CN114251645A - Water level control system and control method for steam generator - Google Patents
Water level control system and control method for steam generator Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/42—Applications, arrangements, or dispositions of alarm or automatic safety devices
- F22B37/46—Applications, arrangements, or dispositions of alarm or automatic safety devices responsive to low or high water level, e.g. for checking, suppressing, extinguishing combustion in boilers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D3/00—Control of nuclear power plant
- G21D3/04—Safety arrangements
- G21D3/06—Safety arrangements responsive to faults within the plant
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water level control system and a control method of a steam generator, wherein the system comprises: the pressure difference measuring module is used for obtaining a real-time water level measuring signal of the steam generator through differential pressure calculation; the subtraction module is used for comparing the set water level setting value with the water level measuring signal to obtain a water level deviation signal; the water level return difference module generates a logic control signal according to the water level deviation signal, and outputs an over-water level deviation signal when the water level deviation signal is greater than a trigger threshold value; the pre-drying pre-opening generation module is used for generating a pre-drying pre-valve opening signal through a steam turbine load represented by steam flow measured by a steam main pipe of a steam generator; and the water level selector receives the water level exceeding deviation signal and starts the pre-intervention opening generation module to control the valve to feed water. The liquid level control system avoids triggering a safety signal to cause reactor shutdown aiming at the phenomenon that the water level deviation of the steam generator is overlarge under abnormal working conditions, improves the stability of the steam generator and ensures that the water level of the steam generator does not change abnormally.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of verification, in particular to a water level control system and a water level control method for a steam generator.
Background
In order to meet the requirement of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant for accurate control of water supply flow under different power operating conditions, a water supply requirement value is calculated and a water supply valve is adjusted by adopting water level mismatch and steam-water mismatch of a steam generator (SG for short).
The main feed water flow regulating system is a key system in the design of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant and provides enough feed water for the heat in the coolant of a primary loop led out by a steam generator so as to generate saturated steam to supply a power device of a secondary loop.
Meanwhile, in the design of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, the water level of a steam generator is controlled to be close to a water level setting value determined according to load through a main feed water flow regulating system, so that the situation that the dryer is submerged due to overhigh water level in a transient state to cause the increase of steam humidity at an outlet and damage to a turbine blade is prevented; on the other hand, the water level is prevented from being too low, the temperature of primary coolant is increased, insufficient core cooling is caused, and heat transfer tubes of the steam generator are damaged.
In the prior art, the automatic water level control function is designed for a normal operation process, and a water level control function specially designed for abnormal working conditions (operator misoperation, equipment failure and the like) is not provided, but some abnormal working conditions may exist in the normal operation transient state of the nuclear power station, if an operator switches manual mode control for a long time, when the water level continuously rises/falls, the water level deviation of a steam generator is overlarge, the existing automatic control scheme cannot cope with the water level regulation of the abnormal severe working conditions, and the high-low water level protection function may be triggered to cause the shutdown of a unit.
The limitation of the prior art is that under abnormal working conditions (such as an operator manual control mode, the water supply flow control command is abnormal), the water supply flow is not matched with the water supply demand signal, so that the water level continuously rises or falls, and the safety protection signal is triggered.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a steam generator water level control system and method, which is directed to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: constructing a steam generator level control system comprising:
the pressure difference measuring module is used for obtaining a real-time water level measuring signal of the steam generator through differential pressure calculation;
the subtraction module is used for comparing the set water level setting value with the water level measuring signal to obtain a water level deviation signal;
the water level return difference module generates a logic control signal according to the water level deviation signal, and outputs an over-water level deviation signal when the water level deviation signal is greater than a trigger threshold value;
the pre-drying pre-opening generation module is used for generating a pre-drying pre-valve opening signal through a steam turbine load represented by steam flow measured by a steam main pipe of a steam generator;
and the water level selector receives the over-water level deviation signal and starts the pre-intervention opening generation module to control the valve to feed water.
Preferably, the control system further comprises:
the super water level deviation signal comprises a high water level deviation signal and a low water level deviation signal;
the water level return difference module comprises a low trigger for triggering and outputting a low water level deviation signal when the water level is lower than a low water level threshold value and a high trigger for triggering and outputting a high water level deviation signal when the water level exceeds a high water level threshold value;
the pre-intervention pre-opening degree generation module comprises a high water level return difference module and a low water level return difference module, wherein the super water level deviation signal is input into the two independent high water level return difference modules and the low water level return difference module, and control signals of the high water level return difference module and the low water level return difference module are correspondingly generated;
the water level selector comprises a high water level selector and a low water level selector;
when the super water level deviation signal is larger than the water level return difference module threshold, the high trigger and the low trigger respectively and correspondingly output control signals of the high water level return difference module and the low water level return difference module to the water level selector so that the high water level selector and the low water level selector of the water level selector work to control the opening of the valve to supply water.
Preferably, after the super water level deviation signal is decreased and exceeds the return difference of the high water level deviation signal or is increased and exceeds the return difference of the low water level deviation signal, the pre-intervention opening degree generation module is disabled;
the control system further comprises: and the automatic valve opening generation module is used for calculating and generating an opening signal of the valve controlled by the automatic valve opening generation module through the traditional liquid level deviation and the water supply deviation.
Preferably, the control system further comprises:
and the setting module is used for setting a water level setting value of the steam generator.
Preferably, the control system further comprises: and the steam turbine load measuring device is used for measuring the steam main pipe to obtain the steam flow, representing the steam turbine load and obtaining a steam turbine load calculation value.
An automatic control method for water level of a steam generator comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining a real-time steam generator water level measuring signal;
s2, obtaining a water level deviation signal according to the comparison between the water level setting value and the water level measuring signal;
s3, when the water level deviation signal is larger than the trigger threshold value, outputting an over water level deviation signal;
s4, generating a pre-drying valve opening signal through a steam turbine load represented by steam flow measured by a steam main pipe of the steam generator;
and S5, receiving the over-water level deviation signal, and controlling valve water supply by the pre-drying valve opening signal.
Preferably, the super water level deviation signal comprises a high water level deviation signal and a low water level deviation signal;
in step S5, control signals are respectively and correspondingly output according to the high water level deviation signal and the low water level deviation signal, so as to respectively control the opening of the valve to supply water.
Preferably, in the step S3, when the super water level deviation signal decreases beyond the return difference of the high water level deviation signal or increases beyond the return difference of the low water level deviation signal, the steps S4 and S5 are stopped.
Preferably, after the steps S4, S5 are stopped, go to step S6: and calculating to generate an opening signal of a valve controlled by the automatic control module through the traditional liquid level deviation and the water supply deviation.
Preferably, the step S2 further includes: setting a water level of the steam generator;
in the step S4, the method is used for obtaining the steam flow by measuring the steam main pipe, characterizing the load of the steam turbine, and obtaining a calculated value of the load of the steam turbine.
The steam generator water level control system and the control method have the following beneficial effects: the liquid level control system avoids triggering a safety signal to cause reactor shutdown aiming at the phenomenon that the water level deviation of the steam generator is overlarge under abnormal working conditions, improves the stability of the steam generator and ensures that the water level of the steam generator cannot change abnormally.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a steam generator level control system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a steam generator level control system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of water level control when the water level in the steam generator exceeds a high water level threshold;
FIG. 4 is a graph of valve opening versus turbine load for different conditions of normal, low, high, etc. water level in the steam generator.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the water level control system of the steam generator 6 in a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a differential pressure measuring module 1, a subtraction module 2, a water level return difference module 3, a pre-intervention opening degree generating module 4, and a water level selector 5.
In some embodiments, the differential pressure measurement module 1 is used for obtaining a real-time steam generator 6 water level measurement signal through differential pressure calculation, and the water level control system obtains the real-time steam generator 6 water level measurement signal through differential pressure calculation by the differential pressure measurement module 1 arranged inside the steam generator 6 and obtains the water level deviation signal through the subtraction module 2 by the water level deviation signal with the manually set steam generator 6 setting value.
The subtraction module 2 compares the set water level setting value with the water level measuring signal to obtain a water level deviation signal; and the water level return difference module 3 generates a logic control signal according to the water level deviation signal, and outputs an over-water level deviation signal when the water level deviation signal is greater than a trigger threshold value.
The pre-drying pre-opening generation module 4 generates a pre-drying pre-valve 7 opening signal through a steam turbine load represented by steam flow measured by a steam main pipe of the steam generator 6; the water level selector 5 receives the water level exceeding deviation signal, and starts the pre-intervention opening generation module 4 to control the valve 7 to supply water.
The invention provides a liquid level control system of a steam generator 6 under an abnormal working condition, aiming at the phenomenon that the deviation of the water level of the steam generator 6 is overlarge due to the abnormal working condition, the shutdown of a reactor due to the triggering of a safety signal is avoided, the stability of the steam generator 6 is improved, and the water level of the steam generator 6 is ensured not to change abnormally.
Through water level deviation signal and soda mismatch signal combined action, obtain water supply valve 7 demand signal, 7 apertures of control valve satisfy 6 heat conduction of steam generator and water level control purpose.
Generally, the super level deviation signal includes a high level deviation signal and a low level deviation signal, which are generated at a high level and a low level, respectively.
The level return module 3 includes a low flip-flop 31 for triggering output of a low level deviation signal when the water level is below a low level threshold and a high flip-flop 32 for triggering output of a high level deviation signal when a high level threshold is exceeded.
The pre-intervention pre-opening degree generating module 4 comprises a high water level return difference module 41 and a low water level return difference module 42, wherein a high water level deviation signal and a low water level deviation signal of an ultra water level deviation signal are respectively input into the high water level return difference module 41 and the low water level return difference module 42 which are independent, and control signals of the high water level return difference module 41 and the low water level return difference module 42 are correspondingly generated.
The water level selector 5 comprises a high water level selector 51 and a low water level selector 52, when the deviation signal of the super water level is greater than the threshold value of the water level return difference module 3, the high trigger 32 and the low trigger 31 respectively output control signals of the high water level return difference module 41 and the low water level return difference module 42 to the water level selector 5, so that the high water level selector 51 and the low water level selector 52 of the water level selector 5 work, the two control signal selectors connected in series before the water supply control valve 7 are switched to the high water level return difference module 41 or the low water level return difference module 42, the opening of the valve 7 is controlled to supply water, the water supply speed is controlled, the water level is returned to the normal water level, the control at different water levels is met, and the safety is improved.
The opening degree of the valve 7 is finally generated by the steam turbine load represented by the steam flow measured by the steam main pipe of the steam generator 6 through two independent valve 7 opening function generators of the pre-intervention opening degree generation module 4, namely the high water level return difference module 41 or the low water level return difference module 42.
After the super water level deviation signal is reduced and exceeds the return difference of the high water level deviation signal or is increased and exceeds the return difference of the low water level deviation signal, the pre-intervention opening degree generation module 4 is invalid, and the conventional automatic control is recovered. Further, when the water level deviation signal of the steam generator 6 is reduced or increased to exceed the return difference of the high water level return difference module 41 and the low water level return difference module 42, the operator pre-intervention system is released, the high water level return difference module 41 and the low water level return difference module 42 are disabled, and the control signal of the water supply valve 7 is restored to the normal automatic control function.
In some embodiments, the calculated return difference logic determining and pre-intervention opening degree generating module 4 of the water level return difference module 3 determines whether to start the high water level return difference module 41 and the low water level return difference module 42 according to the water level deviation signal and the set threshold, and determines whether to shut down the high water level return difference module 41 and the low water level return difference module 42 according to the set return difference.
After the high water level return difference module 41 and the low water level return difference module 42 are triggered, the opening demand signal of the valve 7 at the moment is output through a function module of the steam turbine load signal input valve 7 opening signal.
Further, the control system also comprises an automatic valve opening generating module 8, a setting module 61 and a turbine load measuring device 62.
The automatic valve opening generation module 8 generates an opening signal of the valve 7 controlled by the automatic valve opening generation module 8 through traditional liquid level deviation and water supply deviation calculation, and when the water level deviation is within a normal range, the automatic valve opening generation module 8 works to control the valve 7 to be opened.
The setting module 61 is used for setting a water level setting value of the steam generator 6, and the water level setting value can be set according to different equipment and working conditions.
The steam turbine load measuring device 62 is used for obtaining steam flow through measuring a steam main pipe, representing the steam turbine load and obtaining a steam turbine load calculation value.
The automatic control method of the water level of the steam generator 6 in another embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of:
s1, obtaining a real-time water level measuring signal of the steam generator 6;
s2, obtaining a water level deviation signal according to the comparison of the water level setting value and the water level measuring signal;
s3, when the water level deviation signal is larger than the trigger threshold value, outputting an over water level deviation signal;
s4, generating an opening signal of a pre-drying valve 7 through a steam turbine load represented by steam flow measured by a steam main pipe of the steam generator 6;
and S5, receiving the over-water level deviation signal, and controlling the valve 7 to supply water according to the opening signal of the pre-drying valve 7.
Further, the super water level deviation signal comprises a high water level deviation signal and a low water level deviation signal;
in step S5, control signals are output according to the high water level deviation signal and the low water level deviation signal, respectively, so as to control the opening of the valve 7 to supply water.
In some embodiments, in step S3, steps S4, S5 stop after the super water level deviation signal decreases beyond the return difference of the high water level deviation signal or increases beyond the return difference of the low water level deviation signal.
Further, after the steps S4, S5 stop, the flow goes to step S6: the opening signal of the valve 7 controlled by the automatic control module is generated by calculating the traditional liquid level deviation and the water supply deviation, and the conventional automatic water inlet mode is recovered.
In some embodiments, step S2 further includes: the set water level of the steam generator 6;
in step S4, the method is used to obtain a steam flow by measuring the steam main pipe, characterize the load of the steam turbine, and obtain a calculated value of the load of the steam turbine.
As shown in fig. 3, the water level setting value of the steam generator 6 in the control system is 50%, when the water level measurement value of the steam generator 6 is increased from 50% to 60%, the water level deviation signal of the steam generator 6 is increased from 0% to 10% and exceeds the threshold value 10 of the high water level return difference module 41 of the pre-intervention opening generation module 4, the logic signal of the high water level return difference module 41 of the pre-intervention opening generation module 4 is changed from 0 to 1, the high water level selector 51 of the pre-intervention opening generation module 4 is switched to the high water level system of the pre-intervention opening generation module 4 by the feed water control valve automatic control signal, the steam turbine load output by the control system is in the high water level deviation function generator, namely the opening of the valve 7 generated in the high water level return difference module 41, the opening signal at this time is smaller than the feed water flow rate required by the steam turbine load at this time, the water level of the steam generator 6 is reduced due to the reduction of the feed water flow rate, when the water level of the steam generator 6 is lower than the return difference 9% of the high water level return difference of the pre-intervention opening degree generation module 4, the logic signal of the high water level return difference module 41 is changed from 1 to 0, and the high water level selector 51 is switched to the automatic control signal by the water level return difference module 3 and returns to the automatic control.
Because the water supply flow demand is related to the steam turbine load, the steam flow obtained by measuring the load of the steam turbine in the program is related, which means that under the corresponding steam turbine load, there are corresponding steam flow and water supply flow, and also represents that there is corresponding opening of the water supply valve 7 corresponding to the steam turbine load, as shown by the solid line passing through the zero point in the coordinate of fig. 4, in the normal control, the opening of the water supply valve 7 is on the normal open degree curve along with the change of the steam turbine, and provides the water supply flow under the corresponding load, and after the high water level deviation and the low water level deviation are triggered, the control logic generates the opening signals of the valve 7 after the high water level return difference module 41 and the low water level return difference module 42 corresponding to the steam turbine load, and provides the signals for the water supply valve 7 to adjust.
Referring to fig. 4, the valve 7 is opened at a lower or higher level than the normal valve 7 for lowering or raising the water level of the steam generator 6.
For example, when the water level of the steam generator 6 is low, after the low level return module 42 is triggered, a larger feed water flow needs to be provided to enable the water level of the steam generator 6 to rise and return to the normal range, so that a control signal larger than the normal opening degree of the valve 7 at this time is generated in the low level return module 42 of the low level deviation according to the load of the steam turbine through a dotted line above a black solid line passing through a zero point in fig. 4.
For example, when the water level of the steam generator 6 is high, after the high level return module 41 is triggered, a smaller feed water flow rate needs to be provided to lower the water level of the steam generator 6 to return to the normal range, so that a control signal smaller than the normal valve 7 opening degree at this time is generated in the high level return module 41 of the high level deviation according to the load of the steam turbine through the dotted line below the black solid line passing through the zero point in fig. 4.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the water level of the steam generator 6 under an abnormal working condition is adjusted by adopting an automatic control scheme, so that the operation flexibility of the unit is improved;
2. the proper opening degree of the water supply valve 7 is matched according to the load of the unit, so that the valve 7 is prevented from excessively acting in a short time, and the risk of triggering water level protection is reduced.
3. The risk of reactor shutdown caused by abnormal working conditions such as misoperation can be reduced, and the consequences caused by human errors are relieved.
It is to be understood that the above-described respective technical features may be used in any combination without limitation.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A steam generator water level control system, comprising:
the pressure difference measuring module (1) is used for obtaining a real-time water level measuring signal of the steam generator (6) through differential pressure calculation;
the subtraction module (2) is used for comparing the set water level value with the water level measurement signal to obtain a water level deviation signal;
the water level return difference module (3) generates a logic control signal according to the water level deviation signal, and outputs an over-water level deviation signal when the water level deviation signal is greater than a trigger threshold value;
the pre-drying pre-opening generation module (4) is used for generating a pre-drying pre-valve (7) opening signal through a steam turbine load represented by steam flow measured by a steam main pipe of the steam generator (6);
and the water level selector (5) is used for receiving the over-water level deviation signal and starting the pre-intervention opening generation module (4) to control a valve (7) to feed water.
2. The steam generator water level control system of claim 1, further comprising:
the super water level deviation signal comprises a high water level deviation signal and a low water level deviation signal;
the water level return difference module (3) comprises a low trigger (31) for triggering and outputting a low water level deviation signal when the water level is lower than a low water level threshold value and a high trigger (32) for triggering and outputting a high water level deviation signal when the water level exceeds a high water level threshold value;
the pre-drying pre-opening degree generating module (4) comprises a high water level return difference module (41) and a low water level return difference module (42), the super water level deviation signal is input into the two independent high water level return difference modules (41) and low water level return difference modules (42), and control signals of the high water level return difference module (41) and the low water level return difference module (42) are correspondingly generated;
the water level selector (5) comprises a high water level selector (51) and a low water level selector (52);
when the super water level deviation signal is larger than the threshold value of the water level return difference module (3), the high trigger (32) and the low trigger (31) respectively and correspondingly output control signals of the high water level return difference module (41) and the low water level return difference module (42) to the water level selector (5) so that the high water level selector (51) and the low water level selector (52) of the water level selector (5) work to control the opening degree of the valve (7) to supply water.
3. The steam generator water level control system according to claim 2, wherein the pre-intervention opening degree generation module (4) is disabled after the over-water level deviation signal decreases beyond a return difference of the high-water level deviation signal or increases beyond a return difference of the low-water level deviation signal;
the control system further comprises: and the automatic valve opening generation module (8) is used for calculating and generating an opening signal of the valve (7) controlled by the automatic valve opening generation module (8) through traditional liquid level deviation and water supply deviation.
4. The steam generator water level control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:
a setting module (61) for setting a water level setting of the steam generator (6).
5. The steam generator water level control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: and the steam turbine load measuring device (62) is used for obtaining steam flow through measuring the steam main pipe, representing the steam turbine load and obtaining a steam turbine load calculation value.
6. A water level control method of a steam generator, comprising the steps of:
s1, obtaining a real-time water level measuring signal of the steam generator (6);
s2, obtaining a water level deviation signal according to the comparison between the water level setting value and the water level measuring signal;
s3, when the water level deviation signal is larger than the trigger threshold value, outputting an over water level deviation signal;
s4, generating an opening signal of a pre-drying valve (7) through a steam turbine load represented by steam flow measured by a steam main pipe of the steam generator (6);
and S5, receiving the over-water level deviation signal, and controlling the valve (7) to feed water by the opening signal of the pre-intervention valve (7).
7. The steam generator water level control method according to claim 6,
the super water level deviation signal comprises a high water level deviation signal and a low water level deviation signal;
in the step S5, control signals are respectively and correspondingly output according to the high water level deviation signal and the low water level deviation signal, so as to respectively control the opening degree of the valve (7) to supply water.
8. The steam generator water level control method according to claim 7, wherein in the step S3, the steps S4 and S5 are stopped when the over water level deviation signal decreases beyond a return difference of the high water level deviation signal or increases beyond a return difference of the low water level deviation signal.
9. The steam generator water level control method according to claim 8, wherein after the steps S4, S5 are stopped, proceeding to step S6: and calculating and generating an opening signal of a valve (7) controlled by an automatic control module through the traditional liquid level deviation and the water supply deviation.
10. The steam generator water level control method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the step S2 further comprises: setting a water level of the steam generator (6);
in the step S4, the method is used for obtaining the steam flow by measuring the steam main pipe, characterizing the load of the steam turbine, and obtaining a calculated value of the load of the steam turbine.
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