CN114250743B - Landslide surge disaster prevention system and arrangement method thereof - Google Patents
Landslide surge disaster prevention system and arrangement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114250743B CN114250743B CN202111254902.4A CN202111254902A CN114250743B CN 114250743 B CN114250743 B CN 114250743B CN 202111254902 A CN202111254902 A CN 202111254902A CN 114250743 B CN114250743 B CN 114250743B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a landslide and surge disaster prevention system, which comprises at least one floating strip group floating on the water surface and a plurality of piles positioned at the water bottom, wherein the floating strip group is provided with a plurality of floating strips; each floating support strip group consists of a plurality of floating supports which are arranged along the edge of the water body of the mountain bank slope in a chain shape, the plurality of floating supports in the floating support strip group are connected through a horizontal flexible system fixing structure, and the floating supports at the two ends of the floating support strip group are fixed on the bank slope through flexible system fixing structures; the underwater block pile is used for preventing the sliding of the sliding mass to the center of the reservoir area and playing a role in braking the underwater movement of the sliding mass; the floating support is connected with the underwater block pile through a multi-section vertical flexible fastening and fixing structure; corresponding arrangement methods are also disclosed; the underwater block pile chain structure can effectively control the underwater sliding distance of the landslide body, plays a role in absorbing the kinetic energy of the landslide body, is economical in cost and has wide popularization and application prospects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geological disaster defense, in particular to a landslide and surge disaster defense system and an arrangement method thereof.
Background
The deep canyons in the southwest area of China are widely distributed, the height difference of the terrain is large, the hydropower resources are rich, the mountains in the reservoir area are inevitably disturbed along with the construction of a series of hydraulic engineering, and once the mountains are unstable, the surge disaster in the reservoir area is induced, so that the safety of upstream and downstream basic facilities and lives and properties is seriously threatened. The harm of bank landslide mainly includes two aspects: firstly, a large amount of rock-soil bodies slide into the reservoir, so that the effective storage capacity is reduced, and even a dam front dam is formed, so that the reservoir cannot be used continuously; secondly, if the landslide mass slides into the reservoir at a high speed, huge surge can be caused, the safety of the dam and the operation of a power station are directly endangered, and great threat is caused to the life and property safety of people in the reservoir area. The storage of the reservoir can have adverse effects on a large number of landslides in the reservoir area.
Currently, the key point of governing a landslide and surge disaster chain in a reservoir area is to strengthen the support of the landslide. However, the inducing factors of collapse and landslide are numerous, once the landslide support measures are invalid, the landslide body is unstable and rushes into a reservoir area, and the influence range of the caused surge disaster is far larger than that of the landslide disaster.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a landslide surge disaster prevention system and an arrangement method thereof, which can effectively reward the influence of surge disasters.
The present invention provides: a landslide and surge disaster defense system comprises at least one floating support strip group floating on the water surface and a plurality of block piles positioned at the water bottom; each floating support strip group consists of a plurality of floating supports which are arranged along the edge of the water body of the mountain bank slope in a chain shape, the plurality of floating supports in the floating support strip group are connected through a horizontal flexible system fixing structure, and the floating supports at the two ends of the floating support strip group are fixed on the bank slope through flexible system fixing structures; the underwater block pile is used for preventing the sliding of the sliding mass to the center of the reservoir area and playing a role in braking the underwater movement of the sliding mass; the floating support is connected with the underwater pile through a multi-section vertical flexible fastening fixing structure.
Furthermore, the floating support is designed to be flat and hollow, the floating performance of the floating support can be guaranteed, two multi-section flexible system fixing structure connecting channels are reserved in the long axis direction, and the flexible system fixing structures can penetrate through the floating support to be connected.
Furthermore, the multi-section vertical flexible fastening fixing structure is an anchor chain.
Furthermore, multisection vertical flexible is fixed knot constructs through universal lifting hook tie in floating the support bottom, through chain link and the cooperation of universal lifting hook with not co-altitude position department, the adjustable distance of floating between support and the piece stake to the reply water level goes up and down to adjust.
Furthermore, the water surface floating support is reinforced at the joint of the multi-section flexible system fixing structure and the bank slope mountain through a long anchor rod embedded mode, and the multi-section flexible system fixing structure is connected with the anchor head.
Furthermore, the block piles are formed by pouring concrete.
Furthermore, a connecting piece for connecting the flexible fastening and fixing structures is embedded on the upper side face of the block pile.
Further, the volume of the block pile is determined by the following method:
the volume of the block pile is defined as V, the pulling force of the block pile by the multi-section flexible system fixing structure is T, and the volume of the landslide mass is V Sliding device Underwater impact velocity s of landslide Sliding device The density of the landslide mass is rho Sliding block Density of water is rho Water (I) G is gravity acceleration, and rho is density of block pile Pile and its making method The contact area of the block pile and the bottom of the reservoir is A, the friction coefficient is f, and the acting time is t;
underwater impact force F of landslide body Sliding device Comprises the following steps:
F sliding device ＝V Sliding device (ρ Sliding device -ρ Water (I) )gs Sliding device /t
Static friction force F of block pile Pile and its making method Comprises the following steps:
F pile and its making method ＝V(ρ Pile and its making method -ρ Water (I) )gf+T
Ensuring that the landslide impact force is not enough to the static friction force of the soil block pile, i.e. inequality F Pile and its making method >F Sliding device The volume V of the block pile is as follows:
V>V sliding block (ρ Sliding device -ρ Water (I) )gs Sliding device /(t(V(ρ Pile and its making method -ρ Water (W) )gf+T))。
In general, by the above technical solution of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
(1) According to the landslide surge disaster defense system, the block piles and the floating supports are organically combined, so that on one hand, the underwater sliding distance of a landslide body can be effectively controlled through the underwater block pile chain structure, and the landslide body dynamic energy absorption function is achieved.
(2) The landslide and surge disaster prevention system has the advantages that the arrangement method is not in conflict with the requirement of reservoir area water level lifting, and the requirement of reservoir area water level lifting can be met by adjusting the multi-section flexible system fixing structure for connecting the water surface floating support and the underwater block pile.
(3) The landslide and surge disaster defense system has the advantages of reasonable structural type technology, economic cost and wide popularization and application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic side sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a float according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The numbers in the attached figures respectively represent 1-floating strip group, 11-floating, 111-flexible system fixing structure connecting channel, 2-pile, 3-landslide body, 4-vertical flexible system fixing structure, 5-universal lifting hook and 6-horizontal flexible system fixing structure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the respective embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Referring to fig. 1, a landslide and surge disaster defense system is characterized by comprising a plurality of floating strip groups 1 floating on the water surface and having a number of not less than 1, and a plurality of block piles 2 positioned at the water bottom and formed by pouring concrete; each floating support strip group 1 consists of a plurality of floating supports 11 which are arranged along the edge of the water body of the mountain bank slope in a chain shape, the plurality of floating supports 11 in the floating support strip group 1 are connected through a horizontal flexible system fixing structure, and the floating supports at two ends of the floating support strip group 1 are fixed on the bank slope through flexible system fixing structures; the underwater block pile 2 is used for preventing the sliding of the sliding mass to the center of the reservoir area and playing a role in braking the underwater movement of the sliding mass; the floating support 11 is connected with the underwater block pile through a multi-section vertical flexible system fixing structure 4 (such as an anchor chain); and the propagation of the first wave of the swell is restrained.
The design of floating the support is flat cavity form, can guarantee to float the floating performance of support, reserves two multisection flexible system fixed knot along major axis direction and constructs the connecting channel, ensures that flexible system fixed knot constructs and can pass and float the support and connect, and flexible system fixed knot constructs the passageway of reserving in passing the support of floating, will float all to hold in the palm and connect on two multisection flexible system fixed knot constructs to guarantee to float the support and not take place the upset, two multisection flexible system fixed knot constructs and the pre-buried anchor head of massif and be connected.
The multi-section vertical flexible system fixing structure 4 is fastened at the bottom of the floating support 11 through the universal lifting hook 5, and the distance between the floating support 11 and the block pile 2 can be adjusted by matching chain links at different height positions with the universal lifting hook 5 so as to adjust the water level.
The water surface floating support is reinforced at the joint of the multi-section flexible fixing structure and the bank slope mountain through embedding a long anchor rod, and the multi-section flexible fixing structure is connected with the anchor head.
And a connecting piece for connecting the flexible fastening structure is embedded on the upper side surface of the block pile.
The volume of the block pile 2 is determined by the following method:
the volume of the block pile is defined as V, the pulling force of the block pile by the multi-section flexible system fixing structure is T, and the volume of the landslide mass is V Sliding block Underwater impact velocity s of landslide Sliding block The density of the landslide mass is rho Sliding device Density of water is rho Water (W) G is gravity acceleration, and rho is density of block pile Pile and its making method The contact area of the block pile and the bottom of the reservoir is A, the friction coefficient is f, and the acting time is t;
underwater impact force F of landslide body Sliding block Comprises the following steps:
F sliding block ＝V Sliding block (ρ Sliding device -ρ Water (I) )gs Sliding block /t
Static friction force F of block pile Pile and its making method Comprises the following steps:
F pile and its making method ＝V(ρ Pile and its making method -ρ Water (I) )gf+T
Ensuring that the landslide impact force is not enough to the static friction force of the soil block pile, i.e. inequality F Pile and its making method >F Sliding block And the volume V of the block pile is as follows:
V>V sliding block (ρ Sliding block -ρ Water (I) )gs Sliding block /(t(V(ρ Pile and its making method -ρ Water (W) )gf+T))。
The arrangement method of the landslide surge disaster prevention system comprises the following steps:
step 1: according to the water area wave condition, the area and the size of the landslide body to be defended, the main direction of surge is pre-judged, and the length of the floating bar group 1 and the volume of the block pile are determined;
and 2, step: under the condition of low water level, firstly laying two multi-section horizontal flexible fastening and fixing structures connected with the floating support, wherein one end of each horizontal flexible fastening and fixing structure is connected with the mountain body, and after the floating support is connected in series, the other end of each horizontal flexible fastening and fixing structure is also connected with the mountain body; dragging the matched block pile with the length determined in the step S1 to each floating support position by adopting an overwater floating platform, arranging an opening in the center of the platform for throwing the block pile, wherein the size of the opening is not smaller than the section area of the maximum designed block pile, and the maximum bearing capacity of the floating platform is not smaller than 3.0-3.5 times of the maximum stacking total amount (the block pile, a multi-section flexible system fixed structure and the total weight of the floating support) during construction operation, so that the platform has enough stability during hoisting operation;
and step 3: sinking the block pile into the water bottom, connecting the floating support with the underwater block pile by using a multi-section vertical flexible fastening fixing structure, and adjusting the length of the multi-section vertical flexible fastening fixing structure according to the water level;
and 4, step 4: aiming at landslides with large square quantity, part of defense units in the center of the defense system can be reinforced, and the defense system is connected with a bank slope through a multi-section horizontal flexible system fixing structure, so that the overall stability of the defense system in response to impact is enhanced.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A landslide and surge disaster defense system is characterized by comprising not less than 1 floating strip group (1) floating on the water surface and a plurality of block piles (2) positioned at the water bottom; each floating support strip group (1) consists of a plurality of floating supports (11) which are arranged along the edge of the water body of the mountain bank slope in a chain shape, the plurality of floating supports (11) in the floating support strip group (1) are connected through a horizontal flexible system fixing structure (6), and the floating supports at the two ends of the floating support strip group (1) are fixed on the bank slope through flexible system fixing structures; the underwater block pile (2) is used for preventing the sliding of the sliding mass to the center of the reservoir area and playing a role in braking the underwater movement of the sliding mass (3); the floating support (11) is connected with the underwater block pile through a multi-section vertical flexible system fixing structure (4); the floating support is designed to be flat and hollow, the floating performance of the floating support can be guaranteed, two multi-section flexible system fixing structure connecting channels (111) are reserved in the long axis direction, and the flexible system fixing structures can penetrate through the floating support to be connected.
2. The landslide surge disaster defense system according to claim 1, wherein the multi-section vertically flexible fastening fixing structure (4) is an anchor chain.
3. The landslide and surge disaster prevention system according to claim 2 wherein the multi-section vertical flexible fastening structure (4) is fastened to the bottom of the floating platform (11) by a universal hook (5).
4. The landslide surge disaster defense system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surface floatover is reinforced by embedding long anchor rods at the joint of the multi-section flexible system fixing structure and the bank slope, and the multi-section flexible system fixing structure is connected with the anchor head.
5. Landslide surge disaster prevention system according to any one of claims 1-3 wherein the block piles (2) are cast of concrete.
6. The landslide and surge disaster prevention system of any one of claims 1-3 wherein the block pile has embedded on its upper side a connector for flexible tie-fixing structure connection.
7. A landslide and surge disaster prevention system according to any one of claims 1-3 wherein the volume of the block pile (2) is determined by the following method:
the volume of each block pile is defined as V, the tensile force of the block pile subjected to the multi-section flexible system fixing structure is T, and the volume of the sliding mass is V Sliding device Underwater impact velocity s of landslide Sliding device The density of the landslide mass is rho Sliding device Density of water is ρ Water (W) G is the gravitational acceleration and rho is the density of the block pile Pile and its making method The contact area of the block pile and the bottom of the reservoir is A, the friction coefficient is f, and the acting time is t;
underwater impact force F of landslide body Sliding device Comprises the following steps:
F sliding device ＝V Sliding device (ρ Sliding device -ρ Water (W) )gs Sliding device /t
Static friction force F of block pile Pile and its making method Comprises the following steps:
F pile and its making method ＝V(ρ Pile and its making method -ρ Water (W) )gf+T
Ensuring that the landslide impact force is not enough to the static friction force of the soil block pile, i.e. inequality F Pile and its making method >F Sliding device The volume V of the block pile is as follows:
V>V sliding block (ρ Sliding device -ρ Water (I) )gs Sliding block /(t(V(ρ Pile and its making method -ρ Water (I) )gf+T))。
8. The method for arranging a landslide and surge disaster prevention system according to any one of claims 1-3, comprising the steps of:
step 1: according to the water area wave condition, the area and the size of the landslide body to be defended, the main direction of surge is pre-judged, and the length of the floating bar group (1) and the volume of the block pile are determined;
and 2, step: under the condition of low water level, firstly laying two horizontal flexible fastening and fixing structures connected with the floating support, wherein one end of each horizontal flexible fastening and fixing structure is connected with the mountain body, and after the floating support is connected in series, the other end of each horizontal flexible fastening and fixing structure is also connected with the mountain body; dragging the matched block pile (2) with the length determined in the step (1) to each floating support position by adopting a water floating platform, arranging an opening in the center of the platform for throwing the block pile, wherein the size of the opening is not smaller than the section area of the maximum designed block pile, and the maximum bearing capacity of the floating platform is not smaller than 3.0-3.5 times of the maximum stacking total amount during construction operation, so that the platform has enough stability during hoisting operation;
and step 3: sinking the block pile (2) to the water bottom, connecting the floating support with the underwater block pile by using a multi-section vertical flexible fastening fixing structure (4), and adjusting the length of the multi-section vertical flexible fastening fixing structure according to the water level;
and 4, step 4: aiming at landslide bodies with large square quantity, part of defense units in the center of the defense system can be reinforced, and the defense system is connected with a bank slope through a horizontal flexible system fixing structure, so that the overall stability of the defense system in response to impact is enhanced.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102561259A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-07-11 | 郑钢钢 | Anti-pitching floating breakwater |
| CN103276692A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-09-04 | 三峡大学 | Movable type water-level-fluctuating zone water and soil conservation wave partitioning device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100178109A1 (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2010-07-15 | Dave David Matthew Wilson | Self-adjusting wave break |
| CN102383400B (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2014-11-26 | 单发成 | Debris flow resisting wall |
| CN211898149U (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-11-10 | 贵州省水利水电勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Energy dissipation device for landslide and surge in reservoir area |
| CN111809537B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-12-07 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Design method of collapse landslide blocking energy dissipation pile array |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102561259A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-07-11 | 郑钢钢 | Anti-pitching floating breakwater |
| CN103276692A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-09-04 | 三峡大学 | Movable type water-level-fluctuating zone water and soil conservation wave partitioning device |
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