing satellite three-dimensional splicing lines in an overlapping area between the pairs;
step seven: on the basis of the step six, seamless mosaic and uniform color and uniform light treatment are carried out on the satellite images, and left images of a large satellite scene are generated; before the image is uniformly colored and optically illuminated, the problem that satellite images are not 8 bits needs to be solved, and the satellite images can be mapped into a general 8bit image format in a nonlinear mapping mode;
step eight: acquiring a base line length, a voyage height and a photographing height, introducing a parallax function, and generating a satellite large scene right image; the parallax function is:
wherein B is the base line length, H is the altitude, Z 0 The photographing height and Z are DSM corresponding height values; the baseline length of the satellite image pair may be obtained from satellite orbit parameters, or for orthographic satellitesThe images are directly obtained by adopting the distance between the geographic positions of the image centers; the photography altitude can also be checked for satellite orbit altitude parameters or can be given an average altitude for a low orbit satellite.
Step nine: the color and the tone of the same-name texture of the left image of the large satellite scene and the right image of the large satellite scene are adjusted to be consistent, so that a later three-dimensional imaging result is facilitated;
step ten: according to the parallax function, the satellite rational function model and the DSM information, the range and the mapping relation of the satellite large scene right image are reversely calculated;
step eleven: the method comprises the steps of performing three-dimensional measurement according to a left image of a large satellite scene and a right image of the large satellite scene to obtain a ground result; the three-dimensional measurement formula is shown as formula 5, and the ground result is a longitude and latitude geographic coordinate system, projection transformation can be carried out to the ground surface projection coordinate system in a manual setting mode, and the method is convenient for engineering direct application.
Examples:
if the satellite image data is used in a test area of 100 km, only tens of images are needed, and if the aerial photography mode is used, tens of thousands of original image data are needed, and in addition, the space flight conditions, the space application, the aerial photography equipment and the like are considered, so that the three-dimensional large scene generation method using the space satellite image has incomparable cost advantages.
The content of the invention is not limited to the examples listed, and any equivalent transformation to the technical solution of the invention that a person skilled in the art can take on by reading the description of the invention is covered by the claims of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A large scene manufacturing method based on space satellite images is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one: according to task requirements and the conditions of the areas, satellite image data with proper resolution are selected, so that a stereo pair formed by the same orbit or different orbit data completely covers the areas;
step two: performing radiation calibration on the radiation brightness value of the satellite image data;
step three: the method comprises the steps of performing constraint space three-dimensional calculation on an original purchased image RPC rational function model through satellite orbit information, ground control points and ground terrain data to obtain a satellite image precise RPC model;
step four: forming a low-resolution DSM model through the intermediate point cloud generated in the third step, or downloading free topographic data in a region, wherein the DSM model is required to record a geographic coordinate system or projection coordinate information;
step five: correcting DOM data by using a satellite image precise RPC model and DSM digital differentiation according to the result of the step four and the step three;
step six: selecting a low-resolution correction result from the generated DOM data, covering the pairs according to satellite images, and editing satellite three-dimensional splicing lines in an overlapping area between the pairs;
step seven: on the basis of the step six, seamless mosaic and uniform color and uniform light treatment are carried out on the satellite images, and left images of a large satellite scene are generated;
step eight: acquiring a base line length, a voyage height and a photographing height, introducing a parallax function, and generating a satellite large scene right image;
step nine: the color and the tone of the homonymous textures of the left image of the large satellite scene and the right image of the large satellite scene are adjusted to be consistent;
step ten: according to the parallax function, the satellite rational function model and the DSM information, the range and the mapping relation of the satellite large scene right image are reversely calculated;
step eleven: the method comprises the steps of performing three-dimensional measurement according to a left image of a large satellite scene and a right image of the large satellite scene to obtain a ground result;
in step eight, the parallax function is:
wherein B is the base line length, H is the altitude, Z 0 The photographing height and Z are DSM corresponding height values.
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| CN110763205A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-02-07 | 新疆维吾尔自治区测绘科学研究院 | Method for generating orthophoto map of border narrow and long area by digital photogrammetric system |
| CN111508028A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-08-07 | 武汉大学 | Autonomous in-orbit geometric calibration method and system for optical stereo mapping satellite camera |
| CN112529946A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-19 | 中南大学 | High discrete body model optimization method and system based on elevation data, electronic equipment and readable storage medium |
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- 2021-12-31 CN CN202111680713.3A patent/CN114252060B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1529126A (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2004-09-15 | 武汉大学 | Measurable seamless space stereomodel gereration method based on digital stereo normal incidence image mosaic |
| KR101668006B1 (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2016-10-20 | 한국항공우주연구원 | Satellite Based Method and System for Constructing 3D GIS Data |
| CN109903352A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-06-18 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | A kind of seamless orthography production method in the big region of satellite remote-sensing image |
| CN110763205A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-02-07 | 新疆维吾尔自治区测绘科学研究院 | Method for generating orthophoto map of border narrow and long area by digital photogrammetric system |
| CN111508028A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-08-07 | 武汉大学 | Autonomous in-orbit geometric calibration method and system for optical stereo mapping satellite camera |
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