CN114251342A - Self-locking nut design method, self-locking nut and self-locking assembly - Google Patents
Self-locking nut design method, self-locking nut and self-locking assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN114251342A CN114251342A CN202111649162.4A CN202111649162A CN114251342A CN 114251342 A CN114251342 A CN 114251342A CN 202111649162 A CN202111649162 A CN 202111649162A CN 114251342 A CN114251342 A CN 114251342A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/24—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by means of washers, spring washers, or resilient plates that lock against the object
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B27/00—Hubs
- B60B27/0005—Hubs with ball bearings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B27/00—Hubs
- B60B27/0015—Hubs for driven wheels
- B60B27/0021—Hubs for driven wheels characterised by torque transmission means from drive axle
- B60B27/0026—Hubs for driven wheels characterised by torque transmission means from drive axle of the radial type, e.g. splined key
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B27/00—Hubs
- B60B27/06—Hubs adapted to be fixed on axle
- B60B27/065—Hubs adapted to be fixed on axle characterised by the fixation of the hub to the axle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/28—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/28—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
- F16B39/284—Locking by means of elastic deformation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/28—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
- F16B39/36—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt with conical locking parts, which may be split, including use of separate rings co-operating therewith
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of vehicle equipment, in particular to a self-locking nut design method, a self-locking nut, a self-locking assembly and a vehicle, wherein the self-locking nut design method comprises the following steps: calculating a first maximum static friction moment of a thread pair formed by the self-locking nut and the driving shaft, a second maximum static friction moment between the first surface and the side surface of the hub and a third maximum static friction moment between the second surface and the third surface, and adjusting the structure and/or the size of the self-locking nut to ensure that the first maximum static friction moment is smaller than the second maximum static friction moment and the first maximum static friction moment is larger than the third maximum static friction moment. According to the self-locking nut design method, the self-locking nut and the self-locking assembly, the problem that the riveting limiting locking mechanism cannot be reused once being detached is effectively solved, and the reusability of the self-locking nut is improved; the self-locking gasket forms twice anti-return loose matching between the self-locking nut and the hub, and the occurrence probability of the self-locking nut return loose phenomenon is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of vehicle equipment, in particular to a self-locking nut design method, a self-locking nut and a self-locking assembly.
Background
The driving shaft and the hub of the automobile are usually connected through an involute spline in an interference fit mode, however, the relative movement of the driving shaft and the hub in the axial direction of the driving shaft cannot be avoided in the running process of the automobile. Currently, in order to prevent the relative movement, a limit locking mechanism is usually riveted on the driving shaft or a self-locking nut is screwed to limit the hub.
However, the riveting limit locking mechanism is inconvenient for the maintenance and the disassembly of the driving shaft and the hub, and once the riveting limit locking mechanism is disassembled, the riveting limit locking mechanism can not be reused, and the reusability is poor. Although the self-locking torque of the hub to the driving shaft is increased under the action of the self-locking nut, the self-locking nut still has a loosening phenomenon when the automobile runs under a complex road condition (such as a bumpy road condition), so that the driving shaft and the hub move relatively in the axial direction of the driving shaft.
Disclosure of Invention
The self-locking nut design method, the self-locking nut and the self-locking assembly solve the problem that once the riveting limiting locking mechanism in the prior art is detached, the riveting limiting locking mechanism cannot be reused to a certain extent, and the reusability is poor; when the automobile runs under a complex road condition (such as a bumpy road condition), the self-locking nut still loosens, so that the driving shaft and the hub move relatively in the axial direction of the driving shaft.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of designing a self-locking nut for a drive shaft and a hub of a vehicle,
the self-locking nut is also used for being matched with a self-locking gasket, an external thread matched with the self-locking nut is formed on the driving shaft, when the self-locking nut is arranged on the driving shaft, the self-locking gasket is arranged between the self-locking gasket and the hub, the self-locking gasket comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other, the self-locking nut comprises a third surface, the first surface is abutted against the side surface of the hub, and the second surface is abutted against the third surface;
the design method of the self-locking nut comprises the following steps:
calculating a first maximum static friction moment of a thread pair formed by the self-locking nut and the driving shaft, a second maximum static friction moment between the first surface and the side surface of the hub, and a third maximum static friction moment between the second surface and the third surface, and adjusting the structure and/or the size of the self-locking nut to enable the first maximum static friction moment to be smaller than the second maximum static friction moment and the first maximum static friction moment to be larger than the third maximum static friction moment.
Preferably, the design method of the self-locking nut further comprises,
a pre-tightening part is arranged at the end part of one end of the self-locking nut, which is far away from the third surface, and the pre-tightening part is arranged to apply pre-tightening force acting along the radial direction of the driving shaft to the driving shaft under the state that the self-locking nut is sleeved on the driving shaft;
and calculating a fourth maximum static friction moment acted on the driving shaft by the pre-tightening part, and adjusting the structure and/or the size of the self-locking nut to ensure that the sum of the fourth maximum static friction moment and the first maximum static friction moment is less than the second maximum static friction moment, and the sum of the fourth maximum static friction moment and the first maximum static friction moment is greater than the third maximum static friction moment.
Preferably, adjusting the configuration and/or size of the self-locking nut comprises adjusting the contact area between the first face and the hub side face and/or adjusting the contact area between the second face and the third face.
Preferably, the design method of the self-locking nut further comprises providing an antifriction coating on a third face of the self-locking nut and/or the third face of the self-locking nut is used for matching with the second face coated with the antifriction coating.
Preferably, the design method of the self-locking nut further includes confirming torque transmission parameters of both the driving shaft and the hub, and performing a torque intensity technology to confirm thread specifications of an external thread of the driving shaft and an internal thread of the self-locking nut to calculate the first maximum static friction torque.
Preferably, the hub further comprises a hub bearing, the design method of the self-locking nut further comprises confirming a play range of the hub bearing, and determining an axial force through the play range, wherein the axial force is an axial acting force of the self-locking nut on the hub, and the axial acting force meets the play range.
Preferably, the design method of the self-locking nut further includes measuring and calculating the fourth maximum static friction torque, screwing the self-locking nut to the driving shaft separately, measuring the minimum torque for unscrewing the self-locking nut from the driving shaft, and measuring the average value of the minimum torque for multiple times.
According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a self-locking nut for a drive shaft and a hub of a vehicle,
the self-locking nut is also used for matching with a self-locking gasket, the driving shaft is provided with an external thread matched with the self-locking nut, when the self-locking nut is arranged on the driving shaft, the self-locking gasket is arranged between the self-locking gasket and the hub, the self-locking gasket comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other, the self-locking nut comprises a third surface, the first surface is abutted against the side surface of the hub, the second surface is abutted against the third surface,
the maximum static friction moment of a thread pair formed by the self-locking nut and the driving shaft is defined as a first maximum static friction moment, the maximum static friction moment between the first surface and the side surface of the hub is defined as a second maximum static friction moment, the maximum static friction moment between the second surface and the third surface is defined as a third maximum static friction moment, the first maximum static friction moment is smaller than the second maximum static friction moment, and the first maximum static friction moment is larger than the third maximum static friction moment.
Preferably, the self-locking nut further includes a nut body and a pre-tightening portion connected to each other, the pre-tightening portion is formed at an end of the nut body that is away from one end of the third surface, the self-locking nut is sleeved on the driving shaft, the pre-tightening portion is configured to apply a pre-tightening force acting in a radial direction of the driving shaft to the driving shaft, a maximum static friction moment acting on the driving shaft by the pre-tightening portion is defined as a fourth maximum static friction moment, a sum of the fourth maximum static friction moment and the first maximum static friction moment is smaller than the second maximum static friction moment, and a sum of the fourth maximum static friction moment and the first maximum static friction moment is larger than the third maximum static friction moment.
Preferably, the pre-tightening portion is formed as a plurality of pre-tightening pieces distributed along a circumferential direction of the drive shaft, and the pre-tightening pieces gradually approach the axis of the drive shaft from one end of the pre-tightening pieces close to the nut body to one end of the pre-tightening pieces away from the nut body in a state where the pre-tightening portion does not apply a force to the drive shaft;
the self-locking nut further comprises a first edge portion, the first edge portion is connected with the third surface, when the self-locking nut is sleeved on the driving shaft, the first edge portion extends from the interior of the self-locking gasket to the hub, and the first edge portion gradually keeps away from the axis from one end, close to the nut body, of the first edge portion to one end, far away from the nut body, of the first edge portion.
Preferably, in a state where the pretightening section does not apply a force to the drive shaft, the pretightening sheet is provided as a first tapered portion, a half of a vertex angle of the first taper is 5 ° to 10 °, and an axis of the first taper is parallel to or coincides with an axis of the drive shaft;
the self-locking nut further comprises a second edge part, the second edge part extends along the axis direction, and the second edge part is arranged between the third surface and the first edge part;
the first edge part is a second conical part, the half of the vertex angle of the second cone is 1-3 degrees, and the axis of the second cone is parallel to or coincided with the axis of the driving shaft.
Preferably, the self-locking nut further comprises an antifriction coating, and the antifriction coating is arranged on a third face of the self-locking nut;
the drive shaft is formed with the involute spline, wheel hub be formed with involute spline matched with ring gear, involute spline with both interference fit of ring gear.
According to a third aspect of the present application, there is provided a self-locking assembly for a drive shaft and a hub of a vehicle, comprising a self-locking nut designed using the design method of the self-locking nut described above or comprising the self-locking nut described above.
Preferably, the self-locking washer is formed as an annular washer;
the self-locking assembly further comprises an anti-friction coating, and the anti-friction coating is arranged on the second surface of the self-locking gasket.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this application is:
according to the design method of the self-locking nut, the first maximum static friction moment is smaller than the second maximum static friction moment by adjusting the second maximum static friction moment between the first surface and the side surface of the hub and the third maximum static friction moment between the second surface and the third surface, so that the hub and the self-locking gasket are effectively prevented from loosening (namely, one-time anti-loosening matching is realized); the first maximum static friction moment is larger than the third maximum static friction moment, so that the self-locking nut and the self-locking gasket are effectively prevented from loosening (namely, the return loosening prevention matching is realized again). Thereby achieving the restriction of the relative movement of both the hub and the drive shaft in the axial direction of the drive shaft. On one hand, the self-locking nut and the self-locking gasket effectively avoid the problem that the riveting limit locking mechanism cannot be reused once being detached, and the reusability of the self-locking nut is improved; on the other hand, the self-locking gasket forms twice anti-loosening matching between the self-locking nut and the hub, so that the occurrence probability of the phenomenon that the self-locking nut loosens when the automobile is in a running state under a complex road condition (such as a bumpy road condition) is effectively reduced.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the detailed description of the present application or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is an assembly structure diagram of a self-locking assembly, a hub and a driving shaft provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic structural view of an assembly structure of the self-locking assembly, the hub and the driving shaft provided in fig. 1 at a point a;
fig. 3 is a schematic axial view of a self-locking assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the self-locking assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application, the sectional view being taken through a plane passing through the axis of the driving shaft;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a design method of a self-locking nut according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
1-a drive shaft; 2-a hub; 3-self-locking nut; 31-a nut body; 32-a pre-tensioning sheet; 33-third face; 34 a-first edge; 34 b-second edge; 4-self-locking gasket; 41-a first side; 42-second side.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments.
The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application.
All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The self-locking nut 3 design method, the self-locking nut 3 and the self-locking assembly according to some embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 5.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a design method of a self-locking nut, where the self-locking nut 3 is used for a driving shaft 1 and a hub 2 of a vehicle, the self-locking nut 3 is also used for being matched with a self-locking gasket 4, the driving shaft 1 is formed with an external thread matched with the self-locking nut 3, when the self-locking nut 3 is disposed on the driving shaft 1, the self-locking gasket 4 is interposed between the self-locking gasket 4 and the hub 2, the self-locking gasket 4 includes a first surface 41 and a second surface 42 opposite to each other, the self-locking nut 3 includes a third surface 33, the first surface 41 abuts against a side surface of the hub 2, and the second surface 42 abuts against the third surface 33.
Specifically, the design method of the self-locking nut comprises the following steps: calculating a first maximum static friction moment of a thread pair formed by the self-locking nut 3 and the driving shaft 1, a second maximum static friction moment between the first surface 41 and the side surface of the hub 2 and a third maximum static friction moment between the second surface 42 and the third surface 33, and adjusting the structure and/or size of the self-locking nut 3 to ensure that the first maximum static friction moment is smaller than the second maximum static friction moment, thereby effectively preventing the hub 2 and the self-locking gasket 4 from loosening (namely realizing one-time anti-loosening matching); the first maximum static friction moment is larger than the third maximum static friction moment, so that the self-locking nut 3 and the self-locking gasket 4 are effectively prevented from loosening (namely, the self-locking nut is prevented from loosening again), and the hub 2 and the driving shaft 1 are limited from moving relatively along the axis direction of the driving shaft 1. On one hand, the self-locking nut 3 and the self-locking gasket 4 effectively avoid the problem that the riveting limit locking mechanism cannot be reused once being detached, and the reusability of the self-locking nut 3 is improved; on the other hand, the self-locking gasket 4 forms twice anti-loosening matching between the self-locking nut 3 and the hub 2, and the occurrence probability of the phenomenon that the self-locking nut 3 loosens when the automobile is in a running state under complex road conditions (such as bumpy road conditions) is effectively reduced.
Preferably, the design method of the self-locking nut further comprises the following steps: the end part of one end, far away from the third surface 33, of the self-locking nut 3 is provided with a pre-tightening part, the pre-tightening part is set to apply pre-tightening force acting along the radial direction of the driving shaft 1 to the driving shaft 1 in the state that the self-locking nut 3 is sleeved on the driving shaft 1, so that the pre-tightening force which can act on the driving shaft 1 by the self-locking nut 3 is increased, and the anti-loosening capacity of the self-locking nut 3 is further improved.
Correspondingly, a fourth maximum static friction moment of the pre-tightening part acting on the driving shaft 1 is calculated, and the structure and/or the size of the self-locking nut 3 are/is adjusted, so that the sum of the fourth maximum static friction moment and the first maximum static friction moment is smaller than the second maximum static friction moment, and the sum of the fourth maximum static friction moment and the first maximum static friction moment is larger than the third maximum static friction moment.
In other wordsDefinition of M1First maximum static friction moment, M2Second maximum static friction moment, M3Third maximum static moment of friction, M4Fourth maximum static moment of friction. Adjusting the configuration and/or size of the self-locking nut 3 such that M1+M4＜M2And M1+M4＞M3。
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the design method of the self-locking nut may include the following steps:
step S010: the fitting parameters of both the drive shaft 1 and the hub bearing are confirmed. Preferably, the drive shaft 1 is formed with an involute spline, the hub 2 is formed with a gear ring matched with the involute spline, and the involute spline and the gear ring are in interference fit. The interference fit relation between the driving shaft 1 and the hub bearing ensures that the amplitude of relative motion between the driving shaft 1 and the hub 2 is small, and the self-locking purpose of the self-locking nut 3 designed by the application is realized.
Step S020: the torque transmission parameters of the drive shaft 1 and the hub 2 are confirmed, the thread specifications of the external thread of the drive shaft 1 and the internal thread of the self-locking nut 3 are confirmed by a torque intensity technology, and a designer can calculate and obtain the first maximum static friction torque according to the following calculation formula.
Preferably, the hub 2 further comprises a hub bearing.
Step S030: and confirming the play range of the hub bearing, and determining the axial force through the play range, wherein the axial force is the axial acting force acted on the hub 2 by the self-locking nut 3 meeting the play range, and the axial force is the F value in the following formula for calculating the maximum static friction moment.
Step S040: and measuring and calculating the fourth maximum static friction moment. Specifically, the self-locking nut 3 is screwed on the driving shaft 1 separately, the minimum torque for unscrewing the self-locking nut 3 from the driving shaft 1 is measured, and the average value of the minimum torque obtained by measuring for multiple times is the fourth maximum static friction torque.
Step S050: preliminarily calculating the second maximum static friction moment, the third maximum static friction moment and the fourth maximum static friction moment according to the parameters of the standard nut, and judgingWhether or not to satisfy M1+M4＜M2And M1+M4＞M3。
Alternatively, if M is satisfied1+M4＜M2And M1+M4＞M3The design is complete.
Optionally, if not, performing the following steps:
step 060: the contact area between the first face 41 and the side face of the hub 2 is adjusted and/or the contact area between the second face 42 and the third face 33 is adjusted.
Specifically, adjusting the contact area between the first surface 41 and the side surface of the hub 2 can increase the contact area between the self-locking washer 4 and the hub 2 by increasing the size of the self-locking washer 4, so that the second maximum friction torque M2The value of (a) increases.
Further, by adjusting the contact area between the second surface 42 and the third surface 33, the contact area between the second surface 42 and the third surface 33 can be reduced, and the purpose of reducing the third maximum friction torque can be achieved. Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the self-locking nut 3 may be formed with a first chamfer provided at a junction of the third face 33 and a side face of the self-locking nut 3. The self-locking gasket 4 is formed with a second chamfer provided at the junction of the second face 42 and the side face of the self-locking gasket 4. The designer can achieve the purpose of reducing the contact area of the second face 42 and the third face 33 by increasing the first chamfer and/or the second chamfer.
If the structure and/or size of the self-locking nut 3 is adjusted according to the above step S060, M still cannot be satisfied1+M4＜M2And M1+M4＞M3Then the following steps may be performed.
Step 070: an anti-friction coating is provided on the third face 33 of the self-locking nut 3 and/or the third face 33 of the self-locking nut 3 is intended to cooperate with the second face 42 coated with an anti-friction coating.
Preferably, the friction reducing coating may be formed of polytetrafluoroethylene (colloquially known as teflon) by which the second layer is reducedCoefficient of friction of both the two faces 42 and the third face 33 to achieve a reduction of the third maximum static moment of friction M3The purpose is.
According to the QCT 518-1999 tightening torque specification for automotive threaded soft fasteners, when the contact bearing surface is annular, the moment-equivalent diameter of the bearing surface is:
when the contact support surface is a thread, the moment equivalent diameter of the support surface is as follows:
the maximum static friction moment is:
preferably, the first surface 41, the second surface 42, the third surface 33, and the side surface of the hub 2 are each configured to have a friction coefficient μ of 0.1 to 0.16.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a self-locking nut 3, a driving shaft 1 and a hub 2 for a vehicle, the self-locking nut 3 is further used for being matched with a self-locking gasket 4, the driving shaft 1 is formed with an external thread matched with the self-locking nut 3, when the self-locking nut 3 is disposed on the driving shaft 1, the self-locking gasket 4 is interposed between the self-locking gasket 4 and the hub 2, the self-locking gasket 4 includes a first surface 41 and a second surface 42 opposite to each other, the self-locking nut 3 includes a third surface 33, the first surface 41 abuts against a side surface of the hub 2, and the second surface 42 abuts against the third surface 33. The maximum static friction moment of the thread pair formed by the self-locking nut 3 and the driving shaft 1 is defined as a first maximum static friction moment, the maximum static friction moment between the first surface 41 and the side surface of the hub 2 is defined as a second maximum static friction moment, the maximum static friction moment between the second surface 42 and the third surface 33 is defined as a third maximum static friction moment, the first maximum static friction moment is smaller than the second maximum static friction moment, and the first maximum static friction moment is larger than the third maximum static friction moment.
Preferably, the self-locking nut 3 further includes a nut body 31 and a pre-tightening portion connected to each other, the pre-tightening portion is formed at an end portion of one end of the nut body 31, which is far away from the third surface 33, the pre-tightening portion is used for applying a pre-tightening force acting in a radial direction of the driving shaft 1 to the driving shaft 1 in a state where the self-locking nut 3 is sleeved on the driving shaft 1, a maximum static friction moment acting on the driving shaft 1 by the pre-tightening portion is defined as a fourth maximum static friction moment, a sum of the fourth maximum static friction moment and the first maximum static friction moment is smaller than the second maximum static friction moment, and a sum of the fourth maximum static friction moment and the first maximum static friction moment is larger than the third maximum static friction moment.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the pretensioning portion is formed as a plurality of pretensioning pieces 32 distributed along the circumferential direction of the drive shaft 1, and in a state where the pretensioning portion does not apply a force to the drive shaft 1, the pretensioning pieces 32 gradually approach the axis of the drive shaft 1 from one end of the pretensioning pieces 32 close to the nut body 31 to one end of the pretensioning pieces 32 away from the nut body 31, so that the pretensioning portion applies a pretensioning force acting in the radial direction of the drive shaft 1 to the drive shaft 1.
Preferably, in a state where the pretensioner section does not apply a force to the drive shaft 1, the pretensioner 32 is provided as a portion of the first taper, the half of the apex angle of the first taper is 5 ° to 10 °, and the axis of the first taper is parallel to or coincides with the axis of the drive shaft 1.
In addition, as shown in fig. 4, the self-locking nut 3 further includes a first edge 34a, the first edge 34a is connected to the third surface 33, when the self-locking nut 3 is sleeved on the driving shaft 1, the first edge 34a extends from the inside of the self-locking washer 4 to the hub 2, and from one end of the first edge 34a close to the nut body 31 to one end of the first edge 34a away from the nut body 31, the first edge 34a gradually moves away from the axis, so that when the self-locking nut 3 is screwed on the driving shaft 1, the first edge 34a can be slightly deformed under the action of an axial pretension force of the self-locking nut 3 on the driving shaft 1, a portion of the first edge 34a can be attached to the surface of the hub 2, thereby further increasing the connection stability between the self-locking nut 3 and the hub 2, and making the connection between the self-locking nut 3 and the self-locking washer 4 more stable.
Preferably, the first edge 34a is a portion of a second taper, the half of the apex angle of the second taper being between 1 ° and 3 °, the axis of the second taper being parallel to or coincident with the axis of the drive shaft 1.
Optionally, the self-locking nut 3 further includes a second edge 34b, the second edge 34b extends along the axial direction, and the second edge 34b is disposed between the third surface 33 and the first edge 34a to accommodate the self-locking washer 4 with a certain thickness.
Furthermore, the self-locking nut 3 also comprises an antifriction coating provided on the third face 33 of said self-locking nut 3 to reduce the friction coefficient (i.e. the μ value in the above formula) of both the second face 42 and the third face 33.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a self-locking assembly for a driving shaft 1 and a hub 2 of a vehicle, including a self-locking nut 3 designed by using the above design method of the self-locking nut or including the above self-locking nut 3, so that the self-locking assembly has all the advantages of the self-locking nut 3 and the self-locking nut 3 designed by using the above design method of the self-locking nut, and will not be described again.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, said self-locking washer 4 is formed as an annular washer.
Optionally, the self-locking assembly further comprises an anti-friction coating, which is provided on the second face 42 of the self-locking shim 4 to further reduce the friction coefficient (i.e. the μ value in the above formula) of both the second face 42 and the third face 33.
In addition, the drive shaft 1 is formed with the involute spline, wheel hub 2 be formed with involute spline matched with ring gear, involute spline with both interference fit of ring gear.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (14)
1. A design method of a self-locking nut, which is used for a driving shaft and a hub of a vehicle, is characterized in that,
the self-locking nut is also used for being matched with a self-locking gasket, an external thread matched with the self-locking nut is formed on the driving shaft, when the self-locking nut is arranged on the driving shaft, the self-locking gasket is arranged between the self-locking gasket and the hub, the self-locking gasket comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other, the self-locking nut comprises a third surface, the first surface is abutted against the side surface of the hub, and the second surface is abutted against the third surface;
the design method of the self-locking nut comprises the following steps:
calculating a first maximum static friction moment of a thread pair formed by the self-locking nut and the driving shaft, a second maximum static friction moment between the first surface and the side surface of the hub, and a third maximum static friction moment between the second surface and the third surface, and adjusting the structure and/or the size of the self-locking nut to enable the first maximum static friction moment to be smaller than the second maximum static friction moment and the first maximum static friction moment to be larger than the third maximum static friction moment.
2. The method of designing a self-locking nut of claim 1, further comprising,
a pre-tightening part is arranged at the end part of one end of the self-locking nut, which is far away from the third surface, and the pre-tightening part is arranged to apply pre-tightening force acting along the radial direction of the driving shaft to the driving shaft under the state that the self-locking nut is sleeved on the driving shaft;
and calculating a fourth maximum static friction moment acted on the driving shaft by the pre-tightening part, and adjusting the structure and/or the size of the self-locking nut to ensure that the sum of the fourth maximum static friction moment and the first maximum static friction moment is less than the second maximum static friction moment, and the sum of the fourth maximum static friction moment and the first maximum static friction moment is greater than the third maximum static friction moment.
3. Method of designing a self-locking nut according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that adjusting the configuration and/or dimensions of the self-locking nut comprises adjusting the contact area between the first face and the hub side face and/or adjusting the contact area between the second face and the third face.
4. A method of designing a self-locking nut according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that it further comprises providing a friction reducing coating on a third face of the self-locking nut and/or for cooperating with the second face coated with a friction reducing coating.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining torque transmission parameters of both the drive shaft and the hub, and performing a torque intensity technique to determine thread specifications of the external thread of the drive shaft and the internal thread of the self-locking nut to calculate the first maximum static friction torque.
6. The method of designing a self-locking nut of claim 1, wherein the hub further comprises a hub bearing, the method further comprising identifying a play range of the hub bearing, and determining an axial force through the play range, the axial force being an axial force applied to the hub by the self-locking nut that satisfies the play range.
7. The method of claim 2, further comprising measuring the fourth maximum static friction torque, screwing the self-locking nut to the driving shaft individually, measuring a minimum torque for unscrewing the self-locking nut from the driving shaft, and averaging the minimum torque several times.
8. A self-locking nut for a drive shaft and a hub of a vehicle,
the self-locking nut is also used for matching with a self-locking gasket, the driving shaft is provided with an external thread matched with the self-locking nut, when the self-locking nut is arranged on the driving shaft, the self-locking gasket is arranged between the self-locking gasket and the hub, the self-locking gasket comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other, the self-locking nut comprises a third surface, the first surface is abutted against the side surface of the hub, the second surface is abutted against the third surface,
the maximum static friction moment of a thread pair formed by the self-locking nut and the driving shaft is defined as a first maximum static friction moment, the maximum static friction moment between the first surface and the side surface of the hub is defined as a second maximum static friction moment, the maximum static friction moment between the second surface and the third surface is defined as a third maximum static friction moment, the first maximum static friction moment is smaller than the second maximum static friction moment, and the first maximum static friction moment is larger than the third maximum static friction moment.
9. The self-locking nut of claim 8, further comprising a nut body and a pre-tightening portion connected to each other, wherein the pre-tightening portion is formed at an end of the nut body that is away from the third surface, the pre-tightening portion is configured to apply a pre-tightening force to the driving shaft in a radial direction of the driving shaft in a state where the self-locking nut is fitted to the driving shaft, a maximum static friction torque applied to the driving shaft by the pre-tightening portion is defined as a fourth maximum static friction torque, a sum of the fourth maximum static friction torque and the first maximum static friction torque is smaller than the second maximum static friction torque, and a sum of the fourth maximum static friction torque and the first maximum static friction torque is larger than the third maximum static friction torque.
10. The self-locking nut of claim 9,
the pre-tightening part is formed into a plurality of pre-tightening pieces distributed along the circumferential direction of the driving shaft, and the pre-tightening pieces gradually approach to the axis of the driving shaft from one end of each pre-tightening piece close to the nut body to one end of each pre-tightening piece far away from the nut body in a state that the pre-tightening part does not apply force to the driving shaft;
the self-locking nut further comprises a first edge portion, the first edge portion is connected with the third surface, when the self-locking nut is sleeved on the driving shaft, the first edge portion extends from the interior of the self-locking gasket to the hub, and the first edge portion gradually keeps away from the axis from one end, close to the nut body, of the first edge portion to one end, far away from the nut body, of the first edge portion.
11. The self-locking nut of claim 10,
under the state that the pretightening part does not apply force to the driving shaft, the pretightening sheet is arranged to be a first conical part, the half of the vertex angle of the first cone is 5-10 degrees, and the axis of the first cone is parallel to or coincided with the axis of the driving shaft;
the self-locking nut further comprises a second edge part, the second edge part extends along the axis direction, and the second edge part is arranged between the third surface and the first edge part;
the first edge part is a second conical part, the half of the vertex angle of the second cone is 1-3 degrees, and the axis of the second cone is parallel to or coincided with the axis of the driving shaft.
12. The self-locking nut of any one of claims 8 to 11 further comprising an anti-friction coating disposed on a third face of the self-locking nut;
the drive shaft is formed with the involute spline, wheel hub be formed with involute spline matched with ring gear, involute spline with both interference fit of ring gear.
13. A self-locking assembly for a drive shaft and a hub of a vehicle, comprising a self-locking nut designed using the method of designing a self-locking nut of any one of claims 1 to 7 or comprising a self-locking nut of any one of claims 8 to 12.
14. The self-locking assembly of claim 13,
the self-locking gasket is formed into an annular gasket;
the self-locking assembly further comprises an anti-friction coating, and the anti-friction coating is arranged on the second surface of the self-locking gasket.
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| CN202111649162.4A CN114251342B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Self-locking nut design method, self-locking nut and self-locking assembly |
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| CN202111649162.4A CN114251342B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Self-locking nut design method, self-locking nut and self-locking assembly |
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| US20060216130A1 (en) * | 2001-08-20 | 2006-09-28 | Maclean-Fogg Company | Fastener assembly |
| CN202746377U (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2013-02-20 | 宁波中京电气科技有限公司 | High strength bolt for steel structure |
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| CN114251342B (en) | 2024-03-22 |
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Denomination of invention: Design method for self-locking nuts, self-locking nuts, and self-locking components Granted publication date: 20240322 Pledgee: SHANDONG WEIQIAO PIONEERING GROUP Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: Shanghai Luoke Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024980017205 |