CN114248908B - Propeller and flight equipment - Google Patents
Propeller and flight equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114248908B CN114248908B CN202111654765.3A CN202111654765A CN114248908B CN 114248908 B CN114248908 B CN 114248908B CN 202111654765 A CN202111654765 A CN 202111654765A CN 114248908 B CN114248908 B CN 114248908B
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- Prior art keywords
- hub
- central shaft
- locking
- propeller
- axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C11/00—Propellers, e.g. of ducted type; Features common to propellers and rotors for rotorcraft
- B64C11/16—Blades
- B64C11/20—Constructional features
- B64C11/28—Collapsible or foldable blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60F—VEHICLES FOR USE BOTH ON RAIL AND ON ROAD; AMPHIBIOUS OR LIKE VEHICLES; CONVERTIBLE VEHICLES
- B60F5/00—Other convertible vehicles, i.e. vehicles capable of travelling in or on different media
- B60F5/02—Other convertible vehicles, i.e. vehicles capable of travelling in or on different media convertible into aircraft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C27/00—Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
- B64C27/32—Rotors
- B64C27/46—Blades
- B64C27/473—Constructional features
- B64C27/48—Root attachment to rotor head
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C27/00—Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
- B64C27/32—Rotors
- B64C27/46—Blades
- B64C27/473—Constructional features
- B64C27/50—Blades foldable to facilitate stowage of aircraft
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/40—Weight reduction
Abstract
The application relates to a propeller and a flying device. The propeller comprises a central shaft, a hub, blades and a locking mechanism. The hub is connected to the central shaft, the blades are connected to the hub, and the blades and the hub can be driven by the central shaft to rotate. The locking mechanism is connected between the hub and the central shaft and comprises a locking seat, a traction assembly and a locking piece. The locking seat is connected with the central shaft in a rotation-stopping way, and a positioning part is arranged on the locking seat. The traction assembly is movably coupled to the hub. One end of the locking piece is movably connected with the traction assembly, and the other end of the locking piece is movably limited on the positioning part so as to limit the swing freedom degree of the hub relative to the central shaft; the blade rotates to drive the locking mechanism to rotate, and the traction assembly drives the locking piece to separate from the positioning part under the action of centrifugal force so as to release the swing freedom degree of the hub relative to the central shaft. The screw propeller drives the locking piece through centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the central shaft, and a special driving device is not required to be arranged on the whole, so that the weight is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of aircrafts, in particular to a propeller and flying equipment.
Background
The rotary wing aircraft is a new concept aircraft, and has both the vertical take-off and landing performance of a helicopter and the altitude cruising performance of a fixed wing aircraft. The propeller is an important component of a rotary wing aircraft, and the hub load needs to be reduced during flight, so that the hub of the propeller of the aircraft with the variable pitch function with large size has a swinging degree of freedom.
The swinging degree of freedom means that the blade can swing around the revolute pair of the blade root in a small amplitude in a direction perpendicular to the blade plane. After the aircraft stops landing, the blades are free to swing due to the fact that the swing freedom degree is easy to be disturbed by the outside such as gusts and the like, and potential safety hazards exist. On the other hand, for the aircraft with the blades needing to be folded, before the blades are folded, a special flap hinge locking device is required to be installed to lock the swing freedom degree of the blades, and then the folding is carried out, so that the folding of the blades is convenient, and the blades can reach a preset position after being folded.
The existing flap hinge locking device is mainly applied to heavy helicopters and large-scale tiltrotors, most of flap hinge locking devices need power sources for opening and closing, and the installation of the power sources can generate a lot of additional weight, so that the inherent load of the aircraft is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a propeller, and the embodiment of the application also provides flight equipment with the propeller.
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a propeller including a central shaft, a hub, a blade, and a locking mechanism. The hub is connected to the central shaft, the blades are connected to the hub, and the blades and the hub can be driven to rotate by the central shaft. The locking mechanism is connected between the hub and the central shaft and comprises a locking seat, a traction assembly and a locking piece. The locking seat is connected with the central shaft in a rotation-stopping way, and a positioning part is arranged on the locking seat. The traction assembly is movably coupled to the hub. One end of the locking piece is movably connected with the traction assembly, and the other end of the locking piece is movably limited on the positioning part so as to limit the swing freedom degree of the hub relative to the central shaft; the blade rotates to drive the locking mechanism to rotate, and the traction assembly drives the locking piece to separate from the positioning part under the action of centrifugal force so as to release the swing freedom degree of the hub relative to the central shaft.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a flight device, including a body and a propeller of any one of the above, where a central shaft of the propeller is connected to the body.
Compared with the prior art, in the screw provided by the embodiment of the application, when the locking piece is limited on the positioning part, the hub and the central shaft keep relatively static, so that the restriction on the swing freedom degree of the hub is realized. When the central shaft rotates, the locking mechanism is driven to rotate, so that the traction assembly is driven to rotate. The pulling assembly enables the locking piece to be separated from the positioning part under the action of centrifugal force, so that the release of the swing freedom degree of the propeller hub is realized, therefore, the propeller provided by the application drives the locking piece to be separated from the positioning part or naturally limited to the positioning part through the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the central shaft, an independent driving device is not needed, the structure is simplified, and the whole weight of the propeller is reduced. The swing degree of freedom is released only when the propeller reaches a working state with a certain rotating speed, and the unlocking can be performed in advance of the state that the swing degree of freedom needs to be released by adjusting the weight of the traction assembly, so that the aim of automatic unlocking can be fulfilled without detection and driving.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a propeller according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a partial structure of the propeller shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the hub of the propeller shown in fig. 2 in a deflected state.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the propeller shown in fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a partial structure of a sectional view of the propeller shown in fig. 4.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of a partial structure of the cross-sectional view of the propeller shown in FIG. 4
Fig. 7 is a sectional view along the first axis O1 in a state in which the degree of freedom of oscillation of the hub of the propeller shown in fig. 2 with respect to the center shaft is limited.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a locking seat and a locking mechanism of the propeller shown in fig. 2.
Fig. 9 is a sectional view along the first axis O1 in a state in which the degree of freedom of oscillation of the hub of the propeller shown in fig. 2 with respect to the central shaft is released.
Fig. 10 is a schematic overall structure of a flying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected. Either mechanically or electrically. Can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a propeller 100, where the propeller 100 may be applied to a flying apparatus 200 (as shown in fig. 10) to enable the flying apparatus 200 to implement a vertical take-off and landing function.
Referring to fig. 2, a propeller 100 includes a central shaft 10, a hub 30, blades 50, and a locking mechanism 70. The central shaft 10 is adapted to be connected to a driving mechanism (e.g., motor, cylinder, etc.) of the propeller 100 to be rotated by the driving mechanism. The hub 30 is connected to the central shaft 10, the blades 50 are connected to the hub 30, and the blades 50, the hub 30 can be rotated by the central shaft 10, thereby generating a lift force for lifting the flying device 200 (shown in fig. 10). Wherein the hub 50 is capable of swinging relative to the central shaft 10, enabling the blade 70 to flap based on the degree of freedom of the swinging. A locking mechanism 70 is connected between the central shaft 10 and the hub 30 for limiting the degree of freedom of oscillation of the hub 30 relative to the central shaft 10 to avoid flapping movements of the blade 50.
Referring to fig. 2, the central shaft 10 is substantially rod-shaped, and the specific shape thereof is not limited in this application. The center shaft 10 has a first axis O1, and in a state where the center shaft 10 is connected to the driving mechanism of the propeller 100, it can be rotated about the first axis O1 by the driving mechanism.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a hub 30 is connected to one end of the central shaft 10 for mounting the blades 50. In the present embodiment, the hub 30 includes a hub base 32, and the hub base 32 is connected to the central shaft 10 and is rotatable with the central shaft 10 about the first axis O1. In this embodiment, hub base 32 does not have a degree of freedom of rotation about first axis O1 with respect to central shaft 10, but has a degree of freedom of rotation about second axis O2, wherein second axis O2 is perpendicular to first axis O1. Specifically, the hub base 32 is connected to the central shaft 10 by a pin 323, and the axis of the pin 323 is the second axis O2. The hub base 32 may rotate about the second axis O2 of the pin 323 within a predetermined angle range, thereby forming a teeterboard hub structure, where the angle range of the hub base 32 swinging about the second axis O2 may be implemented by the cooperation of corresponding limiting grooves, limiting protrusions, and the like, which is not limited in this application.
The blades 50 are connected to the hub 30 for rotation about a first axis O1 by the central shaft 10 and the hub 30 to generate a lifting force using an air flow. Further, the number of the blades 50 is two, two blades 50 are respectively positioned at opposite ends of the hub 30, and the blades 50 can be driven to rotate by the hub 30.
Referring to fig. 4, a locking mechanism 70 is coupled between hub 30 and central shaft 10, and locking mechanism 70 includes a locking seat 72, a traction assembly 74, and a locking member 76. The locking seat 72 is in non-rotational connection with the central shaft 10, the traction assembly 74 is movably connected to the hub 30, the locking member 76 is connected to the traction assembly 74 and the hub 30 and is movably engaged with the locking seat 76, the engagement of the locking member 76 with the locking seat 72 serves to limit or release the degree of freedom of oscillation of the hub 30 relative to the central shaft 10 and thereby limit or release the flapping motion of the propeller 100.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the locking seat 72 is a substantially block-shaped body, which is sleeved on one end of the central shaft 10 and is located between the central shaft 10 and the hub 30. It should be understood that the "rotation-stopping connection" between the locking seat 72 and the central shaft 10 is understood to mean that the locking seat 72 is fixed relative to the central shaft 10, and that the locking seat 72 is rotatable with rotation of the central shaft 10. Further, the locking seat 72 is provided with a positioning portion 721, and the positioning portion 721 is used for being in clamping engagement with the locking member 76 to limit the locking member 76 to the locking seat 72. The specific structure of the positioning portion 721 is not limited in this application, and the positioning portion 721 may be, for example, a hole structure, a groove structure, a snap structure, or the like, which is snap-fitted with the locking member 76.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in some embodiments, the positioning portion 721 may be a positioning hole 7212, and the positioning hole 7212 may be disposed on a sidewall of the locking seat 72 facing away from the central shaft 10, where the positioning hole 7212 is located on a side of the locking seat 72 facing the hub 30, so as to facilitate matching with the locking member 76. The positioning hole 7212 has a predetermined hole axis direction O3, and the positioning hole 7212 may penetrate the locking seat 72 along the hole axis direction O3, wherein the hole axis direction O3 is substantially parallel to the second axis O2, i.e., the hole axis direction O3 is also substantially perpendicular to the first axis O1 of the center shaft 10. In some examples, the number of the positioning holes 7212 may be two, and the two positioning holes 7212 are respectively located on two opposite sidewalls of the locking seat 72. One end of the locking member 76 is inserted into the positioning hole 7212, i.e., limits the degree of freedom of the swing of the hub 30 with respect to the center shaft 10, thereby limiting the flapping motion of the propeller 100; one end of the locking member 76 is pulled out of the positioning hole 7212, i.e. the swinging freedom of the hub 30 with respect to the central shaft 10 is released, thereby releasing the flapping motion of the propeller 100.
The locking seat 72 may also be provided with a guiding groove 723, and the guiding groove 723 is concavely formed on the outer peripheral wall of the locking seat 72 facing away from the central shaft 10, and is located on one side of the locking seat 72 facing toward the hub 30. The number of the guide grooves 723 may be two, and the two guide grooves 723 are respectively located on both side walls of the locking seat 72 provided with the positioning holes 7212. The guide grooves 723 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the positioning holes 7212, and each guide groove 723 communicates with its corresponding positioning hole 7212. The guide groove 723 has a bottom wall 7232, one end of the bottom wall 7232 of the guide groove 723 is connected to the outer surface of the lock base 32, and the other end is connected to the wall of the positioning hole 7212, so that the bottom wall 7232 is provided obliquely with respect to the hole axis direction O3 of the positioning hole 7212, and the oblique direction of the bottom wall 7232 intersects with the hole axis direction O3 of the positioning hole 7212. Specifically, in the embodiment shown in fig. 5, when the locking seat 72 is cut by a plane passing through the hole axis direction O3 of the positioning hole 7212 and perpendicular to the central axis 10, the cross-sectional contour line of the bottom wall 7232 is inclined with respect to the hole axis direction O3, for example, a line on which the cross-sectional contour line of the bottom wall 7232 is located intersects the hole axis direction O3, and an included angle therebetween is smaller than 90 degrees. In this embodiment, the sloped bottom wall 7232 is used to provide a guide for the locking member 76 to facilitate the insertion of the locking member 76 into the positioning hole 7212, thereby achieving a restriction of the degree of freedom of the hub 30 to swing with respect to the central shaft 10.
Referring to fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the locking member 76 is disposed through the hub 32, which is substantially rod-shaped, and the specific shape thereof is not limited in this application. The locking member 76 has a third axis O4, the third axis O4 being substantially parallel to the second axis O2 of the pin 323, i.e. the third axis O4 being substantially parallel to the central axis 10. The locking member 76 is movably disposed through the hub 30 along a third axis O4 thereof to cooperate with the locking seat 32 to limit the degree of freedom in rotation of the hub 30 about the second axis O2. The locking member 76 is located between the traction assembly 74 and the positioning portion 721, and includes a pin 761, a first end 7612 and a second end 7614, wherein the pin 761 is disposed through the hub base 32, the first end 7612 and the second end 7614 are respectively located at two opposite ends of the pin 761, the first end 7612 is movably limited in the positioning portion 721, and the second end 7614 is movably connected to the traction assembly 74.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, further, the number of the locking members 76 is two, the two locking members 76 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the hub 30, and the locking members 76 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the positioning portions 721. The two locking members 76 are symmetrical about the first axis O1, the two positioning portions 721 are symmetrical about the first axis O1, and the two guide grooves 723 are centrally symmetrical about the first axis O1, so that the locking members 76 are guided in multiple directions. The locking piece 76 moves along the third axis O4 near the positioning portion 721, and the first end 7612 of the locking piece 76 is embedded in the positioning hole 7212, i.e. the swinging freedom degree of the hub 30 relative to the central shaft 10 is limited; the traction group 74 moves relative to the hub 30, driving the locking member 76 to move along the third axis O4 away from the positioning portion 721 relative to the hub 30, and pulling the first end 7612 of the locking member 76 out of the positioning hole 7212, i.e. releasing the swinging freedom of the hub 30 relative to the central shaft 10.
In this embodiment, the locking mechanism 70 may further include a reset member 78, where the reset member 78 is located between the hub 30 and the locking member 76 for driving the locking member 76 to slide along the third axis O4 in the hub 30 until the first end 7612 of the locking member 76 is limited by the positioning portion 721, thereby limiting the swinging freedom of the hub 30 relative to the central shaft 10.
In this embodiment, the hub base 32 has a receiving cavity 321 formed therein, and the receiving cavity 321 is configured to receive a portion of the reset member 78 and the locking member 76. The receiving cavity 321 extends through the hub base 32 along the third axis O4 of the locking member 76 for the locking member 76 to extend through the hub base 32. In this embodiment, the number of the accommodating cavities 321 may be two, the two accommodating cavities 321 are respectively located at two opposite sides of the hub base 32, the number of the restoring members 78 may be two, each restoring member 78 is correspondingly disposed in one accommodating cavity 321, and each locking member 76 is correspondingly disposed through one accommodating cavity 321.
To limit the position of the return member 78, the hub 30 may further comprise a stop member 34, the stop member 34 being located on a side of the hub base 32 facing away from the central shaft 10. The number of the limiting pieces 34 is two, and the two limiting pieces 34 are respectively covered at one ends of the two accommodating cavities 321 opposite to each other. In this embodiment, the limiting member 34 is a limiting cover, which is not limited to the specific shape of the limiting member 34 and the corresponding hub base 32 are in threaded connection. Each locking piece 76 is movably arranged in the two accommodating cavities 321 in a penetrating way, the second end 7614 of the locking piece 76 penetrates through the adjacent limiting piece 34 and is movably arranged in the limiting piece 34 in a penetrating way, and the second end 7614 is movably connected to the traction assembly 74.
Further, the locking member 76 may further include a limiting portion 763 connected to the pin 761, and the pin 761 is disposed through the accommodating cavity 321 along the third axis O4. The limiting portion 763 is located in the accommodating cavity 321 and is used for limiting the reset element 78 in cooperation with the limiting element 34. The limiting portion 763 is substantially flange-shaped, and is disposed on the pin 761 near the first end 7612 and protrudes relative to the surface of the pin 761. The reset element 78 is disposed in the accommodating cavity 321 and elastically abuts between the limiting element 34 and the limiting portion 763. The reset element 78 is in a pressed state and has elastic potential energy for driving the locking element 76 to be limited on the positioning part 721. The specific shape of the restoring member 78 is not limited in this application, for example, the restoring member 78 may be a spring plate or other elastic body (such as a spring, an elastic sleeve, etc.) capable of driving the locking member 76 to move, where the spring plate elastically abuts between the limiting member 34 and the limiting portion 763, and provides a force for the locking member 76 to move away from the limiting member 34.
In this embodiment, the reset member 78 is a spring, which is sleeved on the pin 761, and one end of the spring abuts against the limiting member 34 and the other end abuts against the limiting portion 763. Since the spring is under compression, the spring always applies a force to the locking member 76 that moves away from the stop member 34. The spring urges the first end 7612 of the locking member 76 to extend out of the hub 30 and into the locating hole 7212 when the hub is in a normally centered condition with respect to the central shaft 10. The pin 761 of the locking member 76 is located in the hub 30 and the first end 7612 is located in the locking seat 32, thereby maintaining the hub 30 and the central shaft 10 in a relatively locked state, and thus achieving constraint of the degree of freedom of the swing of the hub 30, and the hub 30 and the blade 50 and being unable to flap relative to the central shaft 10.
Referring to fig. 6 and 8, when the hub 30 is not centered with respect to the central shaft 10, the third axis O4 of the locking member 76 is not aligned with the hole axis O3 of the positioning hole 7212, the locking member 76 is dislocated from the positioning hole 7212, and due to the elastic supporting action of the restoring member 78, the first end 7612 of the locking member 76 is supported against the bottom wall of the guiding slot 723, and still can be locked under the guiding action of the guiding slot 723.
In another example, referring to fig. 4 to 7, when the hub 30 is not in a centered state relative to the central shaft 10, the first end 7612 of the locking member 76 abuts against the bottom wall 7232 of the guiding slot 723 under the action of the reset member 78, and due to the inclined arrangement of the bottom wall 7232, the elastic potential energy of the reset member 78 drives the first end 7612 to slide along the bottom wall 7232 into the positioning hole 7212 communicated with the first end 7612, so as to achieve the locking purpose. Movement of the locking member 76 along the bottom wall 7232 rotates the hub 30 about the second axis O2, and after the locking member 76 is retained in the positioning hole 7212, the hub 30 is also centered with respect to the central shaft 10. In view of the two deflection states of the hub 30 relative to the central shaft 10, the two guide grooves 723 are arranged centrally symmetrically with respect to the first axis O1 of the central shaft 10. This allows the hub 30 to be corrected by the return member 78, regardless of which side of the first axis O1 of the central shaft 10 the hub is deflected, to return to a centered position relative to the central shaft 10 and to achieve a locked condition. Since each positioning hole 7212 has a guide groove 723 on only one side, and the hole wall of the positioning hole 7212 is substantially parallel to the hole axis direction O3 thereof, the locking member 76 is reliably restricted by the positioning holes 7212, and the hub 30 does not swing when being disturbed by the outside.
Referring to fig. 7-9, a pulling assembly 74 is coupled between hub base 32 and locking member 76, and pulling assembly 74 includes a swing link 741 and a force transmitting pin 743. One end of the swing link 741 is movably connected to the hub base 32 and the other end is movably connected to the locking member 76 by a force transmitting pin 743. The oscillating bar 741 cooperates with the force transmitting pin 743 to pull the locking member 76 along the third axis O4 away from the central shaft 10 to disengage the first end 7612 from the positioning hole 7212, thereby releasing the oscillating degree of freedom of the hub 30 relative to the central shaft 10. The number of the traction assemblies 74 is two, the two traction assemblies 74 are respectively located on two opposite sides of the hub base 32, the traction assemblies 74 are in one-to-one correspondence with the locking pieces 76, and the traction assemblies 74 are located at one end of the locking pieces 76, which is away from the central shaft 10.
In this embodiment, the swing link 741 has one end connected to the hub base 32 and rotatable with the central shaft 10 and the hub base 32 about the first axis O1, and the other end movably connected to the locking member 76 by a force transmitting pin 743. In the present embodiment, the swing link 741 does not have a degree of freedom of rotation about the first axis O1 with respect to the center shaft 10, but has a degree of freedom of rotation about a fourth axis O5, wherein the fourth axis O5 is substantially perpendicular to the first axis O1, the second axis O2. Specifically, the swing link 741 is connected to the hub base 32 through a pivot 7416, and the axis of the pivot 7416 is the fourth axis O5. The swing link 741 is rotatable about the fourth axis O5 of the pivot 7416, thereby dragging the locking member 76 out of the positioning portion 721 by the force transmitting pin 743, releasing the degree of freedom of swing of the hub 30 with respect to the center shaft 10.
Further, the swing rod 741 may include a base plate 7412 and an installation plate 7414 fixedly connected to the base plate 7412, where the base plate 7412 and the installation plate 7414 are elongated sheets, and the length direction of the installation plate 7414 is approximately along the length direction of the central shaft 10, and of course, a certain angle may exist between the installation plate 7414 and the central shaft 10. Mounting plate 7414 is generally perpendicular to base plate 7412, with mounting plate 7414 being located on a side of base plate 7412 facing hub base 32. The number of mounting plates 7414 is two, and two mounting plates 7414 are respectively located on both sides of the base plate 7412. The pivot 7416 rotatably extends through the hub base 32 and the mounting plate 7414. The side walls of the two mounting plates 7414 are provided with sliding grooves 7415, the sliding grooves 7415 are in a waist-shaped groove shape, and the length direction of the sliding grooves 7415 is approximately the same as the length direction of the mounting plates 7414.
The force transmission pin 743 is substantially rod-shaped, and the force transmission pin 743 is provided through two slide grooves 7415 along the fourth axis O5 of the pivot 7416 for transmitting the centrifugal force generated when the swing link 741 rotates about the center shaft 10 to the locking member 76. The force transmitting pin 743 is fixedly connected to the second end 7614 of the locking member 76, and the force transmitting pin 743 is slidably disposed through the slide slot 7415 or movably received in the slide slot 7415, with the second end 7614 of the locking member 76 being disposed between the two mounting plates 7414. The swing rod 741 rotates around the fourth axis O5 of the pivot 7416, and the locking member 76 can be driven to slide by the force transmission pin 743 to control the first end 7612 to be separated from the positioning hole 7212, so as to realize the release of the swing freedom degree of the hub 30.
In some embodiments, the traction assembly 74 may further include a weight 745, the weight 745 being generally massive, the weight 745 being bolted between the two mounting plates 7414 and at an end of the swing link 741 facing away from the pivot 741 for enhancing centrifugal force. The balancing weight 745 can increase the centrifugal force generated when the swing link 741 rotates, thereby improving the traction capacity of the traction assembly 74. In these embodiments, the balancing weight 745 is removable to facilitate replacement of balancing weights 745 of different masses to control the magnitude of centrifugal force at the same rotational speed.
When the propeller 100 starts to rotate, the central shaft 10 drives the hub 30 and the locking mechanism 70 to rotate, and the balancing weight 745 is subjected to a centrifugal force outwards away from the central shaft 10 according to the centrifugal force formula:
F＝mω 2 r
m is the mass, the angular velocity, and r is the distance of the centroid from the axis of rotation. The centrifugal force F increases along with the increase of the angular velocity, and when F reaches a certain value, the balancing weight 745 drives the swing rod 741 to rotate away from the central shaft 10. The force-transmitting pin 743 is in sliding engagement with the slide slot 7415, so that eventually the swing link 741 will pull the locking member 76 away from the positioning hole 7212. When the rotational speed reaches a certain value, F is enough to overcome the force of the reset element 78, the reset element 78 is compressed, the locking element 76 is pulled out of the positioning hole 7212, and the flapping constraint of the hub 30 is released.
Since the swing degree of freedom is released only when the propeller 100 reaches a working state with a certain rotation speed, the unlocking can be performed in advance of the state in which the swing degree of freedom needs to be released by adjusting the mass m of the balancing weight 745 or the rigidity value of the reset piece 78, and thus the purpose of automatic unlocking can be achieved without detection and driving.
When the rotational speed of the propeller 100 decreases, the centrifugal force applied to the balancing weight 745 decreases, the return member 78 is gradually released, and a force is applied to the locking member 76 to move away from the limiting member 34, and when the hub 30 is in a normally centered state relative to the central shaft 10, the return member 78 presses the locking member 76 back into the positioning hole 7212, thereby restoring the flapping-lock state.
When the hub 30 is not in a centered state relative to the central shaft 10, under the action of the reset element 78, the first end 7612 of the locking element 76 abuts against the bottom wall 7232 of the guide groove 723, and the reset element 78 drives the first end to slide into the positioning hole 7212 communicated with the bottom wall 7232 due to the inclined arrangement of the bottom wall 7232, so as to achieve the locking purpose.
The locking mechanism 70 described above is applicable to the locking of a flapping or pitch-varying hinge of a full-hinged hub single blade 50 in addition to the flapping locking of a see-saw hub.
Referring to fig. 10, based on the propeller 100, the present application further provides a flying apparatus 200. The flying apparatus 200 can restrict the swing freedom degree of the hub 30 relative to the central shaft 10 without installing a power source, and the overall weight of the flying apparatus 200 is reduced. The flying apparatus 200 includes a body 20 and any one of the propellers 100 described above, and a central shaft 10 of the propeller 100 is connected to a driving mechanism on the body 20. The drive mechanism drives the propeller 100 to rotate, and the propeller 100 rotates to generate lift to lift the flying apparatus 200.
In the flight equipment and the propeller thereof provided by the embodiment of the application, when the locking piece is limited on the positioning part, the hub and the central shaft keep relatively static, so that the restriction on the swing freedom degree of the hub is realized. When the central shaft rotates, the locking mechanism is driven to rotate, so that the traction assembly is driven to rotate. The pulling assembly enables the locking piece to be separated from the positioning part under the action of centrifugal force, so that the release of the swing freedom degree of the propeller hub is realized, therefore, the propeller provided by the application drives the locking piece to be separated from the positioning part or naturally limited to the positioning part through the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the central shaft, an independent driving device is not needed, the structure is simplified, and the whole weight of the propeller is reduced. The swing degree of freedom is released only when the propeller reaches a working state with a certain rotating speed, and the unlocking can be performed in advance of the state that the swing degree of freedom needs to be released by adjusting the weight of the traction assembly, so that the aim of automatic unlocking can be fulfilled without detection and driving.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications and substitutions do not drive the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (11)
1. A propeller, comprising:
a central shaft;
a hub connected to the central shaft;
the blade is connected to the hub, and the blade and the hub can be driven by the central shaft to rotate; and
a locking mechanism coupled between the hub and the central shaft, the locking mechanism comprising:
the locking seat is in anti-rotation connection with the central shaft, and a positioning part is arranged on the locking seat;
the traction assembly comprises a swing rod and a force transmission pin, and one end of the swing rod is movably connected to a hub base of the hub; and
the locking piece is movably connected to one end of the swing rod, which is far away from the hub, through the force transmission pin, and the other end of the locking piece is movably limited on the positioning part so as to limit the swing freedom degree of the hub relative to the central shaft; and when the blade rotates, the locking mechanism is driven to rotate, and the swing rod drives the locking piece to be separated from the positioning part under the action of centrifugal force so as to release the swing degree of freedom of the hub relative to the central shaft.
2. The propeller of claim 1, wherein the positioning portion is a positioning hole having a predetermined hole axis direction, the hole axis direction being non-parallel to an axis direction of the center shaft.
3. The propeller as claimed in claim 2, wherein the locking seat is provided with a guide slot, and the guide slot is located at one side of the locating hole and is communicated with the locating hole; the guide groove is provided with a bottom wall, one end of the bottom wall is connected to the outer surface of the locking seat, the other end of the bottom wall is connected to the hole wall of the positioning hole, and the bottom wall is obliquely arranged relative to the hole axis direction.
4. A propeller according to claim 3, wherein the wall of the locating hole is parallel to the hole axis.
5. A propeller according to claim 3, wherein the number of the locking members and the number of the traction members are two, the two locking members are respectively located on opposite sides of the central shaft, and the traction members are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the locking members; the locking seat is provided with two guide grooves and two positioning holes, the two positioning holes are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of the locking seat, and the guide grooves and the positioning holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence; the two positioning holes are coaxially arranged, and the two guide grooves are arranged in a central symmetry mode relative to the axis of the central shaft.
6. The propeller of claim 1, wherein the locking mechanism further comprises a reset member disposed between the hub and the locking member, the reset member configured to urge the locking member to be confined to the positioning portion.
7. The propeller of claim 6, wherein the hub comprises a hub base and a limiting member, the hub base is provided with a receiving cavity, and the limiting member is covered at one end of the receiving cavity; the locking piece is slidably arranged in the limiting piece and the accommodating cavity in a penetrating manner, the locking piece is provided with a limiting part, and the limiting part is positioned in the accommodating cavity and is relatively spaced from the limiting piece; the reset piece is positioned in the accommodating cavity and elastically abuts against between the limiting piece and the limiting part.
8. The propeller of claim 1, wherein the swing link is rotatably connected to the hub, the swing link is provided with a chute, the force transmission pin is connected to the locking member and slidably engaged with the chute, and the swing link pulls the locking member away from or toward the positioning portion under the action of centrifugal force.
9. The propeller of claim 8, wherein one end of the swing link is rotatably connected to the hub by a pivot, the axis of the pivot being perpendicular to the axis of the central shaft; the traction assembly further comprises a balancing weight, and the balancing weight is connected to one end, far away from the pivot, of the swing rod.
10. A propeller according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the hub is rotatably connected to the central shaft, the hub being rotatable relative to the central shaft based on a degree of freedom of oscillation, the axis of rotation of the hub relative to the central shaft being perpendicular to the central shaft, the number of blades being two, the two blades being connected to opposite sides of the hub respectively.
11. A flying apparatus, comprising:
a body; and the propeller of any one of claims 1-10, said central shaft of said propeller being connected to said body.
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| CN202111654765.3A CN114248908B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Propeller and flight equipment |
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| CN202111654765.3A CN114248908B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Propeller and flight equipment |
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| CN114248908A CN114248908A (en) | 2022-03-29 |
| CN114248908B true CN114248908B (en) | 2023-06-16 |
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