CN114249596B - Semi-light clay brick for glass melting furnace pool bottom cushion layer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Semi-light clay brick for glass melting furnace pool bottom cushion layer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of refractory bricks, and particularly relates to a semi-light clay brick for a bottom cushion layer of a glass melting furnace pool and a preparation method thereof. The semi-light clay brick is prepared by firing water and the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of light silicon-aluminum clinker, 10-20 parts of matrix material, 5-10 parts of silicon micropowder, 10-15 parts of high-temperature cement and 0.1-0.3 part of water reducer; the base material is selected from one or two of flint clay powder and clay brick powder; the light silicon-aluminum clinker is prepared by firing water and the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of kaolin, 15-25 parts of soft refractory clay, 15-25 parts of clay brick powder and 35-40 parts of rice bran powder; the volume density of the light silicon-aluminum clinker is 1.10-1.30g/cm 3 The apparent porosity is 45-55%. The semi-light clay brick has the characteristics of moderate volume density, high strength, light weight and good heat preservation, and can be used as a cushion layer at the bottom of a glass melting furnace tank.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of refractory bricks, and particularly relates to a semi-light clay brick for a bottom cushion of a glass melting furnace and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The industrial kiln is a main energy consumption device in industrial production, and the energy-saving design of the industrial kiln is one of important measures for energy conservation and consumption reduction of industrial enterprises. The glass melting furnace is a thermal equipment for melting glass batch in glass manufacturing, and the powder material prepared according to the glass components and the added clinker (cullet) are melted at high temperature in the furnace, clarified and formed into glass liquid meeting the forming requirements.
The existing float glass melting furnace bottom cushion layer is generally formed by arranging heavy clay bricks into lattice bodies, and cotton or calcium silicate plates are clamped between the lattice bodies, so that the construction of the structural mode is more troublesome, the efficiency is lower, and the heat conduction is uneven, so that the temperature fluctuation of the melting furnace is large and the melting furnace is difficult to control.
Application publication No. CN109369203A discloses a high-strength medium-density mullite brick and a preparation method thereof, and the high-strength medium-density mullite brick is prepared by mixing and sintering 20-40 parts of light mullite, 10-20 parts of waste light mullite brick, 10-20 parts of kaolin powder, 1-5 parts of alumina powder, 5-15 parts of limestone powder, 1-5 parts of sodium bentonite, 5-10 parts of binding agent clay and 3-5 parts of lignin solution. The refractory brick has a bulk density of 1.6-1.8g/cm 3 And the normal-temperature compressive strength is more than or equal to 30MPa. The mullite brick has good pressure resistance and heat insulation performance, is mainly used as a furnace lining of an industrial kiln, and has poor industrial economy when being used as a bottom cushion brick.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a semi-light clay brick for a cushion layer at the bottom of a glass melting furnace pool, which belongs to clay bricks, and has the advantages of low raw material cost, higher strength and good heat insulation performance.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the semi-light clay brick for the bottom cushion layer of the glass melting furnace.
In order to realize the aim, the technical scheme of the semi-light clay brick for the bottom cushion layer of the glass melting furnace is as follows:
a semi-light clay brick for a cushion layer at the bottom of a glass melting furnace pool is prepared by firing water and the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of light silicon-aluminum clinker, 10-20 parts of matrix material, 5-10 parts of silicon micropowder, 10-15 parts of high-temperature cement and 0.1-0.3 part of water reducer;
the matrix material is selected from one or two of flint clay powder and clay brick powder;
the light silicon-aluminum clinker is prepared by firing water and the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of kaolin, 15-25 parts of soft refractory clay, 15-25 parts of clay brick powder and 35-40 parts of rice bran powder; the volume density of the light silicon-aluminum clinker is 1.10-1.30g/cm 3 The apparent porosity is 45-55%.
The volume density of the semi-light clay brick is 1.4-1.6g/cm 3 The apparent porosity is 38-48%, the compressive strength reaches 20-30MPa, and the thermal conductivity (hot surface at 1000 ℃) is less than or equal to 0.5 w/m.k; has the characteristics of moderate volume density, high strength, light weight and good heat preservation, and can be used as a cushion layer at the bottom of a glass melting furnace.
In the semi-light clay brick, light silicon-aluminum clinker particles are used as aggregate, refractory cement is used as a bonding agent, and silicon micropowder is used as an active agent. The cement can generate hydration reaction with water to generate Al (OH) through Al-OH bond 3 And the crystal is beneficial to the strength of the blank. CaO component in the raw material can be mixed with Al in the matrix material during sintering 2 O 3 High temperature reaction occurs to form strongHigh-grade calcium hexaluminate and active SiO in silicon micropowder 2 Can be mixed with Al in the matrix material 2 O 3 High temperature reaction occurs to form mullite crystals. The raw materials are matched for use, so that more stable and higher-strength use performance can be provided for products.
Preferably, the grain size of the light silicon-aluminum clinker is not more than 8mm, and light silicon-aluminum clinker grades with different grain sizes are adopted. Preferably, the light silicon-aluminum clinker is prepared from a light silicon-aluminum clinker with a fine particle size, a light silicon-aluminum clinker with a small particle size, a light silicon-aluminum clinker with a medium particle size and a light silicon-aluminum clinker with a large particle size in a mass ratio of (10-15) to (15-25) to (8-15), wherein the particle size of the light silicon-aluminum clinker with the fine particle size is not more than 1mm, the particle size of the light silicon-aluminum clinker with the small particle size is more than 1mm and not more than 3mm, the particle size of the light silicon-aluminum clinker with the medium particle size is more than 3mm and not more than 5mm, and the particle size of the light silicon-aluminum clinker with the large particle size is more than 5mm and not more than 8mm. By adopting the aggregate with the grading, the distribution of the aggregate is more reasonable, and the uniformity of the internal structure is higher.
Preferably, the particle size of the matrix material is 220-250 meshes. The grain size of the silicon micro powder is 250-325 meshes. The grain size of the high alumina cement is 300-325 meshes. The grain diameter of the water reducing agent is 20-100 meshes.
Preferably, the high-temperature cement is selected from one or two of high-alumina cement and pure calcium aluminate cement. The cost of the pure calcium aluminate cement is high, and the high-alumina cement is more preferably adopted in consideration of cost factors for convenient popularization and use.
The technical scheme of the preparation method of the semi-light clay brick for the bottom cushion of the glass melting furnace pool is as follows:
a preparation method of a semi-light clay brick for a glass melting furnace pool bottom cushion layer comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing light silicon-aluminum clinker, matrix material, silica micropowder, high-temperature cement, water reducer and water according to the proportion, mixing uniformly, and performing vibration molding to prepare a mold blank;
2) Curing and drying the mold blank, and then sintering at 1300-1400 ℃.
The preparation method of the semi-light clay brick for the glass melting furnace tank bottom cushion layer has the advantages of simple preparation process and good product quality stability, and is favorable for large-scale popularization and application.
Preferably, in step 2), drying is carried out until the water content is not more than 3%. The temperature of the drying process is controlled below 120 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 2), the sintering time is 24-72h. The specific sintering time can be adjusted according to the size of the brick shape, and the sintering can be ensured to achieve the expected effect.
Preferably, in the step 2), the curing is natural curing, and the time is at least 7 days. Natural maintenance refers to a measure under natural atmospheric or climatic conditions. Can be naturally placed indoors. The purpose of placing is that the green brick which is just formed has lower strength, and the green brick can be placed for a period of time to be hardened on the surface and can be moved. Generally, the water can be completely volatilized after natural curing for about 7 days.
Preferably, in step 1), the light silicoaluminophosphate clinker is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: stirring kaolin, soft refractory clay, clay brick powder, rice bran powder and water uniformly, ageing the mixture, extruding the mixture to form mud blank; naturally curing the mud blank, drying, firing at 1300-1400 ℃ and crushing.
Preferably, the particle size of the clay brick powder is not more than 200 meshes; the grain size of the rice bran powder is not more than 120 meshes. The particle size of the kaolin is not more than 250 meshes. The particle size of the soft fire clay is not more than 200 meshes. The mass ratio of the dry powder sum of the kaolin, the soft refractory clay, the clay brick powder and the rice bran powder to the water is 1:0.28-0.3.
Preferably, the ageing time is 8-12h. The natural curing time is 24-72h. The drying is carried out for 48-72h at 100-120 ℃. The sintering time is 8-24h.
In the light silicon-aluminum clinker prepared by the method, al is contained 2 O 3 42-48% of SiO 2 48-55% by mass of (B), fe 2 O 3 The mass fraction is less than or equal to 1.2 percent, and the volume density is 1.10 to 1.30g/cm 3 The apparent porosity is 45-55%. The product with the grain diameter of 0.1-8mm is obtained by crushing.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further illustrate embodiments of the invention.
The light silicon aluminum clinker used in the following examples is self-made, and the self-made light silicon aluminum clinker is used as aggregate to be matched with other raw materials of the semi-light clay brick to prepare the brick for the bottom cushion of the glass melting furnace.
1. Description of light silicoaluminous clinker
The light silicon-aluminum clinker relates to kaolin, soft refractory clay and rice bran powder which are commercially available products, and the clay brick powder is dry powder with the granularity of 180-200 meshes which is prepared by grinding waste clay bricks and sieving. The particle size of the kaolin is 200-250 meshes. The particle size of the soft fire-resistant clay is 180-200 meshes. The grain size of the rice bran powder is 100-120 meshes.
The mass contents of the main components of kaolin, light refractory clay and clay brick powder are shown in the following table 1.
Table 1 percentage of main ingredient of raw material
The typical preparation process of the light-weight silicon-aluminum clinker is as follows:
1) Adding water into 60 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of soft refractory clay, 20 parts of clay brick powder and 40 parts of rice bran powder, stirring uniformly, ageing for 10 hours, and extruding and molding by using a mud extruder to obtain a mud blank; kaolin, soft refractory clay, clay brick powder and rice bran powder are dry materials, and the mass ratio of the dry materials to water is 1.
2) Naturally curing the mud blank for 36h, then drying for 48h at 110 ℃, then firing for 12h at 1350 ℃ in a tunnel kiln, and then crushing into particles with the particle diameter of not more than 5 mm.
Al in the light silicon-aluminum clinker 2 O 3 、SiO 2 、Fe 2 O 3 Respectively account for 46.17%, 50.73% and 0.89%, and the bulk density is 1.16g/cm 3 The apparent porosity was 53%, and the water absorption was 45.7%.
Referring to the above method, the ratio is adjusted as follows: 55 parts of kaolin, 25 parts of soft refractory clay and 20 parts of clay brick powder40 parts of rice bran powder; the mass ratio of the dry materials to the water is 1. The bulk density of 1.20g/cm can be obtained 3 The apparent porosity is 50.8 percent, and the water absorption is 42.3 percent.
The mixture ratio is adjusted as follows: 50 parts of kaolin, 25 parts of soft refractory clay, 25 parts of clay brick powder and 40 parts of rice bran powder; the mass ratio of the dry materials to the water is 1 3 The apparent porosity is 54 percent, and the water absorption rate is 43 percent.
The mixture ratio is adjusted as follows: 55 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of soft refractory clay, 25 parts of clay brick powder and 40 parts of rice bran powder; the mass ratio of the dry materials to the water is 1. The bulk density of the obtained product is 1.23g/cm 3 Soft Si-Al clinker with apparent porosity of 50% and water absorption of 40.5%.
The mixture ratio is adjusted as follows: 55 parts of kaolin, 25 parts of soft refractory clay, 20 parts of clay brick powder and 35 parts of rice bran powder; the mass ratio of the dry materials to the water is 1. The bulk density of 1.30g/cm can be obtained 3 Soft Si-Al clinker with apparent porosity of 45.8% and water absorption of 35.4%.
2. In the following examples, flint clay powder is purchased from Anhui gold rock mining company, silica micropowder is purchased from Guizhou Zunyi Lifeng powder company, high alumina cement is purchased from Zhengzhou Jianaite aluminate company, and sodium tripolyphosphate (water reducing agent) is purchased from Wuhanji Industrial chemical company, ltd. The light silicon-aluminum clinker is the product obtained in the typical preparation process.
The examples relate to the main raw materials whose main component contents are shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2 main component content of raw materials
Example 1
The semi-light clay brick for the bottom cushion of the glass melting furnace is prepared by firing water and the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of light silicon-aluminum clinker, 15 parts of flint clay powder, 10 parts of silicon micropowder, 10 parts of high-alumina cement and 0.15 part of water reducer.
The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of grading a fine-particle-size light silicon aluminum clinker, a small-particle-size light silicon aluminum clinker, a medium-particle-size light silicon aluminum clinker and a large-particle-size light silicon aluminum clinker according to the mass ratio of 15.
The particle size of the flint clay powder is 220-250 meshes. The grain size of the silicon micro powder is 250-325 meshes. The grain size of the high alumina cement is 300-325 meshes. The water reducing agent is sodium tripolyphosphate with a particle size of 20-100 meshes.
Example 2 to example 5
The semi-light clay brick for the bottom mat of the glass melting furnace used in examples 2 to 5 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, and the specific differences in the formulation are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 formulation composition of semi-light clay brick for bottom mat of glass melting furnace for examples 2-5 (amount in parts by weight)
In other embodiments of the glass melting furnace bottom cushion layer using the semi-light clay brick, clay brick powder can be used for replacing flint clay powder in an equal amount, and the semi-light clay brick equivalent to the embodiment can be obtained. The high alumina cement can be replaced by the higher-cost pure calcium aluminate cement, and the semi-light clay brick with corresponding characteristics can be obtained.
3. Specific embodiment of preparation method of semi-light clay brick for glass melting furnace pool bottom cushion layer
Example 6
The preparation method of the semi-light clay brick for the bottom cushion of the glass melting furnace in the embodiment explains the preparation process of the semi-light clay brick in the embodiment 1, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Uniformly stirring the flint clay powder, the silica powder and the high-alumina cement powder according to the proportion to obtain a premix;
adding the fine-particle-size light silicon-aluminum clinker, the small-particle-size light silicon-aluminum clinker, the medium-particle-size light silicon-aluminum clinker and the coarse-particle-size light silicon-aluminum clinker into a stirrer according to the proportion, stirring for 2min, adding a premix, dry-mixing for 4min, and adding a water reducer and water for wet mixing to obtain mixed pug; the wet mixing time is 10min, and the water addition amount is 27 percent of the total mass of the light silicon-aluminum clinker and the premix.
2) And injecting the mixed pug into the assembled mould, and fixing the mould on a vibration platform. And (3) performing vibration molding by using a vibration platform, and simultaneously inserting a vibration rod for assisting vibration to remove air bubbles in the vibration platform, wherein the vibration time of the vibration platform and the vibration rod is 15min. And demolding after the pug is solidified to obtain a mold blank.
3) And (5) placing the die blank in a room for natural curing, wherein the natural curing time is 7 days. And drying the cured blank in a drying kiln at the drying temperature of not more than 120 ℃ and the dried moisture of not more than 3%.
4) And sintering the dried blank in a kiln at 1350 ℃ for 48 hours. Stopping heating, cooling, naturally cooling with the kiln, and finally processing by cutting and grinding equipment to obtain the finished product.
Semi-lightweight clay bricks of examples 2-5 can be prepared by the method of reference example 6, respectively. In other implementation cases, the water adding amount can be controlled to be adjustable between 26 and 28 percent, the sintering temperature can be set to be 1300 to 1400 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 24 to 72 hours at the sintering temperature according to the size of the brick.
4. Comparative examples in the following comparative examples, flint clay powders were obtained from Shanxi Huaren mining Co., ltd and vermiculite was obtained from Hebei Shijiazhuang Mayunzheng building materials Co., ltd.
Comparative examples 1 to 5
Comparative examples 1-5 lightweight clay insulating bricks were prepared with the above-described lightweight aluminosilicous clinker aggregate (using a typical preparation process) and can be used for insulating the exterior walls of the side walls of glass melting furnaces. The specific formulation is shown in table 4 below.
TABLE 4 formulation composition of light clay insulating brick of comparative examples 1-5
The light clay insulating bricks of comparative examples 1 to 5 were prepared as follows:
1) Uniformly mixing the aggregate, the flint clay powder, the clay brick powder, the vermiculite powder, the silica powder and the pulp waste liquid according to a ratio, and performing compression molding by using a press machine to obtain a brick blank; the pressure of the compression molding is 100MPa, and the compression time is 20s.
2) And naturally curing the green bricks for 48h, drying the green bricks for 48h at 110 ℃, and then firing the green bricks for 12h in a tunnel kiln at 1350 ℃.
Comparative examples 6 to 10
The clay bricks prepared in comparative examples 6 to 10 used flint clay aggregate, which was commercially available. The specific formulation is listed in table 5 below.
TABLE 5 formulation composition of clay bricks of comparative examples 6 to 10
The clay bricks of comparative examples 6 to 10 were prepared in the same manner as the light-weight clay insulating bricks of comparative examples 1 to 5.
5. Examples of the experiments
In this example, the clay bricks of examples and comparative examples were tested for apparent porosity, bulk density, room temperature compressive strength, and thermal conductivity on hot side. The test methods for each item were carried out according to the regulations of the test method GB/T3994-2005, which is shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 Performance test results of the clay-based insulating bricks of examples and comparative examples
From the experimental results in Table 6, it can be seen that the lightweight clay insulating bricks of comparative examples 1 to 5 have high apparent porosity and small thermal conductivity, but have slightly poor strength, pressure resistance and bearing capacity, and are suitable for the outer wall of the side wall of the melting furnace but not for the bottom mat layer of the glass melting furnace. Comparative examples 6 to 10 belong to heavy clay bricks, which have high thermal conductivity and are not energy-saving, though they have good strength, pressure resistance and load bearing.
The semi-light clay brick of the embodiment has the characteristics of moderate volume density, high strength, light weight and good heat insulation. Adopt the inseparable mode of tiling during the construction and can guarantee the heat preservation effect, for the construction mode of heavy clay brick pendulum into the lattice body and double-layered cotton or calcium silicate board in the middle of the lattice body, it is more convenient to construct, and the heat conductivility of bed course is even in addition, is favorable to the even control of the temperature in the glass melting furnace pond. In addition, the semi-light clay brick of the embodiment has smaller change of the heavy firing line than the heavy clay brick, and has longer service life when in application.
By combining the characteristics, the semi-light clay brick of the embodiment is very suitable for being used as a cushion layer at the bottom of a glass melting furnace, and is an ideal upgrading and updating product of the existing heavy clay brick.
Claims (9)
1. The semi-light clay brick for the cushion layer at the bottom of the glass melting furnace is characterized by being prepared by firing water and the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of light silicon-aluminum clinker, 10-20 parts of matrix material, 5-10 parts of silicon micropowder, 10-15 parts of high-temperature cement and 0.1-0.3 part of water reducer;
the matrix material is selected from one or two of flint clay powder and clay brick powder;
the light silicon-aluminum clinker is prepared by firing water and the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of kaolin, 15-25 parts of soft refractory clay, 15-25 parts of clay brick powder and 35-40 parts of rice bran powder; the volume density of the light silicon-aluminum clinker is 1.10-1.30g/cm 3 The apparent porosity is 45-55%.
2. The semi-light clay brick for the bottom cushion of the glass melting furnace pool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grain size of the light silicoaluminophosphate clinker is not more than 8mm, and the light silicoaluminophosphate clinker with different grain sizes is graded.
3. The semi-light clay brick for the bottom cushion of the glass melting furnace tank as claimed in claim 2, wherein the light silicon aluminum clinker is a fine particle size light silicon aluminum clinker, a small particle size light silicon aluminum clinker, a medium particle size light silicon aluminum clinker, and a coarse particle size light silicon aluminum clinker, and the light silicon aluminum clinker is prepared from (10-15) by mass ratio, (15-25) to (15-25) by mass ratio, (8-15) in a graded manner, wherein the particle size of the fine particle size light silicon aluminum clinker is not more than 1mm, the particle size of the small particle size light silicon aluminum clinker is more than 1mm and not more than 3mm, the particle size of the medium particle size light silicon aluminum clinker is more than 3mm and not more than 5mm, and the particle size of the coarse particle size light silicon aluminum clinker is more than 5mm and not more than 8mm.
4. The semi-light clay brick for the bottom mat of a glass melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the matrix material is 220 to 250 mesh, and the particle size of the fine silica powder is 250 to 325 mesh.
5. The semi-light clay brick for the bottom cushion of a glass melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the high temperature cement is one or two selected from high alumina cement and pure calcium aluminate cement.
6. A method for preparing a semi-light clay brick for a glass melting furnace bottom mat according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
1) Weighing light silicon-aluminum clinker, matrix material, silica micropowder, high-temperature cement, water reducer and water according to the proportion, mixing uniformly, and performing vibration molding to prepare a mold blank;
2) Curing and drying the mold blank, and then sintering at 1300-1400 ℃.
7. The method for producing a semi-light clay brick for a hearth cushion of a glass melting furnace according to claim 6, wherein in the step 2), drying is performed until the water content is not more than 3%.
8. The method for producing a semi-light clay brick for a glass melting furnace bottom mat according to claim 6 or 7, wherein in the step 2), the firing time is 24 to 72 hours.
9. The method for preparing a semi-light clay brick for a glass melting furnace bottom cushion layer according to claim 6, wherein in the step 1), the light silicon-aluminum clinker is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: stirring kaolin, soft refractory clay, clay brick powder, rice bran powder and water uniformly, ageing the mixture, extruding the mixture to form mud blanks; naturally curing the mud blank, drying, firing at 1300-1400 ℃ and crushing.
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