CN114249776B - Coumarin derivative compound II, extraction method and application thereof - Google Patents
Coumarin derivative compound II, extraction method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114249776B CN114249776B CN202111341452.2A CN202111341452A CN114249776B CN 114249776 B CN114249776 B CN 114249776B CN 202111341452 A CN202111341452 A CN 202111341452A CN 114249776 B CN114249776 B CN 114249776B
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- lycium ruthenicum
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H1/00—Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
- C07H1/06—Separation; Purification
- C07H1/08—Separation; Purification from natural products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P39/00—General protective or antinoxious agents
- A61P39/06—Free radical scavengers or antioxidants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H17/00—Compounds containing heterocyclic radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
- C07H17/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only oxygen as ring hetero atoms
- C07H17/06—Benzopyran radicals
- C07H17/065—Benzo[b]pyrans
- C07H17/075—Benzo[b]pyran-2-ones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a coumarin derivative compound II, an extraction method and application thereof, wherein the extraction method of the coumarin derivative compound II comprises the following steps: (1) Soaking lycium ruthenicum in an organic solvent overnight, then carrying out ultrasonic extraction, removing impurities and alcohol, enriching and purifying, and eluting with eluent with the volume of 2-6 times of that of the column; (2) Semi-preparing and separating the substance eluted in the step (1) to obtain a component F-1; (3) subjecting component F-1 to preparative separation; (4) Collecting the components with the retention time of 0-5min, purifying again by using a sephadex column, and collecting by using a fraction collector to obtain the derivative compound II. The invention researches the extraction method of the lycium ruthenicum coumarin derivative compound so as to provide reference for further researching the drug action of the lycium ruthenicum coumarin derivative compound, and enlarge the utilization and research range of the lycium ruthenicum. The process is simple and feasible, and has good reference value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of extraction methods of compounds, in particular to a coumarin derivative compound II, an extraction method and application thereof.
Background
Lycium ruthenicum (Lycium ruthenicum Murr.) plants of the genus Lycium (Lycium of Solanaceae) are a unique perennial shrub wild plant in northwest arid regions, and are most widely distributed particularly in the fields of Qidamu and Tarim. Lycium ruthenicum is drought-resistant, grows on saline-alkali soil barren lands or sandy lands, and can be used as shrubs for water and soil conservation. Its fruit is sweet and neutral in nature and clear heart heat. According to the records of four medical classics, tibetan medicine is used for treating heart heat disease, heart disease, irregular menstruation, menstruation stopping and other diseases; the folk medicine is used as a tonic, eyesight improving and blood pressure reducing medicine. Modern pharmacological researches have proved that lycium ruthenicum has the effects of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic and neuroprotection. Plant component researches show that lycium ruthenicum is rich in phenols, anthocyanin, polysaccharide, phenolic acid, carotene, alkaloids, fatty acid, volatile oil and the like.
In addition, the abundant active substances contained in the lycium ruthenicum have not been separated and identified, and if the novel chemical components and the pharmacological actions thereof in the lycium ruthenicum can be subjected to deep and fine research and activity mechanism discussion, more natural plant-derived medicaments which can treat diseases and are safe and effective are expected to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a coumarin derivative compound II extracted from lycium ruthenicum, an extraction method and application thereof.
Coumarin is a derivative containing benzopyrene structure and plays an important role in synthetic chemistry. Coumarin has excellent oxidation resistance, and is widely used in the fields of foods, cosmetics and the like.
The invention provides a coumarin derivative compound II, which has the chemical structural formula shown as follows:
the invention provides an extraction method of coumarin derivative compound II, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Soaking lycium ruthenicum in an organic solvent overnight, then carrying out ultrasonic extraction, removing impurities and alcohol, enriching and purifying by using macroporous resin, and eluting by using an eluent with the volume of 2-6 times of that of the column;
(2) Semi-preparing and separating the substance eluted in the step (1) to obtain a component F-1; the conditions for the semi-preparative separation include:
chromatographic column: c18; the preferred specification is 10 μm, 250X 20mm;
mobile phase: the acid aqueous solution is a mobile phase A, and the acetonitrile is a mobile phase B; gradient elution was performed using the following procedure: 0-60min,10-25% mobile phase B; the component with the retention time of 5-15 min is component F-1;
(3) Subjecting component F-1 to preparative separation under conditions comprising:
mobile phase: the acid aqueous solution is a mobile phase A, and the acetonitrile is a mobile phase B; the following procedure was used for isocratic elution: the elution time is 0-20 min, and the mobile phase B is 12%; the retention time is 0-5 min;
(4) Collecting the components with the retention time of 0-5min, and purifying again by utilizing a sephadex column, and collecting by a fraction collector to obtain the derivative compound II, wherein the condition of the purifying again is as follows:
0.3-1% acid aqueous solution of 20% methanol is adopted as mobile phase for isocratic elution; flow rate: 2mL/min; and switching collecting pipes for collecting 27-35 mL fractions each time, wherein 45-48 pipes are used as the compound II.
Further, the lycium ruthenicum is a dried fruit and/or a fresh fruit.
Further, the lycium ruthenicum in step (1): the feed liquid ratio of the organic solvent is 1: 15-30 g/ml, preferably 1:20g/ml;
the solvent is 60-80% ethanol water solution, preferably 70% ethanol water solution.
Further, the eluent in the step (1) is pure water and an organic solvent; the elution method comprises the following steps: after washing with 4-6 times of pure water, eluting with 2-4 times of organic solvent.
Further, the organic solvent is an aqueous 80-99% ethanol solution, preferably an aqueous 95% ethanol solution.
Further, the temperature of ultrasonic extraction in the step (1) is 45-60 ℃ and the time is 55-65 min.
Further, the acidic aqueous solution in the steps (2) and (3) is selected from one of trifluoroacetic acid aqueous solution, formic acid aqueous solution, acetic acid aqueous solution and phosphoric acid aqueous solution.
Further, the separation in steps (2), (3) further comprises at least one of the following conditions:
flow rate: 19-21 mL/min; detection wavelength: 275-285 nm, and 3-6 mL of sample injection amount.
The invention also provides application of the compound II in preparing neuroprotective products;
further, the use of the compound II in the preparation of neuroprotective products for the prevention and/or treatment of oxidative damage and apoptosis.
Further, the use of the compound II in the preparation of a neuroprotective product for the prevention and/or treatment of oxidative damage and apoptosis in the human or animal body.
Further, the oxidative damage is nerve cell damage caused by lactate dehydrogenase.
The product of the invention is a medicine; further, the product also includes a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, or solvate.
The products prepared using the compounds II according to the invention can be carried out in vivo and/or in vitro.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The method adopts semi-preparative and preparative high performance liquid chromatography to separate and prepare a brand new coumarin derivative compound II from the lycium ruthenicum, more comprehensively develops active substances of the lycium ruthenicum, provides more reference basis for further researching the pharmaceutical effect of the lycium ruthenicum coumarin derivative compound, and enlarges the utilization and research range of the lycium ruthenicum.
(2) The compound II can obviously reduce the content of lactate dehydrogenase in oxidative damage model cells, has a better protection effect on damaged cells, has the effect of resisting oxidative stress damage of nerve cells, and can be used for preparing neuroprotection products.
(3) The process is simple and feasible, and has good reference value.
Drawings
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a 1H NMR spectrum of a compound II of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a 13C NMR spectrum of compound II of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a HMBC pattern of compound II of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a HSQC pattern of Compound II of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a HRESIMS data plot of compound II of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a UV spectrum of compound II of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an IR spectrum of the compound II of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of CD data for Compound II of the present invention;
FIG. 9 shows the cell viability assay of Compound II of the present invention;
FIG. 10 shows the effect of compound II of the invention on LDH in cells of oxidative damage model.
Wherein in fig. 9, 10, p < 0.05 is significant compared to the model group or DMSO group, p is represented
< 0.01 is very significant, # represents and blank ratio, # < 0.05 is significant.
Detailed Description
The following description of the present invention will be made clearly and fully, and it is apparent that the embodiments described are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
1. Materials and reagents
Fresh fruits of Lycium ruthenicum were picked from Dulan county (96.43 degrees east longitude, 36.44 degrees North latitude, 3000 m altitude) in 2019, and identified as Lycium Ruthenicum (LR) by Gao Qingbo researchers at North China academy of sciences, and the specimens were stored in Tibetan medicine research emphasis laboratory at North China academy of sciences. The fresh fruits are placed in a baking oven at 40 ℃ for low temperature drying for 4 days to obtain dried lycium ruthenicum fruits, and the dried lycium ruthenicum fruits are stored at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ for standby.
Acetonitrile: chromatographic purity, shanghai Seiyun chemical Co., ltd; AB-8 macroporous resin, hebei Baohe Biotechnology Co., ltd; trifluoroacetic acid: analytically pure, tianjin metallocene chemical reagent plant; absolute ethanol, zhejiang star chemical agents limited; deuterated methanol, deuterated trifluoroacetic acid, chromatographically pure, ala Ding Shiji (Shanghai) limited. High sugar medium, fetal bovine serum, penicillin-streptomycin, corning company, usa; CCK-8 kit, boschia martensii bioengineering Co., ltd.
2. Apparatus and device
Semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatograph: NP7000, jiangsu Hanbang technology Co., ltd; high performance liquid chromatography system: agilent 1100, hewlett-packard company in the united states; nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus: DRX-400, bruce technologies, inc., germany; enzyme-labeled instrument: varioskan Flash, siemens technologies; rotary evaporator: n-1300, tokyo physical and chemical instruments Co., ltd; tubular centrifuge: GF105, san jose da pharmaceutical machinery inc; constant temperature carbon dioxide incubator: ICP500, membert, germany; double single face purification workstation: SW-CJ-1C, shanghai Jijing medical instruments Co., ltd; ultralow temperature refrigerator: DW-86L578J, qingdao sea Co., ltd; electronic analytical balance: AB104-N, METTER TOLEDO, switzerland; constant temperature shaking table: THZ-100, shanghai-a constant scientific instruments Co., ltd; sephadex LH-20, general Co., USA.
3. Method of
3.1 extraction and purification of Lycium ruthenicum Murr
8.0kg of dried lycium ruthenicum murr is soaked in 70% ethanol with the feed liquid ratio (1:20 g/ml) for overnight, ultrasonic assisted extraction is carried out at 50 ℃ for 60min, after centrifugation by a tube type centrifuge to remove impurities, a rotary evaporator removes alcohol in the extract at 50 ℃, then the extract is enriched and purified by using AB-8 macroporous resin, the extract is washed by pure water with the volume of 5 times of column so as to elute protein and sugar adsorbed on the resin, then the extract is eluted by using 95% ethanol solution with the volume of 3 times of column, and the rotary evaporator is concentrated at 50 ℃. 403.7g of the obtained lycium ruthenicum flower extract powder is calculated by a pH differential method, and the anthocyanin content is 363.19 +/-3.06 mg/g (calculated by malvidin).
3.2 purification and isolation of Compound II
20.7g of the extract powder was dissolved in 0.1% hydrochloric acid methanol solution to give a final concentration of 5.0mg/mL. Separation using semi-preparative HPLC was performed under the following conditions: chromatographic column: xaqua C18, 10 μm, 250X 20mm; mobile phase: a:0.6% aqueous trifluoroacetic acid, B: acetonitrile, 0-60min,10-25% B; flow rate: 20mL/min; and (3) detection: 280nm, and the sample injection amount is 5.0mL. The eluent was collected for 5-15 min as F-1, and F-1 was removed of the solvent by a rotary evaporator to give a powder (92.2 mg).
F-1 was redissolved in 0.1% methanol hydrochloride to a final concentration of 10mg/mL and the mobile phase was separated again by preparative high performance liquid chromatography isocratic elution: a:0.6% aqueous trifluoroacetic acid, B: acetonitrile, 0-20 min,12% b; flow rate: 20mL/min, the lifting amount was 5mL. Peaks were collected for 0-5min and the solvent was evaporated to give a powder (43.5 mg).
The powder collected for 0-5min was redissolved in 0.1% methanol hydrochloride to a final concentration of 5mg/mL and re-purified using Sephadex LH-20 (1000X 30 mm). First an aqueous 20% methanol/0.6% trifluoroacetic acid solution was used for equilibration. The loading was 8mL, isocratic elution with the same mobile phase as equilibrium, flow rate: 2mL/min, elution time is 1800min; the automatic fraction collector was switched to a new collection tube every 30 mL. The compound II (3.1 mg) was collected by an automatic fraction collector on 45-48 tubes.
3.3 structural identification of Compound II
Nuclear magnetic resonance (1 h NMR at 600 mhz), (13C NMR at 151MHz), HMBC, HSQC using deuterated methanol as the sample solvent. High resolution ESI mass spectrometry conditions: the mass spectrum adopts a positive ion scanning mode, the scanning range is m/z 100-1700, and the nitrogen flow rate is 8L/min; the nitrogen temperature is 350 ℃; the atomization gas pressure was 34psi; the capillary voltage is 3500V; the collision voltage was 175V. The collision energy is 10eV-50eV. The solvent used for ultraviolet spectrum scanning is methanol. Infrared spectrum scan was KBr pellet. The solvent used for optical rotation detection was methanol.
The compound II obtained by separation of the invention is subjected to structural analysis by using organic spectrum analysis methods such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HMBC, HSQC, HRESIMS, UV, IR, CD and the like, and the result is as follows:
compound ii takes the form of a yellow powder, which has the following structural resolution: HRESIMS m/z:379.0633[ M ]
+Na]+(calcd for C15H16O10，356.0743)；1H NMR(600MHz，Methanol-d4)δH：
7.40 (1 h, s, h-4), 6.63 (1 h, d, j=2.0 hz, h-8), 6.41 (1 h, d, j=2.0 hz, h-6), 4.94 (1 h, d, j=7.5 hz, glu-1'), 13C NMR (151 mhz, methanol-d 4) δc:161.5 (C-7), 159.9 (C-2), 155.0 (C-10), 152.8 (C-5), 139.2 (C-3), 113.2 (C-4), 105.7 (C-9), 102.7 (Glu-1 '), 101.1 (C-8), 97.6 (C-6), 78.3 (Glu-3'), 78.0 (Glu-5 '), 74.8 (Glu-2'), 71.2 (Glu-4 '), 62.4 (Glu-6'). UV (CH 3 OH): λmax204nm, IR (KBr): vmax3445, 2964, 2927, 1669, 1617, 1508, 1475, 1422, 1371, 1339, 1300, 1275, 1194, 1176, 1097, 903, 767.Cd: 134.30 deg.. The relevant maps are shown in figures 1-8.
Compound ii was named: 3, 5-dihydroxycoumarin-5-O-glucoside has a chemical structural formula shown as follows:
3.4 determination of cell viability of Compound II
SH-SY5Y cells were seeded at a density of 1X 104 cells/well in 96-well plates and after 12h incubation in a cell culture incubator, they were replaced with DMEM medium containing Compound II (containing 2% FBS) for a further 4h. After culturing for a specified period of time, the original culture broth was discarded, and 100. Mu.L of DMEM medium containing 2% FBS was added to each well. Subsequently, 10. Mu.L of CCK solution was added to each well and incubated in a cell incubator for 2h. Finally, incubation was continued on a horizontal shaker at 37℃for 10min, and absorbance at a wavelength of 450nm was measured.
The cell viability calculation formula is as follows:
wherein:
v-cell viability;
a3-wells containing cells, drug and CCK solution;
a4—wells without drug, containing cells and CCK solution;
a0-wells without cells, containing medium and CCK solution.
The results of the cell viability assay are shown in FIG. 9, and compared with the DMSO group, the results indicate that the compound II has no cytotoxicity to SH-SY5Y nerve cells at a concentration of 1-100. Mu.M.
3.5 determination of Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) in SH-SY5Y cell injury model
SH-SY5Y cells in the logarithmic growth phase were plated at a density of 5X 104 cells/mL in 6-well plates and cultured in DMEM medium containing 10% FBS at 3mL per well for 48 hours. 400. Mu.M H2O2 was added and incubated with 40. Mu.M Compound II for 4H. Washing 1 time with 1mLPBS, adding 300. Mu.L trypsin for digestion, blowing the cells with PBS, and centrifuging at 5000rpm and 25℃for 5min. Adding PBS to resuspend the cell sediment, and performing ultrasonic disruption to obtain a cell suspension. The determination of LDH was performed according to the kit instructions.
LDH is a lactate dehydrogenase, and when cell damage occurs, an increase in LDH levels occurs. As shown in FIG. 10, compared with the Control group (blank group) and the model group (0.082+ -0.00U/gprot), the compound administration group (0.075+ -0.00U/gprot) can significantly reduce the lactate dehydrogenase content in the oxidative damage model cells, and has a protective effect on the damaged cells.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (14)
1. Coumarin derivative compound II, characterized in that the chemical structural formula of the derivative compound is shown as follows:
。
2. the method for extracting coumarin derivative compound ii according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following:
(1) Soaking lycium ruthenicum in an organic solvent overnight, then carrying out ultrasonic extraction, removing impurities and alcohol, enriching and purifying by using macroporous resin, eluting by using an eluent with the volume of 2-6 times of column volume, wherein the solvent is 60-80% ethanol water solution;
(2) Semi-preparing and separating the substance eluted in the step (1) to obtain a component F-1; the conditions for the semi-preparative separation include: chromatographic column: c18; mobile phase: the acid aqueous solution is a mobile phase A, and the acetonitrile is a mobile phase B; gradient elution was performed using the following procedure: 0-60min,10-25% mobile phase B; the component with the retention time of 5-15 min is component F-1;
(3) Subjecting component F-1 to preparative separation under conditions comprising: mobile phase: the acid aqueous solution is a mobile phase A, and the acetonitrile is a mobile phase B; isocratic elution was performed using the following procedure: the elution time is 0-20 min, and the mobile phase B is 12%; the retention time is 0-5 min;
(4) Collecting the components with the retention time of 0-5min, and purifying again by utilizing a sephadex column, and collecting by a fraction collector to obtain the derivative compound II, wherein the condition of the purifying again is as follows: 0.3-1% acid aqueous solution of 20% methanol is adopted as mobile phase for isocratic elution; flow rate: 2mL/min; and switching collecting pipes for collecting 27-35 mL fractions each time, wherein 45-48 pipes are used as the compound II.
3. The extraction method according to claim 2, wherein the column size is 10 μm,250 x20 mm.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the lycium ruthenicum in step (1): the feed liquid ratio of the organic solvent is 1: 15-30 g/mL.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the lycium ruthenicum in step (1): the feed liquid ratio of the organic solvent is 1:20g/mL; the solvent is 70% ethanol water solution.
6. The extraction method according to claim 2, wherein the eluent in the step (1) is pure water, an organic solvent; the elution method comprises the following steps: after washing with 4-6 times of pure water, eluting with 2-4 times of organic solvent.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the organic solvent is an aqueous 80-99% ethanol solution.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the organic solvent is a 95% aqueous ethanol solution.
9. The extraction method according to claim 2, wherein the ultrasonic extraction in step (1) is carried out at a temperature of 45 to 60 ℃ for 55 to 65 minutes.
10. The method according to claim 2, wherein the acidic aqueous solution in the steps (2) and (3) is one selected from the group consisting of aqueous trifluoroacetic acid, aqueous formic acid, aqueous acetic acid and aqueous phosphoric acid.
11. The extraction method according to any one of claims 2 to 10, wherein the separation in steps (2), (3) further comprises at least one of the following conditions: flow rate: 19-21 mL/min; detection wavelength: 275-285 nm, and 3-6 mL of sample injection amount.
12. Use of compound ii according to claim 1 for the preparation of neuroprotective medicaments.
13. The use according to claim 12, characterized in that the use of compound ii for the preparation of neuroprotective drugs for the prevention and/or treatment of oxidative damage and apoptosis.
14. The use according to claim 13, wherein the oxidative damage is nerve cell damage caused by lactate dehydrogenase.
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| CN104983915A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-10-21 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | Preparation method of natural lycium ruthenicum composite antioxidant |
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| CN104983915A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-10-21 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | Preparation method of natural lycium ruthenicum composite antioxidant |
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| Effects of compounds found in Nidus Vespae on the growth and cariogenic virulence factors of Streptococcus mutans;X. Guan et al.;《Microbiological Research》;第167卷;第61-68页 * |
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